Th.--Méd.--Montpellier, 1907-1908. / Montpellier, 1907-1908, n ° 2.

Memoria para optar al título de Arqueólogo

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Historia / La presente investigación se orienta sobre el principio que reconoce a la memoria como fundamento de identidad. Dentro de este contexto, mi interés va dirigido hacia las ceremonias rituales que actualmente se practican al interior del área andina meridional, advirtiendo en ellas la presencia de una estructura compleja de símbolos mediante la cuál los miembros de cada comunidad comunican sus principios y valores fundamentales. El ritual, entonces, es comprendido como una instancia en la cuál se renueva y legitima la memoria activa del conjunto social, dónde los miembros de una colectividad se encuentran y reconocen como herederos de una tradición que garantiza la conservación de la cultura de la que forman parte y, en este sentido, el ritual nos revela los fundamentos identitarios sobre los que se construye la realidad comunitaria.

Syftet med detta examensarbete var att göra en jämförelse mellan uppmätt A-temp och framräknad A-temp. A-temp är ett area begrepp som används när man räknar ut byggnadens energianvändning i kWh per m2 och år, vid upprättande av energideklarationer.   För att få fram A-temp kan man mäta upp den men det är också tillåtet att räkna fram den från existerande area enheter. Vilket är lättare och går snabbare men kan ge något fel area värde.   Det jag fann i undersökningarna var att för de undersöknings objekt jag haft så är det oftast inte så stor skillnad mellan uppmätt och framräknad A-temp. Störst skillnad blev det i de fall där A-temp räknades fram från BOA och LOA, där den i ett par av fallen uppgick till nästan 15%.   För att göra undersökningarna har jag själv, mätt upp A-temp på ritningar samtidigt som jag räknat fram A-temp från existerande area mått som BOA+LOA, BRA eller BTA, därefter har jag jämfört värdena. / The main purpose of this paper was to compare the measured A-temp with the calculated A-temp. A–temp is an area term used in Sweden when calculating the buildings energy usage while performing energy assessments.To obtain A-temp you can measure it, this way you will get the exact value. Or you can calculate it, from other already existing area measurements. It is easier and more time efficient to calculate A-temp but it may deviate from the real A-temp.What I found in my study was that for most of the buildings I had chosen, there was not a very big deviation, between measured and calculated A-temp. The largest difference was when calculating A-temp from BOA+LOA when in two of the cases there were differences of 15 %.When doing this study, I have measured A-temp for the buildings, on blueprints. I have calculated A-temp from already measured area and compared them to each other.

Thesis (MS)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2010. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Joseph A. Shaw. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-77).

