This is a study of the semantics and proof theory of the logic of bunched implications (BI), which is promoted as a logic of (computational) resources, and is a foundational component of separation logic, an approach to program analysis. BI combines an additive, or intuitionistic, fragment with a multiplicative fragment. The additive fragment has full use of the structural rules of weakening and contraction, and the multiplicative fragment has none. Thus it contains two conjunctive and two implicative connectives. At various points, we illustrate a resource view of BI based upon the Kripke resource semantics. Our first original contribution is the formulation of a proof system for BI in the newly developed proof-theoretical formalism of the calculus of structures. The calculus of structures is distinguished by its employment of deep inference, but we already see deep inference in a limited form in the established proof theory for BI. We show that our system is sound with respect to the elementary Kripke resource semantics for BI, and complete with respect to a formulation of the partially-defined Kripke resource semantics. Our second contribution is the development from a semantic standpoint of preliminary ideas for a hybrid logic of bunched implications (HBI). We give a Kripke semantics for HBI in which nominal propositional atoms can be seen as names for resources, rather than as names for locations, as is the case with related proposals for BI-Loc and for intuitionistic hybrid logic.

With transformative initiatives like the UK's 100,000 Genomes Project underway, vast amounts of data from genome sequencing are being generated. Genomic results are being actively returned to participants, although policies around their management remain inconsistent and a subject of debate. Secondary findings (SF) have been of particular concern - variants associated with health conditions other than the indication for sequencing, which may or may not be medically actionable. I have conducted a mixed methods study to explore the current transitional period and the issue of secondary findings, and inform future management. Following a narrative review of the literature around SF in genome sequencing and a focused systematic review of primary studies on stakeholder views towards the subject (Part I), gaps in the current literature were identified. These were, chiefly: (1) the need for diverse stakeholder views based on experience making actual decisions around SF; and, (2) empirical data - phenotypic, psychological, behavioural - on actual returned SF. Thus, taking advantage of the local programme of translational genome sequencing, I conducted qualitative studies involving genomic healthcare professionals and genome sequencing participants, to explore their views towards genomic medicine and SF (Part II). Following this, I detail a case study illustrating the process and challenges of returning an SF, as well as outline a study designed to collect empirical data on actual returned SF and present preliminary data to this end (Part III). I illustrate that secondary findings will be a part of tomorrow's genomic medicine: cautious optional screening of actionable SF (including treatable conditions and carrier status information) appears favourable. However, if SF are to be a part of the genomic medicine paradigm, several barriers must be considered: insufficient connectivity between specialties, variant interpretation, clinical interpretation and management, and overpromise and expectations (including recontact in light of new information). In order to overcome these challenges, individuals in unselected populations must be prospectively phenotyped to derive more accurate estimates of population-level penetrance and better understand the full phenotypic spectrum, and we must explore the downstream impact of disclosure. As genome sequencing is mainstreamed, clear evidence-based guidelines for SF in genome sequencing will be essential if harms are to be minimised and benefits are to be maximised, both for participants and the healthcare system at large. At this point, albeit cautiously, we must 'learn by doing'.

O presente estudo está pautado em uma pesquisa que busca analisar as práticas das equipes gestoras nas escolas de uma rede de ensino confessional, concentrado no seguinte questionamento: Existe coerência entre os discursos e as ações das equipes gestoras nas escolas da rede de ensino confessional e de que forma estes discursos e estas ações implicam na práxis docente? Para construção do processo de pesquisa, optou-se por um estudo de caso, com enfoque teórico-metodológico qualitativo, e os instrumentos que estão sendo utilizados para a coleta de dados da pesquisa são a análise de documentos, observações participantes, questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise dos dados optou-se pela análise de discurso. Os achados da pesquisa demonstram que existem, sim, incoerências que geram aproximações e distanciamentos entre os desejos expressos nos documentos que norteiam as escolas/unidades de ensino da rede de ensino pesquisadas. Essas incoerências perpassam linhas muito mais tênues do que o desejo consciente do gestor e na maioria das vezes surgem sem que o próprio gestor ou as equipes gestoras percebam que ocorreu ou como ocorreu. Existe a necessidade de repensar não só o papel das equipes gestoras e os processos de formação das mesmas, mas também os processos nos quais estas estão inseridas e a forma como estes processos interferem na produção das incoerências encontradas no dia a dia da gestão. / This study is based on a research which seeks to analyze the practices of school management teams in the schools of a network of confessional teaching, concentrated on the following questioning: Is there consistency between the discourse and the actions of the management teams of the schools of the confessional schools network and in what way do this discourse and these actions implicate in the teaching praxis? For the construction of the research process, we opted for a case study with a qualitative theoretical-methodological focus and the instruments which are being used for collecting the data for the research are: analysis of documents, participant observations, semi-structured questionnaires and interviews. For the analysis of the data we opted to use discourse analysis. The findings of the research show that inconsistencies do exist which generate approximations and distancing between the desires expressed in the documents which guide the educational schools/units of the teaching network researched. These inconsistencies permeate lines much more tenuous than the conscious desire of the manager and most of the time arise without the manager him/her self or the managing teams perceiving that it happened or how it happened. There is a need to rethink not only the role of the management teams and the processes of their formation, but also the processes in which they are inserted and how these processes interfere in the production of the inconsistencies found day to day in management.

