Conception assistée par ordinateur de circuits électroniques. Adaptation et perfectionnement d'outils de simulation efficaces des processus de conception et de réalisation. Elaboration d'outils nouveaux. Simulation et optimisation de circuits analogiques.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-29T19:39:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelaFaustinoLacerdaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 5684674 bytes, checksum: 3dacbe77213824eafb322509b6e0ab0c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-03T00:18:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelaFaustinoLacerdaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 5684674 bytes, checksum: 3dacbe77213824eafb322509b6e0ab0c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-03T00:18:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RafaelaFaustinoLacerdaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 5684674 bytes, checksum: 3dacbe77213824eafb322509b6e0ab0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-28 / Estudos recentes t?m demonstrado que o reconhecimento da lateralidade de m?os em uma perspectiva de segunda pessoa engaja processos de imag?tica motora. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a atividade e contribui??o das regi?es sens?rio-motoras corticais nesse processo. O objetivo do presente estudo ? mostrar como a rota??o mental de est?mulos visuais de partes do corpo influenciam o processamento neural dessas regi?es atrav?s da modula??o da atividade oscilat?ria de grupos neuronais nas faixas alfa e beta. Para tanto, realizamos a an?lise da perturba??o espectral relacionada ao evento (ERSP) do registro eletroencefalogr?fico (EEG) de 20 sujeitos engajados no reconhecimento da lateralidade de m?os apresentadas em uma tela de computador. Os resultados mostram que a supress?o da amplitude das frequ?ncias alfa e beta foi maior nas regi?es sens?rio-motoras e que caracter?sticas do est?mulo (como orienta??o da m?o, vis?o, postura de dedos e lateralidade) s?o capazes de modular esses componentes oscilat?rios em diferentes regi?es, sugerindo etapas distintas para o processamento da tarefa cognitiva. / Recent studies demonstrated that during third-person handedness recognition the subject engages motor imagery processes. However, little is known about the functional aspects of sensorimotor regions? participation in this process. The present study aims to show how motor imagery of body parts during handedness judgment influences neural processing in these regions by modulating the oscillatory behavior of neuronal populations in both the alpha and beta frequencies. Therefore, we analyzed the event-related spectral perturbation of electroencephalography (EEG) recordings of 20 subjects engaged in handedness recognition of stimuli presented on a computer screen. The results revealed the supression of both alpha and beta EEG amplitude on sensorimotor regions and that characteristics of the stimulus (such as hand orientation, vision, posture fingers and laterality) were able to modulate these oscilatory components in distinct regions, suggesting different stages of task processing.

Submitted by Diego dos Santos Borba (dborba@uffs.edu.br) on 2017-04-13T20:17:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JEREMIAS.pdf: 1290468 bytes, checksum: 911798db957a7a07487d5a06e4da71ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-13T20:17:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JEREMIAS.pdf: 1290468 bytes, checksum: 911798db957a7a07487d5a06e4da71ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-27 / Esse trabalho apresenta uma proposta de descri??o da polissemia das preposi??es ?de? e ?para? do portugu?s brasileiro, atrav?s da abordagem localista de Jackendoff (1983; 1992). De acordo com nossa pesquisa, as preposi??es ?de? e ?para? podem ser consideradas como itens poliss?micos, pois cada uma dessas preposi??es, individualmente, pode atribuir diferentes significados ao seu objeto de refer?ncia, e esses significados podem estar ligados cognitivamente por meio de uma representa??o espacial conceitual de trajet?ria. Segundo Ilari et al. (2008), as preposi??es ?de? e ?para? s?o preposi??es que ocupam posi??es de ponto de origem e ponto final, respectivamente, em uma trajet?ria espacial de eixo horizontal. No entanto, o uso b?sico dessas preposi??es, ou seja, aquele em que conseguimos interpretar um significado diretamente ligado a um espa?o f?sico, pode ser estendido para outros significados, que podem ser interpretados conceptualmente como espaciais. Para uma interpreta??o metaf?rica do esquema imag?tico de trajet?ria, Jackendoff (1983; 1992) prop?e a Hip?tese de Rela??o Tem?tica, em que os significados espaciais conceituais das preposi??es, podem ser explicados atrav?s de campos sem?nticos distintos. Essa possibilidade de extens?o, para significados espaciais conceituais, ? baseada na experi?ncia corporificada