Thesis deals with Datalogger with Ethernet interface controlled by DISCOVERY Kit STM32F429. Datalogger is equipped with eight digital inputs and three analogue inputs. The measured data are saved on the SD card. The Ethernet interface module is designed using LAN8720A from Microchip.

This thesis deals with the operational business lending . There is an analysis of current capabilities in the lending operations of banks subjectively defined , and the selection of the best product in the specific context of a fictitious business in this thesis. Based on the results of the analysis and comparison is given a rank of banks and they provide products that are suitable for fictitious businesses.

The aim of this work is to describe the issue of land consolidation, the processing of materials to evaluate land consolidation and the creation of expense indicator cards. Budgets and resulting expense indicators will be processed for individual common facilities.

This work deals with design of temperature measurement on heat pump test-room. Discusses diferent various variants of thermometers and their placements in measurement circuit. It contains sample software for control and processing of measured data on the test-room, which is controlled by the computer and built-in data acquisition card.

This work deals with the OpenCL technology and its use for the task of object detection. The introduction is devoted to description of OpenCL fundamentals, as well as basic theory of object detection. Next chapter of the work is analysis, with design proposal which takes into consideration the possibilities of OpenCL. Further, there's description of implementation of detection application and experimental evaluation of detector's performance. The last chapter summarizes the achieved results.

This paper deals with possibilities and functions of modern graphic accelerators and with measuring performance under OpenGL interface. Widespread algorithms to render scene in real-time are used. It focuses on how to test every part of accelerator's graphic pipeline as well as measure performance in rendering of advanced effects and theoretical speed at general purpose calculations through graphic processor. This testing is realized by implementing multiple test series and their further evaluation. Final application enables setting of test parameters and outputs a score, by which is possible to judge accelerator's performance in comparison among themselves.

Purpose of this work is show possibility of using grapichs cart for imaging a video signal. This work is particularly focused on technology CUDA and OpenCL. The solution is first focused on graphics cart and show how has been changed components and how has been changed performaces of graphics cart. Then show CUDA and OpenCL technology itself, and show samples of codes with explain, what which code do. Output of this work is some programs, witch defined for both technology and for both procesors unit. Contribution of this work is show differents between procesors unit, witch can be used to right choose for design your own algorithm.

Barns förståelse för jordglob och karta har varit ett område som det forskats om i flera decennier. En stor del av forskningen berör barnens förmåga till abstrakt tänkande kring jordgloben som modell av jordklotet, samt vilken information barn kan utläsa av denna modell. Även hur barn tolkar andra typer av naturgeografiska kartor är ett centralt område inom denna forskning. Utgångspunkt tas vanligtvis antingen i Piagets stadieteori där barn utvecklas enligt stadier som är åldersbestämda, eller i Vygotskijs sociokulturella perspektiv, där fokus istället läggs på de sociala miljöer som barnet är en del av. Syftet med denna studie är att synliggöra vilken förmåga elever i årskurs 3 har för abstrakt tänkande när det gäller jordklotet. Vidare hur elever med hjälp av jordglob och världskarta förklarar geografiska begrepp samt hur elevernas geografiska kunskaper kan synliggöras vid samtal om jordklotet. Denna studie har genomförts genom kvalitativa intervjuer, där elva elever i årskurs 3 intervjuades. Intervjuerna ägde rum i ett grupprum där både jordglob och världskartan fanns representerad. Utgångspunkt för frågorna hämtades dels från det centrala innehållet i Lgr 11 och dels i frågor som forskare vid tidigare tillfällen frågat barn i motsvarande ålder som respondenterna i denna studie. Studiets resultat visar att det stora flertalet av de elever som intervjuades i denna studie visar element av abstrakt förståelse när det gäller jordklotet. Med hjälp av jordglob och karta kunde de förklara begrepp och även visa till geografiska och naturvetenskapliga kunskaper om jordklotet. En slutsats som kan dras av detta är att elever redan på lågstadiet kan ha grundläggande och i vissa fall även avancerad förståelse för jordklotet. Nyckelord: Jordglob, karta, jordklot, abstrakt, begrepp, geografi, sociokulturellt perspektiv, stadieteori. / Children’s understanding of globes and maps have been an area of research for decades. A large portion of this research looks at children’s ability to abstract thinking when it comes to the globe as a model of the Earth and what information children can read from this model. How children interpret other forms of maps is also a key area in this research. The starting point is usually either Piaget’s theory of stages of cognitive development, or Vygotsky's sociocultural theory where focus is put on the social environments the child is a part of. The purpose of this study is to highlight the ability students in the 3rd class has of abstract thinking when it comes to the Earth. Furthermore, how students, with the help of a globe and a world map, can explain geographical concepts and how their geographical knowledge can be highlighted through conversations about the Earth. This study has been conducted through qualitative interviews of eleven students in the 3rd class. The interviews were conducted in a small room where both a globe and a world map were present. The starting point for the questions were partly taken from the key content in “Lgr 11”, and partly from questions scientists have used in previous studies with children of corresponding age as the students in this study. The result of this study shows that a majority of the interviewed students have elements of abstract understanding when it comes to the Earth. With the help of a globe and map they could explain concepts and even prove knowledge in both geographical and natural science about the Earth. A conclusion that can be drawn about this is that students already in primary school can have basic, and in some cases advanced, understanding of the Earth. Keywords: Globe, map, Earth, abstract, concepts, geography, sociocultural theory, theory of stages.

