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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Sérignan et Vendres, deux villages biterrois face à la guerre dans la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle : étude du gouvernement villageois au bas Moyen âge / Sérignan and Vendres, two villages of Biterrois in face of the war during the latter half of the XIVth century : a study on the village government in the late Middle Ages

Mukai, Shinya 08 November 2017 (has links)
Dans le Bas-Languedoc de la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle, avec l’aggravation de la guerre franco-anglaise, l’insécurité devient permanente à cause de l’incursion des armées anglo-gasconnes et du pillage des routiers, et augmentent les exigences royales liées à l’état de guerre : fortification, mobilisation et taxation. Quel impact la guerre a-t-elle sur le village ? Comment les villageois répondent-ils à ce nouvel environnement caractérisé par l’insécurité montante et par la pression accrue de la fiscalité royale ? La guerre ne suscite-t-elle pas une profonde transformation de la société villageoise ? Notre thèse a pour objectif d’éclaircir le fonctionnement et le changement du gouvernement villageois face à la guerre dans la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle. Nous avons choisi comme les objets centraux de notre recherche deux villages : Sérignan et Vendres. Ceux-ci se trouvent à proximité de Béziers, dans le Biterrois, au centre du Bas-Languedoc. Avant tout, ces deux villages conservent les comptes consulaires les plus volumineux du Biterrois de la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle, qui contiennent de riches renseignements sur la société, en général, et des individus, en particulier. En vue d’étudier le village en guerre, se posent quatre pistes de recherche : 1. Actions défensives de la communauté villageoise ; 2. Emprise de la guerre sur les finances villageoises ; 3. Politique et administration au sein du village ; 4. Relations extérieures de la communauté villageoise. Les valeurs du gouvernement villageois dans le Biterrois de la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle peuvent être résumées en trois mots : liberté, équité, généralité. C’est-à-dire la liberté politique contre les pouvoirs extérieurs, l’équité fiscale au sein de la communauté, le consensus général entre les habitants. / In Bas-Languedoc of the latter half of the XIVth century, with the aggravation of the French-English war, the insecurity becomes normalized because of the incursion of the Anglo-Gascon army and of the pillage of the campaigners, and the royal demands ― fortification, mobilization and taxation ― increase in relation with the state of war. What impact does the war make on the village? How do the villagers respond to this new and unprecedented environment characterized by the mounting insecurity and the huge pressure of the royal taxation? Doesn’t the war spark off a profound transformation of the village society? The objective of our thesis is to shed light on the functioning and the reorganizing of village government in face of the war during the latter half of the XIVth century. We have chosen as the central objects of our research two villages: Sérignan and Vendres. These are situated near Béziers, in Biterrois, in the middle of Bas-Languedoc. Above all, these two villages conserve the consular account books, which are the most voluminous in Biterrois of the latter half of the XIVth century and contain rich and significant information about the society and individual villagers. In order to study the villages in wartime, we take four courses of research: 1. defensive actions of the village community; 2. influence of the war on the village finance; 3. politics and administration inside the village; 4. external relations of the village community. The values of village government in Biterrois of the latter half of the XIVth century can be summarized in three words: liberty, equity, and ‘‘generality’’. That is to say, the political liberty against external powers, the fiscal equity inside the community, and the general consensus among inhabitants.
12

