This thesis deals with international trade in species of parrots covered by CITES convention between European Union and third countries. The trade has been done for 2004-2010, EU annual reports were used as a basic source. Import and export data has been assessed separately. Numbers of traded specimens have been evaluated for both of these two categories. Main countries of import and export, source and purpose of trade were also identified. Subsequently, trends have been statisticaly analysed. It was found, that the trend of import of parrots specimens to EU during that period was declining, although the trend between 2006-2010 was slightly increasing. The trend of export of specimens was increasing.

Unsustainable international wildlife trade together with destruction and pollution of wild nature and spread of the invasive species, has long been recognised as a major threat to biodiversity. The subject of this thesis is an evaluation of international trade with some groups of mammals (Great apes and Rhinos) covered by CITES convention between European Union and third countries according EU Annual Reports in 2000 ? 2009. The trade has been divided into export and import and within these categories were evaluated main traded species, types of specimens, exporter and importer, source and purpose of the trade. It was found the trends of Great apes export and import increased, trend of Rhinos export decreased, the trend of Rhinos import increased over this period.

The aim of the thesis "International trade with strategically important commodities focused on crude oil" was archieved by analysis of current situation of trade with strategically important commodities focused on crude oil. Based on this analysis was integrated the Czech Republic in the internation trade with crude oil, how the state is affected by this trade and the prospect of further development of international trade with crude oil. At first was studied the theoretical solutions, which help to compose literary research. Terms as international trade, commodities, strategic commodities and crude oil were defined in this part of thesis. The attantion in another part of thesis was focused on the analysis the crude oil market. There were detected the most important world crude oil producers, states with the largest crude oil reserves, the largest consumers of oil, the major exportersv and importers of this strategic commodity and compared the world oil pruduction with crude oil consumption. The possible development of consumption and production in 2035 was also in this part outlined. Current situation on the crude oil market in the Czech Republic in 2012 showed that there are not significant crude oil reserves which would cover the consumption of the population in the country. It follows that the Czech Republic is dependent on crude oil import from Russian Federation, which may arise a varior international risks such as disruption of crude oil supplies, the use of crude oil as a political weapon or conflicts between states.

Submitted by RAFAEL RIBEIRO DE LIMA FILHO null (rafa_nailha@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-28T17:48:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Rafael Ribeiro de Lima Filho_VERSÃO FINAL_setembro_2017_def.pdf: 1915857 bytes, checksum: d34cbab3a3690cf176c7cb9f8ccc7f11 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-29T17:20:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 limafilho_rr_me_jabo.pdf: 1915857 bytes, checksum: d34cbab3a3690cf176c7cb9f8ccc7f11 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T17:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 limafilho_rr_me_jabo.pdf: 1915857 bytes, checksum: d34cbab3a3690cf176c7cb9f8ccc7f11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / O Brasil é um importador de lácteos, sendo o principal produto o leite em pó integral. As importações competem diretamente com o produto nacional e o grande volume que tem adentrado no mercado brasileiro, principalmente da Argentina e do Uruguai, prejudica a cadeia do leite no país. Assim, as importações de lácteos estão nas pautas de discussões do governo e elos da cadeia do leite no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os fatores que interferem nas importações brasileiras de leite em pó. Para isto, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa para o levantamento e análise de dados e questões relacionadas ao volume e gastos com as importações brasileiras de leite em pó, preços do produto na Argentina e no Uruguai, renda per capita no Brasil, câmbio e produção nacional de leite em pó no período de 2000 a 2016. Os dados foram submetidos a análises econométricas para a estimativa dos modelos. O preço do produto (leite em pó) importado e o preço do produto no mercado brasileiro foram as variáveis explicativas mais significativas para explicarem a demanda brasileira por importação de leite em pó. A elasticidade-preço da demanda foi igual a −2,4044, indicando que uma variação de 1% no preço médio de importação ocasiona aumento de 2,40% na quantidade importada pelo Brasil de leite em pó proveniente dos países do Mercosul. Para a variável preço doméstico a relação foi diretamente proporcional, portanto, um aumento do preço do leite em pó no mercado brasileiro ocasiona aumento das importações do produto. Comparativamente com a Argentina, o Uruguai tem papel mais relevante nas importações brasileiras. Comparativamente com a Argentina, o Uruguai tem papel mais relevante nas importações brasileiras. A elasticidade preço das importações de leite em pó uruguaio foi −4,0588 entre 2000 e 2016. / Brazil is an importer of dairy products. The main product is the whole milk powder. As imports compete directly with the national product and the great volume that has penetrated the Brazilian market, mainly of Argentina and Uruguay, they damage a milk chain in the country. Thus, dairy imports are in the guidelines of government discussions and links of the milk chain in Brazil. The objective of this work is to analyze the factors that interfere in the Brazilian imports of powdered milk. For this, a quantitative research was carried out to collect and analyze data and questions related to the volume and expenses of Brazilian imports of milk powder, product prices in Argentina, per capita income in Brazil, exchange and domestic milk production Powder in the period from 2000 to 2016. The data were submitted to econometric analysis to estimate the models. The price of the imported product (milk powder) and the price of the non-Brazilian product as the most significant explanatory variables to explain a Brazilian demand for milk powder imports. The price elasticity of demand was -2.4044, indicating that a 1% variation in the average import price caused an increase of 2.40% in the quantity imported by Brazil of milk powder in the Mercosul countries. For a variable price, the average price of the powdered product in the Brazilian market causes the increase of the imports of the product. Compared to Argentina, Uruguay plays a more important role in Brazilian imports. The price elasticity of imports of Uruguayan milk powder was -4.05882 between 2000 and 2016.

Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-15T22:49:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-22T14:06:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-22T18:09:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-22T18:12:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-22T19:44:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T11:57:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T12:57:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T13:16:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T13:34:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T17:24:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-23T17:29:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-24T12:05:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-24T12:39:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-24T16:47:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Submitted by Danielle de Almeida Mota Soares null (1309773@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-11-24T17:31:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielle pós defesa FINAL.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roberta Honorato Goria null (roberta@clp.unesp.br) on 2017-11-24T19:08:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_dam_me_arafcl.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-24T19:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_dam_me_arafcl.pdf: 1490298 bytes, checksum: 518333f82ddab2cddc2ecd9511f2c125 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A industrialização foi um processo transformador para as sociedades modernas, alterando as relações sociais e econômicas. Na África do Sul, teve a peculiaridade de ocorrer em conjunto com o regime de apartheid, o que por muitas vezes desviou os estudos acadêmicos para a negligência com os direitos humanos e relações políticas. Diante disto, o objetivo do presente estudo é fazer uma análise das motivações, contexto, condução e resultados da política de substituição de importações sul-africana, amparada na teoria disponível sobre o tema, nos estudos específicos sobre essa experiência de política e, também, em dados secundários. A industrialização da África do Sul apresenta algumas indústrias relacionadas à mineração que são fortificadas com os incentivos do Governo depois da Primeira Guerra Mundial. No pós-guerra, inicia-se uma política de substituição mais elaborada, em conjunto com a criação de estatais, outros incentivos e o apartheid. Apesar do crescimento econômico e o desenvolvimento industrial alcançados na época, o apartheid ao mesmo tempo que forneceu mão de obra barata inicialmente, potencializou as distorções causadas pela política de substituição de importações, além de causar pressão internacional e conflitos internos. / Industrialization was a transformative process for modern societies, changing social and economic relations. In South Africa, it had the peculiarity of occurring in conjunction with the apartheid regime, which has often diverted academic studies to neglect of human rights and political relations. The objective of the present study is to analyze the motivations, context, conduction and results of the South African import substitution policy, based on the available theory on the subject, in the specific studies on this policy experience, and also in secondary data. South Africa's industrialization features some mining-related industries that are fortified with government incentives after the First World War. In the post-war period, it began a more elaborate policy of substitution, in conjunction with state-building, other incentives and apartheid. Despite the economic growth and the industrial development achieved at the time, apartheid simultaneously provided cheap labor initially and potentialized the distortions caused by the import substitution policy and cause international pressure and internal conflicts.

Em decorrência das regras de preço de transferência adotadas no Brasil, os produtos ou mercadorias importados de empresas do mesmo grupo econômico ou que possuem controle comum, faz-se necessário um método de controle para que essas operações sejam lucrativas ou ao menos deem o retorno almejado para as empresas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar o que é o preço de transferência no Brasil, quais são os métodos a serem utilizados, a confecção de um controle dessas operações e a comparação da margem de contribuição de um produto que tenha ajuste de preço de transferência. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi elaborado através de publicações, livros e as leis pertinentes ao assunto. A correta interpretação e utilização dessas regras são importantes para que as empresas estejam em conformidade com o fisco brasileiro e mensurem o custo correto da operação. / As a result of transfer pricing rules adopted in Brazil, products or goods imported from companies in the same group or have common control, it is necessary a method to control such operations are profitable or at least give the desired return for businesses. This paper aims to demonstrate that the transfer price is in Brazil, which are the methods to be used, making the control of these operations and the comparison of the contribution margin of a product that has set the transfer price. The development work was done through publications, books and laws relevant to the subject. The correct use and interpretation of these rules are important for companies to comply with the Brazilian tax authorities and measure the correct cost of the operation.

