It is well documented that exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) negatively affects children’s developmental outcomes (Chan & Yeung, 2009; Evans, Davies & DiLillo, 2008) and may lead to the expression of symptomatology consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Graham-Bermann, De Voe, Mattis, Lynch & Thomas, 2006; Kilpatrick & Williams,1998). Currently there is no consensus as to the nature of the influence of mother-child relationships on child outcomes such as post-traumatic stress symptoms in IPV-exposed families. The present study examined the role of maternal influences, such as the quality of mother-child interaction, maternal depression, and maternal violence history on sibling trauma outcomes. Results indicated that increased maternal depressive symptoms, maternal violence history, and negative mother-child interactions did not significantly predict post-traumatic stress symptoms in siblings exposed to IPV. Findings provided support for the notion of maternal compensatory strategies used to protect siblings from the detrimental consequences of IPV exposure.

Increasing attention has been given to men’s experiences as victims of intimate partner violence in the Western world, mostly in quantitative research, within different research fields. The aim of this research paper is to explore men’sspecific experiences of intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships in a Swedish context, through a gender perspective and with a qualitative research approach. The paper begins by briefly mentioning key findings in existing quantitative and qualitative research, focusing on Sweden. Additionally, areas of divergence with regard to definitions and differing research approaches are discussed. The theoretical framework builds upon theories of patterns of intimate partner violence and constructions of masculinities. In the five narratives representing the primary data of the study, varying experiences of psychological and physical violence and views on gender relations and masculinities are expressed. Some key elements are identified in the narratives and these are analyzed in relation to prior research findings/theoretical framework. Prior research findings, as well as theoretical suppositions regarding men as victims of intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships as either unthinkable or stigmatizing, are manifested also in the narratives.

It is well documented that exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) negatively affects children’s developmental outcomes (Chan & Yeung, 2009; Evans, Davies & DiLillo, 2008) and may lead to the expression of symptomatology consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Graham-Bermann, De Voe, Mattis, Lynch & Thomas, 2006; Kilpatrick & Williams,1998). Currently there is no consensus as to the nature of the influence of mother-child relationships on child outcomes such as post-traumatic stress symptoms in IPV-exposed families. The present study examined the role of maternal influences, such as the quality of mother-child interaction, maternal depression, and maternal violence history on sibling trauma outcomes. Results indicated that increased maternal depressive symptoms, maternal violence history, and negative mother-child interactions did not significantly predict post-traumatic stress symptoms in siblings exposed to IPV. Findings provided support for the notion of maternal compensatory strategies used to protect siblings from the detrimental consequences of IPV exposure.

Introduction: Women exposed to intimate partner violence is common and a major healthproblem globally. It is considered one of the biggest causes of illness in women, which can beof a physical, mental or psychosomatic nature. Identifying these women in health care istherefore of the utmost importance in order to be able to implement health-promotingmeasures from a person-centered perspective. Aim: The aim was to describe women's experiences of living with intimate partner violence. Method: A literature review based on 18 qualitative original articles from 2016-2021 viaPubMed and CINAHL that have been quality reviewed and analyzed with qualitative contentanalysis. Findings: After analysis, three themes were identified: Living under threat, Scarred for lifeand Sense of hope and six subcategories: Fear, Isolation, Physical illness, Mental illness,Hope for change and Hopelessness. Conclusion: Intimate partner violence occurs all over the world. The women feel threatened,which leads to fear and isolation from the outside world. Some have feelings of hope forchange, while others experience hopelessness. The injuries that occur as a result of violenceare not always visible, many women live with mental and psychosomatic disorders. / Introduktion: Kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relationer är vanligt förekommande och ettstort hälsoproblem globalt. Det räknas som en av de största orsakerna till ohälsa hos kvinnoroch kan vara av fysisk, psykisk eller psykosomatisk karaktär. Det är av största vikt attidentifiera dessa kvinnor i hälso- och sjukvården för att kunna sätta in hälsofrämjandeåtgärder ur ett personcentrerat perspektiv. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva i en våldsnära relation.Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 18 kvalitativa originalartiklar från 2016-2021 viaPubMed och CINAHL som kvalitetsgranskats och analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Efter analys identifierades tre teman: Att leva under hot, Men för livet och Känslaav hopp samt sex underkategorier: Rädsla, Isolering, Fysisk ohälsa, Psykisk ohälsa, Hopp omförändring och Hopplöshet. Slutsats: Våld i nära relationer förekommer över hela världen där kvinnorna upplever sighotade, vilket leder till rädsla och isolering från omvärlden. Vissa har känslor av hopp omförändring, medan andra upplever hopplöshet. De skador som uppkommer till följd av våldetär inte alltid synliga, utan många kvinnor lever även med psykiska och psykosomatiskabesvär.

Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Intimate partner violence (IPV) poses a major challenge for social workers worldwide, as well as in South Africa. In light in the above, the present study aimed to explore the lived experiences of social workers dealing with victims of IPV at Ehlanzeni District, Mpumalanga Province. A qualitative study was conducted among social workers working with victims of IPV. The study had anticipated using 10 participants but, due to data saturation, only six participants were interviewed. Each interview took 45–60 minutes, depending on each participant’s responses. A total of six participants, all females between the ages of 24 and 39 years, were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was applied for data analysis. Four major themes emerged from the analysis of the data: a) emotional and psychological distress experienced by social workers; b) impact on personal and professional lives; c) coping strategies; and d) vicarious posttraumatic growth. Importantly, some themes and subthemes not included in the interview guide emerged from the data. These included subthemes such as family involvement and societal pressure. The findings of the study highlighted that it is quite rare for men to report IPV, although at times they do. There is greater IPV prevalence among females of different ages. Secondary traumatisation is one of the negative effects that social workers experience when working with cases of traumatic IPV. However, social workers have found effective ways of coping with the demands of their work. Some of the identified coping mechanisms included choosing to spend time with family, trying to forget about the day’s work, travelling, being strong and resilient, consulting a psychologist, playing games, praying (spirituality) and reading the Bible, sharing their experiences with a more experienced social worker, spending time with friends, laughing, singing and remaining professional. The study found that these coping strategies helped the social workers to deal with burnout and compassion fatigue. The present study recommends that effective coping methods and support for mental health care workers are needed to assist with secondary trauma stress and the negative effects that comes with the job.

The present study constitutes the qualitative part of a project with aim to evaluate the implementation of Region Skåne’s care program to prevent intimate partner violence. Due to the increasing awareness of youth intimate partner violence in Sweden, the study aim was to evaluate the extent to which the care program has been implemented, as well as what the perceptions of the care program were, in three care settings specialized in young patients. A qualitative focus group study with an inductive approach was chosen. Four focus groups with 12 participants recruited from three care settings specialized in young patients within the region of Skåne county were held. Three of the participants were not explicitly governed by regional guidelines due to working in units which constituted a partnership between the region and the municipality. The data was analysed by using thematic analysis. Two main themes appeared in the findings, with the first being organizational leadership. Factors associated was that the care program had not been fully communicated and/or implemented in any regional unit. Further, the extent to which the professionals had obtained extensive training and/or perceived themselves as supported from the management varied. The second main theme, the clinical practice, reflected the clinical experiences of various types of violence, tasks that could appear challenging such as documenting IPV, screening for IPV online and making reports of concern. The main conclusion is that there are gaps between policy and practice in all contexts where the program is to be used. Recommendations are that organizational leaders should ensure the program to be sufficiently communicated to all professionals, and be responsive to requests for local adjustments and/or insecurities in relation to following the program, in order for neither screenings, nor documentation, nor making reports to fall between the cracks. / Den ingår i en ännu pågående utvärdering av Region Skånes vårdprogram mot våld i nära relationer. Projektet är finansierat av BRÅ.

