A tese privilegiou o estudo das trajetórias de famílias seringueiras, na entrefronteiras de áreas da Amazônia Sul-Ocidental: Estado do Acre (Brasil) e o Departamento de Pando (Bolívia). Os dados obtidos em quatro anos de pesquisa revelam um contexto de articulações entre culturas neste espaço constituindo identidades sob um eco silencioso da teia social de homens e mulheres nos interstícios latino-americanos dos Rios Abunã e Acre. Assim, a investigação sobre a experiência sociocultural destes sujeitos a partir da conjuntura do deslocamento de trabalhadores brasileiros para os seringais bolivianos como parte do processo de internacionalização dos conflitos sócio agrários do Brasil, em particular da Amazônia, mais evidente nas décadas de 1970 de 1980. Isto possibilitou uma leitura específica acerca das fronteiras brasileiras, nomeadamente, da zona fronteiriça interamericana e amazônica para além das dimensões jurídicas e políticas de Soberania Nacional, por entender que a região fronteiriça em estudo faz parte do/no universo da tradição do seringueiro, sem perder de vista que atravessar a fronteira nas condições vivenciadas por este trabalhador, resultou não apenas em ser um estrangeiro, mas, em um sem-direito. Desta forma, foi possível reconhecer as representações sobre cultura, fronteira e identidade elaboradas pelos próprios sujeitos amordaçados ou não pelos silêncios nas entre-condições do vivido em razão das implicações geopolíticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais. Para tanto, foi considerado a diversidade cultural e histórica como lócus que implicou pensar as diferenças, mas, também as trocas e negociações culturais. Isto conduziu a pesquisa aos postulados, especialmente, de Homi Bhabha que conclui a cultura como um lócus de um processo de ambiguidades histórico. Neste sentido, a tese aponta os entrelugares fronteiriços que localizam os chamados brasivianos na primeira década do século XXI como campos de possibilidades que permitiu analisar as temporalidades dos encontros e desencontros das experiências constituídas ao longo da história. Este processo é percebido no contexto do inicio do século XXI em razão do reconhecimento e da organização das comunidades de Arroyo Seco e Los Angeles, colocado em prática pelos governos: brasileiro e boliviano com a assinatura do Acodo Bilateral/2008. Portanto, estas traduzem sob o enfoque da dinâmica social, as divisões e interações de brasivianidade nas Amazônias e expõem que o Brasiviano é acima de tudo uma forma de expressar a entre-condição de homens e mulheres como sujeitos participantes de um processo de alteridade e hibridização representantes dos espaços interamericanos e amazônicos / The thesis focused the study of the trajectories of families rubber in between the borders of areas of Southwestern Amazonia: State of Acre (Brazil) and the Department of Pando (Bolivia). The data from four years of research reveal a context of connections between cultures in this space constituting identities under a silent echo of the social network of men and women in Latin American Rivers interstices of Abunã and Acre. Thus, research on the sociocultural experience of these subjects from the situation of Brazilian workers to shift Bolivian rubber as part of the internationalization of agrarian social conflicts of Brazil, particularly in the Amazon, most obvious process in the 1970s, 1980. this allowed specific about the borders of Brazil, namely, inter-American and Amazonian border area beyond the legal and political dimensions of National Sovereignty reading, understanding that the border region under study is part of the universe in the tradition of rubber, without losing view that cross the \"border\" conditions experienced by this worker, resulted not only in an alien, but a \"no-right\". Thus, it was possible to recognize the representations of culture, identity and border drawn by the subjects themselves or not muzzled by the \"silences\" in-between the living conditions because of geopolitical, economic, social and cultural implications. Therefore, it was considered the cultural and historical diversity as a locus which involved understanding the differences, but also cultural exchanges and negotiations. This research led to the postulates, especially Homi Bhabha concludes that culture as a locus of a process of historical ambiguities. In this sense, the thesis points out the border between places located so-called \"brasivianos\" in the first decade of this century as a field of possibilities that allowed us to analyze the temporalities of the comings and goings of the experiences recorded throughout history. This process is perceived in the context of the beginning of the XXI century due to recognition of the organization and the communities of Arroyo Seco and Los Angeles, put in place by governments: Brazilian and Bolivian with the signing of the Bilateral Acodo / 2008. Therefore, these translate from the standpoint of social dynamics, \"di-visions\" and interactions brasivianidade the Amazons and expose the Brasiviano is above all a way of expressing the condition between men and women as individuals participating in a process alterity of hybridization and representatives of inter-American and Amazonian areas