<p>Predmet istraživanja prikazanih u okviru doktorske diseracije su samopobudne vibracije pri obradi glodanjem. Na osnovu detaljne analize zakonitosti nastanka samopobudnih vibracija uspostavljena je određena paralela između glodanja i mikrogkodanja, za slučajeve kada je dubina rezanja veća od radijusa rezne ivice alata. Za tako usvojene pretpostavke, razvijeni su modeli unapređene numeričke simulacije procesa glodanja i mikroglodanja. Razvijeni modeli su svestrano verifikovani, s jedne strane, u segmentima gde postoje podaci u literaturi; poređenjem sa rezultatima drugih autora, a sa druge strane poređenjem sa sopstvenim eksperimentalnim ispitivanjima. Za eksperimentalno definisanje granične dubine rezanja pri glodanju predložena je inovativna metoda tangenti, a pri mikroglodanju, imajući u vidu raspoloživu mernu opremu, metoda hrapavosti obrađene površine. Matematički modeli i eksperimentalne metode su verifikovani pri obradi tri karakteristične vrste materijala i na dva obradna sistema pri glodanju, odnosno jednom materijalu i jednom obradnom sistemu pri mikroglodanju. Rezultati istraživanja su prezentovani kroz dvanaest poglavlja čiji sadržaj se navodi u nastavku.</p><p>U prvom, uvodnom poglavlju, ukazano je na značaj istraživanja samopobudnih vibracija pri makro i mikroglodanju. Prikazana je i aktuelnost istraživanja analizom broja naučnih radova koji se bave problematikom samopobudnih vibracija u periodu od poslednjih dvadeset pet godina.<br />Kroz drugo poglavlje detaljno su prikazana dosadašnja istraživanja samopobudnih vibracija pri makroglodanju, dok su u trećem poglavlju prikazana istraživanja samopobudnih vibracija pri mikroglodanju. Izvršena je analiza uticajnih parametri na graničnu dubinu rezanja, koja predstavlja osnovni pokazatelj dinamičke stabilnosti kako makro, tako i mikroobradnih sistema.<br />Na osnovu saznanja prikazanih u okviru drugog i trećeg poglavlja u četvrtom poglavlju su definisani ciljevi i hipoteze istraživanja.<br />Matematičke metode za definisanje karte stabilnosti obradnog sistema, prikazane su u petom poglavlju. Prikazana su dva matematička modela za definisanje karte stabilnosti pri makroglodanju, model srednjeg ugla kontakta alata u zahvatu i model Furijeovih redova. Prezentovana je numerička simulacija procesa obrade glodanjem, namenjena prvenstveno za simulaciju sila rezanja. Polazeći od prethodno prikazane ideje u okviru ovog poglavlja je razvijena nova matematička metoda predikcije granične dubine rezanja - unapređena numerička simulacija procesa glodanja.<br />U okviru šestog poglavlja prikazane su eksperimentalne metode identifikacije vibracija mašina alatki, odnosno eksperimentalno određivanje modalnih parametara obradnih sistema kao i metode detekcije samopobudnih vibracija pri glodanju. U cilju definisanja granične dubine rezanja, prikazana je metoda frekventne analize vibracija pri glodanju, kao metoda koja se često koristi u savremenim eksperimentalnim istraživanjima. Međutim, i matematičke i eksperimentalne metode analize vibracija pri glodanju imaju određena ograničenja. Polazeći od prethodnog, razvijena je inovativna metoda tangenti, bazirana na ranije korišćenoj metodi u okviru Laboratorije za mašine alatke Instituta za proizvodno mašinstvo FTN u Novom Sadu, i primeni savremenih mernih sistema. Pored toga, u ovom poglavlju je eksperimentalno potvrđen uticaj samopobudnih vibracija na kvalitet obrađene površine i geometrijsku tačnost obratka.<br />Metodologija sprezanja matematički i eksperimentalno definisanih funkcija frekventnog odziva elemenata mašine alatke prikazana je u sedmom poglavlju. Prezentovane su jednačine sprezanja pomerajnih odziva matematmički definisanih funkcija frekventnog odziva alata i držača alata, bazirane na Ojlerovoj teoriji grede, sa eksperimentalno definisanom funkcijom frekventnog odziva sklopa glavnog vretena mašine alatke.<br />U okviru osmog poglavlja razvijen je matematički model sila rezanja pri mikroglodanju. Predloženi model sila rezanja, koji uzima u obzir silu trenja između leđne površine alata i obrađene površine, implementiran je u unapređenu numeričku simulaciju glodanja čime je omogućena njena primena za definisanje graničnih dubina rezanja pri mikroglodanju.</p><p>Verifikacija razvijenih numeričkih i eksperimentalnih metoda za ispitivanje vibracija pri makroglodanju je prikazana u devetom poglavlju. Sproveden je niz eksperimentalnih ispitivanja, pri kojima su određivane granične dubine glodanja pri obradi tri različita materijala obratka (Al7075, 42CrMo4 i Ti-6Al-4V) na dva obradna sistema. Na osnovu ovih ispitivanjima izvršena je verifikacija unapređene numeričke simulacije glodanja i inovativne metode tangenti.<br />U desetom poglavlju prikazana je verifikacija metoda analize samopobudnih vibracija pri mikroglodanju. Primenom metodologije sprezanja pomerajnih odziva, definisani su modalni parametri obradnog sistema za mikroobradu, potrebni za definisanje graničnih dubina rezanja, tj. karte stabilnosti, unapređenom numeričkom simulacijom mikroglodanja. Karta stabilnosti definisana razvijenom unapređenom numeričkom simulacijom, verifikovana je eksperimentalno i poređenjem sa literaturnim izvorima.<br />U jedanaestom poglavlju data su zaključna razmatranja, kritički osvrt na ostvarene rezultate, i pravci budućih istraživanja.<br />Dvanaesto poglavlje prikazuje pregled korišćene literature, koju čini 218 referenci većim delom citirane u samom radu, a u zasebnom poglavlju dati su prilozi.