Nous voulons démontrer l’importance du moment biographique et formatif d’Amelia Rosselli qui précède son écriture et le rôle de ses premiers écrits plurilingues qui représentent la préhistoire de sa trilogie italienne et d’autres œuvres de sa maturité littéraire. Pour ce faire, cette thèse étudie, dans ses deux premières parties, l’exil de la famille Rosselli, victime de la persécution politique pendant le ventennio fasciste et la proto-formation culturelle, franco-anglo-américaine, de la poétesse, entre musique, littérature et politique. Nous dressons une synthèse de l’influence du néoréalisme du poète Rocco Scotellaro et de l’ethnologue Ernesto de Martino. Dans la troisième partie, cette étude analyse, dans une perspective intertextuelle, les Primi Scritti de 1952 à 1963 et décrit l’idiome de la poétesse, caractérisé par l’alternance et le mélange, parfois dans le même texte, de l’italien, de l’anglais et du français. Parallèlement nous montrons comme le plurilinguisme d’Amelia Rosselli ne se limite pas à une simple triglossie. Son plurilinguisme englobe d’autres langues : le latin, l’italien et le français du moyen âge, l’anglais élisabéthain, la langue des analphabètes de la Basilicate, les formes populaires du Sud de l’Italie et de Rome. Nous soutenons l’importance des études anthropologiques et ethnomusicologiques qu’elle a suivies de 1952 à 1953 et nous montrons en quoi le livre-enquête Contadini del Sud du lucanien Rocco Scotellaro a été déterminant pour Amelia Rosselli, ainsi que d’autres textes, afin de décrire la richesse de sa préhistoire littéraire. Pendant l’analyse des textes des origines, nous dégageons la naissance de trois poétiques d’Amelia Rosselli, de l’espace, de l’éclipse du moi poétique et de la blessure qui se montrent interdépendantes, s’entrelacent et se développent au cours des années 60 et 70. / We would like to show the importance of Amelia Rosselli’s formative and biographical moment that precedes her writing as well as the role of her first multilingual works that represent the prehistory of her Italian trilogy and of other works of her literary maturity. To do so, this thesis studies, in its first two sections, the exile of the Rosselli family, victim of political persecution throughout the fascist ventennio, as well as the poet’s Franco-English-American proto-formation, amongst music, literature and politics. We will draw up a synthesis of the neorealist influence of the poet Rocco Scotellaro and of the ethnologist Ernesto de Martino. In the third section, this study will analyse, in an inter-textual perspective, the Primi Scritti (1952-1963) and will describe the poet’s idiom, characterized by alternation and mixture, of Italian, French, and English, sometimes in the same text. In parallel we will show how Amelia Rosselli’s multilingualism is not limited to a simple triglossie. Her multilingualism includes other languages: Latin, Italian and French from the Middle Ages, Elizabethan English, the spoken language of the illiterate from Basilicata, plus popular forms of speech from the south of Italy and from Rome. We uphold the importance of the anthropological and ethno-musicological studies carried out by Amelia Rosselli from 1952 to 1953. We will also show how the book of investigation Contadini del Sud by the Lucanian Rocco Scotellero was determining for her, as well as other texts, to be able to describe the treasures of her literary prehistory. Throughout the analysis of the texts of the origins we will uncover the birth of Amelia Rosselli’s three poetics: that of space, of the eclipse of oneself, and that of the wound, together to be seen as interdependent, entwined, and that will further develop themselves during the 60’s and the 70’s.

