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Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επικεντρώνει το ενδιαφέρον της στη μελέτη του φαινομένου της αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ κειμένου-αναγνώστη υπό το φως της θεωρίας της Αισθητικής Ανταπόκρισης του Wolfgang Iser. Στο πλαίσιο της εργασίας καταβάλλεται μια προσπάθεια ανάδειξης των θεωρητικών αρχών του Iser, προκειμένου να προβληθεί η δυναμική τους και να ελεγχθεί ο βαθμός αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ κειμένου και αναγνώστη στα εφηβικά μυθιστορήματα του Βασίλη Παπαθεοδώρου που επιλέχθηκαν για την εφαρμογή της θεωρίας της Αισθητικής Ανταπόκρισης. Η εργασία χωρίζεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος εκτίθεται η προβληματική της έρευνας, οι στόχοι, οι περιορισμοί του υλικού της μελέτης, η μέθοδος που ακολουθείται και οι επιρροές που δέχτηκε ο Iser για τη διαμόρφωση του θεωρητικού του μοντέλου. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται διεξοδικά η θεωρία της Αισθητικής Ανταπόκρισης του Iser, με έμφαση στους άξονες που τη διαρθρώνουν – δηλαδή: υπονοούμενος αναγνώστης, λογοτεχνικό ρεπερτόριο, λογοτεχνικές στρατηγικές – αλλά και στην έννοια της διάδρασης που συνιστά τον πυρήνα της. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της εργασίας παρουσιάζονται τα ευρήματα από την εφαρμογή της θεωρίας στα επιλεγμένα μυθιστορήματα και εξετάζεται, σύμφωνα με τους άξονες της θεωρίας του Iser, η επικοινωνία κειμένου- αναγνώστη κατά τη διάρκεια της λογοτεχνικής διαδικασίας. Στο τέλος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας συνοψίζονται τα συμπεράσματα από την εφαρμογή του θεωρητικού μοντέλου του Iser. / The present thesis focuses on the study of the phenomenon of 'interaction' between the text and the reader in the light of Wolfgang Iser's Theory of Aesthetic Response. An effort has been made to showcase the theoretical principles of Iser in order to highlight its dynamics, and examine the degree of 'interaction' between the text and the reader in the teenage novels of Vasilis Papatheodorou, which have been selected to apply the Theory of Aesthetic Response. The thesis consists of two parts; The first part analyzes research problems, objectives, limitations of the study, the used methodology and the influence that Iser had in order to form his theoretical model. Then Iser's Theory of Aesthetic Response is thoroughly presented focusing on its structuring axes such as the 'implied reader', 'literary repertoire', and 'literary strategies', as well as the 'interaction' which constitutes its core. In the second part of the thesis, the findings of the application of the Theory in the selected novels are presented, and the communication which develops between the text and the reader during the reading process is examined according to the main axes of Iser's Theory. Finally, the conclusions that are obtained from the study are stated in the last chapter.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a presença da figura do leitor e a teorização do ato da leitura como elementos fundamentais das obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, e Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. Com base na teoria da estética do efeito, de Wolfgang Iser, e nas argumentações desenvolvidas por Umberto Eco em Lector in Fabula, tentaremos descrever a forma em que se dá a interação do leitor com os romances mencionados. No percurso do trabalho, estabelecem-se comparações entre as estratégias das obras e entre alguns pontos teóricos discutidos. A conclusão aponta as particularidades das ficções que, ao romper com a tradição literária e, consequentemente, com os hábitos de leitura, devem incorporar as orientações necessárias para que a tentativa do leitor de concretização da obra não se veja frustrada. / This thesis aims to study the presence of the figure of the reader and the theorization of the act of reading as central elements in the novels Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, by Macedonio Fernández, and Rayuela, by Julio Cortázar. Based on Wolfgang Iser's theory of the aesthetics of effect and on Umberto Eco's arguments in Lector in Fabula we describe how the reader interacts with these novels. Throughout the thesis we establish comparisons between the novels' strategies and some of the theoretical points discussed. The conclusion points towards the particularities of fictions that, because they break away from the literary tradition and, thus, from reading habits, must incorporate the necessary guidelines so that the reader's attempt of concretization of the work is not frustrated. / Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la presencia de la figura del lector y la teorización del acto de la lectura como elementos fundamentales da las obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, y Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. De acuerdo a la teoría de la estética del efecto, de Wolfgang Iser, y a las argumentaciones presentadas por Umberto Eco en Lector in Fabula, intentaremos describir la forma en que sucede la interacción del lector con los romances mencionados. En el desarrollo del trabajo, se establecen comparaciones entre las estrategias de las obras y entre algunos puntos teóricos discutidos. La conclusión apunta a revelar particularidades de las ficciones que, al romper con la tradición literaria y, consecuentemente, con los hábitos de lectura, deben incorporar las orientaciones necesarias para que el intento del lector de concretización de la obra no resulte frustrado.