Habilitacijos procedūrai teikiamų mokslo darbų apžvalgoje nagrinėjami svarbiausi Zenonos Onos Atkočiūnienės atliktų 1999 – 2009 metais atliktų mokslinių tyrimų rezultatai. Globaliai procesai, žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos iššūkiai skatina vadybinių paradigmų transformacijas. Formuojasi nauja vadybinė įvestis - žinių vadyba, kurios esmė – ne materialių objektų, o neapčiuopiamų (neišreikštų) išteklių naudojimas, palaikymas, valdymas ir tobulinimas, intelektinio kapitalo kūrimas ir gausinimas, siekiant konkurencinio pranašumo. Tiriant valdymo modelių transformacijas, kurias lėmė žinių visuomenės, žinių ekonomikos iššūkiai, galima identifikuoti verslo pranašumus ir trūkumus, nustatyti organizacijų kritinio strateginio pranašumo kūrimo sritis. Informacijos ir žinių vadybos integralumas argumentuojamas tiek jų kaip vadybos funkcijų, tiek kaip socialinių reiškinių esmę ir savitumus nusakančių objektų – informacijos, žinių tarpusavio sąsajų. Tyrimų tikslas – ištirti , įvertinti ir apibendrinti teorines informacijos ir žinių vadybos žiūras ir atsižvelgiant į aplinkos kaitą bei tarpkultūrinius organizacijų skirtumus atskleisti jų praktinio taikymo organizacijose turinį ir kryptis. Tyrimų uždaviniai: • Apibrėžti informacinės vadybinės veiklos pokyčius, nulemtus žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos raiškos. • Ištirti informacinėje veikloje taikomas rinkodaros strategijas ir pagrįsti rinkos informacinių poreikių tyrimo metodologiją. • Išanalizuoti informacijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The review of the scientific works submitted for habilitation analyzes the most important results of the scientific research conducted by Zenona Ona Atkočiūnienė in 1999 – 2009. Processes taking place on a global scale, knowledge-based economic challenges encourage transformations of management paradigms. A new management input – knowledge management – undergoes formation. The essence of such management is the use, maintenance, administration and improvement of intangible resources, formation and enlargement of intellectual capital, seeking to gain competitive advantage. When investigating transformations of management models, conditioned by challenges of knowledge society and knowledge economy, business advantages and shortcomings may be identified and the fields of development of organizations’ critical strategic advantage may be set out. The integrity of information and knowledge management is reasoned by interlink between the objects (information and knowledge) denoting the essence and specific features of information and knowledge as management functions as well as social phenomena. The purpose of research: to investigate, evaluate and summarize theoretical aspects of information and knowledge management, and, taking into consideration environmental changes and intercultural differences of organizations, to disclose the content and trends of their practical application in organizations. The tasks of research: • To define changes of information management activities... [to full text]

Traditional workflow systems have several drawbacks, e.g. in their inabilities to rapidly react to changes, to construct workflow automatically (or with user involvement) and to improve performance autonomously (or with user involvement) in an incremental manner according to specified goals. Overcoming these limitations would be highly beneficial for complex domains where such adversities are exhibited. Video processing is one such domain that increasingly requires attention as larger amounts of images and videos are becoming available to persons who are not technically adept in modelling the processes that are involved in constructing complex video processing workflows. Conventional video and image processing systems, on the other hand, are developed by programmers possessing image processing expertise. These systems are tailored to produce highly specialised hand-crafted solutions for very specific tasks, making them rigid and non-modular. The knowledge-based vision community have attempted to produce more modular solutions by incorporating ontologies. However, they have not been maximally utilised to encompass aspects such as application context descriptions (e.g. lighting and clearness effects) and qualitative measures. This thesis aims to tackle some of the research gaps yet to be addressed by the workflow and knowledge-based image processing communities by proposing a novel workflow composition and execution approach within an integrated framework. This framework distinguishes three levels of abstraction via the design, workflow and processing layers. The core technologies that drive the workflow composition mechanism are ontologies and planning. Video processing problems provide a fitting domain for investigating the effectiveness of this integratedmethod as tackling such problems have not been fully explored by the workflow, planning and ontological communities despite their combined beneficial traits to confront this known hard problem. In addition, the pervasiveness of video data has proliferated the need