Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-12-18T13:43:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Rogério Gomes Furtado - 2013.pdf: 8231426 bytes, checksum: 27a3b18b8a08192dc1223e0b4a48c1b8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-12-18T14:07:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Rogério Gomes Furtado - 2013.pdf: 8231426 bytes, checksum: 27a3b18b8a08192dc1223e0b4a48c1b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-18T14:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Rogério Gomes Furtado - 2013.pdf: 8231426 bytes, checksum: 27a3b18b8a08192dc1223e0b4a48c1b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of systolic and diastolic right ventricular (RV) in patients with indeterminate form of Chagas Disease (FDIC) and compare with asymptomatic patients without this condition. Methods: An observational, case-control, descriptive and prevalent study in which 91 patients were divided into 2 groups: group I (normal n = 31) and group II (FIDC normal cardiac n = 61). Were performed 2D Doppler echocardiography in adult patients, applying the criteria assessment of systolic and diastolic RV. Results: The general characteristics of both groups: age (39.73 ± 12.94 vs 45.32 ± 12.36, p = 0.071), weight in kg (71.29 ± 14.91 vs 67.66 ± 12, 37 with p = 0.270), Height in cm (159.24 ± 32.63 vs 156.88 ± 30.56, p = 0.749), ISC (1.77 ± 0.24 vs 1.69 ± 0.19 with p = 0.174) , female sex (24/77, 4% vs 45/73, 8%, p = 0.190) ,heart rate (FC) in bpm ( 71,90 ± 10,43 vs 70,36 ± 9,83), diastolic dimension of LV ( LVDD) em mm ( 46,71± 5,21 vs 46,05 ± 5,22) e ejection fracion of LV ( % por Teicholz) (73,55 ± 6,66 vs 73,56 ± 7,35). The prevalence of RV systolic dysfunction in normal patients and FIDC, using criteria such as FAC <35%, TAM <16mm and systolic S wave velocity <10 cm / s tissue Doppler was: FAC (- / 0.0% vs 1 / 0.6%, p = 0.663), TAM (- / 0.0% vs. - / 0.0%, p = 1.00) and S wave (2/6,4% vs 16/26% with p = 0.016) and a weak correlation (r = 0.31) between age and S wave (p = 0.019). The prevalence of RV global dysfunction in normal patients and FIDC : RIPM of TD(5/16,1% vs 17/27,8% , p=0,099) and RIPM of DP(19/61,3% vs 42/68,8%,p 0,141).The prevalence of RV diastolic dysfunction in groups I and II respectively, according to the criteria established by guideline43: abnormal relaxation AR (- / 0.0% vs 4/ 6.0%, p = 0.187), pseudonormal pattern PP (-/0,0 vs. -/0,0% p = 1,00) and restrictive pattern PR (-/0,0% vs -/0,0%, p = 1,000), with no significant difference in diastolic dysfunction in both groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of RV systolic dysfunction was estimated at 26% (S-wave velocity compared to other variables with p significant, with a weak correlation between the S wave velocity and age) and was not observed statistically significant criteria for diastolic dysfunction between groups. / Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de disfunção sistólica e diastólica do Ventrículo Direito (VD) em pacientes com forma indeterminada da doença de Chagas (FIDC) e comparar com pacientes assintomáticos sem esta patologia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, caso-controle, descritivo e de prevalência, na qual 91 pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo I (normal com n = 31) e grupo II (FIDC/normalidade cardíaca n = 61). Foram realizados nos pacientes adultos Dopplerecocardiograma 2D, aplicando os critérios de avaliação da função sistólica e diastólica do VD. Resultados: As características gerais de ambos grupos foram : idade (39,73 ± 12,94 vs 45,32 ± 12,36 com p = 0,071), peso em Kg (71,29 ± 14,91 vs 67,66 ± 12,37 com p = 0,270), altura em cm (159,24 ± 32,63 vs 156,88 ± 30,56 com p = 0,749), índice de superfície corpórea (ISC) (1,77 ± 0,24 vs 1,69 ± 0,19 com p = 0,174), sexo feminino (24/77,4% vs 45/73,8% com p = 0,190), frequência cardíaca (FC) em bpm ( 71,90 ± 10,43 vs 70,36 ± 9,83), dimensão diastólica do VE ( DDVE) em mm ( 46,71± 5,21 vs 46,05 ± 5,22) e fração de ejeção do VE ( % por Teicholz) (73,55 ± 6,66 vs 73,56 ± 7,35). A prevalência da disfunção sistólica do VD em pacientes normais e FIDC, utilizando critérios como Mudança de Área Fracional (MAF) < 35%, Mobilidade do Anel Tricuspídeo (MAT) < 16mm e velocidade da onda sistólica ao Doppler tecidual (ondaS) < 10 cm/s foi: MAF (- /0,0% vs 1/0.6% com p = 0,663), MAT (- / 0,0% vs - / 0,0% com p = 1,00) e onda S (2/6,4% vs 16/26,0% com p = 0.016). Houve fraca correlação (r = 0,31) entre a idade e a onda S (p = 0,019). A prevalência da disfunção global do VD no grupo I e II respectivamente foi: Índice de Performance Miocárdica Direita do Doppler Tecidual IPMD do DT (5/16,1% vs 17/27,8% com p =0,099) e IPMD do Doppler Pulsado DP:(19/61,3% vs 42/68% com p= 0,141), sem diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos. A prevalência de disfunção diastólica do VD nos grupos I e II respectivamente, conforme os critérios estabelecidos pelas diretrizes 43: alteração do relaxamento AR (- / 0,0% vs 4 / 6,0%, p = 0,187), padrão pseudonormal PP (-/ 0,0% vs -/ 0,0%, p =1,00) e padrão restritivo PR (-/0,0% vs -/0,0%, p = 1,00), sem diferenças significativas de disfunção diastólica em ambos grupos. Conclusão: A prevalência de disfunção sistólica do VD foi estimada em 26% (velocidade da onda S em comparação a outras variáveis com p significante e fraca correlação entre a velocidade da onda S e idade) e não foram observados critérios estatisticamente significantes para disfunção diastólica e global entre os grupos.

