Submitted by Cynthia Nascimento (cyngabe@ufba.br) on 2014-08-11T17:08:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Pereira Peixoto.pdf: 14878087 bytes, checksum: 9a36019de18e128d95226296f1342132 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barroso (pbarroso@ufba.br) on 2014-08-11T18:44:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Pereira Peixoto.pdf: 14878087 bytes, checksum: 9a36019de18e128d95226296f1342132 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-11T18:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Pereira Peixoto.pdf: 14878087 bytes, checksum: 9a36019de18e128d95226296f1342132 (MD5) / O ensino da língua inglesa, que hoje ostenta o status de língua franca global, sempre foi marcado pelo pioneirismo em relação ao uso de tecnologias. Tal como o conhecimento de uma língua estrangeira (LE) facilita o acesso ao mundo globalizado, as novas tecnologias,especialmente a internet, favorecem o desenvolvimento mais amplo e mais dinâmico do cada vez mais complexo processo de aquisição de línguas no ambiente instrucional. O contexto da escola pública brasileira é historicamente marcado pelo discurso sobre a impossibilidade de se aprender uma LE devido, entre tantas alegações, à carência de estrutura nesse espaço educacional. Esta pesquisa qualitativa de cunho etnográfico tem como objetivo geral analisar como a tecnologia de informação e comunicação está sendo usada nas aulas de línguas estrangeiras, no caso, inglês, na rede estadual de ensino, a partir da implementação do projeto Monitor Educacional (ME), da Secretaria da Educação do Estado da Bahia, e como esta iniciativa reflete na prática docente. Os fundamentos teóricos buscam contextualizar o leitor a respeito do inglês no mundo e as implicações políticas, culturais e ideológicas de seu ensino,bem como sobre a relação entre as novas tecnologias e o ensino de línguas. Inicialmente, foi feito um diagnóstico sobre a utilização do ME no estado com a participação de 66 (sessenta e seis) professores, oriundos de 30 (trinta) municípios baianos. A partir desta descrição, foram selecionados 4 (quatro) professores, lotados em unidades de ensino nos municípios de Elísio Medrado, Salvador e Itaberaba, para a realização das duas etapas seguintes da coleta de dados: o registro etnográfico das aulas e a gravação das entrevistas semiestruturadas. A experiência desses professores demonstrou a partir da análise dos dados gerados que o ME é visto como uma ação significativa para o contexto da escola pública e proporciona discussões e reflexões relevantes sobre o uso das novas tecnologias no ensino de línguas (materna ou estrangeira), contribuindo, não apenas para a materialização de uma proposta inovadora de ensino de inglês como LE em tal realidade, mas também, sob a perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada, para o debate voltado para a necessidade de demandarem-se políticas de educação linguística que se provem eficientes e efetivas nos seus resultados e que sejam capazes de contribuir, acima de tudo, para a formação cidadã dos aprendizes da escola pública, garantindo-lhes, de fato e de direito, o acesso pleno à língua de comunicação global da contemporaneidade.