Bildwerke des Meisters HW

Schellenberger, Simona 25 April 2007 (has links)
Etwa 20 skulpturale Arbeiten des frühen 16. Jahrhunderts werden auf der Basis stilkritischer Untersuchungen dem so genannten Meister HW zugeschrieben. Die Bildwerke gruppieren sich um drei mit den Buchstaben HW monogrammierte und datierte Bildwerke: die Figur der Hl. Helena von der Hl.-Kreuz-Kapelle des Rathauses in Halle/Saale (1501/1502), das Altarretabel in der Bornaer Marienkirche (1511) und die Schöne Tür von der Franziskanerklosterkirche in Annaberg (1512). Neben zwei Arbeiten in Goslar und Braunschweig konzentrieren sich die Erhaltungsorte und die Provenienzen im albertinisch regierten sächsischen Raum, wobei insbesondere die Städte Chemnitz und Freiberg, Annaberg und Ehrenfriedersdorf im oberen Erzgebirge sowie die südlich bzw. südwestlich von Leipzig gelegenen Orte Borna und Pegau hervortreten. Seit den 1938 von Walter Hentschel vorgelegten Untersuchungen stand die Gruppe von Bildwerken nicht erneut im Mittelpunkt einer wissenschaftlichen Arbeit. Die jüngste Beschäftigung mit den Werken kann auf die Forschungen insbesondere der letzten 10-15 Jahre zu bildkünstlerischen Äußerungen des ausgehenden Mittelalters und der beginnenden Neuzeit aufbauen. Im Vordergrund der vorgelegten Arbeit stehen umfassende Untersuchungen der drei monogrammierten und datierten Bildwerke sowie der Tulpenkanzel in der Freiberger Marienkirche. Dabei gewähren die Untersuchungen zu den künstlerischen Voraussetzungen nicht nur Einblicke in den Schaffensprozess des Bildhauers und Bildschnitzers, sie ermöglichen zugleich eine Positionsbestimmung der skulpturalen Arbeiten im Kontext des bildnerischen und raumkünstlerischen Geschehens des ausgehenden 15. und beginnenden 16. Jahrhunderts innerhalb des deutschen Sprachraums. / Approx. 20 sculptural works from the early 16th century are ascribed to the so-called Master HW on the basis of stylistic examinations. These sculptures are grouped around three dated sculptures monogrammed with the letters HW: the sculpture of St. Helena in Hl.-Kreuz-Kapelle (Holy Cross Chapel) of the town hall in Halle/Saale (1501/1502), the altar retable in St. Mary’s Church in Borna (1511) and Schöne Tür [Beautiful Gate] at the church of the Franciscan monastery in Annaberg (1512). Apart from two other pieces in Goslar and Brunswick, the places of preservation as well as the provenances are concentrated in the Saxon region formerly governed by the Albertine dynasty with the towns of Chemnitz and Freiberg, Annaberg and Ehrenfriedersdorf in the upper Ore Mountains as well as the towns of Borna and Pegau located to the south and south-west of Leipzig as especially prominent locations. Since the examinations presented by Walter Hentschel in 1938 this group of sculptures has never been the centre of another scientific examination again. The most recent thesis on these works can build on the research in particular of the last 10 to 15 years regarding sculptural expressions at the end of the Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern age. Comprehensive examinations of the three monogrammed and dated sculptures as well as of Tulpenkanzel (tulip pulpit) in St. Mary’s Church in Freiberg form the focus of the thesis submitted. In this respect, the examinations regarding the artistic preconditions do not only provide insights into the sculptor’s creative process; at the same time, they also allow a positioning of the sculptural work in the context of the events in graphic arts and interior design in the German speaking territories at the end of the 15th and at the beginning of the 16th century.
13

World cities before globalisation : the European city network, A.D. 1300-1600

Verbruggen, Raf January 2011 (has links)
This dissertation is a quantitative study of the spatial business strategies of 130 late medieval and 16th-century European commercial and banking firms, the business networks of which have been put together for a structural analysis of the European city network between ca. 1300 and ca. 1600. Concretely this investigation has been carried out through the application of an interlocking network model – specifically developed for the study of the present-day global city network produced by the office networks of business service firms – to this historical case study, in order to challenge predominantly hierarchical conceptualisations of city networks which are often influenced by central place theory. After a methodological section, in which solutions are designed for reconciling the geographical model with the particularities of historical research, a first part of the analysis focuses on agency within the network, identifying and reconstructing the multiple spatial strategies used by the different agents. In a second part the overall structure and dynamics in the network are investigated, revealing the operation of Christaller's traffic principle, as well as a cyclical variation in emphasis on continental and maritime nodes within the European city network. More generally, this study demonstrates that the functioning of dynamic transnational networks based upon complementarity and cooperation rather than competition is not limited to our contemporary globalised world, but can also be found in particular historical societies.
14

L’esthétique du faire croire : étude littéraire des sermons français et latins de Jean Gerson / The art of creating faith : litterary study of John Gerson’s french and latin sermons.