Dans ce travail on essaye de donner une définition et une historicisation de ce qu’on appelle « littérature italienne de la migration ». Il y a tout de suite une distinction à faire entre les écrivains étrangers qui écrivaient en italien avant le grand flux migratoire des années ’80 et ceux qui sont issus de cette vague, dont la thèse s’occupe dans une manière plus spécifique (années 1989-2007). Les changements sociaux et culturels que les nouveaux immigrés ont apporté, ont transformé l’Italie de pays d’émigration en pays d’immigration. Au niveau littéraire ces écrivains ont d’abord utilisé un langage standard, pour se faire comprendre du public et pour témoigner les difficultés du voyage migratoire et de l’intégration ;les dernières œuvres, pourtant, analysées dans la deuxième partie de la thèse, ont été écrites par des écrivains qui manipulent plus facilement la langue italienne, utilisant un plurilinguisme témoin d’un lien très stricte entre oralité et écriture, et entre langue d’origine et langue d’accueil. Enfin, les oeuvres des écrivains italophones postcoloniaux et de ceux issus de la deuxième génération peuvent rapporter la littérature italienne contemporaine avec des autres situation (France, Allemagne, Angleterre, Etats Unis) qui semblent très similaires.<p><p><p>ENGLISH: On this work we want to give a definition about “Italian Migrant Literature”. There is a difference between writers came in Italy before or after the migration’s fluxes on the 80’s. With this social and cultural changes, Italy became immigration country. First, migrant writers used a standard language, to have a big public and to talk about migration. Last works are more interesting because they use a plurilingualism that can show the relationship between oral and write. Finally, Postcolonial Italian writers and Second Generation writers make a connection with the literary situation in the other countries (France, Germany, Britain, United States). <p><p><p> / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Set in 16th century Florence, Italy, "La Gioconda" takes you on the journey of Lisa del Gioconda, the woman behind one of the most recognized paintings in the world, The Mona Lisa. Married off at a young age, Lisa finds comfort in her secret love affair with Art. Her secret world crosses paths with an Art apprentice, Leonardo da Vinci, who takes her on as his student. Lisa tells her husband that she is at church praying while spending her afternoons with Da Vinci, mastering her craft and technique. A love affair begins to blossom and Lisa is forced to make a big decision in the end. Secrets begin to unravel including the truth behind Da Vinci's original painting of the Mona Lisa before it became what we all know it to be today.

Des romans néoréalistes aux récits fantastiques, des fables modernes aux essais engagés, Italo Calvino (1923-1985) fut un auteur très fécond. Ses écrits forment un parcours où se mêlent réel et imaginaire, visible et invisible, dicible et indicible, présence et absence. Au centre de ce parcours : des personnages souvent pourfendus en quête de vérité, d’harmonie, de complétude. La ville, espace humain par excellence, constitue un terrain d’observation privilégié pour révéler ces différents thèmes. Plus qu’un décor ou un lieu d’habitation, elle se fait miroir des personnages. Qu’elle soit réelle, imaginaire ou utopique, la ville semble cacher un secret. La présente étude propose de retracer et de suivre en parallèle l’évolution de l’espace urbain et celle de l’espace humain pour voir si ces paysages extérieur et intérieur sont à même de vivre ensemble. La ville, dans le corpus calvinien étudié, change sans cesse de visage : de la ville provinciale et balnéaire à la métropole industrielle, de la ville-encyclopédie à la ville sans racines. Souvent considérée comme un monstre en puissance, une maladie de l’époque moderne, un espace stérile et anonyme, la ville s’apparente alors à une cage « dorée » dans laquelle l’homme s’égare toujours plus. Pour sortir de ce labyrinthe, nous envisagerons l’espace urbain autrement afin de lui redonner son véritable sens. Nous voyagerons ainsi avec Marco Polo et remonterons aux origines de la ville pour nous diriger vers ce continent de l’Ailleurs où les cités seront suspendues dans les airs, où elles auront perdu le poids du réel et où peut-être, l’homme sera à même de retrouver sa place et son identité d’être humain et de citoyen des Villes. / From neo-realist novels to fantastic narratives, and from modern fables to committed essays, Italo Calvino (1923-1985) was a prolific author. His writings all weave together the real and imaginary, the visible and invisible, the said and unsaid, the present and absent. At the centre of this pattern are often cloven characters in search of truth, harmony and completeness. The city, the archetypal human space, constitutes a privileged observation point from which these different themes can be observed. More than just a setting or a living space, it acts as a mirror for its characters. Whether the city is real, invisible, imaginary or utopian, it seems to hide a secret. The present study offers to simultaneously recount and follow the evolution of urban and human space in order to see if these outer and inner landscapes can actually live together. If we take into account the Calvinian corpus, we see that the city continually changes its face : from the small provincial and seaside town to the industrial metropolis, from the encyclopaedia city to the rootless one. Often considered to be a powerful monster, a disease of modern times, a sterile and anonymous space, the city resembles something more like a gilded cage in which men are always led astray. In order to escape this labyrinth, we must reimagine urban space in order for it to reclaim its true meaning. Thus, we will travel side-by-side with Marco Polo : we will retrace the history of the city in order to travel the continent of Elsewhere, one in which cities will be suspended in the air, unburdened by reality, and where – perhaps – we will be able to recover our humanity and our citizenship of Cities.