dos falantes, pois quando interpretamos, de maneira conceitual, um item lexical, afirmamos que o mundo real nos fornece o substrato para nossas percep??es sensoriais e as conceitua??es decorrentes dele. Atrav?s dessa experi?ncia, constru?mos inconscientemente experi?ncias estruturais de significados, que s?o esquemas imag?ticos, e proje??es metaf?ricas (JOHNSON, 1987). Desse modo, levantamos a hip?tese de que os diferentes significados estabelecidos pelas preposi??es ?de? e ?para? podem ter rela??o entre si, isto ?, o mesmo esquema de imagem, corroborando a ideia de polissemia dessas preposi??es. Propomos que, atrav?s da corporifica??o, o falante ? capaz de estender, cognitivamente, o significado de um item lexical para outros significados conceituais, ou seja, o uso espacial b?sico de uma preposi??o pode ser estendido para usos metaf?ricos, cuja interpreta??o, de car?ter espacial, pode ser resgatada atrav?s dos campos sem?nticos propostos por Jackendoff (1983; 1992). Os campos sem?nticos que tratamos nessa pesquisa s?o: Temporal, Possessional, Identificacional, Circunstancial e Existencial. Desse modo, estabelecemos como objetivos de pesquisa: a) a apresenta??o das rela??es de significados estabelecidas pelas preposi??es ?de? e ?para?; b) a apresenta??o do processo cognitivo de experi?ncia corporificada; c) a apresenta??o do esquema imag?tico dessas duas preposi??es e d) a conex?o dos campos sem?nticos n?o espaciais, das rela??es de significados dessas preposi??es, com uma abordagem localista. Como metodologia de pesquisa, faremos an?lises das rela??es sem?nticas de senten?as do portugu?s brasileiro, em que as preposi??es ?de? e ?para? estabelecem rela??es de significado, buscando identificar, por meio da teoria de Hip?tese de Rela??o Tem?tica, a rela??o dos significados conceituais, de seus respectivos campos sem?nticos, com os significados espaciais de base. / This work employs Jackendoff?s localist approach (1983; 1992) to advance a proposal for a description of the polysemy of prepositions ?from? and ?to? in Brazilian Portuguese. According to our research, prepositions ?from? and ?to? can be considered polysemic items, given that each of these prepositions, individually, can attribute different meanings to its object of reference and these meanings can be cognitively related by a spatial-conceptual representation of trajectory. According to Ilari et al. (2008), the prepositions ?from? and ?to? occupy the origin and the final positions, respectively, in a spatial trajectory of the horizontal axis. However, the basic use of these prepositions, that is, the one in which we are able to interpret a meaning directly related to a physical space, can be extended to other meanings that can be conceptually interpreted as spatial. For a metaphoric interpretation of the imagetic scheme of the trajectory, Jackendoff (1983; 1992) proposes the Thematic Relation Hypothesis, according to which the spatial-conceptual spaces of prepositions can be explained through distinct semantic fields. This possibility of extension for spatial-conceptual meanings is based on the embodied experience of the speakers, because when we interpret conceptually a lexical item, we state that the real world furnishes us a substratum for our sensorial perceptions and for the conceptualizations that follow from it. Through this experience we unconsciously build structural experiences of meanings that are imagetic schemes, and metaphoric projections (JOHNSON, 1987). Thus, we hypothesize that the different meanings established by prepositions ?from? and ?to? can be related among themselves, that is, they have the same image scheme, corroborating the idea of a polysemy for these prepositions. We propose that through embodiment the speaker is able to extend cognitively the meaning of a lexical item to other conceptual meanings, that is, the basic spatial use of a preposition can be extended to metaphoric uses whose interpretation, of a spatial character, can be recovered through the semantic fields proposed by Jackendoff (1983; 1992). The semantic fields we shall deal with in this work are: Temporal, Possessional, Identificational, Circumstantial and Existential. Thus, we establish as the goals of our research as follows: a) to present the meaning relations established by prepositions ?from? and ?to?; b) to present the congnitive process of the embodied experience; c) to present the imagetic scheme of these two prepositions and d) the connection of non-spatial semantic fields, of the semantic relations of these propositions, within a localist approach. As our research methodology, we will analyze the semantic relations of Brazilian Portuguese sentences in which prepositions ?from? and ?to? establish meaning relationships, trying to identify, through the theory of the Thematic Relation Hypothesis, the relation of conceptual meanings, their respective semantic fields, with special base meanings.