Submitted by Thiago Henrique Borghi (thiagoborghi@zootecnista.com.br) on 2018-04-11T23:21:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Thiago_Henrique_Borghi.pdf: 1802141 bytes, checksum: f369b9e43f00fc37fb914e8be1cfef75 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali null (alexmar@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-04-12T11:23:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 borghi_th_dr_jabo.pdf: 1802141 bytes, checksum: f369b9e43f00fc37fb914e8be1cfef75 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-12T11:23:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 borghi_th_dr_jabo.pdf: 1802141 bytes, checksum: f369b9e43f00fc37fb914e8be1cfef75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-06 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, os parâmetros quantitativos da carcaça e os qualitativos e sensoriais da carne de cordeiros Ile de France terminados em confinamento, recebendo dietas com crescentes inclusões de farinha de algas marinhas. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros não castrados com aproximadamente 60 dias de idade e 20 ± 0,2 kg de peso corporal, alojados em baias individuais e abatidos aos 35,0 ± 0,2 kg. Os tratamentos foram compostos por quatro dietas: D0- silagem de milho + concentrado sem farinha de algas; D2- silagem de milho + concentrado + 2% de farinha de algas; D4- silagem de milho + concentrado + 4% de farinha de algas e D6- silagem de milho + concentrado + 6% de farinha de algas. A relação volumoso:concentrado foi 40:60, compondo dietas com semelhantes teores proteicos (15%) e energéticos (3,3 Mcal de energia digestível/kg de matéria seca). Os dados foram avaliados num delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão, com os graus de liberdade desdobrados em efeitos linear, quadrático e cúbico. As inclusões de farinha de algas marinhas influenciaram (P<0,05) o consumo de nutrientes, com efeito linear decrescente para matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB), fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra insolúvel em detergente ácido (FDA) e energia bruta (EB), e crescente para a fração EE (extrato etéreo). Da mesma forma, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes foi influenciada (P<0,05) pelas inclusões de farinha de algas marinhas, com efeito linear decrescente para as variáveis MS, MO, FDN, FDA, CHOT e CNF. A digestibilidade da fração EE apresentou efeito (P<0,05) linear crescente e a PB, efeito (P<0,05) quadrático. O peso do fígado dos animais aumentou (P<0,05) linearmente. As medidas das papilas ruminais dos cordeiros diminuíram (P<0,05) com as inclusões de farinha de algas marinhas nas dietas. Na avaliação do desempenho, foram observados efeitos (P<0,05) lineares crescente para dias de confinamento (DC) e decrescente para ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) e ganho médio diário de peso (GMDP). A conversão alimentar (CA) dos cordeiros não foi alterada (P>0,05). Os rendimentos da carcaça e dos cortes comerciais, as perdas por resfriamento e as medidas do músculo longissimus não foram alteradas (P>0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas para as características físico-químicas da carne dos cordeiros. Na análise sensorial, houve efeito (P<0,05) linear decrescente para os atributos odor, sabor e na intenção de compra dos consumidores. As inclusões de farinha de algas marinhas nas dietas não alteraram (P>0,05) a composição centesimal da carne dos cordeiros. Foram observados efeitos (P<0,05) lineares decrescente no teor de colesterol e crescente para a oxidação lipídica da carne dos animais. No perfil de ácidos graxos houve aumento (P<0,05) na concentração dos ácidos 16:0, 17:0, 18:1 n-7, 18:2 c9t11, 20:5 n-3 e 22:6 n-3 e redução dos ácidos graxos 18:0, 18:1 n-9 e 18:2 n-6. As concentrações de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGMI), ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPI) e as relações AGMI:AGS e AGPI:AGS apresentaram efeito (P<0,05) quadrático. Houve efeitos (P<0,05) linear decrescente no total de ácidos graxos n-6 e quadrático para os da família n-3 e na relação n-6:n-3. A atividade das enzimas dessaturase 16 diminuiu (P<0,05) linearmente. Foi observado efeito quadrático (P<0,05) para a atividade da enzima elongase, nos índices de aterogenicidade e trombogenicidade, nas concentrações de ácidos graxos hiper e hipocolesterolêmicos e na relação h:H. A farinha de algas marinhas não se mostrou uma alternativa interessante, uma vez que consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes é prejudicada, acarretando em menor desempenho dos animais. O incremento de ácido palmítico na carne dos cordeiros sobrepõem todos os benefícios inerentes aos ácidos graxos da família n-3. / This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance, nutrient digestibility, quantitative parameters of carcass, and qualitative and sensory parameters of meat in feedlot-finished lambs fed diets with increasing levels of marine algae meal inclusion. Thirty-two newly weaned 60-day-old uncastrated Ile de France lambs weighing 20.0 ± 0.2 kg body weight were used. The animals were housed in invidual pens and slaughtered at 35.0 ± 0.2 kg. The treatments were composed of four diets: D0- corn silage + concentrate without algae meal; D2- corn silage + concentrate + 2% algae meal; D4- corn silage + concentrate + 4% algae meal; and D6- corn silage + concentrate + 6% algae meal. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 40:60, and diets were formulated with similar protein (15%) and energy (3.3 Mcal digestible energy/kg DM) contents. The data were evaluated in a completely randomized experimental design, with four treatments and eight replications. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. The algae meal contente were broken down into linear, quadratic and cubic effects. Marine algae meal levels influenced (P<0.05) nutrient intake, with a linear decrease seen in DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and GE; the opposite effect was found on EE, which increased linearly. Likewise, nutrient digestibility was influenced (P<0.05) by the algae meal levels, which linearly reduced the digestibilities of DM, OM, NDF, ADF, TC, and NFC. The digestibility of the EE fraction rose linearly (P<0.05), whereas that of CP responded (P<0.05) quadratically. Liver weight increased (P<0.05) linearly. Rumen papillary measurements in the lambs decreased (P<0.05) as the meal was included in the diet. In the performance trial, a linear increase (P<0.05) was observed for days in the feedlot, while dry matter intake and average daily weight gain decreased linearly. Feed conversion did not change (P>0.05). The yields of carcass and primal cuts, chilling losses, and longissimus muscle measurements did not differ (P>0.05). Likewise, no significant differences were observed for the lamb meat physicochemical traits. Sensory analysis revealed a linear (P<0.05) decrease in the attributes aroma, taste, and consumers’ purchase intention. Dietary inclusion of marine algae meal did not influence (P>0.05) the centesimal composition of lamb meat. The meat cholesterol content decreased linearly (P<0.05) and lipid oxidation responded in the opposite direction, increasing linearly. In the fatty acid profile, increasing linear (P<0.05) effects were found for the concentrations of 16:0, 17:0, 18:1 n-7, 18:2 c9t11, 20:5 n-3, and 22:6 n-3 fatty acids, while 18:0, 18:1 n-9, and 18:2 n-6 decreased linearly. Concentrations of MUFA and PUFA and MUFA:SFA and PUFA:SFA ratios had a quadratic response (P<0.05). The treatments elicited a linear decrease (P<0.05) in total n6 fatty acids, while fatty acids of the n-3 family and n-6:n-3 ratio responded quadratically. The desaturase-16 enzyme activity declined linearly (P<0.05). Elongase activity, atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, hyper- and hypo-cholesterolemic fatty acid concentrations, and h:H ratio responded quadratically (P<0.05). The marine algae meal did not show an interesting alternative, since consumption and the digestibility of the nutrients is impaired, leading to lower performance of the animals. The increase of palmitic acid in the lamb meat overlies all the benefits inherent to the n-3 family of fatty acids. / FAPESP: 16/02311-1

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Considerando que os mÃtodos e abordagens desenvolvidos ao longo dos sÃculos pouco exploraram a metÃfora e reconhecendo a sua importÃncia no processo de ensino/aprendizagem de InglÃs como LÃngua Estrangeira (ILE), este estudo investiga esse seu papel como elemento facilitador, tanto descrevendo o tratamento que lhe à dado nos manuais didÃticos, quanto analisando se a instruÃÃo sobre mapeamentos metafÃricos e esquemas imagÃticos pertinentes à linguagem figurada contribui para uma melhor compreensÃo do aprendiz. Este trabalho apresenta inicialmente a visÃo clÃssica da metÃfora, que priorizou a lÃgica e a abstraÃÃo, contrapondo, a essa perspectiva, a visÃo experiencialista, que considera a metÃfora instrumento de organizaÃÃo e produÃÃo cognitiva. Essa visÃo tem como base a Teoria da MetÃfora Conceitual, de Lakoff e Johnson (1980, 1999) e as valiosas contribuiÃÃes de Grady (1997a). A metodologia adotada em cada uma das duas investigaÃÃes: a documental (que examinou a abordagem nos manuais didÃticos) e a semi-experimental (que tem o seu foco na anÃlise do papel da metÃfora como facilitadora da compreensÃo do aprendiz de lÃngua estrangeira), assim como todos os procedimentos adotados para obtenÃÃo e anÃlise dos dados sÃo, entÃo, descritos. Em seguida, os resultados sÃo apresentados e discutidos. / Based on the fact that teaching/learning methods and approaches developed in previous centuries haven`t focused on metaphor and taking into account how important it has become to the teaching/learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), this study investigates the role of metaphor as an element which can favor this process.This investigation not only describes the treatment which is given to it in sets of books used in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses, but also evaluates if the instruction on metaphoric mappings and image schemas which belong in the figurative language contribute to a better understanding on the learner`s part. First, it presents the traditional view of metaphor, which emphasized logic and abstraction, in opposition to the experiential view, which considers metaphor an instrument of cognitive organization and production. This concept is based on Lakoff and Johnson`s (1980, 1999) Theory of Conceptual Metaphor, as well as on Grady`s (1997a) important contributions. The methods used in the documental investigation (which examines the approach in the sets of books), and those used in the semi-experimental one (which investigates if metaphor favors the learner`s understanding), as well as all the proceedings used to obtain and analyze the specific data are then described. Following that, the results are presented and discussed.

