Orientador: Yara Kulaif / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T00:52:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Betti_Andre_M.pdf: 29085853 bytes, checksum: 516edd91e6affd7e352eec0cc1b94dd7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O trabalho relata um estudo de caso envolvendo uma abordagem interdisciplinar de temas geocientíficos em uma disciplina regular de História do III Ciclo - 5º nível do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública. Nele, o professor, atuando também como pesquisador, procurou observar e interpretar, por meio de transcrições de aulas-debates, textos e desenhos produzidos pelos alunos, a construção do conceito de tempo ¿ um conceito-chave e extremamente importante na aproximação entre a disciplina de História e a Geologia. Sendo assim, para este estudo, utilizou-se uma unidade programática daquele nível de ensino, aquela voltada para o conceito de tempo, de modo a enfocar tanto a sua dimensão social e humana, normalmente adotada nesta disciplina, quanto a sua dimensão no tempo geológico. No trabalho com o tempo geológico, a observação e o estudo do entorno da escola, mais especificamente, a Serra dos Cocais (Valinhos, SP, Brasil) foram fundamentais. Duas questões principais nortearam esta pesquisa: Como utilizar a especificidade de paisagens do entorno da escola para a construção de um conceito de tempo estendido até sua dimensão geológica? E, que possibilidades pedagógicas envolvem a abordagem de conceitos típicos das Ciências da Terra para o professor de História do ensino fundamental? Em meio à pesquisa destas possibilidades, optamos por privilegiar a ênfase na elaboração conceitual dos alunos, por meio da mediação do professor/pesquisador no desenvolvimento das atividades, bem como, por evidenciar o relevante papel do entorno, ou seja, do ambiente local, no processo do conhecimento cognitivo das crianças. Assim, entende-se que, ao integrar o conhecimento geológico no estudo da História, propicia-se a compreensão de que o tempo das culturas humanas está contido num tempo ambiental muito mais amplo que não pode ser ignorado pelas ciências sociais / Abstract: The work reveals a case study involving an interdisciplinary teaching approach for treating geosciences¿ subjects in a discipline of History of the 'III Ciclo¿ ¿ 5th level of the fundamental education of a public school. In that, the teacher, also acting as researcher, observes and interprets, by means of transcriptions of class-debates, texts and drawings produced by the students, the construction of the concept of time ¿ an extremely important and a key-concept for the confluence of the discipline of History and Geology. For this study, a programmatic unit of that teaching level was used, the one that treats the concept of time, in a way to focus on both its social and human dimension, usually adopted in this discipline, and its dimension in the geologic time. In the work with the geologic time, the observation and study of the surrounding environment of the school, more specifically, the 'Serra dos Cocais¿ (Valinhos, SP, Brazil) were fundamental. Two main questions guided this research: How to use the surrounding landscape of the school in the construction of an extended concept of time covering up to its geological dimension? And, what pedagogic possibilities do involve the typical concepts of the Earth Sciences for teaching History? In searching for these possibilities we opted for privileging the students¿ conceptual elaboration, through the teacher¿s/researcher¿s mediation in the development of the activities, as well as, emphasizing the fundamental role of the surrounding area, that is to say, of the local environment, in the process of the children¿s cognitive knowledge. Thus, integrating the geological knowledge in the History subject provides a better understanding that the time of the human cultures is contained in a much broader natural time that cannot be ignored by the social sciences / Mestrado / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra

The National Curriculum of Education was implemented with the broad view of including all learners as laid out in the document Toward Education for All. The curriculum emphasised that the topic distillation should be studied. According to the Examiners Reports, the topic distillation is one of the topics where learners face difficulties in the Namibian Senior Secondary Certificate Ordinary (NSSCO) examination Grade 12. This led me to do research on understanding how Physical Science teachers mediate the topic distillation in Namibia specifically in the Kavango region. The study was carried out at two rural schools with two teachers teaching Grade 11. The community member who I asked to demonstrate the making of Kashipembe was also a participant during this study. Kashipembe is a local cultural brew alcohol beverage commonly made in the Kavango East and West Regions of Namibia, which was used as a learning context in this research study. The study used a qualitative case study underpinned by an interpretive paradigm. Data was generated through the use of document analysis, semi-structured interviews, stimulated recall interviews, lesson observations, brainstorming and practical demonstration of making Kashipembe. These different methods of data gathering were used with the aim of triangulating and validating the data. Therefore, my theoretical framework adopted Vygotsky’s (1986) mediation of learning, social constructivism and pedagogical content knowledge according to Shulman’s (1986) theory. The emergent themes were identified inductively and they were colour coded. These themes were later developed into analytic statements which were used in the study. The findings indicate that the use of community knowledge and experience during the teaching of scientific concepts like distillation is important. These findings can also be used by the practising teachers to make their teaching more effective in the curriculums where distillation is included. Therefore, the Namibian curriculum developers need to include this community knowledge in the curriculum to make it easier for the learners to make sense of the topic distillation.