O diabetes, relacionado ao estresse celular, altera consideravelmente a cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas. O látex da seringueira Hevea brasiliensis tem se apresentado como importante indutor da cicatrização especialmente nas ulcerações comprometidas pelo diabetes no qual foi observado clinicamente estímulo do látex à total reepitelização. Foram avaliadas as modificações teciduais e os mecanismos de ação da fração proteica (F1) do látex na cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas em ratos diabéticos e não diabéticos. Inicialmente, foi testada a citotoxicidade da F1 em culturas de fibroblastos NIH-3T3 e queratinócitos humanos pelo método MTT. Em seguida, foram utilizados 80 ratos Wistar, dos quais 40 foram induzidos ao diabetes (DM) (por streptozotocina 45 mg/Kg) e 40 não-diabéticos (N), submetidos a úlceras dorsais por punch (1,5 cm de diâmetro), as quais foram tratadas com gel de carboximetil-celulose (CMC) 4% (DM/N-sham) e CMC+F1 0,01% (DM/N-F1), seguidos por 2, 7, 14 e 21 dias após a lesão. Após eutanasiados 10 animais/tempo/grupo, biópsias da pele/úlcera/cicatriz foram coletadas para estudo da reepitelização pelo cálculo do índice de cicatrização; histomorfometria (HE e Gomori) para quantificação de infiltrado inflamatório, vasos, fibroblastos e % da área de colágeno; imunoistoquímica para OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, VEGF, eNOS, TGF-1, IGF, e sinalizadores da insulina: IRS, AKT, SHC e ERK; dosagem do estresse oxidativo (NO-óxido nítrico, LPM-lipoperóxidos de membranas, MPO-mieloperoxidase, MDA-malondialdeído, FOX-H2O2 e defesas antioxidantes: GSH-glutationa e TRAP-Capacidade Antioxidante Total e citometria de fluxo para CD11b+, CD4+ e CD8+. A fração F1 apresentou-se atóxica em relação às culturas de fibroblastos NHI-3T3 e queratinócitos humanos. Além disso, a pele diabética (sem tratamento) apresentou maior quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório (p=0,0001) e estresse oxidativo [NO (p=0,0473) e LPM (p=0,0001)] que a não diabética. No entanto, o DM diminuiu na pele os níveis de angiogênese (p=0,0001), VEGF (p=0,0002) e eNOS (p=0,0206) bem como a sinalização da insulina (IRS-p=0,0001, AKT-p=0,0041, SHC-p=0,0006, ERK-p=0,0002) em relação dos não diabéticos. Quando a proteína F1 foi utilizada no tratamento das úlceras dos ratos diabéticos, houve importante quimiotaxia de células inflamatórias para a úlcera até o 7° dia (p=0,0452), especialmente PMN, com maior estresse oxidativo [OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, NO, MPO, FOX e LPM (p=0,0001)], além de assemelhar-se à cicatrização normal (grupo N sham). Este estímulo à fase inflamatória e ao estresse oxidativo pareceu favorecer as próximas fases da cicatrização, aumentando a angiogênese, VEGF e eNOS no 14° e 21° dia, o que certamente favoreceu a reepitelização (p=0,0026). Os efeitos da associação F1 x DM também pareceu estimular a fibroplasia no 14° e 21° dia (p=0,0121) e colagênese (p=0,0001). Além disso, F1 associada ao DM permitiu maior expressão de IRS, SHC e ERK diferente do DM sham e também semelhante ao N sham. Sendo assim, o maior recrutamento de células inflamatórias, estímulo à produção de citocinas e fatores de crescimento, o estresse oxidativo desencadeado até o 14° dia, o importante estímulo à fibroplasia e colagênese bem como a importante ativação da sinalização da insulina, outrora diminuída nos diabéticos, foram fatores essenciais que permitiram a total reepitelização das úlceras cutâneas tratadas com F1 nos ratos diabéticos. / Diabetes, stress-related cellular changes considerably the healing of skin ulcers. The latex of the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis has emerged as an important inducer of healing ulcerations especially in compromised by diabetes in which it was clinically observed stimulation of latex to complete reepithelialization. We evaluated the tissue changes and the mechanisms of action of the protein fraction (F1) of the latex on the healing of cutaneous ulcers in diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Initially, we tested the cytotoxicity of F1 in cultured fibroblasts NIH-3T3 and human keratinocytes by MTT method. Then, we used 80 Wistar rats, of which 40 were induced diabetes (DM) (by streptozotocin 45 mg / kg) and 40 non-diabetic (N), dorsal ulcers underwent punch (1.5 cm diameter) , which were treated with gel of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 4% (MD / N-sham) or CMC 0.01% + F1 (DM/N-F1), followed by 2, 7, 14 and 21 days after injury. After euthanized 10 animals / time / group, biopsies of skin / ulcer / scar were collected for the study of reepithelialization by calculating the rate of healing; histomorphometry (HE and Gomori) for quantification of inflammatory infiltrate, vessels, fibroblasts and collagen% of the area ; immunohistochemistry for OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, VEGF, eNOS, TGF-1, IGF and insulin signaling: the IRS, AKT, ERK and SHC; dose of