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1	Attitude toward, knowledge and use of the 'sensible drinking' message and unit-based guidelines in University students : a mixed-methods approach Furtwängler, Nina January 2016 (has links) This thesis present three studies that aim to investigate and compare different definitions of standard drinks and alcohol intake recommendations worldwide and explore University students' knowledge of, attitudes toward, and use of unit-based guidelines in the UK. Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a range of economic, social and health problems. Heavy drinking patterns among University students are well documented. Like most developed countries, the UK government introduced the “sensible drinking” message and guidelines for alcohol consumption to encourage people to reduce their drinking. The first study was a review of official definitions of standard drinks and guidelines of 57 countries. Analyses showed a lack of international consensus in terms of the size of “standard drinks” or recommended daily or weekly maximum alcohol intake. The results suggested that a global system of units and low risk drinking guidelines could help people make better-informed choices about alcohol consumption and help consistency among researchers, health professionals and governments developing public health initiatives. The second study used an online survey to examine the multivariate correlates of motivation to use guidelines and accuracy of estimates of alcohol consumption among 640 students aged 18-37. Results showed that motivation and ability to accurately estimate the unit content of beverages were linked to various cognitive and behavioural variables such as conscientiousness and extraversion, familiarity with, and frequency of use of the guidelines and perceptions of how easy and useful the unit-based guidelines are. The third study employed semi-structured interviews in a sample of 12 students selected from the second sample. Thematic analysis revealed that participants were not motivated to adhere to the guidelines and lacked skills to apply them to manage their own drinking. Findings suggest that multifaceted public health interventions should include provision of information, efforts to motivate young people to change their behaviour, and strategies to develop skills for managing alcohol consumption. 362.292
2	A insaciável sede de saber na Comédia de Dante: algumas relações com a incontinência aristotélica / The insatiable appetite for wisdom in Dantes Comedy: some relations with Aristotles intemperance Brito, Emanuel França de 03 December 2010 (has links) A presente pesquisa aproxima a personagem Ciacco, glutão punido na terceira vala do Inferno da Comédia, como a figura da personagem Ulisses, herói grego que atravessou a literatura ocidental antiga até chegar à Idade Média e ser condenado, também no Inferno, pelos seus crimes de fraude. Essa aproximação se realiza pela análise da transgressão de incontinência alimentar, descrita pelo filósofo grego Aristóteles na Ética a Nicômaco, pelo fato dessa transgressão manter uma explícita relação com o pecado do guloso Ciacco, além de ser aplicável à sede de conhecimento que a personagem Ulisses reflete no relato da sua última viagem. Mediante o estudo de obras de Dante Alighieri, como o Convivio e a Comédia, procura-se estabelecer uma conexão entre o desenfreado ato de se nutrir e a falta de moderação na busca pelo conhecimento, sendo essa última aquela que gera a eterna oposição entre ciência e fé, tão importante no contexto religioso no qual a Comédia foi escrita. / This research compares Ciacco, the glutton character punished in the third ditch in Inferno in Dantes Comedy, with Ulysses, the Greek hero who was brought from Ancient Western Literature to the Middle Ages and condemned also in Inferno for his fraud crimes. This comparison is drawn through the analysis of the eating intemperance transgression, described by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in Nicomachean Ethics, since this transgression maintains an explicit relation with Ciaccos greediness and is also applicable to the greed for knowledge which Ulysses reflects in the account of his last trip. Through the study of Dantes works, such as the Convivio and the Comedy, an attempt is made to establish a connection between the unstoppable act of eating and the lack of moderation in the search for knowledge; the latter being what causes the eternal opposition between science and faith, so important in the religious context in which the Comedy was written. Aristotelian ethics Dante Alighieri Dante Alighieri Eating intemperance Ética aristotélica Faith Fé Incontinência alimentar Sabedoria Wisdom
3	Psychosocial predictors of alcohol consumption among undergraduate students : developing intervention strategies Atwell, Katie Elizabeth January 2014 (has links) Excessive alcohol consumption among UK university students is well documented. Although alcohol use reduces over the time spent at university, drinking patterns of undergraduates have been associated with risk of alcohol dependence and abuse a decade following graduation. Consequently, UK universities should endeavour to promote responsible drinking among their drinking student population. This thesis presents four studies that aim to inform the development of feasible and effective alcohol-related interventions targeting the student population. The first two studies examined the effect of an alcohol-related outcome expectancy manipulation on alcohol-related cognitions and consumption. Study one showed that a manipulation aiming to bolster negative expectancies and contradict positive expectancies was associated with immediate reductions in mild desires for alcohol. Study two provided limited support for study one, and indicated that repeated exposure to the manipulation was not associated with significantly greater effects. Neither study showed significant reductions in alcohol consumption. Study three used a survey to examine the predictive utility of a broader range of correlates of alcohol consumption, and provided an integrative model of risky drinking behaviour. The model highlighted the importance of age when first regularly drinking, the sensation-seeking personality trait, social drinking motives, confidence in ability to drink within government guidelines, and the perceived quantity and frequency of alcohol consumed by university friends. Study four consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effectiveness of computer-delivered interventions (CDIs) across different study design features and identified the characteristics of CDIs associated with the largest effects. CDI efficacy was greater for primary than secondary outcomes, and varied according to the control condition and outcomes used. CDIs with the largest effects utilised personalised normative feedback among US heavy/binge drinking students. The results of these studies contribute to the current intervention literature and can be used to inform intervention development in UK universities. 150