Orientadores: Lucia da Costa Ferreira, Jose Geraldo Wanderley Marques / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T14:42:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freire_RenataMauro_D.pdf: 4320116 bytes, checksum: cb51f9fb266919d877f63eb28414c845 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Essa tese analisa as contribuições conceituais que as ciências sociais, as ciências naturais e a agroecologia fazem para o debate sobre sustentabilidade, tendo como referencial teórico os sistemas socioecológicos e os conceitos associados à resiliência, como diversidade, distúrbio, conhecimento ecológico local, autoorganização, hierarquia, não-equilíbrio, dentre outros. Com base nesses conceitos são analisadas as estratégias e arranjos institucionais e as práticas de manejo de uma associação agroecológica no Estado de Rondônia, a Associação dos Produtores Alternativos. Por ser uma associação de agricultores familiares que alcançou status de referência em agroecologia e promoção de sistemas agroflorestais no final dos anos de 1990 e que, por uma combinação de fatores, entrou em colapso alguns anos após, sua trajetória tornou-se emblemática. Nesse sentido, a identificação dos aspectos que contribuíram para aumentar e diminuir a sua resiliência ecológica e institucional, entendida como a capacidade de se adaptar e se reorganizar frente às mudanças e distúrbios, possui um grande potencial reflexivo para outras iniciativas econômicas coletivas desenvolvidas na Amazônia. / Abstract: This thesis analyses the conceptual contributions made by social sciences, natural sciences and agroecology for the debate on sustainabilitiy. The theoretical references are based on the socio-ecological systems and the concepts of resilience, such as diversity, disturbance, local ecological knowledge, self-organization, hierarchy, non-equilibrium, among others. Based on these concepts, the institutional strategies and arrangements are analysed, as well as the management approach of an agroecological organizations in the state of Rondônia, namely, the Associação dos Produtores Alternativos. This is household agriculture organization which reached the status of reference in agroecology and implementation of agroforestry systems in the late 1990's and that, for a number of reasons, collapsed after a few years. Its great development and collapse are seen as notorious. In this sense, the identification of factors that contributed to increase or decrease the ecological and institutional resilience, seen as the ability to adapt, reorganize upon changes and disturbances, has great reflexive potential to other collective economical initiatives developed in the Amazon. / Doutorado / Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação / Doutor em Ambiente e Sociedade

This study looked at fifth grade students' perceptions of the importance of twenty science, technology, and society issues and the relationships between these issues.