Esta dissertação tenciona fazer uma leitura da obra Il Canzoniere, de Umberto Saba, com base na linha tensiva descendente que se inicia na coletânea Trieste e una donna (1910-1912), e cujo ponto de menor temperatura é Cose leggere e vaganti (1920). Procuramos focar nossa leitura nas tensões e ambivalências que perpassam a produção poética do triestino nesse período. Desse modo, o trabalho está estruturado em três capítulos: no primeiro, centramos atenção em Trieste e una donna e tentamos compreender como se estabelece a relação de confluencia entre o eu-lírico e o sensível, como busca de apreensão da elementaridade das coisas e conseqüente aceitação da vida em toda sua variedade; no segundo, tratamos de La serena disperazione(1913-1915) e Poesie scritte durante la guerra (1917), mantendo o foco na dinâmica entre permanência e ruptura, e tendo como base os motivos da tentativa de recuperação de recursos usados em coletâneas anteriores; no terceiro, abordamos Cose leggere e vaganti, com vistas a tentar entender a aparente leveza que perpassa a coletânea, e mostrar como, em última instância, subjaz nela a oposição entre peso e leveza. Com o presente trabalho, procuramos evidenciar, assim, que a linha descendente de tensão estaria, em última instância, associada à tentativa de fuga da dor e do sofrimento. / This dissertation intends to read the work Il Canzoniere, by Umberto Saba, based on the tensed descendent line which begins with the collection Trieste e una donna, and which point of lower temperature is Cose leggere e vaganti. We sought to focus our reading in the tensions and the ambivalence that go across the poetic production of the Triestian in such period. So, this work is structured in three chapters: on the first one, we centered the attention in Trieste e una donna and tried to understand how the confluent relation between the lyric-self and the sensory is established, as we seek to seize the elementary things and its consequent acceptance of life in all its variety; on the second one, we approached La serena disperazione and Poesie scritte durante la guerra, keeping the focus on the dynamics between permanence and rupture, being based on the motives to attempt the recall of the resources used in previous collections; on the third one, we approached Cose leggere e vaganti, in order to attempt to understand the apparent lightness which goes along the collection, and to show how, in a last stage, it is underlain the opposition between weight and lightness. Within this work, we seek to emphasize that the descendent tension line would be, in a last level, associated to the scape of pain and suffering.

No romance autobiográfico \"Cristo si è fermato a Eboli\", Carlo Levi narra acontecimentos vividos durante o período em que cumpriu pena de confinamento na Lucânia, imposta pelo governo fascista, de quem era opositor. Publicado na Itália em 1945, o livro teve duas traduções no Brasil, uma em 1952 e outra em 1986. No presente trabalho são analisadas as escolhas das tradutoras brasileiras nos trechos em que os personagens comunicam-se fazendo uso de expressões populares e dialetais e provérbios, bem como naquelas passagens em que Carlo Levi mostra-se irônico ou vale-se de outras figuras de linguagem. A análise tem por fundamento a sistemática de deformação a que se refere Antoine Berman e será observada a forma como tal sistemática manifesta-se nas traduções como um todo e em particular nos trechos acima referidos. A metodologia adotada foi a leitura da obra em análise, seu original em língua italiana, bem como das demais obras narrativas de Carlo Levi, para fins de assimilação do estilo do autor e comparação do texto original com as traduções brasileiras. / In the autobiographical novel \"Cristo si è fermato a Eboli\", Carlo Levi narrates events that occurred during the period of his imprisonment in Lucania imposed by the fascist government, to which he was opposed. Published in Italia in 1945, it has two translations in Brazil, one in 1952 and another in 1986. This work will analyze the choices made by the Brazilian translators in the passages where the characters communicate using popular and dialectal expressions and proverbs, as well as in passages where Carlo Levi is ironic or uses other figures of speech. The analysis is based on the system of deformation referred to by Antoine Berman and will be observed how such system is expressed in the translations as a whole and specifically in the passages referred to above. The methodology adopted was the reading of the book under analysis, its original version in Italian and other narrative works of Carlo Levi, for assimilation of the style of the author and comparison of the original text with the Brazilian translations.