No description available.

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, or CHIP are a family of mutations present in the general population. CHIP-mutations are prevalent in the haematopoietic stem cells and in the more mature cell populations, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and myeloid cells (CD3+, CD19+ and CD33+ cells) in blood. By separating these cell populations using magnetic isolation, extracting DNA from the cell populations, and detecting the same mutation in all cell populations, one can prove the presence of CHIP-mutations in a hematopoietic stem cell. At least 50 ng good quality DNA is needed for the gene analysis to detect CHIP-mutations. The magnet separated cell population may be very small, so the DNA extraction method must be optimized to achieve enough DNA yield. The main purpose of the method development was to compare two storage methods before DNA-extractions, and then three different DNA-quantification methods after the DNA-extractions. After the best storage and quantification methods were identified, five samples of cryo-preserved viable cells were used to isolate cell populations using magnetic beads covered in specific antibodies and a magnetic field, and then quantified. Results of the study showed that the best way was to store the cells in ATL-buffer and Proteinase K. To quantify DNA, qPCR was the most accurate method, since the other methods showed incorrect results because of the low DNA concentrations. Magnet cell separation was partly successful. All except one of the DNA yields from the cell separation protocols reached the critical amount of DNA, but some yields were not pure yields of the sought-after cell population. In general, the method must be worked on more with further research.

No description available.

Cette recherche qualitative a comme objectif de comprendre et d’analyser l’expérience pénale d’individus ayant été déclarés « délinquants dangereux » ou « délinquants à contrôler », en vertu des dispositions légales prévues à la Partie XXIV (articles 752 et suivantes) du Code criminel canadien. Plus spécifiquement, nous avons voulu mettre en lumière comment se vit l’apposition de ce statut « dangereux » au plan personnel et social au moment des procédures judiciaires, lors de l’exécution de leur peine d’incarcération et dans le cadre de leur liberté surveillée, le cas échéant. Pour ce faire, nous avons rencontré dix-neuf hommes visés par ces dispositions légales afin de restituer en profondeur leur expérience pénale par rapport à ce « statut » légalement imposé, et ce, à partir de leur point de vue. Il en ressort que les individus faisant l’objet d’une déclaration spéciale traversent un grand bouleversement émotif, d’une part, en lien avec les délits qu’ils ont commis et d’autre part, relativement à la peine leur ayant été imposée. Ces sentiments complexes semblent se positionner en paradoxe entre un sentiment de culpabilité pour les gestes commis et l’impression d’avoir été traités injustement. Les hommes rencontrés partagent également un parcours pénal difficile marqué par de l’exclusion, du rejet ainsi que des mauvais traitements physiques ou psychologiques. Ils rapportent beaucoup d’impuissance à pouvoir faire évoluer leur situation, soit de se défaire de leur statut « dangereux ». Enfin, l’analyse des propos rapportés montre que l’imposition d’une déclaration spéciale ne constitue pas une « simple » peine puisqu’elle induit un processus de stigmatisation immédiat, discréditant et permanent qui a des implications importantes au niveau social et personnel. Ces implications ont de fait, engendré une transformation à l’égard de la perception qu’ils ont d’eux-mêmes ainsi que dans leurs façons de se comporter socialement. / This thesis aims to understand and analyze the penal experiences of people who have been designated as “dangerous offenders” or “long-term offenders”; in virtue of Part XXIV (article 752 and following) of the Canadian Criminal Code. Nineteen men were interviewed as part of this study to get a deeper understanding of their experiences during their legal proceedings, while executing their prison sentence and in some cases during their long term supervision order. An important finding has shown that these individuals go through emotional turmoil; in part due to the crimes they have committed and in part due to the sentence that has been imposed on them. Additionally, some of the men felt that they had a difficult prison life marked by exclusion, rejection, and physical or psychological abuse. Over time they are left with the feeling that they are powerless in trying to improve their situation and in the end convince themselves that their situation is permanent. Labelling someone as “dangerous” appears to be much more than just a “regular” sentence. It immediately discredits them which in the end alters how they view themselves and impacts the way they interact with others.

