I denna uppsats ämnar författaren studera hur den mediala framställningen av sexuell exploatering av barn har förändrats från 2001 till 2022 utifrån två olika dimensioner, offer och förövare. Detta görs genom en diskursanalys av 240 artiklar från Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet. Med ett teoretiskt ramverk som utgår från diskursteori och Nils Christies teori om det idealiska offret besvaras frågeställningen: Hur framställs barn som brottsoffer för sexuell exploatering i den mediala diskursen? Hur har den framställningen förändrats över tid? Analysen fokuserar på vilka subjektspositioner diskursen tillhandahåller samt vilka aktörer som dominerar debatten och därmed formar diskursen. Resultatet visar att framställningen av sexuell exploatering av barn påverkas av hur offer- och förövarskap porträtteras i media. Uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion av undersökningens resultat utifrån relevanta teman som framkommit i analysarbetet.

Filicide is the term for when a parent kills their child. Filicide is very unusual in Sweden butis nonetheless a crime category that is frequently discussed in the media.The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper insight into how victims and perpetrators areportrayed by the Swedish media in cases of filicide and how perpetrators are portrayed inrelation to their gender. By studying media representations of victims and perpetrators incases of filicide there is a potential opportunity to gain an increased understanding of what thegeneral conversation regarding filicide looks like. The study has a social constructivistapproach where the assumption is that the world is constructed through social interactions. Inaddition, a critical approach to victimology is applied, as victimhood in the study is notunambiguous but complex.The study has been carried out through a qualitative thematic content analysis of 57 articlesregarding cases of filicide between January 1 2018 and April 12 2023 from the Swedish dailypress. It turned out that the Swedish media tends to portray the victims and the perpetrators inrelation to each other, where they are never described completely independently. The way themedia portrays the perpetrators has a major impact on how the victim is portrayed and viceversa. The perpetrators tend to be portrayed as multifaceted and complex individuals at theexpense of the victim's status and focus in the articles. In cases where they are not describedin the mentioned way, the perpetrators are described as vengeful 'monsters', which affects thevictim's status in a way that instead gives the victim more space in the articles.The victims, on the other hand, are portrayed as either pitied and helpless or as one of manychildren who fall victim to society's failure. It is therefore not surprising that Sweden's socialinstitutions, such as the social services and the social board, are often portrayed asperpetrators in cases of filicide.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur ambulanspersonal upplever sin utsatthet för brott vid utryckning. Den undersökningsmetod som användes var halvstrukturerade intervjuer. Huvudresultat i studien var att de som intervjuades uppgav att de blivit utsatta för brott i form av hot om våld samt fysiskt våld, men att de inte upplever eller pratar om sig själva som offer, men de uppfyller delvis kraven för att kunna ses som ett idealiskt offer samt att de normaliserar sin utsatthet. Ett annat resultat visar att ambulanspersonalen anser att personuppgiftslagen hämmar dem i deras arbete när det kommer till säkerhet. Under intervjuerna framkom det att personuppgiftslagen påverkar deras känsla av trygghet på ett negativt sätt då de inte har all viktig information om personen de åker till. Det framkommer också att ambulanspersonalen värdesätter samarbetet med polis och att de behöver mer resurser. Studiens viktigaste slutsats är att ambulanspersonalen blir utsatta för hot och våld och att det är ett problem, men att de normaliserar sina upplevelser och inte pratar om sig som offer. / The purpose of the study was to investigate how paramedics experience their exposure to crimes during work, but also their thoughts about victim. The method of investigation used was semi structured interviews. The main result of the study was that the paramedics was subjected to crimes in forms of threats of violence and physical harm, but they do not see themselves as victims and they also normalize their vulnerability. Another result is that the personal data act prevents the paramedics in their work regarding their safety. During the interviews, it emerged that it effects their sense of security in a negative way since they do not have all the information about the person that they are about to assist. They also value the cooperation that they have with the police. The main findings of the study were that paramedics gets exposed to threats and violence and that this is a problem, although they normalize their experience and do not talk about themselves in terms of victims.