Acompanha: Formação continuada de professores: ensino de ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva histórico-crítica; Uma proposta para o ensino de ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva histórico-crítica com o uso da WebQuest / A presente pesquisa é delineada na formação continuada de professores da Educação Básica, anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental do município de Londrina/PR, tendo por princípio dimensões acentuadas quanto aos benefícios do trabalho interdisciplinar no Ensino de Ciências na perspectiva Histórico-Crítica, com uso da WebQuest. Para este estudo, foi necessária uma orientação entre os docentes, apresentando um referencial teórico, que elenca a formação de professores na visão de Nóvoa (2009); Veiga (2002); a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, na perspectiva de Saviani (1983; 2008); Gasparin (2012); e a Sequência Didática Interativa embasada em Oliveira (2013), com o intuito de contribuir para o planejamento de suas ações em sala de aula, a oferecer uma sistematização do conteúdo a ser pedagogicamente trabalhado. O trabalho visa investigar e implementar recursos e estratégias para o Ensino de Ciência interdisciplinar, proporcionando subsídios para a elaboração de um planejamento de aula, conforme aporte teórico metodológico da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica . A relevância deste estudo é oferecer um Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar mediante uma nova estratégia educacional com uso de recursos didáticos. A principal questão de pesquisa foi investigar como um curso em Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar, mediante o uso da WebQuest, poderá contribuir para a formação continuada dos professores participantes da pesquisa tendo por base o aporte teórico-metodológico da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica? Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um curso “Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva Histórico-Crítica” com a análise realizada pelos professores de uma Sequência Didática Interativa SDI (elaborada pela pesquisadora), levando em consideração suas experiências didáticas e conhecimentos sobre a temática. De abordagem qualitativa, o trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio da pesquisa de campo conforme Bogdan e Biklen (1994). Para a organização e leitura interpretativa dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011), a qual revelou, em síntese, meio aos resultados, a mudança de postura, o aprimoramento frente ao conteúdo encaminhado, exploração e interesse desses docentes quanto à elaboração de uma sequência de planejamentos de aula fundamentado na Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. Por meio dessa investigação, verificou-se que a proposta de formação continuada de professores, demonstrou-se apropriada, satisfatória e teve seus objetivos atingidos ao proporcionar subsídios para a prática pedagógica, norteada pelo planejamento didático que relaciona teoria e prática, com reflexões que permitiram a análise das experiências didáticas, para uma projeção de novas maneiras de atuarem em sala de aula, associada ao uso da nova tecnologia a WebQuest. Constatou-se que o planejamento de aula, no Ensino de Ciências Interdisciplinar em uma perspectiva Histórico-Crítica, contribuiu para o processo de organização do trabalho pedagógico, permitindo a flexibilidade da prática educativa e ainda a valorização da singularidade dos alunos, sendo possível a articulação, elaboração de estratégias e procedimentos pedagógicos, a fim de promover o enriquecimento curricular no sistema educacional e, por conseguinte, a melhoria da qualidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. / The present research is outlined in the continuing education of Basic Education teachers, initial years of Elementary School in the city of Londrina / PR, having in principle dimensions in terms of the benefits of interdisciplinary work in Science Teaching in the Historical-Critical perspective, using the WebQuest. For this study, it was necessary a orientation among the teachers, presenting a theoretical reference, which lists the teacher formation in the view of Nóvoa (2009); Veiga (2002); the Historical-Critical Pedagogy from the perspective of Saviani (1983; 2008); Gasparin (2012); and the Interactive Didactic Sequence based in Oliveira (2013) with the intention of contributing to the planning of their actions in the classroom, to offer a systematization of the content to be pedagogically worked. The paper aims to investigate and implement resources and strategies for the teaching of interdisciplinary Science, providing subsidies for the elaboration of a lesson planning, according to the theoretical methodological contribution of Historical-Critical Pedagogy. The relevance of this study is to offer an interdisciplinary Science Teaching through a new educational strategy with the use of didactic resources. The main research question was to investigate how an interdisciplinary Science Teaching course, through the use of WebQuest, could contribute to the continued formation of the participating teachers, based on the theoretical-methodological contribution of Historical-Critical Pedagogy. For this, a course called "Interdisciplinary Science Teaching in Historical-Critical Perspective" was developed with the analysis carried out