This thesis examines the citation of Ps 68(67).19 in Eph 4.8. Following an introduction that introduces the problem of the altered wording in the citation in Eph 4.8, chapter 2 comprises a History of Research that is organised around the possible sources for the author’s citation in Eph 4.8. One of several conclusions made is that the proclivity of NT scholars to attribute the source text to particular Jewish traditions has contributed to overlooking the import of Ps 68(67).19 within a normal pattern of christological reading of the Psalms in early Christianity. Following these opening chapters, the thesis is divided broadly into Part One and Part Two. The first is deconstructive in nature; the second is constructive. Part One examines textual traditions of Ps 68(67).19 within Justin Martyr, the Peshitta Psalter, and Targum Psalms. Each of these sources share the reading ‘give’ rather than ‘receive’, raising the question of the relationship between these traditions and Eph 4.8. Chapter 3 examines Justin’s Dialogue with Trypho, which contains two citations of Ps 68(67).19 that strongly resemble Ephesians. Nevertheless, as nearly all interpreters acknowledge, Justin never refers directly to ‘Paul’ or ‘Pauline’ letters in any of his writings. Is the parallel wording of Justin’s citations evidence for an early Christian tradition that was also available to Ephesians? I argue that although unmentioned by name, a reasonable case can be made that Justin is familiar with the Pauline corpus, including Eph 4.8. Chapter 4 considers the evidence of Peshitta Psalms, which agrees with the reading of Eph 4.8 in a strand of its copyist tradition. After examining scholarly construals of the Peshitta MS tradition, I consider direct evidence for the influence of Eph 4.8 upon some Peshitta MSS as intimated by Theodore of Mopsuestia. Chapter 5 examines Targum Psalms, focusing on translation techniques and the targumist’s tendency to add, alter, or modify his source in various ways. I argue that when the targumist’s techniques and tendencies are taken into consideration, the targum’s reading ‘give’ is better understood as a typical targumic insertion. The proclivity of many scholars to link Targum Psalms to Eph 4.8 is a classic example of ‘parallelomania’. Part Two turns to make a constructive case for the citation found in Eph 4.8. Chapter 6 is a close examination of the author of Ephesians’ approach to literary borrowing. I consider both his citations from the Jewish scriptures and his use of Colossians as evidence. Chapter 7 examines how early Christians read the biblical Psalms as prophecies. Following a survey of Jewish readings of the Psalms, this chapter surveys how early Christians read the Psalms in light of the death and resurrection- exaltation of Christ. Drawing insights from this, chapter 8 turns to consider the phrases ‘he ascended . . . he gave gifts’ in Eph 4.8. I argue that an ambiguity of the addressee in the text of Ps 68(67).19 allowed for the application of this text to Christ. Moreover, the ‘ascent’ language could easily be applied to the resurrection- exaltation and this association naturally led to the language of gift-giving in Eph 4.8. Chapter 9 considers how the citation of Ps 68(67).19 fits into the context of Ephesians 4, focusing on several important factors such as the language of descent in Eph 4.9–10. Part One and Part Two are followed by a short conclusion that summarises the thesis and draws out several conclusions and implications based upon this study.

Prevention is key to keeping men who have sex with men (MSM) protected from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite new and innovative HIV prevention resources such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), factors such as education level, employment status, number of sexual partners, and access to health resources may inhibit certain populations from using PrEP. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between education level, employment status, number of sexual partners, and access to health resources and the use of PrEP among MSM. The fundamental cause theory was used to examine how socioeconomic barriers are associated with the use of PrEP among MSM in the United States. Secondary data from 217 surveys were collected from the Public Library of Science. Findings from multiple regression analyses indicated that employment status, access to health resources, and number of sexual partners were not associated with use of PrEP among MSM. Those who had at least some high school or a high school diploma were 3.98 times more likely to be likely to extremely likely to use PrEP, compared to those who had less than a high school education (OR = 3.98, p = .048). Those who had some college were 6.91 more likely to be likely to extremely likely to use PrEP, compared to those who had less than a high school education (OR = 6.91, p = .028). Findings may be used to assist public health professionals in identifying factors that prevent the use of PrEP. By addressing these health threats, and social barriers, specialists could have the ability to increase HIV prevention activity in populations that are more susceptible to being infected with HIV and may decrease HIV infections not only within the MSM population but also in other populations.