</p> / <p>The subject of research presented in the doctoral dissertation are self-excited vibrations in milling. Based on a detailed analysis of the self-excited vibrations occurrence, a certain parallel has been established between macro and micromilling, for cases when the depth of cut is greater than the cutting edge radius of the tool. For such adopted assumptions, models of advanced numerical simulation of macro and micromilling processes were developed. The developed models were comprehensively verified, on the one hand, by comparison with the results of other authors, and on the other hand by comparison with own experimental results. An innovative tangent method has been proposed for the experimental definition of the cutting depth limit in milling, and the method of machined surface roughness has been proposed for micromilling, having in mind the available measuring equipment. Mathematical models and experimental methods were verified by machining three characteristic types of materials on two machining systems in macromilling, and one material on one machining system in micromilling. The results of the research are presented through twelve chapters, the content of which is listed below.</p><p>In the first, introductory chapter, the importance of the research of self - excited vibrations in macro and micromilling is pointed out. The topicality of the research is also presented by analyzing the number of scientific papers dealing with the issue of self - excited vibrations in the period of the last twenty - five years.<br />The second chapter presents in detail the previous research on self-excited vibrations during macromilling, while the third chapter presents research on self-excited vibrations during micromilling. An analysis of the influential parameters on the cutting depth limit was performed, which is a basic indicator of the dynamic stability of both macro and micromachining systems.<br />Based on the findings presented in the second and third chapters, the fourth chapter defines the goals and hypotheses of the research.<br />Mathematical methods for defining the stability lobe diagram of the machining system are presented in the fifth chapter. Two mathematical models for defining the stability lobe diagram for macromachining are presented, the model of the tool&rsquo;s mean contact angle and the model of Fourier series. Numerical simulation of the milling process is presented, intended primarily for the simulation of cutting forces. Starting from the previously presented idea, a new mathematical method for predicting the cutting depth limit has been developed within this chapter - an improved numerical simulation of the milling process.<br />In the sixth chapter, experimental methods of machine tools vibration identification are presented, ie experimental determination of machining systems modal parameters as well as methods of self - excited vibrations detection during milling. In order to define the cutting depth limit, the method of vibrations frequency analysis during milling is presented, as a method that is often used in modern experimental research. However, both mathematical and experimental methods of milling vibration analysis have certain limitations. Starting from the previous one, an innovative tangent method was developed, based on the previously developed method, used within the Laboratory for Machine Tools, Institute of Production Engineering Facultz of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad, and the application of modern measuring systems. In addition, in this chapter, the influence of self - excited vibrations on the machined surface quality and the geometric accuracy of the workpiece is experimentally confirmed.<br />The methodology of machine tool elements mathematically and experimentally defined frequency response functions coupling is presented in the seventh chapter. The displacement responses coupling equations of mathematically defined tools and tool holders FRF&#39;s (based on Euler &#39;s beam theory) with the experimentally defined FRF of the machine tool main spindle assembly are presented.<br />Within the eighth chapter, a mathematical model of cutting forces in micromilling was developed. The proposed cutting forces model, which takes into account the friction force between the reliefe tool surface and the machined surface, is implemented in an advanced numerical micromilling simulation, which enables its application to define cutting depth limit in micromilling.</p><p>Verification of the developed numerical and experimental methods for vibrations analysis during macromachining is presented in the ninth chapter. A series of experimental tests were performed, during which the cutting depth limits were determined during the milling of three different workpiece materials (Al7075, 42CrMo4 and Ti-6Al-4V) on two machining systems.<br />In the tenth chapter, the verification of the methods of analysis of self-excited vibrations during micromilling is presented. Using the methodology of coupling displacement responses, the modal parameters of the machining system for micromachining are defined, needed to define the cutting depth limits, ie. stability lobe diagram, by advanced numerical micromilling simulation The stability lobe diagram, defined by the developed advanced numerical simulation, was verified experimentally and by comparison with literature sources.<br />The eleventh chapter provides concluding remarks, a critical review of the achieved results, and directions for future research.<br />The twelfth chapter presents an overview of the used literature, which consists of 218 references, mostly cited in the paper itself.</p>

