Bakgrund: Ett lager bör designas med hänsyn till vilken funktion det skall fyllas. En effektiv lagerhantering är en av nyckelfaktorerna för ett tillverkande företag. Därför sker en ständig strävan efter att förbättra lagerstrukturen. Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka vilka förbättringsmöjligheter det finns för lagerutformningen och materialhanteringen. Metod: Observationer och semi-strukturerade intervjuer har genomförts på företaget. Data samlades in med hjälp av företagets datasystem och överfördes till Microsoft Excel. Det empiriska materialet och resultaten av beräkningarna har analyserats med hjälp av teorin. Slutsatser: Förbättringsförslag för att reducera transportarbetet och öka plockningseffektiviteten har identifierats i form av artikelplacering,

Syfte - Syftet med studien är att tillhandahålla ett strukturerat ramverk vid uppförande av en ny lagerlayout i ett centrallager till en nordisk byggvarukedja. Genom att bistå med denna studie hjälper det företaget att uppnå högre effektivitet gällande lagerhållning samt identifiering av informationsgapet inom lagereffektivisering med icke-standardiserat gods.  Metod - Empiri samlades in genom observation av befintligt lager i kombination med nio kvalitativa intervjuer med lager- och logistikchefer på företag med icke-standardiserat gods. Därefter tillämpades tematisk analys för att erhålla insikt i respondenternas svar.  Resultat - Resultatet av studien visar att den nordiska byggvarukedjan bör implementera en klassbaserad tilldelningspolicy och att fler utlastningsplatser är att föredra snarare än få eftersom lastbilarna inte har fasta ankomsttider. Vidare indikerar resultatet att företaget bör undersöka möjligheterna att implementera ett IoT-baserat Warehouse Management System (WMS) med möjlighet att uppnå högre effektivitet i form av minskat antal truckar som kör tomma samt reducera antalet gångar i lagret. Slutligen visar resultatet att fler I/O-punkter skapar högre flexibilitet.  Teoretiskt bidrag - Denna studie bidrar till befintlig litteratur gällande effektivisering av icke-standardiserat gods genom ett generellt anpassat ramverk samt möjligheten att fristapla säsongsbaserat sortiment i anslutning till utlastningsplats.  Avgränsning - Fallstudien var begränsad till ett företag vid upprättande av ramverket men författarna ser möjligheten för andra företag med icke-standardiserat gods att utgå från detta ramverk och anpassa utefter specifik verksamhet. Studien är även avgränsad till flödet av bulkprodukterna som behandlas i lager innan de levereras till butik. / Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide a structured framework for a new layout of a central warehouse for a Nordic building material company. Through this study, the company can achieve higher efficiency in its warehouse and it has identified the information gap concerning non-standardized goods.  Method - The result was collected through observations of the current warehouse and nine qualitative interviews with warehouse- and/or logistics managers within companies with non-standardized goods. Thematic analysis was later used to get an understanding of the respondent’s answers.  Results - The result shows that the Nordic building material company should follow a classed based allocation policy and that more loadings bays is preferred rather than few since the company has trucks coming irregularly through the entire day. Furthermore, the results indicate that the company should further investigate the implementation of an IoT-based Warehouse Management System (WMS) which increases efficiency, decreases the number of forklifts going empty, and the number of aisles. Lastly, the result shows that they should have many I/O points since it brings more flexibility to the warehouse.  Theoretical contributions - This study contributes to current literature concerning the efficiency of inventory management of non-standardized goods through a new general framework including the opportunity to stack seasonality goods close to a loading bay.  Limitations - This case study is limited to creating a framework for one company, but the authors see an opportunity for other companies with non-standardized goods to assume this framework and adapt it in accordance with their products. It is limited to evaluating the bulk products within the Nordic building material company. Lastly, this study does not investigate products going directly from the supplier to the stores and only focuses on products within the warehouse.