To improve understanding of factors associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and explore its role in sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition, we analyzed partnership-level correlates of IPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Peru. In a 2017 cross-sectional study of rectal STI screening and HIV prevention, MSM/TW completed a sociobehavioral survey addressing demographic characteristics, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use, and were tested for rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV. Generalized estimating equations estimated individual- and partner-level correlates of IPV. Of 576 participants (median age, 27 years), 7.9% (36/456) of MSM and 15.0% (18/120) of TW reported IPV with ≥ 1 of their last three partners. MSM/TW reporting IPV were more likely to meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder (74.1%) than participants reporting no IPV (56.7%; p <.01). Physical violence (4.5% MSM; 9.2% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (aPR 3.79, 95% CI 1.79–8.04), partner concurrency (4.42, 1.19–16.40), and participant alcohol (4.71, 1.82–12.17) or drug use (5.38, 2.22–13.02) prior to sex. Psychological violence (4.5% MSM; 5.0% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (2.84, 1.01–7.99). Sexual IPV was reported by 1.1% of MSM and 5.0% of TW. Physical, psychological, and sexual IPV were reported in sexual partnerships of Peruvian MSM and TW, particularly with stable partners and in conjunction with substance use. / Revisión por pares

Bakgrund: Våld i nära relationer innebär fysiskt, psykiskt och/eller sexuellt våld. Det anses vara ett stort hälsoproblem som främst drabbar kvinnor och ger fysiska, psykiska och sociala konsekvenser. Hälso- och sjukvården har ett stort ansvar gällande att upptäcka och hjälpa utsatta kvinnor samt förebygga våld i nära relationer, men många kvinnor upplever att de inte fått adekvat stöd och hjälp från hälso- och sjukvården. Syfte: Att belysa faktorer som påverkar sjuksköterskors beredskap inför och agerande vid mötet med kvinnor som misstänks vara eller är utsatta för våld i nära relation. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med analys och sammanställning av tio vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ data. Resultat: Faktorer som påverkade beredskap och agerande var dels relaterade till sjuksköterskan som person; attityder och tankar kring sjuksköterskans professionella roll, sjuksköterskans känslor samt personliga och professionella erfarenheter av våld i nära relationer. Dels påverkade också faktorer som var relaterade till sjuksköterskans omgivning och förutsättningar; utbildning och praktiska färdigheter, miljö samt organisation. Slutsats: Fördjupade kunskaper, erfarenhet och en mer öppen, förstående attityd hos sjuksköterskor visade sig kunna vara avgörande för kvaliteten på vården av kvinnor som har blivit utsatta för våld i nära relationer. Klinisk betydelse: Utbildning inom våld i nära relationer skulle kunna utvecklas, attityder diskuteras och handlingsplaner införlivas på ett tydligare sätt i vården. / Background: Intimate partner violence involves physical, psychological and/or sexual violence. It is viewed as a major health problem that mainly affects women and has physical, psychological and social consequences. The health care system has a great responsibility in identifying and helping subjected women and in preventing intimate partner violence, yet many women feel that they do not get adequate support and help from the health care services. Aim: To illuminate factors affecting nurses‟ preparedness for and interaction with women who may be or are subjected to intimate partner violence. Method: General literature review with analysis and synthesis of ten research articles with both qualitative and quantitative data. Results: Factors were partly related to the nurse in person; attitudes and conceptions about the nurses‟ professional role, the nurses‟ feelings, and personal and professional experiences of intimate partner violence. Other factors were related to the nurses‟ environment and conditions; education and practical skills, environment and organization. Conclusion: Enhanced knowledge, experience and more open-minded and understanding attitudes among nurses could be determining for the quality of care of women subjected to intimate partner violence. Clinical significance: Education about intimate partner violence could be developed, attitudes discussed and guidelines implemented in a more explicit manner in healthcare.