abstract: This dissertation research investigates the social implications of computing artifacts that make use of sensor driven self-quantification to implicitly or explicitly direct user behaviors. These technologies are referred to here as self-sensoring prescriptive applications (SSPA’s). This genre of technological application has a strong presence in healthcare as a means to monitor health, modify behavior, improve health outcomes, and reduce medical costs. However, the commercial sector is quickly adopting SSPA’s as a means to monitor and/or modify consumer behaviors as well (Swan, 2013). These wearable devices typically monitor factors such as movement, heartrate, and respiration; ostensibly to guide the users to better or more informed choices about their physical fitness (Lee & Drake, 2013; Swan, 2012b). However, applications that claim to use biosensor data to assist in mood maintenance and control are entering the market (Bolluyt, 2015), and applications to aid in decision making about consumer products are on the horizon as well (Swan, 2012b). Interestingly, there is little existing research that investigates the direct impact biosensor data have on decision making, nor on the risks, benefits, or regulation of such technologies. The research presented here is inspired by a number of separate but related gaps in existing literature about the social implications of SSPA’s. First, how SSPA’s impact individual and group decision making and attitude formation within non-medical-care domains (e.g. will a message about what product to buy be more persuasive if it claims to have based the recommendation on your biometric information?). Second, how the design and designers of SSPA’s shape social behaviors and third, how these factors are or are not being considered in future design and public policy decisions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2016

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1616392 bytes, checksum: 7ab081b2e6345317595706149a40974c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this dissertation is to analyse psychosocial implications of the precocious work for adults. For this, it was adopted as theoretical referential Vigotski s Historic-cultural Psychology to comprehend the consciousness and experience; it was opted for classical authors like Marx (1987), Engels (1985) e Thompson (1987) and contemporaneous like Antunes (2000) e Valla (2005) to define the category objective conditions of life. To define precocious work, it was chosen the conceptions of Costa (1990) and Alberto (2002). In terms of method, it was used as instrument the open interview leaded by a guide inspired in the technical of life s history, that contemplated four blocks, objective conditions of life in the childhood, precocious work, conditions of adult life and implications of the precocious work to the adult life. It was interviewed seven participants, from 31 to 55 years old, and it was used to delimitate the sample, the saturation criterion of Minayo (2008). The technical of analysis adopted was the analysis of discursive practices of Spink (2004), in which it was sought to identify the repertoires of meaning of the participants about a thematic, by using maps and trees of association of ideas. Data showed that participants, during childhood, had migration history, financial needs, creation by only one of the parents and domestic violence in some cases. Participants identified that entry into work happened around seven years old, mostly, into domestic work, agriculture, open air markets and into the streets, to work to family or to others. The work activities were marked by many hours of work and by low payment or even absence of payment. The meaning of the discourse of the participants reveals implications, both positive and negative. Among positive ones, they reproduce the society s discourse about precocious work as training and responsibility. Among positive ones, they reproduce the society s discourse about precocious work as training and gives responsibility. At the same time, precocious work appears as being negative by: disrupting schooling; bringing, to some participants, implications for health and for obtaining employment in the current life; promoting the loss of childhood; and bringing implications to relationship with sons. Current life is marked by informal employment or unemployment, and the benefit of the Programa Bolsa Família (Governmental Program to help low-income families) has an important function in maintaining family. It is concluded that, to these participants, the meanings that precocious work assumes are contradictories; it is seen as bringing positive and negative implications at the same time, besides showing that there is a fragmented consciousness about their histories and about relation between their past and present. It is comprehended that precocious work brings marks to subjectivity of these subjects at the moment it denies to them the access to schooling and to knowledge available in their culture, takes away from them or reduces the experience of essential activities to development, like playing, and brings implications to the construction of identity, due to precocious responsibility assumed. / O objetivo da presente dissertação é analisar as implicações psicossociais do trabalho precoce em adultos. Para