for more automated assistance for image processing-naive users, but no adequate support has been provided as of yet. A video and image processing ontology that comprises three sub-ontologies was constructed to capture the goals, video descriptions and capabilities (video and image processing tools). The sub-ontologies are used for representation and inference. In particular, they are used in conjunction with an enhanced Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) domain independent planner to help with performance-based selection of solution steps based on preconditions, effects and postconditions. The planner, in turn, makes use of process models contained in a process library when deliberating on the steps and then consults the capability ontology to retrieve a suitable tool at each step. Two key features of the planner are the ability to support workflow execution (interleaves planning with execution) and can perform in automatic or semi-automatic (interactive) mode. The first feature is highly desirable for video processing problems because execution of image processing steps yield visual results that are intuitive and verifiable by the human user, as automatic validation is non trivial. In the semiautomaticmode, the planner is interactive and prompts the user tomake a tool selection when there is more than one tool available to perform a task. The user makes the tool selection based on the recommended descriptions provided by the workflow system. Once planning is complete, the result of applying the tool of their choice is presented to the user textually and visually for verification. This plays a pivotal role in providing the user with control and the ability to make informed decisions. Hence, the planner extends the capabilities of typical planners by guiding the user to construct more optimal solutions. Video processing problems can also be solved in more modular, reusable and adaptable ways as compared to conventional image processing systems. The integrated approach was evaluated on a test set consisting of videos originating from open sea environment of varying quality. Experiments to evaluate the efficiency, adaptability to user’s changing needs and user learnability of this approach were conducted on users who did not possess image processing expertise. The findings indicate that using this integrated workflow composition and execution method: 1) provides a speed up of over 90% in execution time for video classification tasks using full automatic processing compared to manual methods without loss of accuracy; 2) is more flexible and adaptable in response to changes in user requests (be it in the task, constraints to the task or descriptions of the video) than modifying existing image processing programs when the domain descriptions are altered; 3) assists the user in selecting optimal solutions by providing recommended descriptions.

本研究探討資訊科技如何幫助傳統型企業改變以往依賴人力且繁瑣的作業流程，並將這些作業流程中所使用的專業知識儲存在企業中，成為真正的知識型企業。知識型企業的定義在本研究中是指『能夠將知識工作者的知識儲存在公司資產中的企業，並且可以利用資訊系統做處理、分析、使用這些知識，而非依賴人力』。 本研究從台灣傳統企業中選出匯豐汽車、西基電腦動畫、雄獅旅遊三家企業作為研究的對象，針對三個研究問題作分析： 研究問題一：資訊科技如何蒐集、分析與處理企業所需要的專業知識？ 研究問題二：資訊科技如何幫助知識型企業達成『Knowledge On Demand』的目標？ 研究問題三：透過資訊科技的運用，知識型企業在第一線人員的人事成本上是否具有競爭力？ 研究發現，針對研究問題一，資訊科技在蒐集、分析與處理企業所需要的專業知識的方式，匯豐汽車跟雄獅旅遊是在日常作業流程中自動化的做蒐集、分析與處理，而西基動畫則是依照承接的案子不同，重新輸入資料後，再由系統做自動化的分析與處理；研究問題二，發現當這些企業中的人員對日常作業流程中所需要的知識有所需求的時候，可以從系統上得到即時的回應，資訊科技可以達到『Knowledge On Demand』的目標；企業日常作業流程的知識既然是存在於系統中，代表在日常流程的人員使用方面，可以不需要仰賴資深的員工，或是所謂的知識工作者，也可以達成一樣的服務水準，使得企業在第一線的人事成本上，相較於其他公司是具有競爭力的。 最後，從這些企業中找出知識型企業所具備的兩大特徵，作為以後研究知識型企業領域的參考： 1.企業需要的資訊由資訊系統作『自動化』的蒐集、處理及分析。 2.知識型企業具有『Knowledge On Demand』的特性。

This research sought to establish the nexus between the two management disciplines of strategic management and knowledge management. Through a study of the life cycle of knowledge assets within the Australian Public Sector, this nexus has been established. Over the last three decades, there has been a growing interest in the nascent discipline of knowledge management (Wiig 1997). However, discussion regarding knowledge, knowledge workers and knowledge management started much earlier when Chester Barnard’s management classic The Functions of the Executive (1938) included suggestions made on how to manage knowledge workers. The 1960s saw management authors and researchers such as Peter Drucker (1993; 1994; 1995; 1997a; 1997b), Machlup (1962), and Michael Polanyi (1967) discussing topics such as knowledge work, knowledge workers, and tacit and explicit knowledge. During much the same period, strategic management was also being researched and discussed, with Alfred D. Chandler being among the first scholars to study strategic management. His book Strategy and Structure (1962) described the development of organisations, and showed that the practice of strategic management predated its study as a management discipline. Chandler was followed by other researchers including Igor Ansoff (1965) and Learned, Christensen, Andrews and Guth (1965), Henry Mintzberg (1979; 1985; 1990; 1996a; 1996b; 1999), and Michael E. Porter (1980; 1985). Research continues in both disciplines; however, research