by the teachers of an Interactive Didactic Sequence IDS (elaborated by the researcher), taking into account their didactic experiences and knowledge about the subject. From a qualitative approach, the paper was developed through the field research as Bogdan and Biklen (1994). For the organization and interpretive reading of the data, was used the content analysis of Bardin (2011), which revealed, in synthesis, among to the results, the change of posture, the improvement of the content forwarded, the exploration and interest of these teachers as to the elaboration of a sequence of lesson plans based on Historical-Critical Pedagogy in an interdisciplinary perspective. Through this research, it was verified that the proposal of continuing teacher training, proved to be appropriate, satisfactory and had its objectives reached by providing subsidies for pedagogical practice, guided by didactic planning that relates theory and practice, with reflections that allowed the analysis of didactic experiences, for a projection of new ways of acting in the classroom, associated with the use of the new technology to WebQuest. It was verified that the planning of lessons, in the Interdisciplinary Sciences Teaching in a Historical-Critical perspective, contributed to the process of organization of a pedagogical work, allowing the flexibility of the educational practice and also the appreciation of the singularity of the students, being possible the articulation, elaboration of pedagogical strategies and procedures, in order to promote curricular enrichment in the educational system and, consequently, to improve the quality of the teaching and learning process.

Acompanha: Formação continuada de professores: ensino de ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva histórico-crítica; Uma proposta para o ensino de ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva histórico-crítica com o uso da WebQuest / A presente pesquisa é delineada na formação continuada de professores da Educação Básica, anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental do município de Londrina/PR, tendo por princípio dimensões acentuadas quanto aos benefícios do trabalho interdisciplinar no Ensino de Ciências na perspectiva Histórico-Crítica, com uso da WebQuest. Para este estudo, foi necessária uma orientação entre os docentes, apresentando um referencial teórico, que elenca a formação de professores na visão de Nóvoa (2009); Veiga (2002); a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, na perspectiva de Saviani (1983; 2008); Gasparin (2012); e a Sequência Didática Interativa embasada em Oliveira (2013), com o intuito de contribuir para o planejamento de suas ações em sala de aula, a oferecer uma sistematização do conteúdo a ser pedagogicamente trabalhado. O trabalho visa investigar e implementar recursos e estratégias para o Ensino de Ciência interdisciplinar, proporcionando subsídios para a elaboração de um planejamento de aula, conforme aporte teórico metodológico da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica . A relevância deste estudo é oferecer um Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar mediante uma nova estratégia educacional com uso de recursos didáticos. A principal questão de pesquisa foi investigar como um curso em Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar, mediante o uso da WebQuest, poderá contribuir para a formação continuada dos professores participantes da pesquisa tendo por base o aporte teórico-metodológico da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica? Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um curso “Ensino de Ciências interdisciplinar na perspectiva Histórico-Crítica” com a análise realizada pelos professores de uma Sequência Didática Interativa SDI (elaborada pela pesquisadora), levando em consideração suas experiências didáticas e conhecimentos sobre a temática. De abordagem qualitativa, o trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio da pesquisa de campo conforme Bogdan e Biklen (1994). Para a organização e leitura interpretativa dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011), a qual revelou, em síntese, meio aos resultados, a mudança de postura, o aprimoramento frente ao conteúdo encaminhado, exploração e interesse desses docentes quanto à elaboração de uma sequência de planejamentos de aula fundamentado na Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. Por meio dessa investigação, verificou-se que a proposta de formação continuada de professores, demonstrou-se apropriada, satisfatória e teve seus objetivos atingidos ao proporcionar subsídios para a prática pedagógica, norteada pelo planejamento didático que relaciona teoria e prática, com reflexões que permitiram a análise das experiências didáticas, para uma projeção de novas maneiras de atuarem em sala de aula, associada ao uso da nova tecnologia a WebQuest. Constatou-se que o planejamento de aula, no Ensino de Ciências Interdisciplinar em uma perspectiva Histórico-Crítica, contribuiu para o processo de organização do trabalho pedagógico, permitindo a flexibilidade da prática educativa e ainda a valorização da singularidade dos alunos, sendo possível a articulação, elaboração de estratégias e procedimentos pedagógicos, a fim de promover o enriquecimento curricular no sistema educacional e, por conseguinte, a melhoria da qualidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. / The