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Mestrado Profissional em Administração, 2015. / Submitted by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-05-09T14:30:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_MaximillianMoraesCid.pdf: 558259 bytes, checksum: 381b762c3c6afc839262b28cf36a27d1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2016-05-26T16:50:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_MaximillianMoraesCid.pdf: 558259 bytes, checksum: 381b762c3c6afc839262b28cf36a27d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-26T16:50:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_MaximillianMoraesCid.pdf: 558259 bytes, checksum: 381b762c3c6afc839262b28cf36a27d1 (MD5) / A pesquisa investiga, à luz da teoria orçamentária, os precatórios autuados pela Justiça Federal que integraram a Lei Orçamentária Anual (LOA) da União para 2014. Trata-se de obrigação judicialmente reconhecida contra a Fazenda Pública e a favor do particular que, nos últimos anos, tem apresentado dotação crescente tanto em volume de recursos, quanto em percentual de participação no Orçamento Fiscal. Consistindo em despesa pública obrigatória, esse incremento acentua a exiguidade dos recursos disponíveis e comprime a discricionariedade alocativa do Poder Público, de que resulta evidente prejuízo para a execução políticas públicas. Na LOA de 2014 foram destinados cerca de R$ 12 bilhões para o pagamento desse instrumento, que somente existe no Brasil. O montante aludido supera o orçamento de diversos órgãos da Administração Federal e o de algumas unidades da Federação para o mesmo período. Nesse contexto, o estudo tem o objetivo geral de diagnosticar os motivos que originaram os precatórios contra a União (composição) a partir do que se traçam os objetivos específicos de identificar o Tribunal que mais condenou o Erário (distribuição), o fato gerador mais oneroso (custo), o órgão que gerou maior número de precatórios (origem) e o tempo médio para a sua formação (duração processual). Como método, optou-se pela técnica monográfica, de nível descritivo, com delineamento de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, de abordagem quantitativa e com uso de estatística descritiva a partir dos dados que, por determinação constitucional, o Poder Judiciário encaminhou ao Poder Executivo para compor a LOA-2014. A justificativa do estudo é jurídica, em razão de tratar-se de dívida judicialmente reconhecida contra a Fazenda Pública; econômica, uma vez que compromete a alocação orçamentária de recursos escassos; e social, dado tratar-se de indenização àqueles que foram lesionados pela ação estatal. O potencial contributivo da pesquisa é de, a partir do diagnóstico das causas de precatórios contra a União, possibilitar à Administração Federal orientar suas ações e decisões para prevenir essa modalidade de despesa pública. O estudo constata que 97% dos precatórios distribuem-se em três grandes grupos de assuntos: previdenciário, administrativo e tributário; que o Tribunal Regional Federal da 4a Região autuou cerca de um terço dos precatórios; que benefícios previdenciários em espécie constituem o fato gerador mais oneroso (25%), dos quais grande parte se concentram em pensão por morte e aposentadoria; que o órgão que mais gera precatórios é o Ministério da Previdência Social, mais especificamente o Fundo do Regime Geral da Previdência Social, ressalvada a impossibilidade de analisar a origem das dívidas dos órgãos da Administração direta; e que o tempo médio para formação de precatório é de pouco mais de 10 anos. Sugerem-se intervenções com vistas à melhoria do processo e pesquisas futuras que investiguem, entre outras coisas, a necessidade da manutenção do instituto na legislação brasileira. / The research investigates in the light of budgetary theory, the Court-ordered debt payments (precatórios) processed by the Federal Justice that integrated the Annual Budget (LOA) of the Union for 2014. They represent a judicial condemnation of the Public Treasury to pay a certain amount of money to the citizens who had sued the Union. Over the last few years, this kind of debt has being growing both in allocation of resources and in participation in the Fiscal Budget. Since their nature consists of mandatory public debt, this growth highlights the scarce availability of resources and compresses the allocative discretion of the government, situation that affects the result of the public policy execution. In the 2014 Budget, the Federal Government allocated approximately R$ 12 billion for the payment of this instrument, that only exists in Brazil. This amount exceeds the budget of many government agencies and of some Brazilian states for the same period. In this context, the study has the general objective to diagnose which causes are behind these debts against the Union (composition). The specific objectives are: identify the court that most condemned the Treasury (distribution), the most expensive cause (cost), the agency that generated more court-ordered debt payments (source) and the average time for expediting them (procedural length). The methodology use the monographic technical and the quantitative approach through descriptive statistics. Data analysis was based on the list of court-ordered debt payments that Federal Justice sends each year to the Executive Power. The study may be justified legally, because court-ordered debt payments are judicial documents which recognize debts against the Public Treasury; economically, since they jeopardize the budgetary allocation of scarce resources; and socially, as they are a sort of compensation to people who were injured by State actions. From the diagnosis of the causes of writ against the Union, the research may help Federal Administration to guide their decisions and actions to prevent this form of public spending. The results of the study are: 97% of the court-ordered debt payments are distributed in three groups of subjects: social security, administration and taxes; the Federal Regional Court of the 4th Region fined about one-third of the them; that social security benefits are actually the more expensive cause (25%), many of which are focused on pensions and retirements; the Ministry of Social Security is responsible for the highest amount of them, considering only the agencies of indirect Administration; the average time for them to be concluded is a little over 10 years. The study suggests interventions to improve the process and further researches to investigate, among other things, the necessity of maintaining the institute in the Brazilian legislation.

In order to estimate the oxygen fugacity of Hawaiian lavas I have measured the ferric/ferrous ratios of samples from the 1984 eruption of Mauna Loa volcano and from the ongoing (1983-2017) Puu Oo eruption of Kilauea volcano. Fifteen samples were studied from the 21 day Mauna Loa eruption and 86 samples, erupted between 1983 and 2004, of the 34 year long Kilauea eruption. Both studies show that, in order to obtain reliable estimates of oxygen fugacity when, where, and how basaltic lava is sampled is of critical importance. Water-quenched lavas and spatter sampled at, or near vents, are less oxidized than water-quenched samples taken from open flow channels several kilometers away from the vent, or from slowly-cooled solidified flows. Additionally, samples of water-quenched lava traveling in lava tubes are less prone to oxidation than lava flowing in open channels, with oxygen fugacities similar to those of near vent quenched samples. The oxidation state of the rapidly quenched near vent or lava tube samples is at or below magnetite-wüstite (MW). This contrasts with the oxidation state of previously reported values for Hawaiian lavas, which are closer to fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) or nickel-nickel oxide (NNO). From this I conclude that the initial oxygen fugacity of Hawaiian parental magmas is close to MW and not FMQ, and that previous estimates of the oxidation state of Hawaiian magmas, based on data from solidified lava flows, were too high. This implies that the plume source of both Mauna Loa and Kilauea magmas is also close to MW, but not as reduced as the mantle source of mid-ocean ridge basalts.

