The Power of the State and the Material Culture in KollasuyuIdeology is a central element of cultural systems. It is also a source of social power particularly as it relates to the capacity of the state to control and manage the social work of a group of people to obtain benefits. This study analyzes the Inka manipulation of power in the attempt to achieve domination and control of native populations in the Calchaqui and Yocavil valleys of Northwest Argentina (NOA), between AD 1000-AD 1536. These processes are viewed through the study of the coercive and symbolic role of architecture and the production and use of symbolic objects, specially ceramics. The contest between native societies from NOA and the Inka State is understood as a key process in the structuration of social relationships and the manipulation of power in this region. / La ideología es un elemento central del sistema cultural y es una fuente de poder social, si se entiende esto último como la capacidad para controlar y manejar el trabajo de un grupo de personas para obtener beneficios. Su materialización se convierte en fuentes efectivas de poder. En el presente trabajo se analizará la manipulación del poder por parte del imperio inka para alcanzar la dominación y control de las poblaciones nativas del noroeste de Argentina entre 1000 y 1536 d.C. a partir del rol, simbólico y coercitivo, de la arquitectura y de la producción y uso de objetos simbólicos —especialmente de la cerámica— como formas de control y dominio por parte del Estado inka en los valles Calchaquí, Yocavil y áreas relacionadas. En otras palabras, se interpretarán las instituciones en términos de arquitectura y cultura material. La espacialidad planteada por las sociedades locales del Noroeste Argentino y el Estado inka es entendida como una dimensión clave en la estructuración de relaciones sociales y la manipulación del poder.

This article proposes an approach to contemporary transformations of the legal, from the articulation between critical theory of law and the Lacanian left. On the one hand, it is stated that in contemporary times, under the dominance of the capitalist discourse, the legal has undergone a metamorphosis that can be characterized as the passage from bourgeois legal form to the right to jouissance. On the other hand, this paper claims that the law of populism can become, as residue of that discourse that it fails to reabsorb, a device capable of producing cuts on the capitalist circuit. In this context, the capitalist revolution refers to the radical change in policies and institutions and legal forms that lacks an emancipatory orientation and, on the contrary, promotes the consolidation and deepening of its repetition and reproduction. In this sense, identification with the subversive can become a mean by which the law of populism is capable of promoting the production of memories of terrorism that reinstate the social antagonism as a way of extracting a truth from the capitalist discourse for the return-invention of the political in its hegemonic form. / Este artículo propone un abordaje de las transformaciones contemporáneas de lo jurídico desde la articulación entre teoría crítica del derecho e izquierda lacaniana. Por un lado, se afirma que, en la época contemporánea bajo el predominio del discurso capitalista, lo jurídico ha sufrido una metamorfosis que podemos caracterizar como el paso de la forma jurídica burguesa al derecho al goce. Por otro lado, se sostiene que, en tal contexto, el derecho del populismo puede constituirse, en tanto residuo que aquel discurso falla en reabsorber, en un dispositivo susceptible de producir cortes al circuito capitalista. En este marco, la revolución capitalista refiere al cambio radical en instituciones y formas políticas y jurídicas que carece de una orientación emancipatoria y que, por el contrario, promueve la consolidación y profundización de su repetición y reproducción. En tal sentido, la identificación con lo subversivo puede constituirse en una vía por la cual el derecho del populismo sea capaz de promover la producción de memorias del terrorismo que reinstauren al antagonismo social como modo de sustraer una verdad al discurso capitalista para el retorno-invención de la política en su forma hegemónica.