Primo Levi (1919-1987), de origem judaica, antifascista e químico de formação, passa quase um ano de sua vida como prisioneiro em um dos campos de concentração de Auschwitz. Preso como partigiano, deportado como judeu, e sobrevivente por acaso, Levi faz daquela experiência, através da necessidade de narrar, o ponto de partida de sua literatura. Seu percurso parte da literatura de testemunho, matéria de suas duas primeiras obras, Se questo è un uomo e La tregua. Porém, sua grande vocação narrativa faz com que cultive os mais diversos gêneros ao longo de sua carreira, indo desde a autobiografia, até a poesia, o romance e os contos fantásticos e de ficção científica. A análise da obra literária de Levi, obrigatoriamente, deve considerar dois aspectos, que estão na gênese e na construção de seus escritos: o primeiro é a origem de sua literatura, nascida da experiência como prisioneiro e da observação daquele universo e que dele nunca se desprendeu; o segundo é a sua formação, pois, como químico, o olhar que dirigia ao mundo era determinado pelos preceitos da ciência que escolheu, e pela qual era apaixonado. Assim sendo, pretendemos analisar a literatura de Levi a partir da relação que ela estabelece com a ciência, com a técnica e com a tecnologia, partindo de seu livro de estreia, no qual o olhar do cientista permitiu definir o Lager como um grande experimento biológico e social. As referências para a análise serão os dois primeiros volumes de contos, que se ligam à tradição do fantástico e da ficção científica Storie naturali e Vizio di forma e os dois livros da década de 70, que apresentam a técnica e o trabalho como símbolos de liberdade: Il sistema periodico, obra na qual a química, os químicos e o seu trabalho são protagonistas; e La chiave a stella, que apresenta a exaltação do trabalho liberatório, portador de satisfação e felicidade. Dessa forma, demonstraremos que nenhuma página da literatura de Primo Levi está dissociada de sua experiência como deportado ou de sua formação científica, e isso influencia diretamente o seu estilo, transformando-o em um dos principais representantes, na literatura universal, da relação entre as duas culturas, como também em um dos principais prosadores da segunda metade do século XX. / Primo Levi (1919-1987), of Jewish origin, anti-fascist and chemist of formation, passes nearly a year of his life as a prisoner at the Auschwitz concentration camp. Captured as partigiano, deported as Jew, and survivor by chance, Levi makes that experience, through the need of narrating, the starting point of his literature. His pathway starts from the testimonial literature, subject of his first two works, Se questo è un uomo and La tregua. However, his narrative vocation makes him cultivate the most diverse genres throughout his career, from autobiography to poetry, romance, fantastic tales and science fiction. The analysis of the literary work of Levi, mandatorily, must consider two aspects that are on the genesis and construction of his writings: the first one is the origin of his literature, born from his experience as prisoner and from the observation of that universe - and from which he never came off; the second one is his formation, since, as a chemist, the way he looked at the world was determined by the precepts of the science he chose, and to which he was passionate. Therefore, we intend to analyze Levis literature from the relationship it establishes with science, technique and technology, starting from his debut book, in which the look of the scientist allows to define the Lager as a great biological and social experiment. The references for this analysis will be the first two volumes of short stories, that bind to the tradition of fantastic and science fiction Storie naturali and Vizio di forma and the two books of the 70s, that present technique and work as symbols of freedom: Il sistema periodico, work in which chemistry, chemists and their work are protagonists; and La chiave a stella, that presents the exaltation of liberatory work, promoter of satisfaction and happiness. Thus, we will demonstrate that any page of Primo Levis literature is dissociated from his experience as deported or his scientific training, and it directly influences his style, transforming it into one of the leading representatives in world literature, from the relationship between \"the two cultures \", as well as one of the major prose writers of the second half of the 20th century.