oxidative stress (NO, nitric oxide, LPM-membrane lipoperoxides, MPO, myeloperoxidase, MDA-malondialdehyde, FOX-H2O2 and antioxidant defenses: GSH-glutathione and TRAP-total antioxidant capacity and flow cytometry for CD11b +, CD4 + and CD8 +. fraction F1 presented nontoxic of cultures fibroblast NIH- 3T3 cells and human keratinocytes. In addition, diabetic skin (no treatment) had higher amounts of inflammatory infiltrate (p = 0.0001) and oxidative stress [NO (p = 0.0473) and LPM (p = 0.0001)] that non-diabetic. However, DM skin decreased levels of angiogenesis (p = 0.0001), VEGF (p = 0.0002) and eNOS (p = 0.0206) as well as insulin signaling (IRS P = 0.0001, p = 0.0041 AKT-,-SCH p = 0.0006, ERK-p = .0002) than non-diabetic subjects. When the F1 protein was used in the treatment of ulcers of diabetic rats , there was a significant chemotaxis of inflammatory cells for the ulcer to the 7th day (p = 0.0452), especially PMN with higher oxidative stress [OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, NO, MPO, FOX and LPM (p = 0 , 0001)], and resemble the normal healing (sham group N). This stimulation of the inflammatory and oxidative stress seemed to favor the next phases of wound healing by increasing angiogenesis, VEGF and eNOS in 14 and 21 days , which certainly favored the re-epithelialization (p = 0.0026). The effects of the combination F1 x DM also appeared to stimulate fibroplasia in 14 and 21 days (p = 0.0121) and collagenesis (p = 0.0001). In addition, F1 associated with DM allowed a greater expression of IRS, SHC and ERK different from sham DM and also similar to N sham. Thus, the increased recruitment of inflammatory cells, stimulate the production of cytokines and growth factors, stress oxidative triggered until the 14th day, the important stimulus to fibroplasia and collagenesis well as the important activation of insulin signaling, once diminished in diabetics, were key factors that allowed total reepithelialization of cutaneous wounds treated with F1 in diabetic rats.

L'imagerie photoacoustique est une modalité d'imagerie fonctionnelle basée sur la génération d'ondes acoustiques par des tissus soumis à une illumination optique (impulsion laser). L'utilisation de différentes longueurs d'ondes optiques permet la discrimination des milieux imagés. Cette modalité est prometteuse pour de nombreuses applications médicales liées, par exemple, à la croissance, au vieillissement et à l'évolution de la vascularisation des tissus. En effet, l'accès à l'oxygénation du sang dans les tissus est rendu possible par l'imagerie photoacoustique. Cela permet, entre autres applications, la discrimination de tumeurs bénignes ou malignes et la datation de la mort tissulaire (nécrose). Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif principal la construction d'une chaîne de traitement des données photoacoustiques multispectrales pour le calcul de l'oxygénation du sang dans les tissus. Les principales étapes sont, d'une part, la discrimination des données (clustering), pour extraire les zones d'intérêt, et d'autre part, la quantification des différents constituants présents dans celles-ci (unmixing). Plusieurs méthodes non supervisées de discrimination et de quantification ont été développées et leurs performances comparées sur des données photoacoustiques multispectrales expérimentales. Celles-ci ont été acquises sur la plateforme photoacoustique du laboratoire, lors de collaborations avec d'autres laboratoires et également sur un système commercial. Pour la validation des méthodes développées, de nombreux fantômes contenant différents absorbeurs optiques ont été conçus. Lors du séjour de cotutelle de thèse en Italie, des modes d'imagerie spécifiques pour l'imagerie photoacoustique 2D et 3D temps-réel ont été développés sur un échographe de recherche. Enfin, des acquisitions in vivo sur modèle animal (souris) au moyen d'un système commercial ont été réalisées pour valider ces développements. / Photoacoustic imaging is a functional technique based on the creation of acoustic waves from tissues excited by an optical source (laser pulses). The illumination of a region of interest, with a range of optical wavelengths, allows the discrimination of the imaged media. This modality is promising for various medical applications in which growth, aging and evolution of tissue vascularization have to be studied. Thereby, photoacoustic imaging provides access to blood oxygenation in biological tissues and also allows the discrimination of benign or malignant tumors and the dating of tissue death (necrosis). The present thesis aims at developing a multispectral photoacoustic image processing chain for the calculation of blood oxygenation in biological tissues. The main steps are, first, the data discrimination (clustering), to extract the regions of interest, and second, the quantification of the different media in these regions (unmixing). Several unsupervised clustering and unmixing methods have been developed and their performance compared on experimental multispectral photoacoustic data. They were acquired on the experimental photoacoustic platform of the laboratory, during collaborations with other laboratories and also on a commercial system. For the validation of the developed methods, many phantoms containing different optical absorbers have been produced. During the co-supervision stay in Italy, specific imaging modes for 2D and 3D real-time photoacoustic imaging were developed on a research scanner. Finally, in vivo acquisitions using a commercial system were conducted on animal model (mouse) to validate these developments.