La mayor parte del alumnado se maneja con soltura en el lenguaje de los videojuegos. En opinión de numerosos autores, los videojuegos tienen la capacidad no sólo de enseñar contenidos y capacidades, sino de hacerlo de forma eficiente, dando pie a un aprendizaje duradero. Distintos estudios indican que los videojuegos ofrecen al jugador una completa inmersión en cualquier tipo de actividad, lo que les convierte en herramientas óptimas para el aprendizaje. El contexto sociocultural que reproducen y el feedback inmediato que ofrece, junto con la diversión que proporcionan al jugador, les hace especialmente útiles en el ámbito de las lenguas extranjeras. En esta línea, la presente tesis doctoral pretende evaluar la eficacia del videojuego. The Conference Interpreter, que simula un contexto de interpretación simultánea, como herramientas para la mejora de la competencia terminológica, una de las competencias que numerosos autores señalan como básicas en la formación de los traductores e intérpretes. Para ello, se han establecido dos grupos: por una parte, un grupo experimental, que ha jugado a The Conference Interpreter durante un periodo de seis horas en distintas sesiones. Por otra, un grupo de control, que ha tenido acceso a los materiales didácticos que conforman el videojuego durante el mismo periodo de tiempo y en las mismas condiciones de aplicación. De este modo, se ha analizado en términos estadísticos, por medio de distintas pruebas (pre.test y seguimiento) y cuestionarios, tanto resultados de aprendizaje de la terminología contenida en los materiales como la satisfacción del alumnado con la herramienta empleada y con el grado de aprendizaje alcanzado.

<p>Resumen</p><p>Los factores que influyen en el aprendizaje son muchas. Los profesores que enseñan una segunda lengua tienen que tener conciencia de cómo los alumnos aprenden y lo que afecta el aprendizaje de cada uno de ellos. En este estudio hemos llevado a cabo una investigación sobre las actitudes de los estudiantes. Hemos relizado encuestas en un colegio español sobre las actitudes hacia el aprendizaje del inglés y en un colegio suecos hacia el aprendizaje del español. El propósito es comparar los dos grupos e investigar la importancia de las actitudes en la enseñaza y mostrar el papel del entorno acerca de las actitudes. Las respuestas de las encuestas han mostrado que los alumnos españoles son más positivos que los suecos. Además vemos que las actitudes de los alumnos son parecidas a las que creen que hay en su entorno. Sacamos la conclusión que el entorno influye en las actitudes y ellas afectan al aprendizaje. Esto nos hace entender la importancia de ser conciente de las actitudes de los alumnos y su entorno como profesor de segundas lenguas.</p>

Los trabajos de esta tesis doctoral han consistido en comprobar si la tendencia a la oralidad que viene desarrollando la lengua inglesa en los últimos siglos y la conversacionalización e informalización del discurso escrito actual son también patentes en el discurso de la comunicación vía Internet. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se ha elaborado un corpus de comunicación electrónica formado por correos electrónicos privados sobre intercambio de estudiantes y foros de estudiantes universitarios. Analizado el corpus según unos parámetros se ha llegado a la conclusión de que la tendencia hacia la oralidad es patente en la comunicación electrónica. No obstante, el uso continuo de prácticas discursivas de modificación textual que se ha atribuido a este tipo de registros no es tan habitual en el corpus de esta investigación. Así, los correos electrónicos de carácter institucional siguen patrones formales y literarios en muchos casos frente a la informalidad y la abundancia de rasgos orales en los foros de debate. / The research carried out in this doctoral dissertation has examined if the shift towards orality of written English during the last centuries and the conversationalization and informalization of current written discourse is reflected in CMC. The study has analysed a corpus formed by private email messages exchanged by academic representatives dealing with the topic of student exchange programs and messages from university online fora. Some parameters have been used to explore the formal and informal features of this electronic written discourse. The findings demonstrate the tendency towards orality in English CMC. However, the results provide new insights into traits of orality and formality in electronic communication since, although scholars have focused on the abundant use of non-standard features to characterise CMC, these discourse strategies are not so frequent in the corpus analysed. The institutional emails display fairly formal and standard English while the online fora present more informal and conversational features.

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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor / Determina en qué medida la evaluación del desempeño docente logra perfeccionar significativamente la gestión del aprendizaje de los de profesores de Inglés del tercer año de Bachillerato Bilingüe de la Unidad Educativa Principito & Marcel Laniado de Wind de Machala, durante el periodo 2013 – 2014. En las encuestas realizadas se utilizaron cuestionarios que contenían la batería de preguntas en base a los indicadores de las variables. Para el procesamiento de los resultados se empleó el software estadístico SPSS en su versión 21. Se utilizaron técnicas de correlación, un análisis bivariado y cuantitativo. Se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación lineal de Pearson y el Modelo Estadístico de Correlación de Spearman. Se determinó que en la Unidad Educativa el desempeño docente y la gestión del aprendizaje de sus profesores son adecuados. Se observó que la evaluación del desempeño docente si influye de manera significativa en la gestión del aprendizaje. / Tesis