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:02:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000398247-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 556446 bytes, checksum: f8a8cb9aa35858ee18d047f536ca82b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / This dissertation examines the assumption that there is an expectation of the author to cause an effect on the reader. It presents it as part of the process of short story´s composition and like the principally element responsible for the qualification of the literary text. The work is organized into three areas: 1) short story aspects; 2) effect aspects; 3) fusion: the short story and the effect. It identifies short story's characteristics and the way theoretical texts analize the effect as its constituent element. The following texts were used as reference: Julio Cortázar, Ricardo Piglia, Aristoteles and Edgar Allan Poe, in addition with the theory of the effect of Wolfgang Iser / A presente dissertação analisa o pressuposto de que há uma expectativa do autor em provocar um efeito no leitor. Apresenta-o como parte do processo de composição do conto e elemento responsável pela qualificação do texto literário. O estudo divide-se em três eixos: 1) aspectos do conto; 2) aspectos do efeito; 3) fusão: o conto e o efeito. Identifica características do conto e o modo como os textos teóricos analisam o efeito como seu elemento constitutivo. Foram utilizados os estudos de Julio Cortázar, Ricardo Piglia, Aristóteles e Edgar Allan Poe, além da teoria do efeito, de Wolfgang Iser.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a presença da figura do leitor e a teorização do ato da leitura como elementos fundamentais das obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, e Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. Com base na teoria da estética do efeito, de Wolfgang Iser, e nas argumentações desenvolvidas por Umberto Eco em Lector in Fabula, tentaremos descrever a forma em que se dá a interação do leitor com os romances mencionados. No percurso do trabalho, estabelecem-se comparações entre as estratégias das obras e entre alguns pontos teóricos discutidos. A conclusão aponta as particularidades das ficções que, ao romper com a tradição literária e, consequentemente, com os hábitos de leitura, devem incorporar as orientações necessárias para que a tentativa do leitor de concretização da obra não se veja frustrada. / This thesis aims to study the presence of the figure of the reader and the theorization of the act of reading as central elements in the novels Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, by Macedonio Fernández, and Rayuela, by Julio Cortázar. Based on Wolfgang Iser's theory of the aesthetics of effect and on Umberto Eco's arguments in Lector in Fabula we describe how the reader interacts with these novels. Throughout the thesis we establish comparisons between the novels' strategies and some of the theoretical points discussed. The conclusion points towards the particularities of fictions that, because they break away from the literary tradition and, thus, from reading habits, must incorporate the necessary guidelines so that the reader's attempt of concretization of the work is not frustrated. / Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la presencia de la figura del lector y la teorización del acto de la lectura como elementos fundamentales da las obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, y Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. De acuerdo a la teoría de la estética del efecto, de Wolfgang Iser, y a las argumentaciones presentadas por Umberto Eco en Lector in Fabula, intentaremos describir la forma en que sucede la interacción del lector con los romances mencionados. En el desarrollo del trabajo, se establecen comparaciones entre las estrategias de las obras y entre algunos puntos teóricos discutidos. La conclusión apunta a revelar particularidades de las ficciones que, al romper con la tradición literaria y, consecuentemente, con los hábitos de lectura, deben incorporar las orientaciones necesarias para que el intento del lector de concretización de la obra no resulte frustrado.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a presença da figura do leitor e a teorização do ato da leitura como elementos fundamentais das obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, e Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. Com base na teoria da estética do efeito, de Wolfgang Iser, e nas argumentações desenvolvidas por Umberto Eco em Lector in Fabula, tentaremos descrever a forma em que se dá a interação do leitor com os romances mencionados. No percurso do trabalho, estabelecem-se comparações entre as estratégias das obras e entre alguns pontos teóricos discutidos. A conclusão aponta as particularidades das ficções que, ao romper com a tradição literária e, consequentemente, com os hábitos de leitura, devem incorporar as orientações necessárias para que a tentativa do leitor de concretização da obra não se veja frustrada. / This thesis aims to study the presence of the figure of the reader and the theorization of the act of reading as central elements in the novels Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, by Macedonio Fernández, and