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-11T18:12:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaCavalcantiSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 19571261 bytes, checksum: d85bb1e84f493d266a87d1c8c5f7242f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-19T21:15:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaCavalcantiSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 19571261 bytes, checksum: d85bb1e84f493d266a87d1c8c5f7242f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T21:15:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VirginiaCavalcantiSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 19571261 bytes, checksum: d85bb1e84f493d266a87d1c8c5f7242f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / Esta disserta??o sugere ambientes sonoros a partir da proposta de imagens configuradas segundo a descri??o do texto ?A Visagem da Mo?a Caetana? de Ariano Suassuna, a fim de gerar possibilidades sonoras individuais que auxiliem os instrumentistas na interpreta??o da pe?a. O ciclo composto em 1996 - para canto, viola, violoncelo e clarone/clarineta - ? constitu?do por tr?s can??es sem t?tulo. Seu texto foi extra?do do ?Folheto XLIV?, do Romance d?A Pedra do Reino e o pr?ncipe do sangue do vai-e-volta, e descreve uma senten?a de morte ilustrada por s?mbolos do imagin?rio Armorial, usando neologismos e fon?tica peculiar do Sert?o nordestino. Al?m da an?lise das dificuldades t?cnicas de execu??o, este trabalho informa os int?rpretes quanto a timbres e texturas sonoras utilizadas por Nelson Almeida para retratar o tradicional atrav?s da linguagem musical contempor?nea. As met?foras e as transgress?es do racional no texto de Suassuna foram exploradas para esbo?ar tr?s composi??es de imagens que conduzam os int?rpretes ? descri??o sonora dos objetos inanimados e dos afetos a que se refere a poesia, extrapolando as indica??es t?cnico-interpretativas limitadas pela nota??o musical. A pesquisa se valeu da pr?pria partitura, da literatura existente sobre o tema, de discuss?es com os instrumentistas que j? executaram a obra, de entrevistas com o compositor e de depoimentos de outros compositores inseridos nesse contexto. Para ilustrar a teoria, as tr?s imagens gravadas em xilogravura s?o disponibilizadas como na literatura de cordel. / This study suggests sonorous ambiences from the propose of images configured according to the description in ?A Visagem da Mo?a Caetana? by Ariano Suassuna in order to create individual sonorous possibilities that may help musicians to play the piece. The cycle, composed in 1996 (for voice, viola, cello, bass clarinet/clarinet), is formed by three untitled songs. Its text is an excerpt from the ?Folheto XLIV?, from the Romance d?A Pedra do Reino e o pr?ncipe do sangue do vai-e-volta, and describes a sentence of death illustrated by symbols of the Armorial imagery, with neologisms and the peculiar accent from the Sert?o in northeast Brazil. In addition to the analysis of technical difficulties to play, this study informs interpreters of the sonorous timbre and texture used by Nelson Almeida to describe tradition through contemporary musical language. The metaphors and transgressions of reason in Suassuna?s book were explored to create three image compositions so that they may lead interpreters to the sonorous description of the inanimate objects and the affections to which the poetry refers, expanding any technical-interpretative indications limited by musical notation. This research used the Visagem scores, the literature on the theme, discussions with the musicians that played the piece, interviews with Almeida, and composers? reports. To illustrate the theory, the three images are available, printed as woodcut in cordel literature.