on the interface between these two important disciplines is rare, particularly in Australia.The Australian Public Sector was selected as the target industry for this research, and case study as the research strategy. The research strategy combined a variety of methods including interviews, questionnaires and surveys. The approach taken with data analysis was to employ aspects of the approach used in grounded theory. In addition, action research was used as a meta-methodology, in that periods of review and reflection were undertaken that generated improvements to the research methodology. This research has found that there is a marked interdependence between strategic management and the management of knowledge assets. The strategic management process requires skills and capabilities (knowledge assets) for its execution. Moreover, the resultant strategies require the exploitation of knowledge assets to ensure effective implementation. The life cycle of knowledge assets starts and ends when their need or otherwise is identified directly or indirectly by strategic plans. Knowledge assets are acquired, deployed, utilised and maintained until they are no longer needed. They are then disposed of by outsourcing or atrophy when people are redeployed or retrained. This research has focused on the disciplines of strategic management and knowledge management; however, its contribution lies largely in the area of capability management. Corporate strategy theorists, from the RBV (Resource Based View) and KBV (Knowledge Based View) schools, see organisations as a body of knowledge (Spender 1996). From the perspective of knowledge assets, used as the theme of this research, an organisation is a body of capabilities, and to achieve corporate objectives, the capabilities must match the strategies.

This research sought to establish the nexus between the two management disciplines of strategic management and knowledge management. Through a study of the life cycle of knowledge assets within the Australian Public Sector, this nexus has been established. Over the last three decades, there has been a growing interest in the nascent discipline of knowledge management (Wiig 1997). However, discussion regarding knowledge, knowledge workers and knowledge management started much earlier when Chester Barnard’s management classic The Functions of the Executive (1938) included suggestions made on how to manage knowledge workers. The 1960s saw management authors and researchers such as Peter Drucker (1993; 1994; 1995; 1997a; 1997b), Machlup (1962), and Michael Polanyi (1967) discussing topics such as knowledge work, knowledge workers, and tacit and explicit knowledge. During much the same period, strategic management was also being researched and discussed, with Alfred D. Chandler being among the first scholars to study strategic management. His book Strategy and Structure (1962) described the development of organisations, and showed that the practice of strategic management predated its study as a management discipline. Chandler was followed by other researchers including Igor Ansoff (1965) and Learned, Christensen, Andrews and Guth (1965), Henry Mintzberg (1979; 1985; 1990; 1996a; 1996b; 1999), and Michael E. Porter (1980; 1985). Research continues in both disciplines; however, research on the interface between these two important disciplines is rare, particularly in Australia.The Australian Public Sector was selected as the target industry for this research, and case study as the research strategy. The research strategy combined a variety of methods including interviews, questionnaires and surveys. The approach taken with data analysis was to employ aspects of the approach used in grounded theory. In addition, action research was used as a meta-methodology, in that periods of review and reflection were undertaken that generated improvements to the research methodology. This research has found that there is a marked interdependence between strategic management and the management of knowledge assets. The strategic management process requires skills and capabilities (knowledge assets) for its execution. Moreover, the resultant strategies require the exploitation of knowledge assets to ensure effective implementation. The life cycle of knowledge assets starts and ends when their need or otherwise is identified directly or indirectly by strategic plans. Knowledge assets are acquired, deployed, utilised and maintained until they are no longer needed. They are then disposed of by outsourcing or atrophy when people are redeployed or retrained. This research has focused on the disciplines of strategic management and knowledge management; however, its contribution lies largely in the area of capability management. Corporate strategy theorists, from the RBV (Resource Based View) and KBV (Knowledge Based View) schools, see organisations as a body of knowledge (Spender 1996). From the perspective of knowledge assets, used as the theme of this research, an organisation is a body of capabilities, and to achieve corporate objectives, the capabilities must match the strategies.