O objetivo desta dissertação é apresentar a generalização de alguns resultados, válidos para anéis, para o contexto de superálgebras. Em 1957, I. N. Herstein provou que toda derivação de Jordan em um anel primo de característica diferente de 2 é uma derivação. Em 1988, M. Bresar demonstrou que este fato também é válido no caso em que o anel é semiprimo. Nos Capítulos 2 e 3, apresentamos generalizações desses resultados, dadas por M. Fosner, em 2003, e que afirmam que em uma superálgebra associativa prima, cuja parte par é não comutativa, toda superderivação de Jordan é uma superderivação, e que se D é uma superderivação de Jordan em uma superálgebra associativa semiprima A, então, existem ideais graduados U e V de A, cuja soma direta é um ideal essencial de A, isto é, a interseção da soma direta com qualquer ideal graduado não nulo de A, é não nula, tais que se U = 0, então, a parte par de A é comutativa e se V = 0, então, D é uma superderivação. Em 1956, I. N. Herstein mostrou que todo homomorfismo de Jordan sobrejetor, de um anel qualquer em um anel primo de característica diferente de 2 e 3, é um homomorfismo ou um antihomomorfismo, e em 1957, M. Smiley provou o mesmo resultado sem usar a hipótese de que a característica do anel é diferente de 3. No Capítulo 4, apresentamos a generalização desse resultado dada por K. Beidar, M. Bresar e M. Chebotar, em 2003, e que afirma que todo superhomomorfismo de Jordan sobrejetor de uma superálgebra associativa qualquer em uma superálgebra associativa prima, cuja parte par não é comutativa, é um superhomomorfismo ou um superantihomomorfismo. No Capítulo 5, introduzimos o resultado de W. Baxter e W. Martindale, 3º, de 1979, que afirma que todo homomorfismo de Jordan sobrejetor, em um anel semiprimo de característica diferente de 2, quando restrito a um certo ideal essencial do domínio, é a soma direta de um homomorfismo com um antihomomorfismo. Finalmente no último capítulo, fazemos uma exposição da teoria de identidades funcionais dada por M. Bresar, M. Chebotar e W. Martindale, 3º, apresentamos a generalização da teoria para superálgebras, dada por Yu Wang, em 2011, e ainda um resultado de Yu Wang e Yao Wang, de 2014, que afirma que todo superhomomorfismo de Jordan de uma superálgebra em uma superálgebra unitária, tal que a imagem é um subconjunto 4-superlivre do contradomínio, é uma soma direta de um superhomomorfismo com um superantihomomorfismo. Finalmente, apresentamos uma contribuição original para a classificação das superderivações de Jordan de grau 0. / The goal of this dissertation is to present the generalization of some results, which hold in rings, for the context of superalgebras. In 1957, I. N. Herstein proved that every Jordan derivation on a prime ring with characteristic not 2 is a derivation. In 1988, M. Bresar proved that the result still holds when the ring is semiprime. In the Chapters 2 and 3, we present generalizations for these results, given by M. Fosner, in 2003, which state that on a prime associative superalgebra, whose even part is noncommutative, every Jordan superderivation is a superderivation, and if D is a Jordan superderivation on a semiprime associative superalgebra A, then, there exist graded ideals U and V of A, where the direct sum of them is an essential ideal of A, that is, the intersection of the direct sum and any nonzero graded ideal of A, is nonzero, such that if U=0, then the even part of A is commutative and if V=0, then D is a superderivation. In 1956, I. N. Herstein proved that every Jordan homomorphism onto a prime ring with characteristic not 2 or 3, is either a homomorphism or an antihomomorphism, and in 1957, M. Smiley proved the same result without assuming that the characteristic of the ring is not 3. In the Chapter 4, we present a generalization of this result given by K. Beidar, M. Bresar and M. Chebotar, in 2003, which states that every Jordan superhomomorphism from an associative superalgebra onto a prime associative superalgebra, whose even part is noncommutative, is either a superhomomorphism or a superantihomomorphism. In Chapter 5, we present a result given by W. Baxter and W. Martindale, 3rd, in 1979, which states that every Jordan homomorphism onto a semiprime ring, with characteristic not 2, when restricted to a certain essential ideal of the domain, is the direct sum of a homomorphism and an antihomomorphism. Finally, in the last chapter, we present the theory of functional identities, given by M. Bresar, M. Chebotar and W. Martindale, 3rd, we also present the generalization of the theory for superalgebras given by Yu Wang, in 2011, and a result given by Yu Wang and Yao Wang, in 2014, which states that every Jordan superhomomorphism from a superalgebra into an unital superalgebra, such that its range is a 4-superfree subset of the codomain, is the direct sum of a superhomomorphism and a superantihomomorphism. Finally, we present an original contribution to the classification of the Jordan superderivations of degree 0.