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JuarezNL_TESE_parcial.pdf: 3587354 bytes, checksum: f627c2907f745b422a611dc049ea050d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-22 / This treatise analyzes the identitary setting called Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) which is subscribed to the discoursive materialization related to the imagetic setting (literary and mediatic) produced about the city of Recife. The main investigation of this research is to examine the way how the identitary setting called Veneza Brasileira has been constructed in the imagetic setting practices about the city of Recife in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This study is subscribed to the Applied Linguistics and considers the theoretical perspectives that come from the Cultural Studies which investigation basis is focused on authors such as: Hall (2006); Bauman (1999; 2001;2005); Silva (2000); and Castells (2000) related to the discussion over identity, as well as the discussion over Urban Studies presented in Santos (1997; 1999); Ferrara (1998); and Pesavento (2001). Moreover it is also based on the theoretical basis found in Foucault (2004; 2006; 2007). Furthermore theoretical-methodological approaches rely on the French Discourse Analysis (DA) found in Orlandi (2001); Gregolin (2007); and Courtine (2006). On being so, this treatise aims to: analyze the meaning effects over the production of the identitary setting, especially the so-called Veneza Brasileira, in the imagetic setting discoursive practices (Poems, Post Cards and Touristic Guides) which are produced over the urban setting of the city of Recife. This research is characterized by being qualitative and interpretative and the theoretical analytical approaches contributed to the reading of both poetic and iconic images presented in the excerpts of poems from the nineteenth century and early twentieth century in: Manuel Bandeira s poems, Carlos Pena Filho s poems, and Jo?o Cabral de Melo Neto s poems which were produced in the early and late twentieth century. Moreover, this study observed some photographic images in Post Cards and Touristic Guides related to the visiting of historical sites in Recife. One could conclude that the imagetic setting discourse about Recife produced different identitary effects over the so-called Veneza Brasileira along these three centuries: in the nineteenth century, the poetry constructed the utopia city along with the meaning effect of identitary unit; as for the twentieth century, one observed an oscillation between a utopia/heteroutopia city meaning effect of both united and fragmented identity, the latter one is prevalent. As for the twenty-first century, the media reconstructed over again the utopia city, and consequently, produced meaning effect of identitary unit. These same meaning effects of identity either corroborate or contradict to/with the concepts of the postmodernism over identity along these three centuries. In other words, considering the imagetic setting, this oscillation occurs in the proportion of one finds an (ex) inclusion of social agents that construct these same identities. / Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a identidade espacial Veneza Brasileira, inscrita nas materialidades discursivas imag?tico-espaciais (liter?rias e midi?ticas) produzidas sobre a cidade do Recife. A quest?o central que orienta a pesquisa ?: de que modo foi constitu?da nos s?culos (XIX, XX) e ? constitu?da hoje, no s?culo (XXI) a identidade espacial Veneza Brasileira nas pr?ticas imag?tico-espaciais sobre a cidade do Recife? Inscrita na ?rea de Ling??stica Aplicada esta pesquisa se vincula ? perspectivas advindas dos Estudos Culturais e articula investiga??es de Hall (2006), Bauman (1999,2001, 2005), SILVA (2000), Castells (2000) acerca de identidade a dos Estudos Urbanos Santos (1997, 1999), Ferrara (1998), Pesavento (2001) e teoriza??es foucaultianas (2004, 2006, 2007). Recorre-se ainda a alguns pressupostos te?rico-metodol?gicos da An?lise de Discurso Francesa (AD), Orlandi (2001), Gregolin (2007) e Courtine (2006). Define-se como objetivo da pesquisa: analisar os efeitos de sentidos da produ??o de identidades espaciais, em especial a Veneza Brasileira em pr?ticas discursivas imag?tico-espaciais (Poemas, Cart?es Postais e Guia Tur?stico) produzidas sobre o espa?o urbano da cidade do Recife. A pesquisa ? de natureza qualitativa interpretativista e os dispositivos te?ricos anal?ticos subsidiaram gestos de leitura de imagens po?ticas e ic?nicas presentes em fragmentos de poemas do s?culo XIX e 1? metade do S?culo XX, em poemas de Manuel Bandeira, Carlos Pena Filho e Jo?o Cabral de Melo Neto produzidos na 1? e 2? metade do s?culo XX e tamb?m imagens fotogr?ficas de Cart?es Postais e do Guia Tur?stico para Visita??o a Locais Hist?ricos do Recife. Conclui-se que os discursos imag?tico-espaciais sobre o Recife produziram diferentes efeitos identit?rios sobre a Veneza Brasileira durante esses tr?s s?culos: no s?culo XIX, a poesia construiu a cidade ut?pica e o efeito de sentido de unidade identit?ria; j? no s?culo XX, oscilou entre a constru??o da cidade ut?pica/heterot?pica efeito de unidade e fragmenta??o identit?ria, esse ?ltimo prevalecendo. E, no s?culo XXI, a m?dia reconstituiu novamente a cidade ut?pica e, conseq?entemente, efeitos de sentido de unidade. Estes efeitos de sentido identit?rios, ao longo destes tr?s s?culos ora corroboram ora contrariam a concep??o de identidades das teorias p?s, ? medida que, nas pr?ticas imag?tico-espaciais, ocorre a (ex) inclus?o dos agentes sociais que tamb?m constroem essas identidades.