In this thesis was analysed the prodecure during the import rathan goods from Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Indonesia to the Czech Republic. To alternate targets belonged comparison of the import from the countries of The European Union and from other countries from all over the world. Other alternate target was optimalisation of supply structure of organisation and suggestions of an implementation.

Esse trabalho propõe testar a presença de hysteresis na demanda por importações e no repasse cambial para o preço das importações, no período de 1996 a 2008 no Brasil, utlizando dados em painel para 29 setores industriais. Os testes para a presença de hysteresis baseiam-se no conceito de hysteresis forte fornecido pelo modelo de Preisach (1938), captadas a partir de variáveis representativas do fenômeno calculadas a partir do algoritmo de Piscitelli et al (2000). As estimações utilizam a metodologia convencional em painel, bem como métodos de estimação considerando a possibilidade de cointegração entre as variáveis. Os resultados evidenciaram a presença de hysteresis no preço e no quantum importados. Como teorizou Dixit (1989), o grau de pass-through reduz na presença do fenômeno histerético. Além disso, obtivemos que o grau de repasse cambial para o preço das importações diminuía sob a presença de hysteresis, conforme proposto por Dixit. / This research proposes to test the hysteresis hypothesis on the Brazilian import demand and the exchange rate pass-through from 1996 to 2008 in a panel from 29 industrial sectors. The hysteresis test is based on the strong hysteresis concept from Preisach model, measured by algorithm from Piscitelli et al (2000). The methodology focus on the traditional panels method and the cointegration relationship. The results indicate the presence of hysteresis at both equations. Besides, the exchange rate pass-through estimated reduced in the presence of hysteresis as proposed by Dixit (1989).

Configura Sverige AB is developing the software solutions Configura and CET Designer for companies dealing with highly configurable and complex products that also require space planning. The aim is to simplify the selling process. Configura Sverige AB has received requests from their customers to be able to read and write files according to an ISO standard called Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). IFC is an open international standard within Building Information Modeling (BIM) to exchange data between different software applications used for projects in the building industry and facility management. To assist Configura Sverige AB in a decision on how to further proceed, questions why users request IFC, how they need to work with IFC, and about possible workflows with IFC are considered in this thesis. To answer the questions, an interpretive case study method was used to view the questions from different perspectives. A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyze data, involving for example a survey among users requesting IFC and input from two different contractors requesting IFC files from these users. The results show that users have been requested by architects and contractors to supply IFC files, and a conclusion is that demands on the use of BIM and IFC within the public sector in certain countries is a major reason to these requests. The results has much focus on import and export of IFC files and on possible workflows using IFC files. With IFC files, users may be a part of a collaboration between several different disciplines within the building industry. Users need to base their work on other disciplines models, which in many cases will be the architect's IFC file. An IFC export shall only include the user's products, it will be up to another application to integrate these products in a coordination BIM. The IFC export will be used for interdisciplinary coordination, visualization and collision detection and it is important to use simple graphical representation of the products.

Le travail presenté étudie à l’exemple de la Bohême la question dans quelle mesure la naissance des oppida (ou plus largement la transformation culturelle de la Transalpine à La Tène récente) a-t-elle été influencée par des impulsions venues depuis la Méditerranée et dans quelle mesure, par contre, peut elle être expliquée comme phénomène local. La carte historique et culturelle de la problématique est analysée en détail. La question même est étudiée à travers une analyse du corpus des importations méditerranéennes en Europe Centrale, ciblée à évaluer dans le cadre de l‘Europe centrale le rôle et la position de la Bohême dans les contacts avec la Méditerranée; ensuite les correspondances et différences entre les oppida et les systèmes d’habitat dont ils font partie et les villes méditerranéennes. Les contacts du monde transalpin avec la Méditerranée paraissent constants et très significatifs pour la Transalpie, les oppida se présentent toutefois plutôt comme un phénomène local. / The presented study analyses on the example of Bohemia the question in what extent the creation of oppida (and more broadly the cultural transformation of the Transalpine world in the recent La Tène period) were influenced by Mediterranean impulses and to what extent they may be on the other hand considered as a local phenomenon. The historical and chronological background are studied in detail, the question itself is approached by an analysis of the corpus of Mediterranean imports in central Europe intended to evaluate the role of Bohemia (within the central European context) in the contacts with the Mediterranean. In the concluding chapter the oppida and their settlement systems are confronted with the Mediterranean towns. The contacts with the Mediterranean turn out to have been constant and significant for the Transalpine word, the oppida, however, seem to be a largely local phenomenon.