Este artículo tiene como principal objetivo dar a conocer algunas actualizaciones en el discurso lexicográfico académico que se evidencian en la vigesimotercera edición del Diccionario de la lengua española en su versión impresa. A través de un análisis contrastivo de las modalidades discursivas presentes en la edición impresa de 2001, las enmiendas en línea para la edición impresa de 2014 (en caso de artículos para los que se propusieran enmiendas como paso previo a la nueva redacción) y las definiciones definitivas ecogidas en la última edición del DRAE establecemos algunas líneas generales de actuación de la Academia en cuanto a la presencia de la voz de las personas responsables de la redacción de los artículos  lexicográficos que se vehicula a través de la modalización discursiva. / This paper has as main objective to present some key updates in lexicographicalacademic discourse that are present in the twenty-third edition of the Diccionario de la lengua española. Through a contrastive analysis of discursive modes present in the printed edition of 2001, amendments in line for the printed edition of 2014 (in case of items for which such amendments prior to the new wording were proposed) and the final definition collected at the 23rd edition of DRAE, we establish some general guidelines of the Academy in terms of the presence of the voice of writers and editors in the lexical items that are conveyed through discursive modalization.

The “ideology” notion has been decontextualized from its critical function to be employed as a discrediting maneuver that disregards debate. This article posits ideological analysis within the basic idea of a critical theory to point out the problems inherent to its dependency to the modern subjectivity paradigm. Afterdiscussing two attempts to preserve some form of ideological analysis by means ofa reconsideration of the aesthetical, we claim the pertinence of a communicationalinterpretation of the critic, ideology and aesthetics notions, which refers them to its founding and normative dimension in the very constitution of the self and its community. / La noción de ideología se ha descontextualizado de su función crítica para emplearse como una descalificación que prescinde del debate. En este artículo,situamos el análisis ideológico al interior de la idea básica de una teoría crítica para mostrar los problemas inherentes a su dependencia del paradigma moderno de lasubjetividad. Asimismo, luego de discutir dos esfuerzos por mantener alguna formade análisis ideológico a través de una reconsideración de lo estético, argumentamosla pertinencia de una interpretación comunicacional de las nociones de crítica, ideología y estética, que las refiera a su dimensión fundante y normativa en la constitución misma del yo y su comunidad.

Le travail construit un corpus autour de romans canoniques consacrés au thème de l'insurrection. Il s'agit d'étudier les représentations de la foule, les portraits d'insurgés, la place du référent historique, ainsi que la dimension idéologique de ces textes. L’étude typologique amène donc à réfléchir sur des questions génériques : roman historique, roman à thèse, et dans une certaine mesure, roman d'aventure. Les interactions de l’écriture romanesque avec les autres formes d’expression artistiques et médiatiques permettent d’interroger sur le rapport au contexte, en s’appuyant également sur l’histoire littéraire. La thèse est donc divisée en deux parties : la première approfondit le contexte du XIXe siècle,en France et à l’étranger, afin de comprendre la relation à l’évènement et les idéologies de l’époque, qui se retrouvent intégrés à la fiction. La seconde se concentre sur l’écriture, (les personnages, motifs et discours), pour tenter de répondre à la question suivante : le roman d’insurrection est-il un genre à part entière ? L’insurrection en tant que thème apparaît alors comme le moyen d’exprimer son rapport au monde, une modalité d’expression à la fois ancrée dans le réel et soumise à une vision subjective qui ne peut s’affranchir de l’idéologie ; le roman d’insurrection devient alors un fragment de la chronique et une ouverture sur l’histoire contemporaine / Work builds a corpus around canonical novels devoted to the topic of the insurrection. It is about studying crowds’pictures, insurgents’ portraits, place of the historical referent, as well as the ideological dimension of these texts. The typology study thus brings to reflect on generic questions: historical novel, Romance with thesis, and to a certain extent adventure’s stories. The interactions of the writing with other artistic and media forms of expression make it possible to question on the report with the context, while being also based on the literary history. So the thesis is divided into two parts: the first looks further into the context of the 19th century, in France and abroad, in order to understand the relation with the event and the ideologies of the time, which are found integrated into the fiction. The second concentrates on the writing, (characters, reasons and speech), to try to answer the following question: is the novel of insurrection a kind except for whole? The insurrection as a topic then seems the means of expressing his report in the world, a method of expression at the same time anchored in reality and subjected to a subjective vision which cannot be freed from the ideology; the novel of insurrection becomes then a fragment of the chronicle and an opening on the modern history.