tal, adotou-se como referencial teórico a Psicologia Histórico-cultural de Vigotski, para compreender a consciência e a vivência; optou-se por autores clássicos como Marx (1987), Engels (1985) e Thompson (1987) e contemporâneos como Antunes (2000) e Valla (2005) para definir a categoria condições objetivas de vida. Para definir trabalho precoce, foram escolhidos os conceitos de Costa (1990) e Alberto (2002). Em termos de método, foi utilizada como instrumento a entrevista aberta guiada por um roteiro inspirado na técnica da história de vida, que contemplou quatro blocos: condições objetivas de vida na infância, trabalho precoce, condições de vida adulta e implicações do trabalho precoce para a vida adulta. Entrevistaram-se sete participantes, com idades entre 31 a 55 anos, e utilizou-se, para delimitação da amostra, o critério de saturação de Minayo (2008). A técnica de análise adotada foi a análise das práticas discursivas de Spink (2004), na qual buscou-se identificar os repertórios de sentido dos participantes acerca de uma temática, através de mapas e árvores de associação de idéias. Os dados mostraram que os participantes, durante a infância, tinham um histórico de migrações, necessidades financeiras, criação por apenas um dos genitores e violência doméstica em alguns casos. Os participantes identificaram que a entrada no trabalho dava-se por volta dos sete anos de idade, sobretudo, no trabalho doméstico, na agricultura, nas feiras livres e nas ruas, trabalhando para a família ou para terceiros. As atividades de trabalho eram marcadas pelas longas jornadas e pela baixa remuneração ou até mesmo a ausência desta. O sentido do discurso dos participantes revela implicações do trabalho precoce, tanto positivas quanto negativas. Dentre as positivas, reproduzem o discurso da sociedade acerca do trabalho precoce como formador e que confere responsabilidade. Ao mesmo tempo, o trabalho aparece como sendo negativo por: atrapalhar a escolarização; trazer, para alguns participantes, implicações para a saúde e para a obtenção de emprego na vida atual; promover a perda da infância; e trazer implicações para a relação com os filhos. A vida atual é marcada pelo emprego informal ou desemprego, tendo o benefício do Programa Bolsa Família papel relevante na manutenção familiar. Conclui-se que, para estes participantes, os sentidos que o trabalho precoce assume são contraditórios, visto como trazendo implicações positivas e negativas ao mesmo tempo, além de revelar que há uma consciência fragmentada acerca de sua história e da relação entre seu passado e presente. Compreende-se que o trabalho precoce traz marcas para a subjetividade, no momento em que lhes nega o acesso à escolarização e aos conhecimentos disponíveis em sua cultura, tira-lhes ou reduz a vivência de atividades essenciais para o desenvolvimento, como a brincadeira, e traz implicações para a construção da identidade, devido à responsabilidade precoce assumida.

Orientador: Eduardo Daruge Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T01:19:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caputo_IsamaraGeandraCavalcanti_M.pdf: 1294241 bytes, checksum: 2d36f854727c093fdc1742419a0a20a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A Odontologia como profissão da área da saúde, têm mostrado uma enorme evolução em seus procedimentos, materiais e técnicas a fim de promover a reabilitação do complexo maxilo-mandibular. Independente de sua evolução, e infinitos horizontes que pode alcançar, ela não está livre de riscos que podem acontecer no seu dia-dia. O Cirurgião-Dentista (CD), em seu cotidiano laborativo está intimamente ligado com o risco de ocorrer em seu consultório uma emergência médica. Mesmo não sendo comuns, essas emergências podem acontecer em ambiente odontológico. Podem acometer qualquer indivíduo, antes, durante ou após a intervenção odontológica. Desta maneira além dos acometimentos relativos à saúde de seus pacientes o CD também está às vistas com as implicações legais que estas emergências geram para o profissional. Neste contexto, o CD tem que se ater a toda responsabilidade que tem para com o paciente, no sentido promoção de saúde, e no sentido legal. O CD deve estar preparado para todos os eventos que possam a vir a acontecer em seu ambiente de trabalho. Uma avaliação do estado geral de saúde de seus pacientes, adoção de medidas preventivas e jurídicas, dá maior segurança no atendimento. Em vista destes fatos, o presente estudo visou obter dados sobre as ocorrências de emergências médicas nos consultórios odontológicos na cidade de Ribeirão Preto - SP, se os CDs estão preparados para este tipo de atendimento, bem como, se conhecem as implicações éticas e legais as quais estão submetidos, além de oferecer aos profissionais uma orientação legal para esses possíveis acontecimentos, elucidando as implicações éticas e legais as quais estão impostos / Abstract: The Odontology as health profession has shown an enormous development in yours, and its procedures, materials and techniques in order to promote the rehabilitation of complex maxillo madibular. Independently of its development, and infinite horizons that can be achieved, it is not free of risk which may occur in their day-day. The Surgeon-Dentist, in their day work is closely linked with the risk of occur in your office A medical