Denna rapport presenterar en studie som gjorts i samarbete med Södra Skogsägarna. Syftet med studien var att skapa en förståelse för vilka pragmatiska och hedoniska aspekter som påverkar hur skogsägare känner närhet till sin skog och hur dessa aspekter skulle kunna implementeras/realiseras vid utvecklandet av en digital karta över skogen. Genom en kvalitativ studie utifrån en fenomenologisk metodansats kunde en holistisk bild skapas över skogsägare och hur de upplevde känsla av närhet till sin skog. Datainsamlingen bestod av både enkät, intervjuer och fältobservationer som sedan analyserades genom bottom-up och top-down tekniken med hjälp av affinitetsdiagram. Resultatet visar exempelvis att en känsla av närhet är starkt förknippad med att känna ansvar och att kunna påverka kartan utifrån varje enskild skogsägares behov. Studien visar även att en känsla av närhet är nära sammankopplat med egennamn och generation då egennamnen ofta härstammar från tidigare generationer. Skogen används också till rekreation eftersom skogsägare och andra människor mår bra av att vistas i skog och natur. Välmående bidrar då till en ökad känsla av närhet till skogen. Resultatet av studien kommer ligga till grund för kommande utvecklingsprojekt hos Södra Skogsägarna där den digitala kartan i Södras app kommer att ses över. Studien presenterar även UX-mål som bör beaktas vid skapandet av en digital karta för att frambringa känsla av närhet till skogen hos skogsägare. Slutsatsen av studien visar att det är både de pragmatiska och hedoniska aspekterna som tillsammans skapar en helhetsupplevelse av skogen för skogsägare. Denna studie bidrar även med en djupare förståelse och utveckling av begreppet känsla av närhet, för vad och hur skogsägare upplever känsla av närhet till sin skog. Med tanke på dagens snabba teknikutveckling borde framtida forskning fokusera på i vilken utsträckning visualiseringar av skogen kan bidra till ökad känsla av närhet till skogen för skogsägare och om det hos skogsägare finns skillnader mellan genus i hur känsla av närhet till skogen skapas. / This report presents a study done in collaboration with Södra Skogsägarna. The aim of the study was to create an understanding of the pragmatic and hedonic aspects that affect how forest owners feel proximity to their forest and how these aspects could be implemented / realized when developing a digital map of the forest. Through a qualitative study based on a phenomenological method approach, a holistic picture could be created of forest owners and how they experienced sense of place to their forest. The data collection consisted of survey, interviews and field observations, which then were analyzed by bottom-up and top-down technology using affinity diagrams. The result shows, for example, that a sense of place is strongly associated with feeling responsibility and being able to influence the map based on the needs of each individual forest owner. The study also shows that a sense of place is closely associated with proper names and generation, since the proper names often originate from previous generations. The forest is also used for recreation because forest owners and other people feel good about staying in the forest and nature. Well-being then contributes to an increased sense of place to the forest. The results of the study will form the basis for future development projects at Södra Skogsägarna, where the digital map in Södra's app will be reviewed. The study also presents UX goals that should be taken into account when creating a digital map to create a sense of place to the forest among forest owners. The conclusion of the study shows that it is both the pragmatic and hedonic aspects that together create a holistic experience of the forest for forest owners. This study also contributes to a deeper understanding and development of the concept of sense of place, for what and how forest owners experience a sense of place to their forest. Given today's rapid technological development, future research should focus on the extent to which visualizations of the forest can contribute to increased sense of place to the forest for forest owners and whether there are differences between genders in how forest owners create a sense of place to the forest.