In the present dissertation, we study the United States’ domestic trade and domesticmigration with special focus on Politics, Foreign Import and Size. This study sheds light on the literature of International Economics, Regional Economics, and Development Economics. In Chapter 1, using a Gravity model for trade between the U.S. states and employing CFS data of the year 1993 - 2017, we find that politically and economically similar states trade more among themselves. We use three different definitions of political similarity based on election outcomes, and they all give similar results. For economic similarities, we follow the literature on Linder’s hypothesis. In Chapter 2, by using the same CFS data and Gravity model which we have used in Chapter 1, we analyze the impact of foreign imports by the States on their domestic exports. We find fairly strong support for our hypothesis that foreign imports promote domestic exports. We carry out a series of robustness checks, and the qualitative results remain the same. Chapter 3 investigates the impact of size on the U.S. inter-state migration over the period of 1998-2017 employing structural gravity model of migration. We use population, GDP and Land area as a proxy to measure the size of the states. We find that people are moving from big states to small states. We find that the American’s are moving from big states to small states. We also find that increase in income tax as a proportion of population in U.S. states, positively affect the interstate migration in the origin state but negatively affect the destination state.

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This master thesis focuses on the business plan for a new start-up firm, which will provide services in the sphere of international trade. It contains the basic information of creation of the business plan. Next are analyses of macro and micro environment of business in Czech Republic. Based on the analysis results is the worked business plan.

Diplomová práce se zabývá popisem a rozborem Franchisingu, jako možnosti investice bez většího kapitálového obnosu. Práce se orientuje na nově vstupující společnosti na český trh, a jejich možnosti financování. Práce analyzuje současnou situaci nabídek a možnosti investování do nových konceptů.

Thesis engages problems of supply boilers to fuel. Theme in thesis is divided on 3 parts. For identification with traffic apparatus, which is install in heating plant Přerov for transportation of fuel, is in first part indicated cardinal technical description of this apparatus. Below takes up general description of planned reconstruction of apparatus in heating plant Přerov. In last part was practised technical pursuit of designed resolutions of supply productive block of fuel.

Cette thèse met en évidence l’aspect macroéconomique du degré de report du taux de change sur les prix dans la zone euro. Nous utilisons un large éventail de méthodes économétriques récentes afin de fournir des mesures robustes sur la transmission du taux change ainsi que sur ses déterminants macroéconomiques. Notre recherche révèle le rôle prépondérant des facteurs macroéconomiques dans le déclin récent du degré de report. Une conséquence directe de ce résultat est que la baisse du taux de transmission du change n’est pas nécessairement un phénomène structurel, et il peut être ainsi résolu par des politiques macroéconomiques conjoncturelles. Par exemple, l’adoption de régimes de politique monétaire plus crédibles avec l’engagement de maintenir une inflation faible joue un rôle important dans la réduction de la sensibilité des prix aux variations du change. Ceci est particulièrement valable pour les pays dont les politiques macroéconomiques sont historiquement laxistes. Ainsi, la poursuite de politiques économiques solide et lisible au sein de l’UEM peut être un outil efficace pour réduire le degré de report du taux de change / This thesis highlights the macroeconomic aspect of the exchange rate pass-through to domestic prices in the euro area countries. We use a wide range of up-to-date econometric methods in order to provide robust measures of the rate of pass-through as well as to shed further light on its macro determinants. The main finding of our research is the prominent role of macroeconomic forces in driving the recent declin of the transmission of currency movements. A direct consequence of this result is that the lowering in the rate of pass-through is not necessarily a structural phenomenon and it may be solved via macroeconomic policies. For instance, the shift to a more stable monetary policy conditions with credible and anti-inflationary regime would reduce the sensibility of prices to exchange rate changes. This is especially true for countries with historically poor macroeconomic policies. Thus, a better macroeconomic management with a sounder set of policies within the EMU may be an effective tool for reducing the degree of pass-through

