Enligt Skollagen ska åtgärdsprogram (Åp) upprättas för alla elever i behov av särskilt stöd för att uppnå kunskapskraven i alla skolformer. Avvikelser mellan riktlinjerna och implementeringen av Åp förekommer ofta på grundsärskolan och gymnasiesärskolan. Det finns också många utmaningar som påverkar utarbetande respektive genomförande av åtgärdsprogram på särskolan. Denna utforskande samt beskrivande studie syftar att undersöka utvecklingsmöjligheter för processen kring åtgärdsprogram utifrån lärarens upplevelse i grundsärskolan samt gymnasiesärskolan. I föreliggande studie använde vi Agile teori som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Vi genomförde en enkätundersökning för att samla in data från lärare som arbetar i grundsärskolan och gymnasiesärskolan. 62 lärare sammanlagt svarade på frågeformuläret. Vi analyserade det mesta av datamaterialet kvantitativt med Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) samt gjorde en kvalitativ tematisk analys på en öppen fråga i formuläret. Resultaten visar att utmaningarna inför implementering av åtgärdsprogram kvarstår. I strid mot föreskrift i styrdokument ges inte alla elever i behov av särskilt stöd möjlighet att delta i utarbetande av Åp. Vi ser även att inte alla vårdnadshavare till elever i behov av särskilt stöd ges möjligheter att delta i processen. Vi fann att användandet av Åp i lektionsplanering är låg i grundsärskolan och gymnasiesärskolan samt att det saknas koppling mellan Åp processen och undervisningsplaneringen för elever i behov av särskilt stöd. Vår studie belyser behovet av att söka utvecklingsmöjligheter till exempel kompetensutveckling och kollegialt samarbete för personal i särskolan. Sådana förbättringsåtgärder kan fylla en del av klyftan som upplevs mellan riktlinjer och praktik gällande åtgärdsprogram.

The individual educational plan (IEP) is a document used in Swedish schools. The purpose of the document is to help and support students who have difficulties in their schoolwork in various ways. In my experience, the student does not always understand the importance of establishing an IEP as a support and help at school. In this study I try to understand the students’ experience of its relevance and purpose and the impact which can be achieved by an IEP. Four students took part in the study, and below you will find a few of the questions asked in the study:   What does it feel like as a student to obtain an IEP? What experiences do students have of IEPs? As a student what are your ideas when it comes to coping with the measures described? Are they opportunities or obstacles?   In my review of surveys and literature IEPs are examined from different points of view by writers who especially bring up the situation of students and young people in the society they live in, which affects their situation in the daily schoolwork in different ways. The result of the study shows that the students expect their IEPs to help them, but they do not seem to find any strategy for the work. The students describe that it feels good that the problems are brought to light, but at the same time they realize that it will be hard work to reach the target, as they look upon their previous achievements in school as a problem. Finally the question is asked whether an IEP should really be made for students who are absolutely fed up with school and who feel that they do not have much choice when it comes to influencing their school situation on the whole?

<p>The individual educational plan (IEP) is a document used in Swedish schools. The purpose of the document is to help and support students who have difficulties in their schoolwork in various ways. In my experience, the student does not always understand the importance of establishing an IEP as a support and help at school. In this study I try to understand the students’ experience of its relevance and purpose and the impact which can be achieved by an IEP. Four students took part in the study, and below you will find a few of the questions asked in the study:</p><p> </p><ul><li>What does it feel like as a student to obtain an IEP? </li><li>What experiences do students have of IEPs?</li><li>As a student what are your ideas when it comes to coping with the measures described? Are they opportunities or obstacles? </li></ul><p> </p><p>In my review of surveys and literature IEPs are examined from different points of view by writers who especially bring up the situation of students and young people in the society they live in, which affects their situation in the daily schoolwork in different ways.</p><p>The result of the study shows that the students expect their IEPs to help them, but they do not seem to find any strategy for the work. The students describe that it feels good that the problems are brought to light, but at the same time they realize that it will be hard work to reach the target, as they look upon their previous achievements in school as a problem. Finally the question is asked whether an IEP should really be made for students who are absolutely fed up with school and who feel that they do not have much choice when it comes to influencing their school situation on the whole?</p>

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