The sun is a huge energy source with great potential of providing energy to the heating of homes and other buildings in an environmentally sustainable manner. In order to provide buildings with energy from the sun it is necessary to transfer the energy supply over time to when the demand arises. By storing the heat in a seasonal storage, solar energy from the summer can be used in the winter when the demand for heating is greatest. Today's existing plants are mainly in Europe and particularly in Germany. These facilities are designed to supply heat demands greater than 400 MWh and covers about 40-50 % of this need which consists of energy for space heating and domestic hot water. How much of the heat demand that is covered, the solar fraction, is partly due to losses from the storage which in turn is connected to the surface area of the storage. The bigger a storage, the smaller the losses because of the decreasing relationship between surface area and storage volume. Looking at the size of the seasonal storages that are currently in operation, the question if seasonal storage is also suitable for installations designed for heat demands smaller than 400 MWh arises. Jonas Haglund at the architect office Skanark AB in Karlstad is planning an accommodation of 40 flats and hopes that seasonal stored solar energy can serve as the main energy source for space heating and hot water. In order to make housing more attractive he is considering the idea of adding other features, like a pool and an atrium, that also require heating but with lower temperature requirements. Haglund would like to investigate whether the efficiency of the solar collector increases when the extra energy demands are added and if the energy cost, for those demands, in this way can be reduced. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of covering a large fraction of a small-scale annual heat demand corresponding to about 40 newly built apartments. The study shall present the solar fractions that can be achieved with different storage concepts when storage size and collector area is varied. The study will also answer how the solar fraction will change if a heating demand with lower temperature requirements and varied character is added to the basic domestic heating and if the added energy demand to some extent can be free. These questions are answered by calculations and simulations with the simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics. The results show that it is possible to obtain solar fractions above 80% with sufficient collector area. Suitable storage volume varies depending on the specific storage concept. Simulations of seasonal storage in a tank show that a storage volume of 13 m3/MWh is an appropriate size, while the corresponding figure for duct storage in clay is 20 m3/MWh. An added heating demand of low temperature character increases the efficiency of the solar panels and creates, so called, free energy. / Examensarbete

The purpose of this assignment at SSAB Tunnplåt in Borlänge was mainly to investigate and describe the circumstances for the spare parts stored in storage facilities within the area of operation. Even new facilities which could serve as storage rooms and their opportunities for storing spare parts were an important part of the investigation. This because of the need for improved storing of spare parts. Furthermore, market offers where reviewed for storage of spare parts in more tailored designs. The work will culminate in proposals for improvement which is of importance for the development surrounding the storage and handling of spare parts. This is since the design and management of existing storage facilities is not perceived as satisfactory with regards to spare parts characteristics. Moreover, the amount of stock locations is too few in relation to the actual need. The approach used to achieve objectives of the work was an advanced mapping for collection of vital data. The mapping consisted of interviews with involved parties, both internal and external, for the most comprehensive picture of the problems as possible. In addition, a literature survey was conducted to identify possible options for the objectives of the work as well as a personal study of existing and new storage facilities. Furthermore, the market offers for improved conditions in storage rooms were examined. A clear picture of internal logistics and warehouse activities for spare parts at SSAB Tunnplåt has been obtained during this work. From this picture, it is concluded that work in and around storage facilities can be made more efficient. SSAB Tunnplåt should additionally make efforts in the storage facilities for better use of the available storage space. A number of proposals for improvement for each studied storage facility and spare parts management in general have been conducted. These proposals for improvement include presentations to improve the design of the studied storage facilities towards enabling more stock locations. The proposals also include additional equipment for handling spare parts, scrap handling, as well as expansions of the maintenance system which supports activities in the spare parts management.

The problem Being able to manage the process- and material flows in an efficient way is essential for delivering goods, on time and at the lowest possible cost, to customers. Efficient flows have always been of great importance, but in the past few decades they have received more attention, especially within industrial circuits. The interest in creating efficient flows has increased in line with market developments, its increased complexity and variations. But with the new market companies have come to face new problems. Poor delivery service, high inventory- and handling costs and longer lead times. Longer lead times lead to greater costs for the company. It’s also a competitive disadvantage, which means that the company may end up losing customers to competitors.   With this in mind, the decision was made that this study would focus on reducing the lead times at the company’s warehouse department. The questions on which this study is based are as follows:   Which factors affect the lead times for inventory- and order management? How can you increase the efficiency and shorten the lead times for inventory- and order management?   Case study During this thesis, a case study has been conducted at Dormakaba AB. The case study has been delimited to include only the inventory- and order management at the company. The overall approach for this study has been the DMAIC-method. The gathering of data has been made through observations, interviews and time studies.   During the case study, a lot of unnecessary movements were identified in the process of inventory- and order management. This was mainly due to the layout of the warehouse, the design of the workbenches and the lack of structure. In order to reduce the lead times, the unnecessary movements needed to be minimized as much as possible. Therefore the improvement proposals are primarily focusing on reducing unnecessary movements.   Results and conclusions During the course of the study a time study, on an order handling process, were done. The order, which could be considered to be of normal size, were completed in 32,8 minutes. By making an ABC-analysis and design the inventory after the results of the analysis, changing workbenches, introducing 5s on the workbenches and delivery area and introducing a new layout, it was estimated that a time saving of 6,8 (20,73%) was possible. This would allow an annual time saving of 2 266,5 hours.

