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Yes / It is against the background of low engagement by SMEs in e-business that this paper seeks to highlight the potential importance of aggregation and of the role of trusted third parties in facilitating higher levels of involvement. The paper is based on an ongoing SME e-business research programme and reports on some recent research on SMEs that were using high complexity e-business applications and explores the extent to which the research findings could address the core concern of low engagement. This qualitative case study based research includes analysis of data collected from 13 community intermediaries, acting as trusted third parties. It concludes that the role of community intermediaries appears to be central to the adoption of critical e-aggregation applications provided by service providers. For policymakers, this important role of critical e-aggregation applications in facilitating e-business engagement by SMEs has emerged as part of this research but there is limited evidence of policy initiatives that reflect this.

Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka hur lärare i svenska ställer sig till IKT-användningen.Vilka förutsättningar har de och på vilket sätt jobbar de för måluppfyllnad med IKT som hjälp.För att få svar på dessa frågor skickades enkäter till lärare på grundskolans senare år och gymnasiet på 16 olika skolor. Knappt hälften av de utskickade enkäterna besvarades.Svaren visar att majoriteten av lärarna ställer sig positiv till användningen av IKT i klassrummet. Flera gav exempel på hur de använder IKT och hur det relaterar till kursmålen för svenska på grundskolans senare år och gymnasiet. Hälften av enkätdeltagarna menade att de hade en god IKT-kunskap. Lika många hade fått fortbildning och kände stöd av ledningen till detta. I stort visade resultatet dock att lärarna efterfrågade fortbildning, samtidigt som de kände sig tveksamma till huruvida datorn ska ta för stor plats i förhållande till de tryckta läromedlen.     Det vanligaste användningsområdet för datorn var faktasökningar samt ordbehandling. Strax efter kom att streama film och klipp via Internet. Lärarna tenderade att fråga sina kolleger eller söka information själv när de ville ha inspiration till sin undervisning. Svaren visade också att lärarnas egna inställning till IKT spelade minst lika stor roll som tillgången till teknik och stöd av ledningen till fortbildning för att integrera IKT i undervisningen. / The purpose of this essay is to study how teachers in Swedish view the use of ICT. How the conditions for ICT are and in which way they work for target achievement in the subject with help from ICT. To answer these questions, questionnaires were sent out to teachers in secondary and upper secondary school in 16 different schools. Half of the questionnaires were answered. The answers showed that the majority of the teachers were positive to the use of ICT in the classroom. Several gave examples of how they use ICT and how they relate this to the goals in the Swedish subject in secondary and upper secondary school. Half of the participants felt that they had good knowledge of ICT. The same number of teachers had gotten further training and felt support from the school management to do this. Though at large the result showed that the teachers asked for further training, when at the same time they felt uncertain of how the computer should be used in relation to the printed teaching materials. The most common use of the computers were to search for facts and word processing. Next was to stream movies and clips from the Internet. The teachers asked their colleagues or searched for information themselves when they wanted inspiration for their teaching. The answers also showed that the teachers' attitude towards ICT played as a big part as the access to technology and support from the school management for further training, when it concerned integrating ICT in teaching.

This study aimed to provide a general picture of ICT education in primary schools. Through this aim, students&rsquo / perceived ICT competencies, their attitudes towards the ICT course, the characteristics of the teaching-learning process in the ICT course, the deficiencies of the IT classrooms and the effectiveness of the ICT Student Workbook were analyzed. This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey study. In order to collect the data, a self-reported questionnaire consisted of 63 items was developed by the researcher. The sample consisted of 442 Grade 8 students in 11 primary schools located in the metropolitan area of Izmit. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized to analyze the data. Multivariate Analysis of Variances with Pillai&rsquo / s Trace test was employed to investigate whether the significant differences among dependent variables across independent variables existed. Results of the study indicated that primary school students generally perceived themselves competent in ICT tasks and they had favorable attitudes towards the ICT course. Significant differences were found in students&rsquo / perceived ICT competencies and attitudes with respect to gender, educational background of parents, computer ownership and availability of home assistance related to the ICT course. This study also revealed several obstacles which prevent taking full benefits of IT classrooms, and problems with the implementation of the new ICT program.

ICT is a part of our everyday experience where ever we are, at home, at work and also at school. ICT-equipment for millions of kronor is handed out to our pupils every year. It has become a huge part of the Swedish education system and it is up to us teachers to incorporate it in the education. This is done in different kind of levels which the theoretical framework of the SAMR-model describes very well. My interest has been to see how the use of ICT-equipment is incorporated in the education at a school where a 1-to-1 project has been running for half a decade now. I am looking at which level of the SAMR-model the teachers are operating most of the time and if they are content with what they do with the ICT-equipment within their education. What I found was that most teachers are operating at the lower levels of the SAMRmodel but they are quite content with that. Many of the teachers believe that ICT in education is beneficial for learning and almost everyone wants more education within the field of ICT, especially female language teachers.

The constant evolution of ICT changes the habits and way of life of today´s generation. At the same time, it affects their sexuality and the associated sexual life. Generation Y represents the generation of young people who come into contact with ICT from the young age and excel in high-level information literacy. This diploma thesis is offering a comprehensive view of the impact of ICT on Generation Y in terms of human sexual-ity and pornography. The social research brings findings on ICT usage issues in differ-ent places (at work, at university, etc.), security and privacy protection in the virtual world, and ICT pornography. The research of studies from foreign countries passes to the author´s own research. It also reflects new trends in ICT; the 3D virtual reality. In the final part of the diploma thesis the author discusses and compares the results ob-tained by his own research with foreign studies. At the same time, author´s own find-ings are formulated. Author is also proposing questions that could form the basis of research at the organisational level.