At present, the construction industry is growing in the worldwide, which means that business andagreements between companies can occur with any complications. International purchases have shownan increase by construction companies to reduce financial expenses in a construction project. In aninternational purchase of prefabricated concrete elements, more aspects need to be maintained for theproduct to be used in Sweden. Although international purchases are a way to reduce project costs, newobstacles and risks arise that must be managed correctly.The purpose of this report is to examine on how a certification body and construction company worksto ensure international purchases of prefabricated concrete elements reach existing Swedishrequirements. As well as highlighting the method for meeting the requirements and the environmentalimpact caused by international purchases.The certification body Nordcert, which is represents certification of products, and the constructioncompany PEAB, which is the biggest representative for international purchasing, have contributed tothis report. Through the subject reference framework, regulations, standards, certification, control andenvironmental impact have been highlighted as the basis for an international purchase to be carried outin a correct manner.The results showed a way to ensure the quality and ability of a concrete product with the help of BBCcertification and procedures for product fulfillment that are set for the Swedish market. But also,difficulties with imports such as "just-in-time" deliveries that are there to reduce the cost of aconstruction project. As they create environmental footprints at an early stage in the manufacture ofconstruction products until delivery, values between domestic and imported goods are presented usingdiagrams. Increases in imports show lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to domestic ones, butin turn cause increased emissions in the country that produces the goods.The current process for meeting the Swedish requirements for prefabricated concrete elements fromabroad is at a good level, but it also has development opportunities that will help reduce costs andenvironmental footprint. The environmental impact of the construction sector in Sweden hasdiminished from a domestic production perspective, but at the expense of increasing the environmentalfootprint of import trade, which has increased gradually.

Through empirical research the researcher gained an in-depth knowledge regarding the growth trends in the South African manufactured export industry as well as the factors determining the patterns of growth and champion industries. Finally, recommendations that may be used by relevant authorities and scholars were made. To researchers, a study at disaggregated level into the growth trends of each manufactured export sub-sector should be central to future research. / Dissertation (MA (Economics))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Economics / unrestricted

Sverige gör satsningar för att nå upp till landets egna energimål för 2030 och 2040, men också för att nå upp till de mål som kommits överens om globalt i det satta Parisavtalet. För att komma upp till dessa mål måste Sverige göra satsningar på den svenska fordonsflottan för att minska de egna utsläppen. Samtidigt sker förändringar på marknaden som rör sig mot en allt mer elektrifierad transportsektor. Den ökande andelen elbilar av den svenska fordonsflottan och utbyggnaden kring förnybar energi, som är mindre reglerbar och starkt väderberoende, ökar påfrestningen för det svenska elnätet. Med ett redan existerande effektproblem i elnätet för större svenska städer idag och en eventuellt större belastning framöver blir frågan hur effektproblematiken skall tacklas. Skall elnätet stärkas för att bli ännu mer robust eller går problemet att lösa på ett alternativt sätt genom nya olika tekniska lösningar och V2G (Vehicle to Grid) konceptet. Det är något som granskas kring i detta arbete. Frågan ställs också vilken typ av energi elkraften för elbilarna skall komma från, både i Sverige och via den import som sker. Det ges även förklaringar kring elbilen och dess tekniska komponenter samt hur lång tid en laddning kan ta vid det vardagliga körbehovet. / Sweden is making efforts to reach the country's own energy targets for 2030 and 2040, but also to reach the targets agreed globally in the agreed Paris agreement. To achieve these goals, Sweden must invest in the Swedish vehicle fleet to reduce its own emissions. At the same time, there are changes in the market that are moving towards an increasingly electrified transport sector. The increasing share of electric cars in the Swedish vehicle fleet and the expansion of renewable energy, which is less controllable and highly weather dependent, adds to the stress on the Swedish electricity grid. With an already existing power problem in the electricity grid for larger Swedish cities today and a possibly greater burden in the future, the question becomes how to tackle the power problem. Should the electricity grid be strengthened to become even more robust or the problem can be solved in an alternative way through new different technical solutions and the V2G (Vehicle to Grid) concept. This is something to be examined in this work. The question is also asked what kind of energy the electric power for the electric cars should come from, both in Sweden and via the imports that occur. Explanations are also given about the electric car and its technical components as well as how long a charge can take in everyday driving needs.

The Brazilian textile industry has many years of experience in producing apparel within the country. Brazil is a country with a well developed supply chain, yet they import a big amount of manufactured textile products from Asia each year. Globalization has made fashion brands look outside of the country's borders to be able to deliver a good price to the end consumer. In this study an investigation has been made to elucidate why the apparel companies import from Asia, what is imported from Asia and how the image of the companies would be affected by working more sustainably by utilizing the existing resources available in Brazil. In order to learn why companies do import, semi-structured interviews have been made with people who work and have good knowledge regarding this subject. To put this matter into context a Brazilian apparel company named Cia.hering has been used as an exponent for this report. This to get a more clear view on how the company might be affected by producing more locally and if it would be possible. To learn about how the Brazilian consumers look at sustainable fashion and what they think of Cia.Hering as a company a survey has been conducted. The outcome of this study shows that the consumers have a big effect on how companies choose to produce but that it is up to the individual apparel company to choose how they want to produce their goods. Producing locally makes it a lot easier to control the full supply chain and to work as a more transparent company.