Analisa o processo de construção e reconstrução de identidades por meio das histórias em quadrinhos e a consolidação da imagem que a linguagem reivindica para si. Utiliza os fundamentos do método arqueológico/genealógico (FOUCAULT, 1979) como uma via de aproximação do processo de construção cultural na sociedade. A hipótese sustentada é a de que as linguagens, como um todo, estão sujeitas a um duplo movimento de incorporação de aspectos da sociedade disciplinar e construção de novas realidades identitárias. Os resultados da pesquisa reforçam a necessidade de se lançar um novo olhar em relação às histórias em quadrinhos no contexto social de esmaecimento das fronteiras identitárias. É possível se perceber, por meio da linguagem, os novos papéis reservados à representação e à interação entre imagens e coisas, arte e produto. / Discusses the process of construction and reconstruction of identities in comics and how this form of expression builds a particular image for itself. The process of cultural construction in society is analyzed by means of the archaeological and genealogical methodology (FOUCAULT, 1979). The work sustains that any form of expression, comics included, is subject to a double movement that comprises the incorporation of some aspects of the disciplinary society but also creates new possibilities for identitarian expressions. The results reinforce the importance of a new look at comics, considering the context of vanishing identity boundaries in present society. The language of comics makes it possible to recognize new roles performed by representation and the interaction between images and things, art and products.

Dans cette thèse, notre proposition est d’analyser dans la perspective d'une histoire croisée, les échanges et circulations générés par la presse des pays belligérants au cours de la guerre de la Triple Alliance. Partant de la considération que les espaces politiques transnationaux se forment à travers des discours et des pratiques d’acteurs identifiables, cette étude se concentre sur la façon dont la presse a constitué un espace de cette nature, dans lequel les gouvernements belligérants ont participé en tissant des réseaux articulant leurs agents aux journaux et à leurs rédacteurs ; et sur la façon dont, dans cet espace qui a fonctionné au-delà des frontières des Etats, la presse a joué un rôle central dans le processus de construction des identités nationales, promues par les gouvernements combattants. Dans un jeu des contraires, dans lequel les représentations négatives définissant l’ennemi donnaient naissance à des redéfinitions positives des images de soi, on analyse les répercussions de ces croisements sur la représentation de la Nation. En plaçant la perspective d’analyse sur les croisements ou les procédés d’échanges journalistiques, on en vient à la conclusion que les discours de propagande des pays ennemis ne peuvent s’entendre pleinement que dans leur mutuelle interaction et dans le cadre d’un langage politique commun / The purpose of this thesis is to analyse, through the perspective of the Histoire croisée, the crossings or intercrossings produced by the press of the countries involved in the War of the Triple Alliance. Based on the assumption that the transnational political spaces are formed through the speeches and the practices of identifiable actors, this research focuses on how the press constituted a space of this kind, in which the warring governments participated by means of the building of networks which linked their officials with newspapers and editors; and how, in this space that operated beyond state borders, the press played a central role in the process of construction of national identities promoted by the warring governments. In a game of opposites, in which the defining negative representations of the adversary originated positive redefinitions of the self-images, we analyse the impact of these crossings on the representation of the Nation. By placing the perspective of the analysis on the crossings or journalistic intercrossings processes, we come to the conclusion that the propaganda speeches of the warring countries can be fully understood only in their mutual interaction and within the framework of a common political language

The focus of this thesis is the negotiation of identities by elite-level female athletes involved in disability sport. Recently, the London 2012 and Sochi 2014 Paralympic games have showcased the contemporary nature of disability sport and ostensibly suggest a growth in public interest within this field. However, there has been limited research to date conducted into the experiences of physically impaired, female athletes at the elite level of disability sport. Moreover, the existing literature fails to address the negotiation of identities within the interplay of gender, ‘disability’, body and wider socio-cultural influences. Inspired by this dearth of literature and the desire to contribute to disability sport theorisation, my research questions how elite female athletes negotiate their identities across contexts and the wider social, cultural