Agustín Espinosa (1897-1939) fut un auteur célèbre à son époque puis oublié sous le franquisme. Son oeuvre s’adapte à tous les courants culturels de son temps : du modernisme de ses poèmes de jeunesse, aux avant-gardes espagnoles –inspirées par La déshumanisation de l’art d’Ortega y Gasset-, en passant par le surréalisme français et, enfin, par le style d’inspiration fasciste –durant la guerre civile-. Cette Thèse a récupéré toutes les collaborations d’Espinosa aux journaux phalangistes, qui n’avaient jamais été rééditées après sa mort, afin de les analyser au même titre que l’ensemble de ses articles d’avant-guerre, dans le but de démontrer que l’écriture d’Espinosa garde une véritable unicité. Certes, malgré un parcours éclectique, Espinosa fait preuve dans tous ces textes d’une grande inventivité stylistique et d’une érudition sans bornes. L’homogénéité de sa prose découle aussi des mythes qui inspirent Espinosa et des métamorphoses qu’il leur impose, créant ainsi un système littéraire qui véhicule sa vision du monde. L’on a donc étudié les mythes d’Espinosa et leurs métamorphoses par rapport à l’espace –contextes littéraire et géographique-, aux idéologies –« casticisme » et extrémismes politiques- et à la représentation des mythes littéraires –des animaux, des hommes et des femmes-. Ce schéma d’analyse se veut le plus exhaustif possible, tenant compte de la complexité d’Espinosa, un auteur radical et obscur, même si l’on a bien conscience de ne pas avoir pu résoudre toutes les énigmes que son oeuvre continue de poser. / Agustin Espinosa (1897-1939) was a famous author in his lifetime but forgotten under Franco. His work adapts all the main cultural movements of the era: he passes from the modernism of his youthful poems, to Spanish avant-garde movements (inspired by Ortega y Gasset’s Dehumanisation of art), to French surrealism, and, finally, to a style inspired by the Fascism of the Spanish Civil War. This Thesis has brought together all Espinosa’s collaborations with Fascist journals, which were never reedited after his death, and analyses them within the same framework as articles written before the war. The objective is to show how Espinosa’s writing is marked by a real consistency and continuity throughout his career. In spite of what is, to be sure, an eclectic development as a writer, Espinosa reveals a great inventiveness of style and a seemingly limitless erudition in all his texts. The homogeneity of his prose also originates from the myths that inspire him, and the way he transforms them, thus creating a literary system that drives his vision of the world. Espinosa’s myths and their metamorphoses have thus been studied in relation to space (geographical and literary contexts); ideologies (‘caste-systems’ and political extremisms); and the representation of literary myths (animals, men and women). Thus structured, this analysis aims to be the most exhaustive possible; it accounts for Espinosa’s complexity as a radical and obscure author, while recognising fully that not all the enigmas in his work have yet been fully resolved.