Due to increased transnational migration and globalisation, English has come to have a high status in Sweden, and is used in daily communication. The purpose of this research is to investigate how immigrants with English as their first language, negotiate their identity in Sweden, how they construct the need to (not) speak Swedish, and, finally, how their linguistic trajectories inform us about their linguistic ideologies and reported practices. Identity, constantly performed on the border between the self and the other, is greatly dependent on the language. Recent research in the field has focused mainly on immigrants moving to English speaking countries, while migrants with English as their first language have been somewhat neglected. This study investigates identity negotiation based on linguistic repertoire, Spracherleben, and linguistic ideologies, based on data collected through interviews. The results indicate that the fact that all informants prefer to, and mostly do use English, has a meaning beyond the language. It is namely in the language choice itself that the participants negotiate and demonstrate their identity. Language, therefore, is not the main issue the informants find problematic. Instead, it is the sense of alienation and the inability to convey their message in the way they feel would best represent who they are.

This qualitative study intends to identify how the military profession is represented on the Swedish Armed Forces’ Instagram account from March 1 to September 1 2017. The method used is Multimodal CDA, which enables the investigation of both linguistic and visual elements. Ten Instagram posts are analyzed in order to examine how representations are formed linguistically and visually, as well as how language and images interact to form the picture of the Swedish soldier. The study focuses on concepts such as power and ideology, but strategic narrative also plays an important part in the analysis. The results show that the Swedish Armed Forces mainly tells a story in which values such as collectivity, functionality, challenges and personal growth are highlighted. Meanwhile, stories of combat, conflict and war are absent.

The purpose of this paper is to study how ICA construct ecologically through their organic food packaging. Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) is used to analyze the semiotic resources existing on food packaging, as well as identify underlying power and ideological conditions. As our analysis is based on our own interpretations, and that multimodal critical discourse analysis is a social constructionist theory, our study includes social constructionism. One conclusion of our study is that all organic products, whether design, convey some kind of discourse about purity, and that it can be expressed in different ways. ICA show this through a white and modern design which is a new thinking when it comes to organic food packaging. There is no traditional, authentic or Swedish about the products like the other organic products in the study.

Cette thèse de doctorat n’a pas visé à établir « le » sens du texte. Au contraire, elle a cherché à concevoir le pluriel du texte par l’intermédiaire du concept lacanien d’objet a (objet petit a). Ce dernier ne peut être saisi que par l’intermédiaire de ses effets. En tant qu’objets partiels, la voix, le regard et le style sont des figurations métonymiques de l’objet a.Certes, il est patent que le concept d’objet a a constitué l’ossature logique de nos analyses littéraires, mais ces analyses ont été tout sauf pures. Assurément, nous nous sommes fréquemment référés à des concepts psychanalytiques, toutefois nous nous sommes souvent permis d’orienter nos recherches vers d’autres approches (philosophique, générique, idéologique, structurale, rythmique, stylistique, etc.).L’étude des Trois Contes de Gustave Flaubert et les Tales of Unrest de Joseph Conrad nous a donné l’occasion de mettre au jour l’existence de deux forces : d’une part, la force qui concerne la parole, l’œil et le style comme objet du désir de maîtrise de l’écrivain-artisan ; d’autre part, la force qui relève de la voix, du regard et du style comme « signifiance », c’est-à-dire comme « travail radical (il ne laisse rien intact) à travers lequel le sujet explore comment la langue le travaille et le défait dès lors qu’il y entre ». / This doctoral thesis has not aimed at establishing “the” meaning of the text. On the contrary, it has sought to conceive the plurality of the text through Lacan’s concept of objet petit a (object small a). The latter can be grasped only through its effects. As part-objects, voice, gaze, and style are metonymic figurations of objet petit a.Admittedly, it is patently obvious that the object a has constituted the logical framework of our literary analyses, but these analyses have been anything but pure ones. Of course, we have frequently referred to psychoanalytic concepts, however, we have often permitted ourselves to orient our investigation towards other approaches (philosophical, generic, ideological, structural, rhythmical, stylistic etc.).The study of two collection of tales by two different authors – Trois Contes by Gustave Flaubert and Joseph Conrad’s Tales of Unrest – has been the occasion to bring to light the existence of two forces: on the one hand, the force which concerns speech, eye, and style as the object of the desire of the writer as a craftsman, and, on the other, the force which pertains to voice, gaze, and style as a signifying production (signifiance), i.e. as “radical work (which leaves nothing intact) through which the subject explores how language works him and undoes him as soon as he stops observing it and enters it”.