O diabetes, relacionado ao estresse celular, altera consideravelmente a cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas. O látex da seringueira Hevea brasiliensis tem se apresentado como importante indutor da cicatrização especialmente nas ulcerações comprometidas pelo diabetes no qual foi observado clinicamente estímulo do látex à total reepitelização. Foram avaliadas as modificações teciduais e os mecanismos de ação da fração proteica (F1) do látex na cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas em ratos diabéticos e não diabéticos. Inicialmente, foi testada a citotoxicidade da F1 em culturas de fibroblastos NIH-3T3 e queratinócitos humanos pelo método MTT. Em seguida, foram utilizados 80 ratos Wistar, dos quais 40 foram induzidos ao diabetes (DM) (por streptozotocina 45 mg/Kg) e 40 não-diabéticos (N), submetidos a úlceras dorsais por punch (1,5 cm de diâmetro), as quais foram tratadas com gel de carboximetil-celulose (CMC) 4% (DM/N-sham) e CMC+F1 0,01% (DM/N-F1), seguidos por 2, 7, 14 e 21 dias após a lesão. Após eutanasiados 10 animais/tempo/grupo, biópsias da pele/úlcera/cicatriz foram coletadas para estudo da reepitelização pelo cálculo do índice de cicatrização; histomorfometria (HE e Gomori) para quantificação de infiltrado inflamatório, vasos, fibroblastos e % da área de colágeno; imunoistoquímica para OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, VEGF, eNOS, TGF-1, IGF, e sinalizadores da insulina: IRS, AKT, SHC e ERK; dosagem do estresse oxidativo (NO-óxido nítrico, LPM-lipoperóxidos de membranas, MPO-mieloperoxidase, MDA-malondialdeído, FOX-H2O2 e defesas antioxidantes: GSH-glutationa e TRAP-Capacidade Antioxidante Total e citometria de fluxo para CD11b+, CD4+ e CD8+. A fração F1 apresentou-se atóxica em relação às culturas de fibroblastos NHI-3T3 e queratinócitos humanos. Além disso, a pele diabética (sem tratamento) apresentou maior quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório (p=0,0001) e estresse oxidativo [NO (p=0,0473) e LPM (p=0,0001)] que a não diabética. No entanto, o DM diminuiu na pele os níveis de angiogênese (p=0,0001), VEGF (p=0,0002) e eNOS (p=0,0206) bem como a sinalização da insulina (IRS-p=0,0001, AKT-p=0,0041, SHC-p=0,0006, ERK-p=0,0002) em relação dos não diabéticos. Quando a proteína F1 foi utilizada no tratamento das úlceras dos ratos diabéticos, houve importante quimiotaxia de células inflamatórias para a úlcera até o 7° dia (p=0,0452), especialmente PMN, com maior estresse oxidativo [OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, NO, MPO, FOX e LPM (p=0,0001)], além de assemelhar-se à cicatrização normal (grupo N sham). Este estímulo à fase inflamatória e ao estresse oxidativo pareceu favorecer as próximas fases da cicatrização, aumentando a angiogênese, VEGF e eNOS no 14° e 21° dia, o que certamente favoreceu a reepitelização (p=0,0026). Os efeitos da associação F1 x DM também pareceu estimular a fibroplasia no 14° e 21° dia (p=0,0121) e colagênese (p=0,0001). Além disso, F1 associada ao DM permitiu maior expressão de IRS, SHC e ERK diferente do DM sham e também semelhante ao N sham. Sendo assim, o maior recrutamento de células inflamatórias, estímulo à produção de citocinas e fatores de crescimento, o estresse oxidativo desencadeado até o 14° dia, o importante estímulo à fibroplasia e colagênese bem como a importante ativação da sinalização da insulina, outrora diminuída nos diabéticos, foram fatores essenciais que permitiram a total reepitelização das úlceras cutâneas tratadas com F1 nos ratos diabéticos. / Diabetes, stress-related cellular changes considerably the healing of skin ulcers. The latex of the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis has emerged as an important inducer of healing ulcerations especially in compromised by diabetes in which it was clinically observed stimulation of latex to complete reepithelialization. We evaluated the tissue changes and the mechanisms of action of the protein fraction (F1) of the latex on the healing of cutaneous ulcers in diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Initially, we tested the cytotoxicity of F1 in cultured fibroblasts NIH-3T3 and human keratinocytes by MTT method. Then, we used 80 Wistar rats, of which 40 were induced diabetes (DM) (by streptozotocin 45 mg / kg) and 40 non-diabetic (N), dorsal ulcers underwent punch (1.5 cm diameter) , which were treated with gel of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 4% (MD / N-sham) or CMC 0.01% + F1 (DM/N-F1), followed by 2, 7, 14 and 21 days after injury. After euthanized 10 animals / time / group, biopsies of skin / ulcer / scar were collected for the study of reepithelialization by calculating the rate of healing; histomorphometry (HE and Gomori) for quantification of inflammatory infiltrate, vessels, fibroblasts and collagen% of the area ; immunohistochemistry for OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, VEGF, eNOS, TGF-1, IGF and insulin signaling: the IRS, AKT, ERK and SHC; dose of oxidative stress (NO, nitric oxide, LPM-membrane lipoperoxides, MPO, myeloperoxidase, MDA-malondialdehyde, FOX-H2O2 and antioxidant defenses: GSH-glutathione and TRAP-total antioxidant capacity and flow cytometry for CD11b +, CD4 + and CD8 +. fraction F1 presented nontoxic of cultures fibroblast NIH- 3T3 cells and human keratinocytes. In addition, diabetic skin (no treatment) had higher amounts of inflammatory infiltrate (p = 0.0001) and oxidative stress [NO (p = 0.0473) and LPM (p = 0.0001)] that non-diabetic. However, DM skin decreased levels of angiogenesis (p = 0.0001), VEGF (p = 0.0002) and eNOS (p = 0.0206) as well as insulin signaling (IRS P = 0.0001, p = 0.0041 AKT-,-SCH p = 0.0006, ERK-p = .0002) than non-diabetic subjects. When the F1 protein was used in the treatment of ulcers of diabetic rats , there was a significant chemotaxis of inflammatory cells for the ulcer to the 7th day (p = 0.0452), especially PMN with higher oxidative stress [OSM, OSMR-, iNOS, NO, MPO, FOX and LPM (p = 0 , 0001)], and resemble the normal healing (sham group N). This stimulation of the inflammatory and oxidative stress seemed to favor the next phases of wound healing by increasing angiogenesis, VEGF and eNOS in 14 and 21 days , which certainly favored the re-epithelialization (p = 0.0026). The effects of the combination F1 x DM also appeared to stimulate fibroplasia in 14 and 21 days (p = 0.0121) and collagenesis (p = 0.0001). In addition, F1 associated with DM allowed a greater expression of IRS, SHC and ERK different from sham DM and also similar to N sham. Thus, the increased recruitment of inflammatory cells, stimulate the production of cytokines and growth factors, stress oxidative triggered until the 14th day, the important stimulus to fibroplasia and collagenesis well as the important activation of insulin signaling, once diminished in diabetics, were key factors that allowed total reepithelialization of cutaneous wounds treated with F1 in diabetic rats.

No description available.

Existence of larval dorsoabdominal scent glands (DAGs) together with occurence of adult metathoracic scent glands is one of the important autapomorphic characters of taxon Heteroptera within taxon Insecta. DAGs can persist until adults in some species of this taxon. The persistence of DAGs were proved also in members of infraorder Pentatomomorpha. Targets of this thesis are: collect the knowledge about persistent adult DAGs in selected representative members of important families of taxon Pentatomomorpha; study and compare the condition of the DAGs in the oldest larval instars and adults; clarify the significance of existence the openings of conducting ductules of proper glandular units in reservoir intima of DAGs in study of the persistence of these glands. For study were used stereomicroscope, light and scanning electron microscope. Key words: Pentatomomorpha, Heteroptera, dorsoabdominal scent glands, openings of conducting ductules of glandular units, larvae of 5th instar, persistence in adults, persistence patterns, light microscope, scanning electron microscope