emergency. Even not being common, such emergencies may occur in the dental office. May tackle any individual, before, during or after the dentistry intervention. In this way higher than the events allied to the health of their patients the dentist is also engaged with the legal implications that these emergencies generate to professional. In this context, the dentist has to know to the entire responsibility for the patient, to health promotion, and in the sense legally. The dentist must be prepared for all the events that can happen in their workplace. An assessment of the general state of health of their patients, the adoption of the preventive and legal measures, gives greater security in service. In view of those facts, this study aimed at obtaining the occurrence of medical emergencies in the dental office in the city of Ribeirao Preto - SP, if the dentists are prepared for this type of care, as well as, if you know the ethical and legal implications which are submitted, in addition to offer professional legal guidance for such possible events, elucidating the ethical and legal implications which are subordinates / Mestrado / Odontologia Legal e Deontologia / Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-22T16:54:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline de Alvernaz.pdf: 3258845 bytes, checksum: 8738241ca38b7ab5f62b9fe9933a3457 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T16:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline de Alvernaz.pdf: 3258845 bytes, checksum: 8738241ca38b7ab5f62b9fe9933a3457 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / Over the years, the assessment is the subject of much debate in the field of school education. This is because evaluate an action that requires from the teacher a political-pedagogical commitment, making it a complex, subjective and specific task. Complex because it requires a constant deep study on the subject. Subjective by the fact that each teacher uses the evaluation in a manner and adapts it to his/her reality. And specific because it considers the specific characteristics of each school, each class, each student. On the national scene, it has adopted the External Assessment as public policy on the grounds of ensuring the quality of education offered in the school systems. The external assessment seems to reflect the results of some political and pedagogical practices that have been adopted by school systems, with implications in the school routine. The objective of this research, with a qualitative aspect, was to check the implications of the external assessment in the teaching-learning evaluation practices and the pedagogical work organization in the school, as well as identify how the school actors interpret educational policies related to external assessment. We analyze the perceptions, attitudes and behaviors of the teachers, the administrators and the students regarding the evaluation of teaching-learning and the pedagogical work organization, examining the concepts and procedures related to the evaluation process. To achieve the objectives, we adopted as cut two schools in the Public School System of Rio de Janeiro, in the county of Belford Roxo, submitted to the External Assessment of SAERJ, being one among those with better rates and getting bonus; and the other one among those with lower rates and getting no bonus. In the two school units, representatives of the management team were selected; five teachers who work in high school, covering each of the four areas of knowledge, in addition to physical education teacher; and six students who took SAERJ, who volunteered themselves. Students data were collected through a trainee of the Focus Group and other subjects through semi-structured interviews and they were transcribed, categorized and analyzed. The results pointed to inflexible practices of assessment and an overvaluation of objective tests that reproduce the patterns of external assessment. There is a predominance of the quantitative aspects over the qualitative and characterization of the model essentially Classificatory of the evaluation in the teaching-learning process. / Ao longo dos anos, a avalia??o ? tema de grandes discuss?es no ?mbito da educa??o escolar. Isto porque avaliar ? uma a??o que requer do professor um compromisso pol?tico-pedag?gico, tornando esta tarefa complexa, subjetiva e espec?fica. Complexa porque demanda um constante estudo e aprofundamento sobre o tema. Subjetiva pelo fato de que cada professor utiliza a avalia??o de uma maneira e a adapta a sua realidade. E espec?fica porque considera as especificidades de cada escola, cada turma, cada aluno. No cen?rio nacional, tem-se adotado as Avalia??es Externas como pol?tica p?blica com a justificativa de garantir a qualidade da educa??o oferecida nas redes. A avalia??o externa parece refletir resultados de algumas pol?ticas e pr?ticas pedag?gicas que t?m sido adotadas pelas redes de ensino, acarretando implica??es no cotidiano escolar. O objetivo desta pesquisa, de car?ter qualitativo, foi verificar as implica??es da avalia??o externa nas pr?ticas de avalia??o do ensino-aprendizagem e na organiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico na escola, bem como identificar como os atores escolares interpretam as pol?ticas educacionais associadas ? avalia??o externa. Analisamos as