Στην παρούσα μελέτη αξιολογήθηκε η προσπάθεια των αναπτυσσόμενων χωρών του συνόλου BRIC, στην πορεία μετάβασής τους προς τις «Οικονομίες της Γνώσης». Πρόκειται για τέσσερις από τις μεγαλύτερες οικονομίες του πλανήτη, που στο μέλλον αναμένεται να διαδραματίσουν κρίσιμο ρόλο στις παγκόσμια οικονομική σκηνή. Οι αγορές όλων τους είναι υπερμεγέθεις, με την μεγαλύτερη από αυτές την Κίνα, να απαριθμεί 1,3 δισεκατομμύρια ανθρώπους και να έχει γεωγραφικά διαμερίσματα με πληθυσμό μεγαλύτερο ακόμα και από τις μεγαλύτερες ευρωπαϊκές χώρες. Η αξιολόγηση των χωρών έγινε στην βάση των τεσσάρων πυλώνων των «Οικονομιών της Γνώσης»: i) Πληθυσμός με υψηλό μορφωτικό επίπεδο και ικανότητες, που θα αξιοποιήσει παραγωγικά και θα εξελίξει τη Γνώση, ii) αποτελεσματικό σύστημα καινοτομιών, που θα αποτελέσει την υποδομή για τον σχηματισμό ενός δικτύου φορέων Ε&Α, iii) υποδομή δυναμικής πληροφόρησης, που θα διευκολύνει αποτελεσματικά την ενημέρωση και διάδοση της Γνώσης και iv) οικονομικό και οργανωσιακό καθεστώς, που θα παρέχει τα απαραίτητα κίνητρα για τη δημιουργία, ανάπτυξη και αποτελεσματική χρήση της Γνώσης. Μέσα από την μεταξύ τους σύγκριση συναντήσαμε σημαντικές διαφορές σε πολλά από τα στοιχεία που απαρτίζουν τον κάθε πυλώνα. Κάθε μία, όμως, από τις χώρες BRIC κατόρθωσε να παρουσιάσει σημεία σημαντικής προόδου. Αποδείχτηκε, πως μολονότι αξιοποιούνται διαφορετικά μέσα και δοκιμάζονται εναλλακτικές προσεγγίσεις, ο δρόμος για την ανάπτυξη των αναδυόμενων οικονομιών BRIC είναι κοινός. Αυτός της Οικονομίας της Γνώσης. Ολοκληρώνοντας την ανάλυση, διαπιστώνεται ότι πολλά από τα συμπεράσματα της μελέτης θα μπορούσαν να έχουν γενικότερη εφαρμογή, πλαισιώνοντας έναν μεγαλύτερο αριθμό αναπτυσσόμενων ή ακόμα και ανεπτυγμένων χωρών. Με την κατάλληλη προσαρμογή στις κοινωνικές, θεσμικές και οικονομικές συνθήκες της κάθε χώρας, τα συμπεράσματα αυτά θα μπορούσαν να αποτελέσουν τον δεκάλογο της επιτυχούς μετάβασης μιας χώρας σε μία Οικονομία που βασίζεται στη Γνώση / This study evaluated the efforts of the "BRIC" developing economies, in their transition towards a "knowledge-based economy". The evaluation was based on the four pillars of the "knowledge-based economy»: i) Population with higher education and skills for the creation and development of knowledge, ii) an effective innovation system and an efficient R&D network, iii) a dynamic information infrastructure that will facilitate information and knowledge dissemination effectively and iv) an economic and organizational regime, which will provide the necessary incentives for the creation, development and effective use of knowledge. Through the comparison between them, significant differences emerge in many of the elements that comprise each pillar. However, each one of the BRIC countries has shown signs of significant progress. Despite all differences in their approaches, we have seen that the road to development runs through a knowledge-based economy. Many of the conclusions of this study could have broader applications to a larger number of developing or even developed countries. With the proper adaptation to social, institutional and economic conditions of each country, these findings could form the decalogue of a country's successful transition to knowledge-based economy.