4	Non-drinkers and non-drinking : a mixed methods research programme to promote safer student alcohol consumption Conroy, Dominic January 2015 (has links) This dissertation is about perceptions of non-drinkers and the social experiences of university students who do not drink alcohol. Chapter One provides a comprehensive literature review. Chapter Two outlines relevant methodological issues. Chapter Three reports findings from a cross-sectional study. Alcohol prototype measures were used to compute a sociability prototype differences variable (i.e., sociability prototypes for regular drinkers minus sociability prototypes for non-drinkers), which was associated with student drinking. Chapter Four reports a moderating effect of sociability prototype differences: beliefs about high levels of peer drinking were associated with less health-adherent drinking intention among students with less favourable evaluations of non-drinkers. Quantitative findings are summarised in Chapter Five. Chapters Six and Seven present findings from an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews with non-drinkers. Chapter Six suggests different strategies involved in non-drinking during social occasions, while Chapter Seven describes how authenticity is involved in deciding not to drink and within conversations about non-drinking. Chapters Eight and Nine summarise qualitative study findings and outline an intervention study, respectively. Chapter Ten reports intervention study findings. Students were asked to imagine possible benefits or anticipated strategic requirements engaged in safer drinking behaviour at four week follow-up compared with students who completed a drinks diary. Chapter Eleven summarises findings, discusses applied and theoretical implications, acknowledges programme limitations and proposes research extensions. 150
5	A insaciável sede de saber na Comédia de Dante: algumas relações com a incontinência aristotélica / The insatiable appetite for wisdom in Dantes Comedy: some relations with Aristotles intemperance Emanuel França de Brito 03 December 2010 (has links) A presente pesquisa aproxima a personagem Ciacco, glutão punido na terceira vala do Inferno da Comédia, como a figura da personagem Ulisses, herói grego que atravessou a literatura ocidental antiga até chegar à Idade Média e ser condenado, também no Inferno, pelos seus crimes de fraude. Essa aproximação se realiza pela análise da transgressão de incontinência alimentar, descrita pelo filósofo grego Aristóteles na Ética a Nicômaco, pelo fato dessa transgressão manter uma explícita relação com o pecado do guloso Ciacco, além de ser aplicável à sede de conhecimento que a personagem Ulisses reflete no relato da sua última viagem. Mediante o estudo de obras de Dante Alighieri, como o Convivio e a Comédia, procura-se estabelecer uma conexão entre o desenfreado ato de se nutrir e a falta de moderação na busca pelo conhecimento, sendo essa última aquela que gera a eterna oposição entre ciência e fé, tão importante no contexto religioso no qual a Comédia foi escrita. / This research compares Ciacco, the glutton character punished in the third ditch in Inferno in Dantes Comedy, with Ulysses, the Greek hero who was brought from Ancient Western Literature to the Middle Ages and condemned also in Inferno for his fraud crimes. This comparison is drawn through the analysis of the eating intemperance transgression, described by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in Nicomachean Ethics, since this transgression maintains an explicit relation with Ciaccos greediness and is also applicable to the greed for knowledge which Ulysses reflects in the account of his last trip. Through the study of Dantes works, such as the Convivio and the Comedy, an attempt is made to establish a connection between the unstoppable act of eating and the lack of moderation in the search for knowledge; the latter being what causes the eternal opposition between science and faith, so important in the religious context in which the Comedy was written. Dante Alighieri Ética aristotélica Fé Incontinência alimentar Sabedoria Aristotelian ethics Dante Alighieri Eating intemperance Faith Wisdom
6	Le discours des vices et des vertus aux époques carolingiennes et ottonienne. De l'écrit à l'image (IXe - XIe siècle) / The discourse of vices and virtues in the Carolingian and Ottonian periods. From writing to image (9th-11th century) Rodrigues, Perrine 17 October 2018 (has links) Le discours des vices et des vertus est une étude qui porte sur la définition des notions de bien et de mal, de droit et d’interdit dans le cadre de la renouatio carolingienne, débutée sous le règne de Charlemagne et poursuivit sous ses successeurs, puis redynamisée sous le règne des Ottoniens. Les genres littéraires et artistiques où apparaissent les allégories des vices et des vertus constituent un corpus très varié de sources (judiciaire, morale, iconographique…). La diversité des sources permet de faire émerger la définition d’un idéal permettant de conduire l’homme à son salut, tout en mettant en place des codes moraux et une norme qui permettent d’encadrer la société dans tous les domaines. / The discourse of vices and virtues is a study which deals with the definition of the notions of good and evil, law and prohibition in the context of Carolingian renouatio, begun under the reign of Charlemagne and continued under his successors, then revitalized under the reign of Ottonians. The literary and artistic genres in which allegories of vices and virtues appear, constitute a very varied corpus of sources (judicial, moral, iconographic, etc.). The diversity of sources makes it possible to emerge the definition of an ideal allowing to lead the man to his salvation, while setting up moral codes and a norm which make it possible to regulate the society in all areas. Vices Vertus Psychomachie Sainteté Allégorie Miroirs des princes Miroirs des laïcs Traité des vices et des vertus Pénitentiels Conciles Foi Espérance Charité Prudence Tempérance Justice Force Sagesse Pudeur Patience Miséricorde Orgueil Avarice Acédie Colère Luxure Libido Gourmandise Vaine-Gloire Envie Paresse Tristesse Intempérance Carolingien Ottonien Vices Virtues Psychomachy Holiness Allegory Mirrors of Princes Mirrors of the Laity Treatises of Vices and Virtues Penitential Councils Faith Hope Charity Prudence Temperance Justice Strength Wisdom Modesty Patience Mercy Pride Avarice Acedia Anger Lust Libido Gluttony Vain glory Envy Laziness Sadness Intemperance Carolingian Ottonian 900

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