<p>KSL Trading Inc is a trading company in the Jönkoping area that distributes</p><p>material for the furniture and interior design industry.</p><p>The purpose of this report is to analyze the existing material flow and</p><p>warehouse layout as well as to identify the issues there are today at KSL’s</p><p>warehouse for board material. When we identified what kind of problems that</p><p>existed we were able to design a new plan for the material flow and storage</p><p>possibilities. The problems we found where:</p><p>• There is no well-organised warehouse layout</p><p>• There are no routines to keep the warehouse clean and in order</p><p>• There is no formed plan how to handle material</p><p>To solve these problems we have used different methods like interviews,</p><p>observations, calculations and literature studies. The information we have</p><p>gathered from these methods have been analyzed and developed into a result</p><p>In the result we have made two time studies on different orders in the existing</p><p>layout. We have presented two proposals on layout improvements on the</p><p>warehouse that improves the handling and flow of the material. Then we</p><p>simulated these orders in one of the two layout proposals to make an estimate</p><p>of time improvements. In packing orders we can show on an estimated</p><p>improvement in time of 45 %</p><p>We have divided the material into eight different families and then performed</p><p>an ABC-analysis on these families. We have also analysed how much material</p><p>of each family that is stored.</p><p>We have designed a new marking label that simplifies the work to maintain the</p><p>materials that are stored well in order and structure.</p><p>Finally we have been able to draw some overall conclusions on how to improve</p><p>the situation for the entire organisation.</p>

KSL Trading Inc is a trading company in the Jönkoping area that distributes material for the furniture and interior design industry. The purpose of this report is to analyze the existing material flow and warehouse layout as well as to identify the issues there are today at KSL’s warehouse for board material. When we identified what kind of problems that existed we were able to design a new plan for the material flow and storage possibilities. The problems we found where: • There is no well-organised warehouse layout • There are no routines to keep the warehouse clean and in order • There is no formed plan how to handle material To solve these problems we have used different methods like interviews, observations, calculations and literature studies. The information we have gathered from these methods have been analyzed and developed into a result In the result we have made two time studies on different orders in the existing layout. We have presented two proposals on layout improvements on the warehouse that improves the handling and flow of the material. Then we simulated these orders in one of the two layout proposals to make an estimate of time improvements. In packing orders we can show on an estimated improvement in time of 45 % We have divided the material into eight different families and then performed an ABC-analysis on these families. We have also analysed how much material of each family that is stored. We have designed a new marking label that simplifies the work to maintain the materials that are stored well in order and structure. Finally we have been able to draw some overall conclusions on how to improve the situation for the entire organisation.

I dagsläget tas enbart hänsyn till variation i geometri. Detta leder till att moduler som levereras inom kort befinner sig längst ner i högen. Projektet handlar om att göra en nulägesbeskrivning och analys för att hitta slöserier samt en studie över hur en lageryta ska formas för att utnyttjas maximalt.  Teori i form av kurslitteraturen i och vetenskapliga artiklar har tillämpats i rapporten. Teorin omfattar lagerstyrning och lagerutformning för ena frågeställningen och lean för den andra frågeställningen. Datainsamlingen har gjort med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod, då personalen har intervjuats. Med hjälp av teorin har förbättringsförslag för företaget tagits fram. Svar på de två olika frågeställningarna har framställts. Företaget har många faktorer som resulterar i en ineffektiv modulhantering och det som påverkar mest är informationsflödet. Företaget uppmuntras till att utnyttja lagerpersonalens kompetens och förbättra informationsflödet. / The report is an analysis of the current situation at the warehouse at the company Vossloh nordic switch systems in Örebro. Vossloh Nordic Switch Systems manufactures prefabricated switches for the railway industry. The switches consist of two to three modules weighing between 6 to 25 tons depending on the type of module. In accordance with the customer contract, Vossloh produces and stores the switches until the customer wants them to be delivered, this leads to the switches spending a long time in the warehouse. Since switches cannot be installed during the colder period out in the field, the company has high and low seasons regarding deliveries of switches. The company has an internal goal to even out the finished goods inventory and believes that free stacking of the switches leads to safety risks. The free stacked modules are in a random order and this leads to many unnecessary lifts, from which the staff collects from the module piles. Due to inadequate information flow, the various factors for the modules are not taken into account. The company has four factors that result in the modules lying here wildly.