An increasing number of countries develop bio-economy strategies to promote a stronger reliance on the efficient use of renewable biological resources in order to meet multiple sustainability challenges. At the global scale, however, bio-economies are diverse, with sectors such as agriculture, forestry, energy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, as well as science and education. In this study, we developed a typology of bio-economies based on country-specific characteristics, and describe five different bio-economy types with varying degrees of importance in the primary and the high-tech sector. We also matched the bio-economy types against the foci of their bio-economy strategies and evaluated their sustainability performance. Overall, high-tech bio-economies seem to be more diversified in terms of their policy strategies while the policies of those relying on the primary sector are focused on bioenergy and high-tech industries. In terms of sustainability performance, indicators suggest that diversified high-tech economies have experienced a slight sustainability improvement, especially in terms of resource consumption. Footprints remain, however, at the highest levels compared to all other bio-economy types with large amounts of resources and raw materials being imported from other countries. These results highlight the necessity of developed high-tech bio-economies to further decrease their environmental footprint domestically and internationally, and the importance of biotechnology innovation transfer after critical and comprehensive sustainability assessments.

The main aim of the research work presented in this thesis, is the development of a novel framework with the capability of assessing the impact of implementing lean manufacturing within small-to-medium sized manufacturing firms (SMEs). By assessing the impact of lean implementation, SMEs can make informed decisions on the viability of lean adoption at the conceptual implementation stage. Companies are also able determine their status in terms of lean manufacturing affordability. Thus, in order to achieve the above-stated aim, the following were the main set research objectives; (1) identifying the key drivers for implementing lean manufacturing within SMEs, (2) investigating the operational activities of SMEs in order to understand their manufacturing issues, (3) exploring the current level of lean manufacturing usage within SMEs so as to categorise users based on their levels of involvement, (4) identifying factors that determine the assessment of lean manufacturing, (5) developing an impact assessment framework for justifying lean manufacturing within SMEs, (6) developing a knowledge based advisory system and (7) validating the impact assessment framework and the developed knowledge based advisory system through real-life case studies, workshops, and expert opinions. A combination of research methodology approaches have been employed in this research study. This comprises literature review, observation of companies' practices and personal interview. The data collection process involved ten SMEs that provided consistent information throughout the research project life. Additionally, visitations to three large size manufacturing firms were also conducted. Hence, the framework and system development process passed through several stages. Firstly, the data were collected from companies who had successfully implemented lean manufacturing within their premise. The second development stage included the analysis and validation of the dataset through company practitioners. An impact assessment framework was thus developed with the aid of regression analysis as a predictive model. However, it was realised that there were few correlations between the dataset generated and analysis. The reasons for this were unclear. ,a knowledge based advisory system was adopted to conceptualise, enhance the robustness of the impact assessment framework and address the problem of the imprecise data in the impact assessment process. Three major factors of impact assessment were considered in the framework and the system development process, namely relative cost of lean implementation, a company lean readiness status and the level of value-added to be achieved (impact/benefits). Three knowledge based advisory sub-systems that consisted of the abovementioned factors were built. Results obtained from them were then fed into the final system. The three sub-systems were validated with the original set of data from companies. This enabled the assignment of a number of input variables whose membership functions aided the definition of the fuzzy expert system language (linguistic variables) used. The final system yielded heuristic rules that enable the postulation of scenarios of lean implementation. Results were sought and tested on a number of firms based within the UK, for the purposes validation. These also included expert opinions both in academic and industrial settings. A major contribution of the developed system is its ability to aid decision-making processes for lean implementation at the early implementation stage. The visualisation facility of the developed system is also useful in enabling potential lean users to make forecasts on the relative cost of lean projects upfront, anticipate lean benefits, and realise one' degree of lean readiness.