O eixo principal que estrutura este trabalho é, num sentido amplo, a busca pelo entendimento dos modos de dominação característicos das sociedades modernas. É nessa direção que retomamos a clássica noção de ideologia cunhada em seu teor crítico pela obra de Karl Marx , pois ela aponta, no interior das sociedades capitalistas, para o processo social de produção de ideias, valores e representações cuja função é ocultar e legitimar as divisões de uma determinada ordem social. Nosso objetivo é acompanhar os desdobramentos desse debate na cena francesa do século XX, elegendo duas importantes contribuições: uma fornecida pelo filósofo Claude Lefort, outra, pelo sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu. Embora situados em campos disciplinares diferentes, os trabalhos de Lefort e Bourdieu confluem em direção a uma reformulação das bases a partir das quais os fenômenos ideológicos são tratados, ampliando as perspectivas de análise e lançando uma nova luz sobre eles. Tecida por uma relação crítica com o marxismo, a trajetória lefortiana permite acompanhar o trabalho histórico de um pensamento que busca apreender o surgimento, a especificidade, as formas e as transformações da ideologia nas sociedades modernas. Os trabalhos de Bourdieu, por sua vez, desvelam e caracterizam o modo de dominação moderno concebido enquanto violência simbólica, fenômeno baseado no acordo objetivamente orquestrado entre as estruturas sociais objetivas e as estruturas cognitivas dos agentes. Envolvendo e ultrapassando a noção de ideologia, a violência simbólica é operante na medida em que os agentes participam da dominação e conferem a ela um reconhecimento baseado no desconhecimento dos mecanismos pelos quais a ordem social se produz, reproduz e se legitima. Situando suas heranças e distanciamentos perante a tradição inaugurada por Marx, buscamos refletir sobre o alcance das concepções que esses dois pensadores nos legaram: ideologia enquanto recusa da historicidade, do conflito e da indeterminação constitutiva do político, em Lefort, e enquanto conjunto de práticas e estilos de vida fundados na dominação simbólica, em Bourdieu. / This work is structured, in a broad sense, as an attempt to understand the modes of domination characteristic of modern societies. It is in this perspective that we take into account the classical notion of ideology, as it was critically developed by Karl Marx. This term points out the social process of production of ideas, values and representations within capitalist societies, whose function consists in hiding and legitimizing the divisions of a social order. Our aim is to follow the developments of this debate in the French philosophical scene of the twentieth century, choosing two important contributions in particular: one provided by the philosopher Claude Lefort, another by the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. Although located in different fields, Bourdieu and Lefort\'s works converge towards a reformulation of the bases from which the ideological phenomena are conceived, by enlarging the analytical perspectives and casting a new light on them. In a constant critical relationship with the Marxism, the lefortian trajectory allows us to follow the historical movement of a thought, which seeks to apprehend the rise as well as the specificities, forms and transformations of ideology in modern societies. The work of Bourdieu, in turn, unveils and characterizes the modern way of domination conceived as a symbolic violence; it is a phenomenon based on the agreement objectively orchestrated between social structures and the cognitive structures of agents. Involving and overcoming the notion of ideology, the concept of symbolic violence becomes effective when the agents participate in the domination. They give it a recognition based on ignorance of the mechanisms by which social order is produced, reproduced and legitimized. Considering the heritages and distances of the two thinkers with reference to a tradition inaugurated by Marx, we try to reflect on the scope of the main concepts that they leaved us: ideology as a refusal of historicity, of conflict and of political indeterminacy in Lefort, and as a set of practices and styles of life grounded in symbolic domination in Bourdieu.