and political values that influence this process. I address their experiences in relation to these factors alongside the intersection of gender and disability. I have explored the women’s experiences by utilising symbolic interactionism in combination with a social-relational conceptualisation of disability. This theoretical approach recognises the women’s bodies as a ‘fleshy presence’ in their interactional encounters and brings ‘impairment’ back into the theorisation of disability (Waskul and Vannini 2006). This approach allows me to interrogate the women’s unique realities in relation to wider socio-cultural values, and the ‘micro relations’ of their day-to-day lives. A life history perspective guides the methodological framework, which foregrounds and prioritises the seven elite female athletes’ subjective experiences in relation to the socio-historical context. The narratives offer a powerful and original insight into the complexity of disability, whilst addressing the multiple and fluid nature of the participants’ identities. This advances the use of the social-relational model and fosters new understandings of the social relations underpinning the effects of impairment. I have developed the concept of ‘reverse stigma’ and have highlighted the need to disrupt the social processes that create stigmatic physicality, whilst demonstrating how impairment is perceived in different social contexts. My research has provided an original contribution by generating an in-depth picture of how the women experience their lives, how they see themselves as disabled (or not) and the wider intersecting forces that shape and influence their realities. This is significant for highlighting the way disability and disabled female athletes are perceived in Western society.

Communicatio in sacris est l’expression par laquelle l’Église de Rome a cherché à définir et discipliner toute forme de participation d’un catholique aux célébrations liturgiques et aux sacrements d’un culte non catholique. Durant les XVIIe et XVIIIe siècle, cette pratique était particulièrement répandue dans la Méditerranée orientale – à cause de la coexistence traditionnelle entre Grecs et Latins – et dans l’Empire ottoman et ses environs, à la suite des succès des missionnaires dans la conversion des communautés chrétiennes locales. Ce travail a pour but d’utiliser les pratiques concrètes comprises sous cette étiquette comme point de départ et clé interprétative pour une réflexion plus approfondie sur le processus de construction des identités confessionnelles au Levant à l’époque moderne. En plus d’étudier le débat théorique (théologico-canonique) sur la question, notre intérêt porte principalement sur la reconstruction des différents contextes sociaux, politiques et religieux qui rendaient inévitable la communicatio. La relation entre «catholique latins» et «grec-orthodoxes» est analysée dans les cas de l’archipel égéen des Cyclades et dans les îles ioniennes soumises à la domination de Venise. Les affrontements entre les orientaux convertis au catholicisme et ceux restés fidèles à leur Église sont pris en considération en étudiant les communautés arméniennes de Constantinople et de l’Anatolie orientale. L'analyse repose sur un vaste éventail de sources, particulièrement sur un dépouillement des cas de communicatio présents dans les archives du Saint-Office et de la Propagande, aussi bien que sur la documentation produite par le réseau consulaire français. / Communicatio in sacris is the expression employed by the Roman Church to define (and simultaneously restrict) all kind of participation of a Catholic to the liturgical celebrations and sacraments of a non-Catholic worship. During the 17th and 18th century, this practice was particularly widespread in the Eastern Mediterranean and in the Ottoman Empire, because of the traditional coexistence between Greeks and Latins but also as a result of the success of the missionaries in the conversion of Eastern Christians settled there. My work aims at using the concrete practices included under this label as a starting point and as an interpretive key for a deeper reflection on the process of confession building in the Early Modern Levant. In addition to the study of the theoretical (theological-canonical) debate on the issue, the thesis focuses mainly on the reconstruction of the different social, political and religious contexts that produced the communicatio and made it «necessary». The relationship between «Latin Catholics» and «Greek-Orthodox» is examined both for the case of the Aegean Cyclades and of the Ionian islands subject to the domination of Venice; the clashes between the Oriental Christians who converted to Catholicism and those who remained faithful to their Church are instead considered through the study of the Armenian communities of Constantinople and Eastern Anatolia. The overall analysis is based on a wide range of sources, particularly on the inventory of the cases of communicatio found in the archives of the Holy Office and of Propaganda, as well as on the documentation produced by the French consular networks.