<p>Armatec tillhandahåller system, produkter och funktionella lösningar inom värme, kyla och process. Företaget har lager i Sverige, Norge och Danmark. Under senare tid har företaget sett att lagret i Norge utgör en stor kostnad. Armatec har därför börjat fundera på om de skulle tjäna på att centralisera logistikstrukturen dvs. stänga lagret i Norge och utöka centrallagret i Göteborg. Syftet meddetta examensarbete är att undersöka huruvida lagret behövs i Norge eller ej. Den metod som arbetet använder sig av är Dupont - modellen eller avkastningsmodellen. Genom att använda denna modell beräknas lagerkostnaderna, transportkostnaderna, lagerstorlek, kapacitetsutnyttjande osv. Dessutom gör man en analys av leveransprecision, leveranssäkerhet, leveranstid och leverensflexibilitet. Arbetet har gått genom dessa punkter och finner att lagerräntabiliteten ökar med 13% om företaget Armatec stänger sitt lager i Norge. Detta under villkor att leveransservicenivån förbättras. Transportkostnaderna ökar något men inte markant i det här sammanhanget. Arbetet berör också andra typer av metoder som behandlar lagerlokaliserings fråga nämligen tyndpunktsmetoden, matematiska modeller samt Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Uppsatsen använder sig av en differentierad lagerhållningsränta för att beräkna lagerkostnaderna. Man har dock utgått ifrån en multivariabel ABC analys för att klassificera produkterna. En kvalitativ metod nämligen SWOT- analysen dvs. Styrka ,Svaghet, möjligheter och Hot avslutar detta arbete. Slutstaten med detta examensarbete är att Armatec skulle tjäna på en centralisering av lagerstrukturerna. Författaren vill påminna läsaren att Företaget vill behålla sitt lager i Köpenhamn. Det är därför Köpenhamn inte igår i arbetet. Företaget har inget lager i Finland. Arbetet visar också att den finska marknaden inte kommer att påverkas i samband med centralisering</p>

Armatec tillhandahåller system, produkter och funktionella lösningar inom värme, kyla och process. Företaget har lager i Sverige, Norge och Danmark. Under senare tid har företaget sett att lagret i Norge utgör en stor kostnad. Armatec har därför börjat fundera på om de skulle tjäna på att centralisera logistikstrukturen dvs. stänga lagret i Norge och utöka centrallagret i Göteborg. Syftet meddetta examensarbete är att undersöka huruvida lagret behövs i Norge eller ej. Den metod som arbetet använder sig av är Dupont - modellen eller avkastningsmodellen. Genom att använda denna modell beräknas lagerkostnaderna, transportkostnaderna, lagerstorlek, kapacitetsutnyttjande osv. Dessutom gör man en analys av leveransprecision, leveranssäkerhet, leveranstid och leverensflexibilitet. Arbetet har gått genom dessa punkter och finner att lagerräntabiliteten ökar med 13% om företaget Armatec stänger sitt lager i Norge. Detta under villkor att leveransservicenivån förbättras. Transportkostnaderna ökar något men inte markant i det här sammanhanget. Arbetet berör också andra typer av metoder som behandlar lagerlokaliserings fråga nämligen tyndpunktsmetoden, matematiska modeller samt Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Uppsatsen använder sig av en differentierad lagerhållningsränta för att beräkna lagerkostnaderna. Man har dock utgått ifrån en multivariabel ABC analys för att klassificera produkterna. En kvalitativ metod nämligen SWOT- analysen dvs. Styrka ,Svaghet, möjligheter och Hot avslutar detta arbete. Slutstaten med detta examensarbete är att Armatec skulle tjäna på en centralisering av lagerstrukturerna. Författaren vill påminna läsaren att Företaget vill behålla sitt lager i Köpenhamn. Det är därför Köpenhamn inte igår i arbetet. Företaget har inget lager i Finland. Arbetet visar också att den finska marknaden inte kommer att påverkas i samband med centralisering