percep??es, atitudes e comportamentos dos professores, gestores e alunos em rela??o ? avalia??o do ensino-aprendizagem e ? organiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico, examinando as concep??es e procedimentos relativos ao processo avaliativo. Para a concretiza??o dos objetivos, adotaram-se como recorte duas escolas da Rede Estadual de Ensino do Rio de Janeiro, no munic?pio de Belford Roxo, submetidas ? Avalia??o Externa do SAERJ, sendo uma entre aquelas com melhores ?ndices e recebendo bonifica??o; e outra entre aquelas com menores ?ndices e sem ganho de bonifica??o. Nas duas unidades escolares, selecionaram-se representantes da equipe diretiva; cinco professores que atuam no Ensino M?dio, contemplando cada uma das quatro ?reas de conhecimento, al?m do professor de Educa??o F?sica; e seis alunos que realizaram o SAERJ, que se voluntariaram. Os dados dos alunos foram coletados atrav?s da t?cnica de Grupo Focal e dos demais sujeitos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e foram transcritos, categorizados e analisados. Os resultados apontaram para um engessamento das pr?ticas avaliativas e uma supervaloriza??o dos testes objetivos que reproduzem os moldes das avalia??es externas. H? a predomin?ncia dos aspectos quantitativos sobre os qualitativos e a caracteriza??o do modelo essencialmente Classificat?rio da avalia??o do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

The purpose of this study was to analyze, from the teachers speeches, the Regime of Continued Progression, identifying and understanding its implications in the school organization. This educational politics was implanted, from 2001, in public schools from Santa Maria/RS, in order to diminish the reproof and school-leavers rates. Seeing that the Regime of Continued Progression implies in changes in evaluation process, I present a brief comment on the evaluation conceptions, on the ways of evaluating utilized in education, on the changes in the ways of evaluating from the 90s and a description about the operation of this Regime. To accomplish this study, a survey of the schools, which the Regime was implemented, was made. From this survey, in 11 schools, that had/has adopted the Regime, the documents of a school Pedagogic-Political Project and Regiment of school were analyzed, 110 questionnaires with open questions were applied to schoolmistress. After that, structured interviews were done with a pedagogical coordinator from first grades and with two (2) teachers from groups of progression. The choice for this school was due to the number of questionnaires answered and also due to the fact that the school had abandoned the Regime. The pieces of information obtained from textual analysis of school s documents, from application of questionnaires and also realization of interviews are related to, mainly, the changes in school organization after the adoption of the Regime, the evaluative process, the conceptions about this Regime as well about groups of progression from teachers. These pieces of information make evident that the teachers consider the Regime an imposition and, consequently, it caused a strong resistance for it by these professionals. At the same time, some positive changes also happened, for instance, the use of descriptions about the student s behavior and performance and groups of progression. Hence, it was possible to perceive that there was already teachers resistance to this Regime before it had been adopted. The changes caused by the adoption of the Regime increased the resistance to it, because teachers felt themselves without conditions to deal with unknown situations. Furthermore, these changes also involved the teachers conceptions of school, of education, of knowledge and so on. The Regime of Continued Progression brings the possibility for teachers rethink about their practices, reviewing their conceptions. / O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar o regime de progressão continuada (RPC), identificando e compreendendo suas implicações na organização escolar a partir de falas de professores. Esta política educacional foi implantada nas escolas da Rede Estadual de Ensino (REE) do município de Santa Maria/RS a partir do ano de 2001, visando amenizar os índices de reprovação e de evasão. Tendo em vista que o RPC continuada implica em mudanças no processo avaliativo, apresento uma breve reflexão sobre as concepções e práticas avaliativas presentes em nossa educação, as transformações na avaliação propostas a partir da década de 90 e a descrição do funcionamento e operacionalização do RPC. Para a realização deste estudo, foi feito um mapeamento das escolas que adotaram e adotam o regime. A partir desse mapeamento foram selecionadas onze (11) escolas onde foram analisados os documentos escolares Projetos Político-Pedagógicos (PPP) e Regimento Escolar (RE), e aplicado 110 questionários abertos aos professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Posteriormente, foi escolhida uma (01) escola onde foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas com a coordenadora pedagógica dos anos iniciais e com duas (2) professoras das turmas de progressão (TP). A opção por esta escola ocorreu devido ao número de questionários retornados e pelo fato da escola ter abolido o regime. A análise das informações obtidas a partir da análise textual