Dans le cadre du développement durable, quelles sont les réponses apportées en l’Ile-de-France au problème du mal-logement ? Quelles sont les failles dans la répartition spatiale de l’habitat et dans le parcours résidentiel des ménages, avec tous les aspects socio-économiques, sociologiques, symboliques et environnementaux ? Les politiques de la ville en Ile-de-France, appliquées dans un cadre républicain et très hiérarchisé, n’ont donné, depuis 1980, que des résultats médiocres pour le logement HLM ou social de fait. En Seine-Saint-Denis, des maitrises d’œuvre urbaine et sociale de lutte contre l’insalubrité d’habitats privés ont apporté des résultats intéressants. Mais elles restent, de par leur complexité, limitées en nombre. Pourtant, La fonction première d’une cité n’est-elle pas de loger ses habitants et ses nouveaux venus ? Les objectifs de l’État et des collectivités territoriales ne sont-ils pas d’apporter un cadre urbain sain et agréable, de construire une bonne « image » de chaque agglomération, dans un contexte de concurrence à différentes échelles ? Une étude de l’habitat londonien et sa comparaison avec celui de l’Ile-de-France, permet de voir des conceptions du logement et des solutions appliquées outre-Manche susceptibles d’apporter des éléments intéressant pour résoudre le problème du mal-logement. L’organisation juridique de l’immobilier britannique, et une gouvernance du logement plus communautariste et plus proche des habitants, ont permis d’apporter plus d’efficacité aux actions publiques liées aux habitations sociales. La gestion de proximité, très présente et très incarnée à Londres, développe la prévention de conflits et permet une bonne réactivité des autorités régionales et locales vis-à-vis des habitants de logements sociaux privés ou publics. Cette proximité va de pair avec un management très démocratique et délégatif. Mais la capitale londonienne doit gérer la gentrification de certains de ses quartiers et l’augmentation des disparités socio-économiques.Parallèlement, des problèmes environnementaux connexes au logement imposent aux collectivités territoriales, et à leurs habitants, d’adapter leurs modes de gouvernance et de vie. La création de liens sociaux et de partenariats, à différentes échelles, dans des contextes moins centralisés, sont susceptibles d’apporter plus d’efficacité dans l’organisation urbaine et sociale de l’Ile-de-France et de Londres. / In the sustainable development framework, what are the answers in the Ile-de-France Region to deprived housing? What are the flaws in the spatial distribution of housing and in the residential history of the households, with all the socio-economic, sociological, symbolic and environmental aspects?The city policies in the Ile-de-France region, applied in a Republican and very hierarchical framework, have given, since 1980, only mediocre results to council housing or de facto social habitat. In the département of Seine-Saint-Denis, urban and social works against private habitats insalubrity have provided interesting results. But they remain, because of their complexity, limited in numbers. However, is it not the first function of a city to accommodate its residents and newcomers? Aren’t the objectives of the State and local authorities to provide a healthy and pleasant urban environment, and to build a good "image" of each city in a context that is competitive at different scales?The study of the London housing, and its comparison with the one of the Ile-de-France Region, shows housing conceptions and applied solutions in Britain that could provide interesting elements to solve the problem of deprived habitat. The legal structure of the British real estate, and governance that is more communitarian and closer to the inhabitants, helped to bring more efficiency to public actions related to social housing. Local management, very present and very embodied in London, develops conflicts prevention and enhances the local authorities’ responsiveness vis-à-vis the residents of private and public housing. This proximity is associated with a very democratic and delegative management. But the British capital must manage the gentrification of some of its areas and the increase of socio-economic disparities.Meanwhile, environmental issues related to housing require the local authorities, and their inhabitants, to adapt their modes of governance and life. The creation of social ties and partnerships at different levels, in less centralized frameworks, are likely to bring more efficiency in the urban and social organization of the Ile-de-France and London regions.

Avec le renforcement des frontières extérieures de l'Union européenne, les îles en Méditerranée sont devenues des lieux clés de la politique de contrôle migratoire. Cette thèse s'intéresse au cas de Malte. A l'appui des « governmentality studies », cette thèse pose les questions suivantes : comment les migrants deviennent-ils l'objet de stratégies gouvernementales depuis l'adhésion de l'île-Etat à l'Union européenne en 2004 et comment y réagissent-ils par leurs pratiques ? La littérature sur le contrôle migratoire tend à étudier soit les décideurs, soit les populations cibles. En cela, ce champ d'étude a tendance à reproduire la déconnexion opérée par les politiques publiques entre gouvernés et gouvernants. Prenant le contre-pied de ces approches, cette déconnexion constitue l'objet de cette recherche. La fabrique du contrôle migratoire est envisagée comme un processus auquel prennent part, tout en étant déconnectés, tant les récepteurs que les concepteurs. Ces derniers exercent leur « agency » dans une relation de pouvoir asymétrique. Dans cette perspective, je