Submitted by Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mídia e Cotidiano (ppgmc@vm.uff.br) on 2017-05-02T18:49:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_completa_Raphael_Pinto.pdf: 10215877 bytes, checksum: fd32382f0bbdf546fae6fffda02ac77e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-06-19T16:04:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_completa_Raphael_Pinto.pdf: 10215877 bytes, checksum: fd32382f0bbdf546fae6fffda02ac77e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-19T16:04:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_completa_Raphael_Pinto.pdf: 10215877 bytes, checksum: fd32382f0bbdf546fae6fffda02ac77e (MD5) / A pesquisa tem como foco investigativo as dinâmicas audiovisuais cotidianas construídas em torno de uma fase do percurso profissional do cantor canadense Justin Bieber, a partir da circularidade de suas fotos e vídeos na internet, especialmente no Instagram. Assim, como procedimento metodológico, destacou o documentário Never say Never (2011), cuja narrativa é apresentada como biografia de Justin Bieber, investigando os processos de identificação e imbricamentos entre os aparentemente distantes dois mundos: o da celebridade e dos que o cultuam. A problematização se configura a partir do instante em que os fãs do cantor parecem, a priori, não superar a transição ocorrida no perfil identitário do ídolo e passam a arquivar montagens fotográficas datadas no Instagram. As fotografias compartilhadas são entendidas como encontros narrativos e molduras imagéticas que pronunciam o componente midiático ao gênero biográfico tradicional, permitindo, assim, um interstício nas possíveis leituras sobre as trajetórias vitais das celebridades na contemporaneidade. Nesta perspectiva, buscam-se teorizações para compreender as necessidades imaginárias e as experiências do sujeito com a vida célebre. Sustentam as análises e reflexões desta pesquisa os trabalhos de Mikhail Bakhtin, Edgar Morin, Douglas Kellner, Muniz Sodré e Thiago Soares. Tal percurso traduziu-se na tentativa de elucidar diagnósticos que se somem aos estudos que já entendem o quanto é urgente, hoje, discutirmos as abordagens da cultura do entretenimento / The research is to focus investigative everyday audiovisual dynamics built around a stage in the career of Canadian singer Justin Bieber, from the roundness of your photos and videos on the Internet, especially on Instagram. As well as methodological procedure, said the documentary Never Say Never (2011), whose narrative is presented as Justin Bieber biography, investigating the identification and imbricamentos procedures between apparently distant worlds: the celebrity and the worship. The questioning is configured from the moment that the singer's fans seem a priori not overcome the transition occurred in the identity of the idol profile and pass the archive photo montages dated on Instagram. The photographs are understood as shared narrative meetings and image frames that pronounce the media component to the traditional biographical genre, allowing thus an interstitial on possible readings on the life paths of celebrities nowadays. In this perspective, looking up theories to understand the imaginary needs and experiences of the subject with the famous life. Support the analyzes and reflections of this research work of Mikhail Bakhtin, Edgar Morin, Douglas Kellner, Muniz Sodre and Thiago Soares. Such a course has resulted in an attempt to elucidate diagnoses that are additional to studies already understand how urgent it is today discussing the approaches of the entertainment culture