Rayuela, by Julio Cortázar. Based on Wolfgang Iser's theory of the aesthetics of effect and on Umberto Eco's arguments in Lector in Fabula we describe how the reader interacts with these novels. Throughout the thesis we establish comparisons between the novels' strategies and some of the theoretical points discussed. The conclusion points towards the particularities of fictions that, because they break away from the literary tradition and, thus, from reading habits, must incorporate the necessary guidelines so that the reader's attempt of concretization of the work is not frustrated. / Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la presencia de la figura del lector y la teorización del acto de la lectura como elementos fundamentales da las obras Museo de la Novela de la Eterna, de Macedonio Fernández, y Rayuela, de Julio Cortázar. De acuerdo a la teoría de la estética del efecto, de Wolfgang Iser, y a las argumentaciones presentadas por Umberto Eco en Lector in Fabula, intentaremos describir la forma en que sucede la interacción del lector con los romances mencionados. En el desarrollo del trabajo, se establecen comparaciones entre las estrategias de las obras y entre algunos puntos teóricos discutidos. La conclusión apunta a revelar particularidades de las ficciones que, al romper con la tradición literaria y, consecuentemente, con los hábitos de lectura, deben incorporar las orientaciones necesarias para que el intento del lector de concretización de la obra no resulte frustrado.

This essay focuses on psychoanalytical notions in Robert Bloch’s novel Psycho. The theoretical framework is based on Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis. Slavoj Žižek’s idea that the house serves as a symbol of Freud’s concept of the Super-Ego, Ego and Id is presented and further developed. Moreover, it is exemplified how the idea of repression as a defense mechanism can be traced in the novel. It is then explained that repression is used as a tool for making the reader feel sympathy for Norman Bates. In addition, Wolfgang Iser’s reception theory is used to explain how Bloch uses gaps and pre-intentions in order to create anticipation and retrospection in the reader to produce suspense and horror. The intention is to prove that the attention to the psychological issues is what makes the monster of the novel more sympathetic and recognizable to us as readers. Thus, the result is that we position ourselves closer to the monster, which leaves us wondering if we could, due to our shared psychology, be monsters as well.

How can a character from a children’s book become so divisive that he causes arguments amongst adults? This essay uses transactional reader response theory to explain the reason why the character Severus Snape from the Harry Potter book series by J.K. Rowling is so controversial. Applying notions from reader response theorists such as Rosenblatt and Iser together with earlier research on Snape will show how the reader’s opinion is affected by both the text itself and their own personal experience. A poll was created and posted on Facebook with over a thousand replies. This data is analysed and used to apply the theory on real examples. The conclusion of the essay is that Snape is both good and bad. He acts heroically but is also vindictive and petty. Snape is perhaps the most human of all Rowling’s characters and each reader recognises a little of themselves in him that they can relate to. Because of ongoing arguments regarding Snape readers have to constantly defend their opinion. As the opinion is re-evaluated it is also strengthened each time readers reconsider the story of Snape and, like Snape himself once asked Professor Quirrell to do, decide where their loyalties lie.

This study in Old Testament exegesis is focused on two interpretations of three central passages in the book of Job, by C.G. Jung in Answer to Job (1952) and Leo Perdue in Wisdom in Revolt – Metaphorical Theology in the Book of Job (1991). The study examines the questions addressed to the book of Job by Jung and Perdue respectively, and the expectations that are imbedded in their readings. The concepts of "horizon of expectation" and "gaps" from Reception theory are central to the interpretation.  More particularly, the study examines the interpretations by Jung and Perdue of two passages in the book of Job where there is a verbal confrontation between Job and God, and the very last sequence of the book, the epilogue. These scenes also represent what W. Iser calls "gaps" (Leerstellen) in the narration, ambiguous passages, designed to activate the reader’s participation in the interpretation of a text. In the study, the horizon of expectations of Jung and Perdue respectively, is outlined and compared. The results show that, while the theologian Perdue is interested in the psychological aspects of Job’s process in relation to God, Jung, the psychologist, paradoxically is focused on the theological question of God’s character and being.  The study’s point of outlook is that in each interpretation of a text, the reader’s horizon of expectation is embedded. When it comes to Bible commentary, layers of historical contexts and theological tradition shape the interpretative work. Nevertheless, each reader also confronts the text anew while reading, within the frames of his own experiences and expectations.

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