Griveau-Genest, Viviane 05 July 2017 (has links)
En dépit d’études conséquentes, la portée littéraire des écrits et de la figure de Jean Charlier Gerson (1363-1429), reste largement méconnue et ce du fait d’un prisme historique et théologique. Le présent travail entend donc combler cette lacune en proposant une étude rhétorique et stylistique de ces textes, ainsi qu’une nouvelle mise en perspective culturelle de la figure du chancelier. L’enjeu est double puisqu’il s’agit d’inscrire les sermons dans une histoire longue du fait esthétique et de redonner à Gerson un statut d’acteur littéraire. Notre démarche s’appuiera pour ce faire sur l’importante formalisation esthétique de ces textes qui empruntent ses cadres à la littérature curiale. Elle se fondera également l’adoption de postures à caractère auctorial qui signalent la participation de Gerson aux milieux lettrés de son époque. Ces différents éléments permettent ensuite de reconsidérer la place des sermons de Gerson dans le champ culturel de la fin du Moyen Âge, marqué par un mouvement d’autonomisation de la littérature face aux milieux cléricaux. Cette étude offre ainsi à un premier niveau une meilleure compréhension du champ littéraire de la fin du Moyen Âge par la mise en lumière d’un acteur clérical encore méconnu. Plus largement, elle permet également de poser des jalons pour une nouvelle intelligence de l’art oratoire, au service notamment d’une histoire longue de l’éloquence de la chaire. / In spite of a wide range of studies, the chancellor of the university of Paris Jean Gerson (1363-1429) remains quite unknow as a litterary author and his texts are mainly read in a theological or historical way. Thus, this study will focuse on a rhetorical and stylistic approach of the texts so that they can be understood in a litterary frame. Allegorical devices, images but also auctorial strategies are some of the elements that show the integration of court culture in the homely. In the same time, we will try to consider in a new way Jean Gerson’s role and place in the intellectual context of late Middle Ages.
15

La sculpture en Savoie : ateliers, artistes et commanditaires à Chambéry et dans sa région : vers 1480 - vers 1530 / Late Gothic Sculpture in Savoie : Workshops, Artists and Clientele in Chambéry and its vicinity : between 1480 and 1530

Boisset Thermes, Sandrine 24 November 2015 (has links)
Malgré la rareté des sources à Chambéry et dans sa région, les critères d’existence d’un foyer artistique dans la ville et ses alentours au tournant des XVe et XVIe siècles peuvent être réunis. Un important corpus d'une quarantaine de sculptures produit au cours de quelques décennies entre 1480 et 1530 atteste l'activité locale de sculpteurs. L'analyse des œuvres permet de distinguer l'activité de plusieurs ateliers et d'envisager un mode de production. De nombreuses occasions d'échanges entre milieux artistiques chambériens, genevois et septentrionaux peuvent aussi être mises en lumière. Dans cet espace, autour de 1500, la présence d'une clientèle variée et un contexte religieux dynamique ont favorisé le développement d'un langage artistique originale. / Despite the paucity of documentary evidence arguing in favour of the existence of much sculpting activity in and near Chambéry, the criteria needed to establish the presence of an artistic hub in the town and its vicinity at the turn of the XV and XVI centuries can be shown. The existence of a large body of sculptures, consistent both in style and iconography, produced over a few decades between 1480 and 1530, is testament to the activity of sculptors in the region. An analysis has led to identifying the activity of various artists' workshops, and to understanding of the way in which these works were produced. Many opportunities for contact between the art worlds of Chambéry, Geneva and Northern countries can also be identified. Within this space, a varied clientele as well as a dynamic religious context have supported the development of an original local artistic production.
16