I denna uppsats undersöks hur de sex professionella idrottsutövarna, Nicklas Bäckström, Alexandr Legkov, Abeba Aregawi, Marija Sjarapova, Nicklas Axelsson och Justin Gatlin framställs i två av Sveriges största morgon- respektive kvällstidningar: Dagens Nyheter och Aftonbladet. Detta efter att de alla sex idrottsutövarna, blivit avslöjade som fuskare och gett ett positivt resultat under en eller flera dopingkontroller. Observerade skillnader och likheter i rapporteringen av de idrottsutövande har analyseras utifrån två relevanta teorier om objektivitet och nationalism: Westerståhls objektivitetsmodell och Billigs teori gällande nationalism. De i studien utvalda texterna har granskats huruvida de utmålar värderingar om ”Vi” och ”dom andra”. Texterna har analyserat med komparativ kvalitativ textanalys med utgångspunkt i de tre frågeställningarna, Hur stor plats i medierna får de individuella fallen? Är det någon skillnad i hur utövarna och deras dopingfall framställs i två av Sveriges största tidningsmedier och om så är fallet, vilka är de? Dessutom undersöks huruvida nationaliteten på utövarna påverkar hur de återges i svenska medier.   I analysen ingår 65 artiklar där resultaten visar klart och tydligt att vissa idrottsutövare fick en mer harmlös behandling där de nästintill sågs som offer medan andra fick utstå hård kritik där också högre grad av negativt värdeladdade ord tenderade att förekomma. Utrymmet de individuella idrottsutövarna fick i de två utvalda tidningarna, Dagens Nyheter och Aftonbladet tenderade att skifta rejält. Nationalitet och etnicitet spelade stor roll när journalisterna rapporterade om dopingfallen. Tydligt var att journalisterna strävade, eller omedvetet stod för ett skapande av ”Vi” och ”dom andra”, där ett återkommande tema var att Ryssland utmålades som fienden medan vi svenskar minsann aldrig fuskar. Analysen visar att Dagens Nyheter och Aftonbladet tenderar att växla i sin attityd när de rapporterar om händelserna kring de sex dopingfallen. I den svenska ishockeyspelaren Nicklas Bäckströms fall var det tydligt att de två tidningarna snarare ventilerade starka åsikter istället för att rapportera om händelseförloppet vilket journalisterna gjorde tydligare i de övriga fem dopingfallen.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-08T13:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Montaño.pdf: 4244321 bytes, checksum: a876e8c9635bed8d999c03d9b8dd5712 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T13:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Montaño.pdf: 4244321 bytes, checksum: a876e8c9635bed8d999c03d9b8dd5712 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-30 / Associação Porticus / PROLIC - Pró-Licenciatura / Esta tese aborda o audiovisual contemporâneo que passa pelas plataformas de vídeo YouTube e Justin TV e, em seu percurso, vai realizando uma ecologia do audiovisual da web, entendendo-o como meio. O conceito de ecologia construído nesta tese parte de autores como McLuhan, Benjamin, Bergson e Latour, entre outros. Durante o encontro do princípio ecológico com os materiais audiovisuais em questão, vai se formando uma imagem dialética do audiovisual da web. Isto é, formam-se constelações que imobilizam esse audiovisual na sua duração e dão a ver sua áudiovisualidade atualizada no conjunto: vídeos, interfaces, usos e ambientes. A ecologia aponta para o banco de dados como a ontologia da contemporaneidade. Não só vídeos e usuários se tornam bancos de dados nas interfaces audiovisuais da web. Eles fazem parte de um ambiente, o dispositivo contemporâneo, dotado de urgência por trânsito e por conectividade, que cria outros dispositivos dos quais emerge um audiovisual - cuja característica mais destacada é seu valor de uso e cujos efeitos mais apontados nesta tese são a audiovisualização da cultura e a softwarização do audiovisual. / This thesis addresses the contemporary audiovisual that passes through the video platforms YouTube and Justin TV and, throughout the route, performs an ecology of the audiovisual on the web, regarding this as a medium. The concept of ecology built in this thesis comes from authors such as McLuhan, Benjamin, Bergson and Latour, among others. A dialectical image of the audio-visual on the web is formed during the meeting of the ecological principle with the audiovisual materials under consideration. That is, a set of constellations that immobilize such audio-visual in its duration and enable to see its audiovisuality expressed in the whole: videos, interfaces, uses and environments. The ecology points to the database as the ontology of contemporariness. Not only videos and users become databases in the web’s audiovisual interfaces: they are part of an environment, the contemporary device, provided with urgency for transit and connectivity. This creates other devices from whichan audio-visual emerges. Its most notable characteristic is its use value and its most noticed effect in this thesis is the audio visualization of the culture and the softwarization of the audio-visual.

O presente trabalho procura analisar a relação entre judeus e cristãos no segundo século a partir dos elementos apresentados por S. Justino no Diálogo com Trifão. Para tanto, julgamos necessário contextualizar a obra no conjunto de transformações ocorridas no interior do Império Romano e na atuação do Estado frente às duas religiões. Desta forma, as Guerras Judaicas na Palestina e as perseguições aos cristãos repercutiram na relação entre judeus e cristãos. Além disso, pensamos que o judeucristianismo e algumas características do cristianismo na cidade de Roma nos ajudam a compreender melhor as intenções de Justino com sua obra. Discutiremos as principais teorias a respeito dos destinatários do Diálogo. Acreditamos ser possível investigar pontos de encontro e de aproximação entre judeus e cristãos, a partir daquilo que Justino demonstra conhecer sobre o judaísmo de seu tempo. No entanto, também é possível perceber no texto as tensões e rivalidades entre os dois grupos de crentes gestadas em um ambiente polêmico. Ambos os casos requerem uma análise mais crítica das palavras do apologista. / The aim of this essay is to analyze the relationship between Jews and Christians in the second century from the evidence presented by S. Justin in the Dialogue with Trypho. For this, we deem necessary to contextualize the work in the set of changes within the Roman Empire and the state action against the two religions. Thus, the Jewish War in Palestine and the persecution of Christians affected the relationship between Jews and Christians. Furthermore, we believe that Judeo-Christianity and some features of Christianity in Rome help us better understand the intentions of Justin with his work. We will discuss the main theories about the recipients of the Dialogue. We believe it is possible to investigate points of contact and rapprochement between Jews and Christians from what Justin knows about the Judaism of his time. However, the text also reveals the tensions and rivalries between the two groups of believers, gestated in a controversial environment. Both cases require a more critical analysis of the apologist´s words.