In 1960, Kīlauea volcano in Hawaii erupted, destroying most of the village of Kapoho and forcing evacuation of its approximately 300 residents. A large and unprecedented social science survey was undertaken during the eruption to develop an understanding of human behavior, beliefs, and coping strategies among the adult evacuees (n = 160). Identical studies were also performed in three control towns located at varying distances from the eruption site (n = 478). During these studies data were collected that characterized ethnic grouping and attitudes toward Hawaiian cultural issues such as belief in Pele and two lava flow mitigation measures-use of barriers and bombs to influence the flow of lava, but the data were never published. Using these forgotten data, we examined the relationship between Hawaiian cultural issues and attitudes toward the use of barriers and bombs as mitigation strategies to protect Kapoho. On average, 72% of respondents favored the construction of earthen barriers to hold back or divert lava and protect Kapoho, but far fewer agreed with the military's use of bombs (14%) to protect Kapoho. In contrast, about one-third of respondents conditionally agreed with the use of bombs. It is suggested that local participation in the bombing strategy may explain the increased conditional acceptance of bombs as a mitigation tool, although this can not be conclusively demonstrated. Belief in Pele and being of Hawaiian ethnicity did not reduce support for the use of barriers, but did reduce support for bombs in both bombing scenarios. The disparity in levels of acceptance of barriers versus bombing and of one bombing strategy versus another suggests that historically public attitudes toward lava flow hazard mitigation strategies were complex. A modern comparative study is needed before the next damaging eruption to inform debates and decisions about whether or not to interfere with the flow of lava. Recent changes in the current eruption of Kīlauea make this a timely topic.

Emilio Carballido (1925-2008) es uno de los dramaturgos más destacados de México y de más prestigio del teatro occidental. Ha escrito una gran cantidad de obras teatrales, novelas, cuentos, obras infantiles y pedagógicas—dirigidas para docentes—, guiones teatrales y ha tanto formado como patrocinado una multitud de jóvenes dramaturgos en el país. Dos de sus primeras piezas, La zona intermedia: auto sacramental y La triple porfía, que datan de 1948, no han sido estudiadas con interés o en detalle por los críticos literarios, pese al prestigio con el que fueron recibidas en el momento de su presentación. L. Howard Quackenbush, uno de los pocos estudiosos sobre estos dos autos sacramentales, ha sostenido que son dos obras en una; la primera es el auto largo y la segunda es su loa, una es la continuación de la otra. Lo que se desarrolla en esta tesis es un análisis profundo de estos dos autos y su aplicación al género del auto, así como su aportación innovadora al mismo; se exponen la deshumanización de los personajes, así como la solución carballidesca para que los mismos recobren su humanismo o, al menos, trascienden a un nivel más allá de su desesperación existencialista. Se plantean las falacias socio-religiosas, así como las nuevas visiones—soluciones que aporta el autor y el impacto que transmite a su receptor, a través de la mirada cosmogónica del Nahual. Para fines del estudio de la tesis, emplearé fuentes como crítica literaria de L. Howard Quackenbush, Las razones del caos y Devotas irreverencias, diferentes estudios sobre existencialismo y Filosofía náhuatl, igualmente, me basaré de los estudios psicológicos de Sigmund Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents; por último, para estudios del Nahual, emplearé recopilaciones de relato oral que una profesora de la (UAT) México hizo, al igual que de algunos estudios históricos y literarios, básicamente. Se describen las aportaciones literarias, especialmente su aporte al teatro mexicano (y mundial) contemporáneo y culturales que proporcionan estas obras carballidescas para resaltar el porqué la crítica teatral debería darles más importancia, como muestra de la creatividad perenne de Carballido.

Arqueólogo