Orientador: Pelópidas Cypriano de Oliveira / Banca: Luiz Guimarães Monforte / Banca: Hugo Fernando Salinas Fortes Júnior / Resumo: A não presença de luz costuma estar associada a situações infelizes e não favoráveis, como é o caso dos portadores de uma deficiência sensorial. Sua percepção do mundo baseia-se no que ele aprende por meio de outros sentidos. A pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver a problemática que envolve a pessoa deficiente visual e suas relações com a arte fotográfica e para compreender melhor esta relação contraditória, o pesquisador vendou seus olhos para experimentar a cegueira temporária em seis experiências. Paralelamente, foram realizados encontros com quinze pessoas com deficiência visual, observando e compartilhando informações sobre a fotografia, para o desenvolvimento do trabalho equivalente. Os processos artísticos e experiências do olhar o mundo e olhar-se aplicados durante a pesquisa, ajudaram os participantes e o pesquisador artemídia [D]eficiente a compreender as diferenciadas formas de ver / Abstract: The absence of light is normally associated to sad and unfavorable conditions, as in the case of the Visually Impaired Persons. Their perception of the world is based on what is learnt through the other senses. The research aims to discuss the problematic involving the visually impaired persons and their relationships with photography and art. For better understanding this contradictory relation, the researcher has blindfolded his eyes to temporarily experiment blindness in six experiments. At the same time, meetings with fifteen visually impaired persons were organized to observe and share information regarding photography for the equivalent development of the work. The artistic processes, and the sightseeing and seeing yourself experiences applied during the research helped the participants and the artemídia researcher to understand the different ways of seeing / Mestre

Orientador: Luis Carlos Paschoarelli / Banca: Lucy Carlinda da Rocha de Niemeyer / Banca: Milton Koji Nakata / Resumo: Atualmente, o excesso de informações visuais presentes em todos os meios de comunicação é constatado de forma veemente, por exemplo, nas mídias impressas, internet e interfaces utilizadas pela publicidade, em conjunto com o design informacional. Essas informações visuais têm grande influência ma vida dos seres humanos, uma vez que a visão desses indivíduos é o sentido mais empregado. As influências acontecem, principalmente, por meio da utilização desmedida de recursos informacionais pelas instituições. Estudos sobre identidade visual não têm explorado de forma satisfatória essa problemática, favorecendo, assim, o pouco desenvolvimento desse assunto em projetos da área. Por consequencia, nota-se a necessidade de definir diretrizes que possibilitem uma implementação desses projetos, tornando-se acessíveis à compreensão da maioria dos indivíduos - consumidores e, especialmente, usuários. O presente estudo tem por objetivo propor parâmetros para análise e desenvolvimento de identidades visuais, os quais serão balizados por meio dos conceitos de usabilidade visual, metodologias do design e a gestalt. Foram constatadas empresas de design especializadas em projetos de identidade visual, lugares onde foram realizadas entrevistas que possibilitaram recolher as marcas para análise. Ato contínuo, os resultados foram analisados e tabulados, permitindo a propositura de parâmetros para análise e desenvolvimento de identidades visuais / Abstract: Currently, the excess of visual information present in all the media is seen as forcefully, for exemple, in print media, internet and interfaces used by the publicity in conjunction with the design of information. This visual information has great influence in human lives, since the vision of these individuals is the most utilized sense. The influences occur mainly through the rampant use of information resources by the institutions. Studies on visual identify has not explored satisfactorily this issue, thus encouraging the low development of this subject in some projects in the area. Consequently, there is a need to define parameters that enable the implementation of these projects, making them accessible to the understanding of most individuals - consumers, and especially users. This study aims to propose parameters for analysis and development of visual identities, which will be market out through the visual identity projects were contacted, where interviews were realized that make it possible to collect the brands for analysis. The results were analyzed and tabulated, which allowed the parameters propose for analysis and development of visual identities / Mestre

A presente tese define-se como uma reflexão acerca das políticas de identidade promovidas pelo estado colonial português e pela Frente de Libertação de Moçambique, com ênfase nos cem anos que antecederam a independência, proclamada em junho de 1975. Procurando uma perspectiva multidisciplinar, a análise é orientada por conceitos que procuram destacar fatores determinantes da concepção de dualismo inerente à situação colonial. A abordagem das várias estratégias culturais a que recorreu a metrópole para sustentar sua \"vocação\" imperial constitui um dado significativo do trabalho que procurou compreender algumas particularidades do projeto lusitano, com a preocupação de enquadrá-lo num processo mais amplo que não poderia desconsiderar os passos da História no ocidente. Partindo do estudo das duas concepções de assimilação e sua continuidade no luso-tropicalismo (e sua instrumentalização pelo Estado Novo português), a análise focaliza a gênese do nacionalismo e a nova dinâmica