proposerai le concept de « gouvernementalité » transnationale à partir de l'étude de la construction des migrations subsahariennes à Malte comme problème européen, de l'enfermement des migrants sur l'île et des politiques de relocalisation et de réinstallation. Je montre que la « gouvernementalité » transnationale des migrations repose en partie sur l'exercice de la violence. Si l'enfermement systématique à l'arrivée peut être prolongé jusqu'à 18 mois, les migrants sont néanmoins mobiles. A ce titre, ils constituent les véritables acteurs transnationaux de cette forme particulière de « gouvernementalité » / Due to the strengthening of the external borders of the European Union (EU), the islands of the Mediterranean became key sites of migration control policies. This doctoral research focuses on the case of Malta. Using governmentality studies as a theoretical framework, this dissertation asks the following questions: how have migrants become the object of governmental strategies following the accession of the island-state to the EU on 2004 and how have migrants reacted to them ? The literature on migration control tends to study either policy-makers or target population. In doing so, it reproduces the disconnection between those who govern and those who are governed. To the contrary, this disconnection is at the centre of my research. I consider migration control as a process involving both policy-makers and beneficiaries, even if they are disconnected. They are subjected to asymmetrical power relations in which they both exercise agency. Following this perspective, I use the concept of transnational governmentality to study how migrants in Malta are constructed as an EU problem, how they are detained on the island and become the object of relocation and resettlement policies. I demonstrate that transnational governmentality partly relies on the exercise of physical violence. Mandatory detention is implemented upon arrival and can last up to 18 months. Although migrants are presented as immobilised populations, they are actually mobile. As such, they are the real transnational actors of governmentality

Penser l’île de manière théorique, comme espace de la finitude, de l’isolement, mais aussi lieu comme espace primordial pour l’étude du changement, est nécessaire ; même si à première vue la théorie ne semble pas souvent être en phase avec la "réalité". Cette recherche proposera donc une traversée du XXe siècle, afin de mener une observation des changements majeurs ayant marqué les espaces insulaires (principalement les îles intégrées dans le giron de l’Union Européenne), et les progressives prises de conscience des déséquilibres créés. Deux archipels servent de supports à cette réflexion : les Açores (Portugal) et les Hébrides (Ecosse, Royaume-Uni). Une idée centrale teinte ce voyage : même face à un passé marqué par les dépendances (économique, politique, énergétique…), par la déprise et des problèmes environnementaux, subsiste toujours un potentiel permettant de réinventer ces îles, les faisant évoluer vers des logiques nouvelles. Ce potentiel surgit en s’appuyant sur l’image idéelle et rêvée de l’île que nous portons tous en nous ; nos représentations d’une île qui n’existe souvent plus (ou qui n’a jamais existé), mais qui vit dans les esprits et nous fait rêver. En ce début de XXIe siècle n’est-on pas en train d’assister à l’émergence d’une nouvelle insularité, où île réelle et île rêvée peuvent enfin coïncider ? / Theoretically considering the islands as ended and isolated spaces but also as important spaces for studies of changes is a necessity, even if theory does not seem to match reality at first sight. This work provides an understanding of the major changes that marked islands spaces, and the progressive awakening of consciousness about the imbalances caused by these changes all through the XXth century. It is based on the study of two archipelagos: the Azores (Portugal) and the Hebrides (Scotland, UK). One major idea units this work: despite a past marked by various dependences (economy, politics, energy, etc.), environmental problems and land abandoning, islands can still evolve by using completely new ways of thinking. This capacity to evolve easily rises from perceptions and dreams we all have concerning islands, sometimes based on ideas of islands that often exists no more (if they had ever existed) but persist in our mind and make us dream. Nowadays, at the beginning of the XXIst century, are we not witnessing the rise of a new way of thinking islands, where real island and dreamed island can be combined?

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the status of the region of Ile-de-France using a comparison of indicators within the PEST analysis and a survey questionnaire that identifies factors that affect business conditions in cooperation with the Czech Republic. In this thesis there are described the most important information about Ile-de-France, socio-cultural and economic characteristics, the business environment of the region and the relations between the Czech Republic and the region of Ile-de-France. The survey questionnaire was given to 46 Czech companies which entered the market of the region of Ile-de-France. Also the survey questionnaire and the results of the PEST analysis helped to identify opportunities and threats for Czech companies that intend to enter the regional market. In conclusion, there is an evaluation of what type of companies has a chance of success when entering and how it is possible to enhance cooperation between the region of Ile-de-France and the Czech Republic.

Pas de résumé / No summary

No description available.