dos documentos escolares, aplicação de questionários e realização de entrevistas abordou, principalmente, as mudanças na organização escolar após a adoção do RPC, o processo avaliativo, as concepções dos professores em relação ao regime e às TP. Essas informações evidenciaram que os professores caracterizam o regime como uma imposição e, conseqüentemente, provocou uma forte resistência desses profissionais. Ao mesmo tempo, algumas mudanças repercutiram positivamente entre os docentes; como, por exemplo o uso dos pareceres descritivos e as turmas de progressão. Portanto, foi possível constatar que a resistência dos professores já existia antes do regime ser implantado. As mudanças que acompanharam o processo de adoção do regime agravaram a resistência, pois os professores sentiram-se despreparados para lidar com situações que eles desconheciam. Além disso, essas mudanças também envolveram uma outra postura em relação a concepções de escola, de educação, de conhecimento entre outros, que os professores demonstram. O RPC trouxe a possibilidade dos professores repensarem as suas práticas docentes, revendo suas concepções

Magister Legum - LLM / This thesis focuses on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Angola and on constraints encountered by investors. It discusses the new Investment Law, resulting from a comprehensive law reform in 2003, as well as investment incentives destined to attract FDI into the territory, furthermore: the legal definitions of FDI and of “Investor”; the Angolan private international law; the main constraints (investment barriers) encountered by investors, after and before entering the Angolan territory; the legal protection afforded to investors, and some examples of FDI and their implications in Angola. The author also analyses investment and intra-trade within the Sub-Saharan region, Angola under modes 3 and 4 of GATS, and other aspects of foreign (as well as private) investment, including on what has been done and what should still be achieved under the SADC Trade, Finance and Investment Protocol from 2005 onwards. This analysis, it is hoped, will contribute to the better understanding of the implications and benefits of FDI in Angola, considering the recent increase of inflows of FDI, as well, as to what extent and how the Government should continue to control and direct, as well as encourage FDI. To conclude, the impact (positive -negative) of FDI in the Angolan society, economy and for the environment will be discussed. Together with the chapters describing the legal framework for FDI, these parts are intended to provide a better insight into the legal, economic and social background for investing and for doing business in Angola, and what type of protection investors can expect from the country, whilst information and academic materials on this subject matter continue to be scarce and difficult to access. / South Africa

Salmon aquaculture can be a potential solution to bridge the gap between declining capture fisheries and increasing seafood demand. However, the environmental impacts it creates have generated criticism. The overall objectives of this dissertation are to examine the economic consequences of environmental issues associated with salmon aquaculture, and to explore policy implications and recommendations for reducing environmental impacts. These objectives are addressed in five main analyses. The growth of salmon aquaculture is analyzed based on farmed salmon production in the four leading producing countries and the sector as a whole. Analyses indicate that salmon aquaculture is unlikely to continue to grow at its current pace. A joint production function approach is used to estimate pollution abatement costs for the salmon aquaculture industry. Results reveal that pollution abatement costs vary among observations and models. On average, pollution abatement cost is estimated at 3.5% in terms of total farmed salmon production, and 6.5% in terms of total revenue of farmed salmon. The ecological and economic impacts of sea lice from salmon farms on wild salmon population and fisheries are also studied. Analyses suggest that these effects are minor when the sea lice induced mortality rate is below 20%, while they can be severe if the mortality is greater than 30%. Sea lice have greater ecological and economic impacts on pink salmon than on chum salmon. These effects are greater under a fixed exploitation rate than under a target escapement policy. The economic performance of open netcage and sea-bag production systems for salmon aquaculture is compared. Netcage systems appear to be more economically profitable than sea-bag systems when environmental costs are either not or only partially included. Sea-bag systems can be financially profitable only when the salmon they produce can achieve a price premium. Finally, policy implications are explored and recommendations are made for sustaining salmon aquaculture in a holistic manner based on the results from previous chapters. Technologies, economic-based instruments and more stringent environmental policies can be employed to reduce environmental impacts. However, there is no single solution to solve these environmental impacts, and a combination of policy options is needed. / Science, Faculty of / Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for / Graduate