As relações entre a Administração Pública e os cidadãos modificaram-se radicalmente ao longo das últimas décadas. Essa transformação também se reflete no âmbito do Direito Tributário. A administração tributária tem buscado adotar formas consensuais de prevenção ou solução de conflitos, pois o recurso ao Poder Judiciário demonstramorosidade e o prolongamento das demandas inevitavelmente traduz prejuízos para as partes envolvidas. O presente estudo enfoca o fenômeno dos contratos fiscais, assim entendidos os acordos firmados entre o Fisco e o contribuinte para a solução de problemas controversos envolvidos no processo de apuração e determinação da obrigação tributária. Analisam-se os limites à adoção de formas consensuais em matéria tributária, enfocando seu enquadramento com relação aos princípios da legalidade, tipicidade, igualdade, capacidade contributiva e especialmente da indisponibilidade do crédito tributário. Estudam-se os fenômenos da discricionariedade e concessão de margens de apreciação, uma vez que eles fundamentam a autonomia contratual da Administração Pública. São enfocados exemplos específicos de conceitos indeterminados, cláusulas gerais e outras formas de livre atuação administrativa em Direito Tributário. Considerando que contratos fiscais remete a um gênero, uma categoria superior que congrega diferentes formas de atuação pactuada da Administração Pública, apresenta-se sua conceituação e detalhes das suas características essenciais. São examinadas também as principais teorias para identificação da natureza jurídica específicas dos contratos fiscais, em torno das figuras de contrato ou ato administrativo. Enfocam-se ainda os principais fatores envolvidos na formação de tais contratos, bem como limites para sua revisão e anulação. São ressaltados detalhes específicos do papel da vontade do contribuinte nesse processo. Por último faz-se análise circunstanciadas das características de cinco espécies de contratos fiscais do Direito Tributário Brasileiro: acordos de fixação, regimes de quantificação padronizada dos tributos, soluções de consulta, contratos de isenção e transações em sentido estrito. / The relationship between public administration and citizens have changed radically over the past decades. This transformation is also reflected in the Tax Law. The tax administration has sought to adopt consensual ways of preventing or resolving conflicts, since the recourse to the judiciary demonstrates delays and prolongation of the demands inevitably translates into losses for the parties involved. This study focuses on the phenomenon of tax contracts, understood as the agreements between the IRS and the taxpayer to resolve controversial issues involved in the assessment and calculation of the tax liability. It examines the limits to the adoption of consensus regarding tax forms, focusing its framework with regard to the principles of legality, typicality, equality, ability to pay and especially the unavailability of the tax credit. We study the phenomena of discretion and margins of appreciation, since they underlie the contractual autonomy of the Public Administration. Particular attention is given to specific examples of indeterminate concepts, general clauses and other forms of administrative freedom of action in Tax Law. Whereas tax contracts is an expression that refers to a genre, a higher category that combines different forms of action agreed Public Administration, this study presents its concept and details of their essential characteristics. Also examined are the main theories to identify the specific legal nature of contracts tax, around the figures of contract or administrative act. Focus is still the main factors involved in the formation of such contracts, as well as limits for your review and annulment. It highlights specific details of the role of the will of the taxpayer in this process. Finally this study presents a detailed analysis of the characteristics of five species of contracts of the Brazilian Tax Law: agreements for the fixation of vagueness, contracts for standardized quantification of taxes, tax rulings, exemption contracts and transactions.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a concepção, formalização e ocupação da Marquise do Parque Ibirapuera, através de uma trajetória que se inicia com a definição do programa de necessidades para as comemorações do IV Centenário da cidade de São Paulo, na década de 50 do século passado. Onde foi tomada a decisão de realizar a construção do que seria o maior parque público da cidade, somado a um conjunto edificado que centralizaria a maioria das atividades propostas durante o período de festividades. Ao mesmo tempo que essa grande obra deveria mostrar a força do progresso do Estado, serviria de legado as próximas gerações. Assim, a construção do programa funcional e sua posterior concepção arquitetônica, de autoria de Oscar Niemeyer e equipe, se mostram fundamentais como fonte de análise para entender o surgimento do elemento de ligação, a grande marquise, entre