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Lingüística mención Lengua Inglesa / The English present perfect is a grammatical construction that denotes an event happening at a past point of time and relates to the present time in either a continuative manner or implying that the event is relevant to the present. Thus, the present perfect conveys both aspectual and temporal meanings. The present study investigates into the acquisition and development of the English present perfect by Chilean EFL learners as part of their interlanguage aspectual-temporal system. Specifically, the study makes an account of the main semantic characteristics of the Chilean learners’ interlanguage present perfect in order to determine the semantic prerequisites involved in the acquisition of the different meanings of the construction. It also focuses on the semantic negative transfer from the learners’, L1, Spanish, and the development of the following semantic notions: ‘reference time’,’ anteriority’ and ‘current relevance.’ The research methodology comprised the following procedures: a) data collection by means of two writing tasks elicited from 68 intermediate EFL Chilean university undergraduates enrolled in the English teacher-training course programme at Universidad de Santiago de Chile; and b) the classification of instances of the use, underuse or misuse of the target structure. The quantitative results emerging from the data analysis reveal that the present perfect construction is used in the expression of temporality or aspectuality depending on such semantic categories as ‘current relevance’ and ‘recency’. The analysis also demonstrates that Chilean EFL learners do not seem to be able to activate the concept of temporal recency of a past time event. It also reveals that they tend to use the preterite and the present perfect construction as being semantically equivalent constructions mainly because of the operation of the semantic negative transfer from the L1 temporal aspectual verbal system.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Lingüítica, mención Lengua Inglesa / This thesis examines the effects of focus-on forms instruction on the recognition and production of the English Present Perfect. A study was conducted that observed gains in a series of adapted tests measuring the grammatical judgment, level of production and acquisitional patterns of the English Present Perfect in the written performance of a group of intermediate EFL learners. Participants were 31 intermediate undergraduate Chilean students (Spanish L1) from the morning and evening courses of a teacher training program. The evening course was exposed to a focus-on-forms type of training and therefore considered as the experimental group. One set of judgments regarding the recognition of the proper use of the English Present Perfect and two sets of L2 writing tasks were collected for the study. Effects of the focus-on-forms instructions were then observed in the collected data along with the acquisitional pattern found after the intervention. Results of the study show modest but statistically significant gains in the recognition of the English Present Perfect and its different types of undergeneralizations in the experimental group. Less systematic gains were also observed in the written production of the English Present Perfect. Concerning the effects of focus-on-forms instruction on the pattern of acquisition no modifications were observed.Finally, results suggest that focus-on-forms instruction provides effective tools for the acquisition of the English Present Perfect. The study also contributes with a much needed description of the acquisitional path that Chilean Spanish learners of English as a foreign language develop in relation to the acquisition of the English Present Perfect.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Inglesa / The study of identity has been widely examined within several fields of linguistics and also among the social sciences. However discourse analysis applied to newspapers is a relatively recent field. Thus, the present study based on the framework of evaluation in language developed by Martin and Rose (2008) focuses on the means by which editorials of the newspaper The Star of Chile convey a sense of identity of the British community in Valparaíso at the turn of the 20th century. To develop this study, five editorials of the The Star of Chile from the years 1904, 1905 and 1906 were selected for the analysis. Each of them representing relevant aspects of the British immigrants’ culture, religious and political beliefs, and significant historical events of that time. The analysis included the tracking of the participants and the options used by the author for their appraisal with the aim of unveiling their identity. The results elucidate how the British immigrants perceived themselves and how they depicted those outside their immediate community at the beginning of the twentieth-century in Valparaiso. Additionally, the present research also offers valuable glimpses of information into the contributions of the British colony in Chile.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Lingüística mención Lengua Inglesa / This work aimed to investigate about the way Chilean students acquire English Prepositions ‘in’, ‘on’, and ‘at’. Through the identification of the most common strategies used by students when choosing one these three prepositions, the researcher aimed to find out about the difficulties the learners face when using those particles. The data analysis is based on the cognitive aspects of interlanguage, as well as some different notions on the learner´s knowledge. This work shows the way modern Linguistics has considered this kind of words and emphasizes their semantic roles. The data was collected through the use of Cloze Tests and interviews made to primary and secondary students from The Deutsche Schule in Los Angeles, Chile. The aim of the researcher with the interviews was to find out about the reasons why the students chose a particular preposition for their cloze tests. The results showed the students used several strategies to choose among ‘in’, ‘on’, and ‘at’, like overgeneralization of basic uses, inference, application of rules, mental images, among others. The researcher could conclude that learners do have tools to deal with the knowledge they already have and the knowledge they do not yet, which may contribute to the development of more appropriate approaches for teaching English prepositions, to make learning a more meaningful process for the students.