Background: In 2015, 17,000 reports were made of about assault cases in Sweden. In 46% of the reports the perpetrator was in a close relationship with the victim. When the victims of violence seek care, healthcare staff lacks routines and resources to pay attention to and respond to women adequately, despite the fact that the healthcare system has legal responsibility to prevent, detect and identify violence. Hence the interest in how healthcare professionals meet these women and what routines and resources are available in health care to support women with violence. Aim: The literature review’s aims was to map the encounter of women who are exposed to violence in close relationships with a male partner. Method: A general literature review based on qualitative and quantitative articles. Result: Healthcare professionals pay attention to and rarely respond to vulnerable women in healthcare due to lack of knowledge and education. Lack of routines and resources prevents healthcare professionals from responding to and providing adequate support to women with violence. Conclusions: The conclusion that can be drawn is that the predominantly affected person's lack of treatment and the lack of routines and resources of the healthcare system is the woman who is the victim of violence. Suggestions for Continuing Research: To research how healthcare is working with the shortcomings that presents in the encounter of women who experience intimate partner violence / Bakgrund: År 2015 gjordes 17 000 anmälningar om misshandelsbrott i Sverige. I 46% av anmälningarna var gärningsmannen i en nära relation med offret. När de våldsutsatta kvinnorna söker vård saknar vårdpersonal rutiner och resurser för att uppmärksamma och bemöta kvinnorna på adekvat sätt, trots att hälso- och sjukvården har lagstadgat ansvar att förebygga, upptäcka och identifiera våld. Därav intresset för hur vårdpersonal bemöter dessa kvinnor och vilka rutiner och resurser som finns inom hälso- och sjukvården att ge stöd till våldsutsatta kvinnor. Syfte: Litteraturöversikten syftade till att kartlägga hälso- och sjukvårdens bemötande av kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relation av en manlig partner. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt baserad på kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar. Resultat: Vårdpersonal inom hälso- och sjukvården uppmärksammade och bemötte sällan våldsutsatta kvinnor i vården på grund av bristande kunskap och utbildning. Brister i rutiner och resurser hindra vårdpersonalen från att bemöta och ge adekvat stöd till våldsutsatta kvinnor. Slutsatser: Slutsatsen som kan dras är att den som främst drabbas av vårdpersonalens bristande bemötande samt hälso- och sjukvårdens bristande rutiner och resurser, är den våldsutsatta kvinnan. Förslag på fortsatt forskning: Efterforska vidare hur hälso- och sjukvården arbetar med bristerna som framkommer i bemötandet med våldsutsatta kvinnor.

Kvinnojourer i Sverige utför varje dag ett viktigt arbete med att hjälpa våldsutsatta kvinnor. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka de som arbetar på kvinnojourers erfarenheter kring våldsutsatta kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser och om dessa erfarenheter har ändrat deras arbetssätt med att hjälpa andra våldsutsatta kvinnor. Två frågeställningar användes för att besvara syftet där den första berörde kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser och den andra jourernas arbete. Utförandet av studien underbyggs av att det råder en kunskapslucka kring just detta område. I studien genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio anställda på olika kvinnojourer i Sverige. En tematisk analys gjordes för att analysera den insamlade datan, för att sedan identifiera kodord som bildades till teman. Åtta teman bildades; omgivning, stöd, kunskap, yttre faktorer, kvinnan, kunskap, support och individuella faktorer. Resultatet visade att enligt kvinnojourerna är det individuellt varför en kvinna lämnar en våldsam relation men de främsta orsakerna är när barn eller omgivning drabbas, att våldet eskalerar eller att kvinnan helt enkelt fått nog. De ansåg även att erfarenheter och kunskap kring kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser har en inverkan på hur de arbetar med andra utsatta kvinnor. / Women's shelters in Sweden perform every day an important job of helping abused women. This study aims to examine those who work at women's shelters and their experiences on abused women's leaving processes. Also if these experiences has changed their way of working with helping other abused women. Two questions were used to achieve the purpose. The first question is about women’s leaving processes and the second is about the shelters work. The execution of the study is supported by the fact that there is a knowledge gap in this area. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine employees at various women's shelters in sweden. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data, and then to identify codewords formed into themes. Eight themes were found; environment, support, knowledge, external factors, the woman, knowledge, support and individual factors. The results showed that according to the women's shelters, it's individual why a woman leaves a violent relationship but the main reasons are when children or the environment is affected, that the violence escalates or that the woman has had enough. They also felt that experiences and knowledge about women's leaving processes have an impact on their work with other abused women.