os pavilhões temáticos propostos. A primeira parte do trabalho examina a evolução do projeto, seus precedentes e as adversidades enfrentadas durante o período de construção. A segunda parte diz respeito a observação e coleta de dados das atividades realizadas sob esta grande cobertura após a conclusão de sua construção. Demonstrando, através de uma amostragem significativa, sua capacidade de servir de suporte a inúmeros usos, sejam eles programados ou espontâneos, no decorrer dos ultimos 60 anos. Superando seu programa inicial de ligação e suporte aos pavilhões com que está conectado e se consolidando como um lugar de intenso convívio social e de encontros, aberto a imprevisibilidade, ao uso indeterminado. / This study aims to analyze the design, formalization and occupation of the Ibirapuera Park\'s Great Marquee, through a trajectory that begins with the definition of the architectural brief for the IV Centennial of the city of São Paulo celebrations in the 1950\'s. Then was the decision to undertake the construction of what would be the largest public park in the city, plus a built set centralizing most of the proposed activities during the festivities. At lhe same time this great work should show the strength of the State\'s progress, it would serve as a legacy to future generations. Thus, the construction of functional program and subsequent architectural design of Oscar Niemeyer and team, show up as a source of fundamental analysis to understand the emergence of the connecting element, a large marquee, between the proposed thematic pavilions. Showing the evolution of the design, its precedents and adversities during the construction period. Conforming the first part of this work. The second part of the work is concerned with the observation and data collection of the activities performed under this great cover upon completion of its construction. Demonstrating, through a significant sample size, its architectural ability to provide support to a number of uses, whether preprogrammed or spontaneous, over the last 60 years. Overcoming its initial briefing as a connection and support to the pavilions, it consolidates itself as a place of intense social life and meeting, open to unpredictability, to the indefinite use.

Deux populations de tortues d’Hermann (Testudo hermanni, une espèce à maturité tardive ~10 ans) ont été étudiées sur le continent et sur une île dans la région du lac Prespa en Macédoine. Avant la maturité, la croissance des tortues est lente, puis accélère, entrainant une augmentation des taux de survie annuelle (de 0.30 à 0.70) et des variations de taille. Un potentiel pour une croissance continue, le durcissement de la carapace et un plateau de survie à cinq ans (0.90) induisent de fortes variations interindividuelles des trajectoires de croissance, et donnent une gamme étendue des tailles asymptotiques. Nos données questionnent la notion d’une taille unique à maturité puisqu‘une augmentation progressive des taux de testostérone suggère que la maturité s’établit pour des tailles entre 115 et 140 mm. Dans le genre Testudo les femelles sont plus grandes que les mâles ; les estimations des tailles asymptotiques observées le confirment. Mais sur l’île les plus grandes tortues sont des mâles. Avec ~100 individus/ha et un sexe ratio opérationnel (OSR ♂/♀) de ~11, la coercition exercée par les mâles entraine des blessures cloacales chez les femelles et dégrade leur condition corporelle, augmentant les coûts des accouplements. La survie des mâles (0.97) surpasse celle des femelles (0.84). Les femelles insulaires ne vivent pas longtemps, sont détournées de la reproduction et le faible recrutement biaise encore le sexe ratio, poussant la population vers l’extinction. Les rares femelles souffrent tandis que les mâles frustrés exhibent des comportements homosexuels fréquents, voire exubérants. Ces résultats sont discutés dans un contexte de conservation. / Two populations, island and mainland, of promiscuous sexually coercive Hermann tortoises (Testudo hermanni, a species with delayed maturity ~10 years) from the Prespa Region in Macedonia were scrutinized. Prior maturity, tortoises first grow slowly, thereafter gradually increase growth speed, variation in body size and survival probability (mean annual survival rate: 0.30 to 0.70). Potential for indeterminate growth, progressive hardening of the carapace and a survival plateau at the age of five (0.90) promote inter-individual variations in growth trajectories and a wide range of adult asymptotic sizes. Our data question the classical notion of a given size at maturity; instead progressive raise of testosterone levels suggests that maturity is established in growing males ranging from 115 to 140mm in body length. In the Testudo genus females are larger than males; asymptotic estimates of body size show that the studied populations make no exception. Yet, the largest island tortoises are males. With ~100 individuals/ha and an operational sex ratio (OSR ♂/♀) of ~11, male sexual coercion provokes cloacal injuries to females and reduces their body-condition, increasing female mating costs. Male adult survival (0.97) is greater compared to female survival (0.84). Island females do not live long, are discouraged from reproduction and low recruitment further exacerbates OSR-bias, eventually leading to population extinction. Where females suffer and are underrepresented, frustrated males exhibit frequent same-sex sexual behaviours along with extravagant sexual behaviours. The results are discussed in a conservation framework.