Zugl.: Revised and amplified version of doctoral diss., Marquette University (Milwaukee, Wis.), 2007. / Bibliogr.: p. [195]-215.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao SAmuel N dos SAntos.pdf: 1063779 bytes, checksum: 95147b60c8e271abf2cf57c25320fd96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-31 / The intention of this study is to analyze the proposal of the making of Christian identity from the work entitled First Apology, by Justin Martyr. We believe that in the formation of Christianity, some authors such as Justin, promoted the project of creating a Christian identity, from the rules and practices that should equalize / standardize the fact of being a Christian in the first and second centuries A.D. Justin, in his First Apology, indicates what should be done and what should be avoided to be considered Christian, and such discourse allows the production of identity characteristics. To achieve this goal, we investigated the relationships of interculturality in the first and second centuries A.D, we researched and presented specific aspects of author and his work, such as: its dating, the extant manuscripts, the genre, the historical context, etc. Finally, in the last chapter, we presented closely at particular aspects of the First Apology: its internal structure, his idea about Jesus, the Jewish prophecies, the Christians as a race, those who were not Christians and the groups considered heretical, the relationship of the author with the stoicism and the Platonism, the author s intention in drawing up his speech and, finally, about the Christian identity proposed by him seen from the data above. / A intenção do presente trabalho é analisar a proposta de construção de uma identidade cristã a partir da obra intitulada I Apologia, de Justino Mártir. Acreditamos que na formação do cristianismo, alguns autores como Justino, promoveram o projeto de criação de uma identidade cristã, a partir de preceitos e práticas que deveriam igualar/homogeneizar o fato de se ser cristão nos séculos I e II d.C. Justino indica na I Apologia o que se deveria fazer e o que se deveria evitar para se ser considerado cristão e tal discurso possibilita a produção de características identitárias. A partir dessa ideia, investigamos as relações de interculturalidade nos séculos I e II d.C., pesquisamos e apresentamos o autor e aspectos específicos de sua produção, tais como: datação, manuscritos existentes, gênero, o contexto histórico, etc. Por fim, no último capítulo, apresentamos detidamente aspectos particulares da I Apologia: sua estrutura interna, sua ideia de Jesus, das profecias judaicas, dos cristãos enquanto uma raça, que os diferenciavam dos que não eram cristãos e dos grupos considerados heréticos, a relação do autor com o estoicismo e o platonismo, a intenção do autor na elaboração do discurso e, por último, a identidade cristã por ele proposta a vista disto tudo.

O presente trabalho procura analisar a relação entre judeus e cristãos no segundo século a partir dos elementos apresentados por S. Justino no Diálogo com Trifão. Para tanto, julgamos necessário contextualizar a obra no conjunto de transformações ocorridas no interior do Império Romano e na atuação do Estado frente às duas religiões. Desta forma, as Guerras Judaicas na Palestina e as perseguições aos cristãos repercutiram na relação entre judeus e cristãos. Além disso, pensamos que o judeucristianismo e algumas características do cristianismo na cidade de Roma nos ajudam a compreender melhor as intenções de Justino com sua obra. Discutiremos as principais teorias a respeito dos destinatários do Diálogo. Acreditamos ser possível investigar pontos de encontro e de aproximação entre judeus e cristãos, a partir daquilo que Justino demonstra conhecer sobre o judaísmo de seu tempo. No entanto, também é possível perceber no texto as tensões e rivalidades entre os dois grupos de crentes gestadas em um ambiente polêmico. Ambos os casos requerem uma análise mais crítica das palavras do apologista. / The aim of this essay is to analyze the relationship between Jews and Christians in the second century from the evidence presented by S. Justin in the Dialogue with Trypho. For this, we deem necessary to contextualize the work in the set of changes within the Roman Empire and the state action against the two religions. Thus, the Jewish War in Palestine and the persecution of Christians affected the relationship between Jews and Christians. Furthermore, we believe that Judeo-Christianity and some features of Christianity in Rome help us better understand the intentions of Justin with his work. We will discuss the main theories about the recipients of the Dialogue. We believe it is possible to investigate points of contact and rapprochement between Jews and Christians from what Justin knows about the Judaism of his time. However, the text also reveals the tensions and rivalries between the two groups of believers, gestated in a controversial environment. Both cases require a more critical analysis of the apologist´s words.

No description available.