As citações, alusões e referências à Divina comédia, de Dante Alighieri, começam a aparecer em quantidade e com vigor na obra de Machado de Assis na década de 1870. Estão em todos os gêneros, da poesia à crítica, da crônica à prosa de ficção, demonstrando a forte impressão que a obra provocou no escritor brasileiro. Esta tese trata das referências dantianas na obra de Machado de 1873 a 1881, começando em Americanas, passando por Helena e Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, e encerrando n\' \"O alienista\". Com isso, pretende-se mostrar como Machado de Assis estava às voltas com a adequação de temas, estilos, quadros e assuntos do repertório da alta tradição literária, em especial a da Comédia, em sua obra. Experiências que exibem a oscilação que os estilos elevado e baixo, sublime e vulgar sofrem em sua obra, à força de misturas, fusões, imitações e paródias, formas que encontrou para conciliar estes opostos. / Quotations, allusions and references to Dante Alighieri\'s The Divine Comedy started to appear frequently and significantly in the works of Machado de Assis during the 1870\'s. They can be found in all genres Machado worked with, from poetry to criticism, from newspaper columns (crônicas) to prose, evidencing the strong impression that Dante\'s work left in the Brazilian writer. This thesis is about the references to Dante in Machado de Assis\'s works from 1873 to 1881, beginning with Americanas, passing through Helena and Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, and finally \"O alienista\". It aims, accordingly, to demonstrate that Machado de Assis tailored his themes, style, sketches and repertoire to fit in the tradition of high literature, especially that of the Comedy. Such experience shows the oscillation between contrasting styles in Machado\'s work - the elevated and the low, the sublime and the vulgar -, which the author conciliates by employing combinations, fusions, imitations and parodies to bring together such opposite poles.

The entity of Lucifer has long been an area of study and confusion throughout history. Among notable literary minds, Dante Alighieri stands out as an illuminating poet who brings to light the essence and nature of this nefarious character and his influence on mankind. In his revelatory work, the Commedia, Dante touches on but does not explicitly detail the scope and importance that music and specifically, song, has on the redemptive purgation of the soul. This work provides a more in depth investigation into the generally overlooked issue, that is, the origin and initial intent of song, the perversion of which, by whom and why, and Dante’s perception of the subject revealed in his missive to mankind. Along scientific theory, along with other works by Dante to provide a link between Lucifer, music, the sin of pride, and the corruption of the divine. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

La figure du mage charlatan et imposteur constitue, dans la littérature du XVIe siècle, un topos qui reflète la confiance communément accordée à la magie et aux arts hermétiques. Il s'agit d'un personnage novateur, qui apparaît à un siècle où la lutte contre les pratiques magiques se fait progressivement plus intense. Le but de cette recherche est d'analyser les personnages magiques dans différents genres littéraires comme les nouvelles et les comédies, en se concentrant sur la caractérisation linguistique, sur la description du charlatan et de ses complices et les lieux dans lesquels apparaissent le plus fréquemment les imposteurs. En outre, une comparaison est effectuée avec la littérature magique et juridique du XVIe siècle, afin de reconstruire le climat culturel dans lequel les textes étaient produits et diffusés. La représentation du mage-charlatan subit les fréquentes ingérences du pouvoir politique, inquiet du fait qu'une nouvelle hérésie puisse compromettre le fragile équilibre social. Les procès intentés contre les acteurs, dont les pièces vont au-delà du canevas fait de dérision et de moquerie à l'encontre du nécromancien, semblent témoigner de la conviction, enracinée dans le monde intellectuel du XVIe siècle, que les arts hermétiques pourraient nuire aux coutumes des hommes. Cette recherche se propose de trouver des textes littéraires où apparaît la figure du mage escroc et de montrer la précarité de la division entre charlatans et sorciers dans la littérature de l'époque. / The character of the charlatan and impostor magician constitutes in the Renaissance a tòpos who reflects the commonly granted trust to the magic and to the hermetic arts. It deals with an innovative personage, who appears in a century when the struggle against the magician practices was becoming progressively more intense. The aim of this research is the analysis of the personages who represent the magician and the charlatan, focusing on the linguistic and psychological characterisation of the « cerretano » and of his victims. Moreover, a comparison is carried out with the magic and judicial literature of the 16th century in order to reconstruct the cultural atmosphere in which the texts were composed and diffused. The representation of the magician-charlatan was influenced by the usual interferences of political power, worried for the social dangers of a new heresy. In fact, the trials of the actors, whose pieces went beyond the canvas made by derision and mockery of the necromantic, would seem to testify the conviction whereby the hermetic arts could damage the morals. This research aims to find some literary texts where there is the character of the swindler magician and to show the fragility of the division between charlatans and sorcerers in the Renaissance literature.