This thesis focuses on the issue of ICT innovation in small and medium enterprises in the Czech Republic. The first objective is an analysis of ICT innovations; the second one is a suggestion of criterions suitable for the mapping of ICT performance and the third objective is verification of these suggested criterions in the real enterprise which is DATASYS. Sub-steps that lead to fulfillment of specified main objectives are to clarify characteristic of ICT and related concepts, as well as explanation of BSC management tool and determination its advantages and disadvantages. The last steps in this section are an identification of key trends, the exploration of new ICT technologies and the mapping of the ICT current state in DATASYS. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first theoretical part illustrates the importance of ICT innovation followed by ICT definition and other related concepts. The third part is devoted to BSC management tool which measures the ICT performance. The last part is a survey of current ICT trends and new ICT technologies. The purpose of the theoretical part is the knowledge of related theory which is reflected in the practical part. The second part is practical and it focuses on the application of theoretical knowledge. First sub-part describes default state of the technology infrastructure in DATASYS. The purpose of the second sub-part is to create BSC concept. Previous theoretical part and default current state are reflected in this BSC concept. The third sub-part is focused on the mapping the ICT performance to identify weaknesses in the company by comparing suggested and real values. The theoretical part of this work is created from all the information and knowledge gainded from scientific literature and research articles. The practical part is formed from the acquired knowledge which is based on theoretical as well as specialized studies.

Syftet med fallstudien var att ta reda på hur en lärare arbetar med att integrera IKT-verktyg i matematikundervisningen och hur lärarens kunskaper synliggörs vid skapandet av IKT-integrerad undervisning. Metoderna som användes för att besvara forskningsfrågorna var av kvalitativ karaktär och bestod av lektionsobservationer och semistrukturerade intervjuer med en lärare på mellanstadiet. Resultatet visade att läraren använde sig av IKT-verktyg för att göra ett annars svårbegripligt ämnesinnehåll mer tydligt för eleverna. Lärarens olika kunskaper samspelade vid skapandet av IKT-integrerad undervisning i enlighet med ramverket ICT-TPCK. En slutsats som drogs av vår fallstudie var att lärare behöver få utbildning i hur IKT-verktyg kan användas på ett pedagogiskt sätt för att lyfta ämnesinnehållet för eleverna. / The purpose of the case study was to investigate how a teacher integrates ICT-tools in mathematics education and which of the teacher’s knowledges are visible during the creation of ICT-integrated education. The methods used to answer the research questions were of qualitative character and contained lesson observations and semi-structured interviews with a middle school teacher. The results showed that the teacher used ICT-tools to make subject content that is hard for pupils to understand, clearer and more comprehensible. The teacher’s different competencies interplayed whilst creating ICT-integrated education in accordance with the framework ICT-TPCK. A conclusion drawn from the case study was that teachers need education in the pedagogical use of ICT-tools to enhance the subject content to the pupils.

Recent economical crises, constant development of new technologies and faster globalisation cause different changes in all organisations all over the world. One of these changes are also different considerations about suistainable development and the impact different companies have. Those organisations are getting more and more involved into this topic and become more competitive within quickly developing global economics. They look for the ways how to contribute to suistainable development. One of the ways is also suistainable IT in a company focused on Green ICT. The aim of this thesis is to describe Green ICT, how it matches with suistainable development and what are the areas it covers. Firstly, the thesis contains an explanation of what Green ICT is. Secondly it focuses on the approach to this issue in different companies of different sizes in different industries. To achieve this aim, there are used different surveys from worldwide known companies. In the next part this thesis deals with two most important global IT companies, that significantly influence supply of ERP systems to the Czech market. This part specifies the areas covered by above mentioned companies and their main achievements. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze current state of Green ICT within local market. To achieve this goal, there was taken a survey focusing on Green ICT perception at ERP suppliers on the Czech market. Data from this survey were then analysed and evaluated. This thesis also provides a measuring scale for evaluation of Green ICT level. To demonstrate this, there were two global companies evaluated compared to three local companies evaluation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of schools of teacher education (STE) in Turkey in terms of how they prepare future teachers to use information and communication technologies (ICT) in their professions, and the current situation of K-12 schools in terms of how teachers employ ICT in their professions. The primary focus was to develop a deeper understanding of ICT perceptions, competencies, classroom use, related courses effectiveness, main barriers, and possible enablers to integrating ICT. This study may contribute to the existing literature by revealing and establishing baseline data on the current status of ICT integration into schools of teacher education and K-12 in Turkey. The results of this study can be used by policy makers, Ministry of National Education, Higher Education Council, universities, and K-12 schools to reexamine the current status of ICT and revise related policies, strategies, and courses. A mixed method approach was used by utilizing questionnaires from 51 deans, 111 faculty members, 1330 prospective teachers, and 1429 K-12 teachers / and interviews with 6 faculty members, 6 prospective teachers, and 6 K-12 teachers. It could be interpreted from the results that most of the participants expressed positive perceptions about the integration of ICT into teacher education and K-12 schools. Generally, faculty members perceived themselves as competent overall, while prospective and K-12 teachers did not. Faculty members and prospective teachers perceived ICT related courses beneficial and effective in ICT integration into education. On the other hand, K-12 teachers showed a degree of overall unsure (neutral) perception towards their ICT related courses and considered themselves well prepared for professional life. There were strong agreements between the participants as to the main barriers and possible enablers.