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a concepção, formalização e ocupação da Marquise do Parque Ibirapuera, através de uma trajetória que se inicia com a definição do programa de necessidades para as comemorações do IV Centenário da cidade de São Paulo, na década de 50 do século passado. Onde foi tomada a decisão de realizar a construção do que seria o maior parque público da cidade, somado a um conjunto edificado que centralizaria a maioria das atividades propostas durante o período de festividades. Ao mesmo tempo que essa grande obra deveria mostrar a força do progresso do Estado, serviria de legado as próximas gerações. Assim, a construção do programa funcional e sua posterior concepção arquitetônica, de autoria de Oscar Niemeyer e equipe, se mostram fundamentais como fonte de análise para entender o surgimento do elemento de ligação, a grande marquise, entre os pavilhões temáticos propostos. A primeira parte do trabalho examina a evolução do projeto, seus precedentes e as adversidades enfrentadas durante o período de construção. A segunda parte diz respeito a observação e coleta de dados das atividades realizadas sob esta grande cobertura após a conclusão de sua construção. Demonstrando, através de uma amostragem significativa, sua capacidade de servir de suporte a inúmeros usos, sejam eles programados ou espontâneos, no decorrer dos ultimos 60 anos. Superando seu programa inicial de ligação e suporte aos pavilhões com que está conectado e se consolidando como um lugar de intenso convívio social e de encontros, aberto a imprevisibilidade, ao uso indeterminado. / This study aims to analyze the design, formalization and occupation of the Ibirapuera Park\'s Great Marquee, through a trajectory that begins with the definition of the architectural brief for the IV Centennial of the city of São Paulo celebrations in the 1950\'s. Then was the decision to undertake the construction of what would be the largest public park in the city, plus a built set centralizing most of the proposed activities during the festivities. At lhe same time this great work should show the strength of the State\'s progress, it would serve as a legacy to future generations. Thus, the construction of functional program and subsequent architectural design of Oscar Niemeyer and team, show up as a source of fundamental analysis to understand the emergence of the connecting element, a large marquee, between the proposed thematic pavilions. Showing the evolution of the design, its precedents and adversities during the construction period. Conforming the first part of this work. The second part of the work is concerned with the observation and data collection of the activities performed under this great cover upon completion of its construction. Demonstrating, through a significant sample size, its architectural ability to provide support to a number of uses, whether preprogrammed or spontaneous, over the last 60 years. Overcoming its initial briefing as a connection and support to the pavilions, it consolidates itself as a place of intense social life and meeting, open to unpredictability, to the indefinite use.

The sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is widespread among animals but proximate mechanisms of its ontogeny are still poorly understood even in important groups of vertebrates such as reptiles. Previous experiments in geckos showed that growth of both sexes slows substantially at their older age. Their SSD develops considerably a long time after sexual maturity, it is associated with earlier growth deceleration in the smaller sex and it is controlled by ovarian rather than testicular steroids. The aim of the thesis was to explore the previous knowledge by studying the ontogenesis of the sexually-dimorphic bone growth of the gecko Paroedura picta, the male- larger species with the most explored proximate mechanisms of SSD among geckos. I was most interested in the ontogeny of the growth plates activity and the epiphyseal ossification of the femur in both sexes and their relationship to age, body length, gonadal activity and levels of sex-specific steroids (estradiol and testosterone). The results show that P. picta has determinate growth and that epiphyseal ossification does not contribute to the SSD. The femoral growth plates close at the same age in both sexes; however, their closure occurs at smaller body length in females than in males. In the context of this and the previous studies, estradiol or other...