Orientadores: Jurandir Fernando Ribeiro Fernandes e Pedro Franklin Barbosa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:03:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_MiguelAntonioBuenoda_D.pdf: 867940 bytes, checksum: 9eb7e20ba75a4c1eb92eca6c7d29ff95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Esse trabalho apresenta uma abordagem sobre técnicas e ferramentas computacionais, utilizadas no desenvolvimento de modelos de simulação e, também, uma metodologia de suporte ao desenvolvimento de projetos. Um modelo de simulação de sistemas de produção de bovinos de corte foi desenvolvido utilizando conceitos de simulação de sistemas e de sistemas baseados em conhecimento com o suporte da metodologia SimuCAD: simulação e computação gráfica aplicadas ao estudo de sistemas produtivos, adaptada para atuar em sistemas de produção agropecuária. Este modelo representa um sistema de produção extensiva de bovinos de corte, genérico o suficiente para ser aplicado em qualquer rebanho. O modelo de simulação emula as políticas de manejo do pecuarista. O sistema computacional desenvolvido é amigável o suficiente para ser utilizado por pessoas leigas em informática. Os resultados extraídos desse simulador se aproximam muito dos dados associados ao sistema real de produção. O modelo foi testado e validado utilizando dados reais de uma fazenda produtora de gado de corte / Abstract: This work presents a developing approach of simulation models, including the necessary computing tools and techniques, and, also, a supporting methodology for project design and implementation. A beef cattle simulation model was developed by using the SimuCAD methodology (graphic computing and simulation applied to the study of productive systems). This methodology, based on system simulation concepts and knowledge-based systems, was adapted to perform in the cattle breeding business. The developed model represents an extensive beef cattle production system that is generic enough to be applied in any kind of cattle breeding. It simulates the managing politics of the cattle breeders and has the advantage of being friendly enough to be used by anyone, even by non-simulatingskilled persons. The model was tested and validated by using the actual data of a beef cattle production farm / Doutorado / Automação / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

ERP software and applications have become basic requirement of almost every organization in order to compete with each other and in time constraint. In order to develop an efficient application, project planning and analysis play very important role in better understanding of the problem domain and to provide a risk free solution. There are many different approaches which software developers used to develop the systems. These traditional approaches have some drawbacks and constraints. Either these are ad-hoc basis or have some fixed patterns and rules. We discussed all these techniques and suggest that planning and analysis of ERP application during its development can be done by applying more appropriate knowledge engineering commonKADS model. CommonKADS is a structured approach, It comprises of different model suites. Thesis presents that by using commonKADS model for project planning and analysis, real problem domain and efficient solution can be identified. Also domain process is identified. Tasks related to each process in the domain are identified. Knowledge assets related to each task are identified. These features help in defining real knowledge specification. In this way, ERP applications can be made knowledge based. ERP systems were introduced to solve different organizational problems and provide integrated structure. Although ERP packages offer advantages to enterprises, they have not achieved many of their anticipated benefits. Autonomous and heterogeneous applications co-exist in companies with ERP systems and integration problem having not been addressed. This thesis seeks to make some suggestions to this area by studying and analyzing ERP problems, through mapping commonKADS methodology in a case study. Thesis in start, presents an overview about ERP applications, Knowledge Engineering and commonKADS methodology. In the end, thesis presents our contribution a case study ―online courses Registration Portal for BTH which shows that planning and analysis of ERP applications by using commonKADS methodology helps in reaching knowledge based and more accurate solutions. / Syed Abdul Basit basitbth@gmail.com, Omar Malik omar_m20@hotmail.com.