The aim of this study is to understand what type of experience the social workers in child protection, in the children and family unit at the social services, have of working with fathers and their children exposed to domestic violence and identify construction of genders bias to the social workers in child protections work. I intend to analyze the experiences of the social workers in child protection had with working with battered fathers and children by Johnssons (1995) and Isdal (2017) psychological strategies that’s been used in strategies in practices of abuse, situational abuse, systematic abuse, the theories of gender and masculinities and Nils Christies theory of the ideal victim. Further on I tried to find out how the social workers in child protection understand women/mother’s abuse towards fathers. Finally, I wanted to know which help and support the battered fathers and their children are given. To find the answers of the study’s aim and approach to the problems, I have used a qualitative study where I have interviewed nine social workers in child protection in the children and family unit at the social services in three different cities. My empirical material shows different experiences of working with battered fathers and their children. Seven out of nine social workers in child protection had no experience of working with fathers that have had been exposed to sexual abuse by their children’s mother. Six out of nine social workers in child protection had experience of working with fathers that had been subject of physical abuse. Working with fathers that had been exposed of psychological abuse by their children’s mother seven out of nine social workers in child protection had experience of. Two out of nine social workers in child protection had met fathers that had been exposed to financial abuse by their children’s mother. None of the social workers in child protection had experience of working with fathers that have been exposed to negligence from their children’s mother. Eight out of nine social workers in child protection stated that battered men might be ashamed of being abused and find it hard to talk about it. Social workers in child protection contemplated that men are ashamed of being abused because they are stronger and physical bigger than the women. The majority of the social workers in child protection advised that battered fathers get the same protection, help and support that as if it was a battered mother. Some examples of what help an abused father can get is protected living, therapy and there is a domestic violence hotline for men. A few social workers in child protection argue that the battered fathers and their children get less help compared to battered mothers and their children. The majority of the social workers in child protection stated that it is easier to ii observe and pay attention to battered mothers and their children compared to battered fathers and their children.

Abstract This study aims to describe and analyse how victims and credibility are constructed in the government bill and verdicts concerning the new sexual offence law in Sweden that became effective 1 July 2018. A qualitative content analyse has been used to answer the purpose of the study and the result has been analysed using Christies theory of the ideal victim. The results show that the construction of the victim is not consistent with Christies theory of the ideal victim. If the victim has acted with resistance is no longer considered significant. The perpetrator is described to have responsibility to assure that the victim participated with free will. However, victim reactions after the assault are described as important for the victims credibility. The victim is constructed as more credible if acting with sadness, crying and being jumpy. Results also show that it is important for the credibility that the victim leaves a consistent, truthful story and make a clear distinction of what is a clear memory and what is unsure. The main finding is that there has been a change in how the victim is constructed and what is needed for the victim to seem as credible.

Denna uppsats har som syfte att undersöka framställningen och ansvarsfördelningen av kvinnor och män i mediers rapportering av mäns våld mot kvinnor. Med grund av Metoo-rörelsen anser jag att det idag finns en samhällelig gemensam medvetenhet och förståelse av mäns våld mot kvinnor, som bör framgå i rapporteringen om våldet. Artiklar publicerade av Sveriges största mediekanaler, SVT och Expressen, analyseras utifrån en kritisk diskursanalys för att belysa potentiella tendenser som tyder på en ojämnställd rapportering av mäns våld mot kvinnor. Utifrån ett radikalfeministiskt perspektiv undersöker jag framställningen av mäns våld mot kvinnor och utifrån gestaltningsteorin belyser jag hur kraftfull en text kan vara. De teoretiska perspektiven, tillsammans med min utvalda tidigare forskning, visar på tendenser som tyder på en ojämställd framställning av mäns våld mot kvinnor i media.