present research is outlined in the continuing education of Basic Education teachers, initial years of Elementary School in the city of Londrina / PR, having in principle dimensions in terms of the benefits of interdisciplinary work in Science Teaching in the Historical-Critical perspective, using the WebQuest. For this study, it was necessary a orientation among the teachers, presenting a theoretical reference, which lists the teacher formation in the view of Nóvoa (2009); Veiga (2002); the Historical-Critical Pedagogy from the perspective of Saviani (1983; 2008); Gasparin (2012); and the Interactive Didactic Sequence based in Oliveira (2013) with the intention of contributing to the planning of their actions in the classroom, to offer a systematization of the content to be pedagogically worked. The paper aims to investigate and implement resources and strategies for the teaching of interdisciplinary Science, providing subsidies for the elaboration of a lesson planning, according to the theoretical methodological contribution of Historical-Critical Pedagogy. The relevance of this study is to offer an interdisciplinary Science Teaching through a new educational strategy with the use of didactic resources. The main research question was to investigate how an interdisciplinary Science Teaching course, through the use of WebQuest, could contribute to the continued formation of the participating teachers, based on the theoretical-methodological contribution of Historical-Critical Pedagogy. For this, a course called "Interdisciplinary Science Teaching in Historical-Critical Perspective" was developed with the analysis carried out by the teachers of an Interactive Didactic Sequence IDS (elaborated by the researcher), taking into account their didactic experiences and knowledge about the subject. From a qualitative approach, the paper was developed through the field research as Bogdan and Biklen (1994). For the organization and interpretive reading of the data, was used the content analysis of Bardin (2011), which revealed, in synthesis, among to the results, the change of posture, the improvement of the content forwarded, the exploration and interest of these teachers as to the elaboration of a sequence of lesson plans based on Historical-Critical Pedagogy in an interdisciplinary perspective. Through this research, it was verified that the proposal of continuing teacher training, proved to be appropriate, satisfactory and had its objectives reached by providing subsidies for pedagogical practice, guided by didactic planning that relates theory and practice, with reflections that allowed the analysis of didactic experiences, for a projection of new ways of acting in the classroom, associated with the use of the new technology to WebQuest. It was verified that the planning of lessons, in the Interdisciplinary Sciences Teaching in a Historical-Critical perspective, contributed to the process of organization of a pedagogical work, allowing the flexibility of the educational practice and also the appreciation of the singularity of the students, being possible the articulation, elaboration of pedagogical strategies and procedures, in order to promote curricular enrichment in the educational system and, consequently, to improve the quality of the teaching and learning process.

The main objective of this dissertation, linked to Curriculum Research, Teaching and Teaching Methods of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, consisted of preparing an alternative proposal for teaching physics lab, anchored by a new methodological possibility of teaching. The adopted theoretical perspective indicated the fundamentals that discuss the need to insert innovative methods to make this education more accessible and less intimidating. The study relied on the concepts of reflective teacher and interdisciplinary nature, used as a reference for developing an activity of investigative character. In order to build critical awareness of the student, the proposal was applied to a specific group of students, checking for changes in attitudes as a result of this process of teaching and learning. After application of the material in a Federal Institute of Education, the city of Aracaju / SE, the results show that the developed proposal trends to facilitate student learning and reasoning. / O principal objetivo desta dissertação, vinculada à linha de pesquisa Currículo, Didáticas e Métodos de Ensino das Ciências Naturais e Matemática, consistiu em elaborar uma proposta alternativa para o ensino de laboratório de Física, ancorada em uma nova possibilidade metodológica de trabalho docente. A perspectiva teórica adotada indicou os fundamentos que discutem a necessidade de se inserir métodos inovadores para tornar esse ensino mais acessível e menos intimidador. O estudo apoiou-se nos conceitos de professor reflexivo e da interdisciplinaridade, utilizados como referência para desenvolver uma atividade de caráter investigativo. Visando à construção da consciência crítica do aluno, a proposta foi aplicada a um grupo específico de alunos, verificando-se as mudanças de atitudes em decorrência deste processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Após a aplicação do material em um Instituto Federal de Ensino, no município de Aracaju/SE, os resultados mostram que a proposta desenvolvida tende a facilitar a argumentação e o aprendizado discente.