que a tática de guerrilha, implementada pela luta de libertação nacional, introduz no território de Moçambique. No que se refere à política de identidade nacional proposta pela FRELIMO, foi privilegiada pela pesquisa a dialética que ela estabelece com as sociedades tradicionais. / The present thesis deals with the identity policies promoted by the Portuguese colonial State and the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), with emphasis on the last hundred years before independence, proclaimed in June 1975. Aiming at a multidisciplinary approach, the analysis is oriented by concepts that put in evidence determinant factors of the dualistic nature of colonial situation. The approach to the various cultural strategies used by Portugal to support its imperial \"vocation\" represents a significative part of this study. It tries to understand some details of the Portuguese project, by framing it within a wider perspective that could not neglect Western History. Starting from the study of the two conceptions of assimilation and its luso-tropicalistic development (the use of the theory carried out by the Portuguese \"New State\" regime) the analysis focus on the origins of nationalism as well as on the new dynamics introduced in the territory by the guerrilla tactics used during national liberation struggle. Concerning FRELIMO\'s national identity policy, this research privileges the dialectics it establishes with traditional societies of Mozambique.

This thesis explores how Chilean teachers understand their life trajectories in terms of life-course change, socio-historical change and social mobility, examining whether they make distinctions between these different kinds of understandings of transitions. In a context of 40 years of transformations in Chile, teachers are used as a case-study for examination of the subjective dimension of social mobility, and people's sense of class location and inequality. Methodologically, this research adopted the approach of exploring people's sense of life course and social movement in its broadest sense, examining how teachers talked about their life trajectories in order to consider whether questions of social change, life-course change, social structure and social mobility featured. It is built on data collected through interviews with 41 teachers who live in Santiago, who were asked to outline their personal timelines as a way to reflect on the main changes which they regarded as significant in their life stories. The argument of this thesis draws on and contributes to sociological work on class and social mobility. Most social mobility research has been dominated by quantitative work about occupational patterns of movement, with subjective social mobility neglected because people's subjective understandings of social movement have been seen to be contradictory and inconsistent. It has been suggested that 'lay' understandings fail to distinguish 'social mobility' from socio-historical change and life-course change, so people fail to recognise the true extent of inequality and the limited nature of social mobility. This thesis foregrounds subjective social mobility and critically examines these assumptions. On the basis of my empirical research, I argue that the apparent inconsistences in 'lay' subjective social mobility disappear, or at least make more sense, when we locate people's understandings of social location, social change and social mobility within their broader sense of their life stories. These inconsistencies are partly the result of the complex ways in which people understand their life stories and position themselves within a broader social structure, and are best explained using an analytical focus which emphasises the multidimensional nature of trajectories in social space (Bourdieu, 1984) and a methodological focus which is sensitive to the multifaceted and practical ways in which people speak about their lives. The teachers in my sample resisted a linear summary of their timelines and issues of life-course change and socio-historical change also framed their accounts, adding additional layers of complexity to them, in narratives of trajectories along different dimensions which qualified or disrupted each other. Despite that the teachers framed their trajectories as complex, non-linear constructs, and some rejected 'social mobility' stories, they still all offered overall evaluations of their changing life circumstances. They looked beyond their own trajectories to make different sort of comparisons which helped them to establish a sense of relative social movement, characterising their lives as showing social improvement, stability or decline as different views of their relative social position, and of the social structure and inequalities. I argue that rather than focusing on whether or not ordinary people correctly recognise relative or absolute mobility, it is more pivotal to examine how these different understandings come into play when ordinary people reflect about their location in an unequal society. The thesis argues that subjective social mobility needs to be analysed in term of a multidimensional model of class location and class movement, and this also argues for a greater understanding of the complexities of issues of social location, trajectories and social mobility in which 'class' emerges in different way in people's accounts. Therefore, a more open-ended approach to how people understand their relative situation is needed, in order to explore whether and how issues of class position, social inequalities and social mobility feature in the accounts of 'ordinary' people when they discuss the key transitions of their lives.