No description available.

The study explores, through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the existence of Mode 2 knowledge and programmes in the South African higher education sector. It begins by theorising about knowledge and takes as a point of departure the propositions about theory-building which state that to explain social phenomena, a system of ideas is required, the conceptual tools of which are able to explain the essential dynamics of such phenomena. It goes on to describe a crisis in a system of ideas that, together with valid critiques, demands to be re-examined as well as the potential for advancing alternative lines of thought. A critical reading and understanding of existing theories leads me to believe that independently, they are all inadequate to explain the relationship between knowledge production and South African higher education in an era of globalisation. This includes the all-encompassing framework of neo-Marxism, the excessive consumerism of academic capitalism, the equation of the worker with modern technology in post-industrialism and the`lax relativity', complacent and, indiscriminate celebration of diversity in post-modernism. By combining the `culturally sensitive' critical post-modernism of William Tierney and George Subotzky with the concept of `late capitalism' as proposed by Frederic Jameson, it is possible to establish a relationship between globalisation and South African higher education on the one hand, and between its' policy and knowledge production on the other. Against the features of the newly proffered theoretical framework of `critical postmodernism in late capitalism', the study examines the new higher education policy and legislation and ensuing discourse, with particular reference to the Gibbons thesis. It then explores, by using an empirical investigation, the extent to which Mode 2 knowledge production exists in South African higher education. This is done through a selected programme from a former technikon in that demonstrates the key assumptions and perceptions about Mode 2 as held by lecturing staff and as embedded in the structure, design and content of the programme. With the results obtained the study finally makes recommendations for the establishment of a paradigm-shift and for new practices in knowledge production in higher education in South Africa. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)

The study explores, through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the existence of Mode 2 knowledge and programmes in the South African higher education sector. It begins by theorising about knowledge and takes as a point of departure the propositions about theory-building which state that to explain social phenomena, a system of ideas is required, the conceptual tools of which are able to explain the essential dynamics of such phenomena. It goes on to describe a crisis in a system of ideas that, together with valid critiques, demands to be re-examined as well as the potential for advancing alternative lines of thought. A critical reading and understanding of existing theories leads me to believe that independently, they are all inadequate to explain the relationship between knowledge production and South African higher education in an era of globalisation. This includes the all-encompassing framework of neo-Marxism, the excessive consumerism of academic capitalism, the equation of the worker with modern technology in post-industrialism and the`lax relativity', complacent and, indiscriminate celebration of diversity in post-modernism. By combining the `culturally sensitive' critical post-modernism of William Tierney and George Subotzky with the concept of `late capitalism' as proposed by Frederic Jameson, it is possible to establish a relationship between globalisation and South African higher education on the one hand, and between its' policy and knowledge production on the other. Against the features of the newly proffered theoretical framework of `critical postmodernism in late capitalism', the study examines the new higher education policy and legislation and ensuing discourse, with particular reference to the Gibbons thesis. It then explores, by using an empirical investigation, the extent to which Mode 2 knowledge production exists in South African higher education. This is done through a selected programme from a former technikon in that demonstrates the key assumptions and perceptions about Mode 2 as held by lecturing staff and as embedded in the structure, design and content of the programme. With the results obtained the study finally makes recommendations for the establishment of a paradigm-shift and for new practices in knowledge production in higher education in South Africa. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)