Le culte de Sainte Elisabeth en Slovaquie médiévale (XIIIe-XVIe siècles) : Textes, images, lieux / Elizabethan cult in Medieval Slovakia (c. 13th-16th) : Texts, Images, Places

Pacindova, Laura 12 October 2013 (has links)
Cette thèse propose une étude sur l'histoire du culte élisabéthain et son évolution en Slovaquie médiévale entre le XIIIe et le XVIe siècle. Elle s'appuie sur un corpus de 61 représentations visuelles, croisé avec les textes hagiographiques, liturgiques et littéraires, et replacé dans son contexte historique et spatial.Le culte de sainte Élisabeth a été un des plus répandus à travers l'Europe du bas Moyen Âge. Porté par la nouvelle sainteté mendiante, l'exemple d'Élisabeth a trouvé un écho puissant dans son pays d'origine, la Hongrie, immédiatement après sa canonisation en 1235. Plusieurs facteurs contribuèrent à la diffusion de la vénération de cette figure féminine : les familles royales, à commencer par celle des Árpád jusqu'au roi Mathias Corvin ; les mendiants ; et, enfin, les colons allemands. Une première partie de la thèse délimite l'espace géographique du thème étudié et présente les sources iconographiques et hagiographiques élisabéthaines qui constituent la base à partir de laquelle se déploie les grandes caractéristiques du culte. Elle recense d'une part les documents d'ordre juridique et biographique sur sainte Élisabeth, puis place sa personne dans la pratique liturgique à partir des manuscrits conservés en Slovaquie. D'autre part, elle présente l'image de la sainte, qui apparait sur des supports variés, grâce à un corpus iconographique inédit.Dans la deuxième partie, Élisabeth est replacée dans les contextes historiques hongrois et slovaque pour définir les premières formes de l'établissement de son culte. L'étude de la topographie témoigne de l'abondance des lieux dédiés à la sainte dans les décennies suivant sa mort.La troisième partie expose les divers motifs et scènes iconographiques de sainte Élisabeth telles qu'elles ont été pratiquées en Slovaquie et les croisent avec les modèles d'autres pays d'Europe. Les images élisabéthaines, auxquelles les fidèles s'identifient aisément, sont soumises à l'analyse pour démontrer leur plasticité au sein de la société médiévale où différents groupes sociopolitiques peuvent se les approprier selon ses propres besoins spirituels. Cette analyse située à la croisée de deux disciplines : l'histoire et l'histoire de l'art, apporte un regard nouveau sur les variations du culte d'une sainte à travers un rassemblement inédit de ses représentations du XIIIe au XVIe siècle. / This thesis deals with the history of the Elizabethan cult and its evolution in Medieval Slovakia between the 13th and the 16th centuries. It is based on a corpus of 61 visual representations crosschecked against hagiographic, liturgical and literary texts and put in its historical and spatial context. The cult of Saint Elizabeth is one of the most widespread throughout Europe in the Late Middle Ages. Backed by the new begging holiness, the example of Elizabeth finds an echo in Hungary, her country of origin, immediately after her canonization in 1235, where many factors contribute to the spread of the reverence for this feminine figure: royal families, starting with that of the Árpáds and ending by King Matthias Corvinus; beggars; and finally German settlers. The first part of the thesis defines the geographical space of the topic under consideration and determines Elizabethan iconographic and hagiographic sources which constitute the base for the problem of cult. On the one hand, this part identifies legal and biographical documents on Saint Elizabeth and analyses liturgical practices in connection with this figure on the basis of the manuscripts conserved in Slovakia. On the other hand, it presents the image of the saint with the help of an original iconographic corpus. The second part focuses on Elizabeth in the Hungarian and Slovak historical contexts in order to define the earliest forms of the establishment of her cult. Informed by historical topography, it shows the abundance of places dedicated to the saint in the decades following her death. The third part sets out different motifs and iconographic scenes of Saint Elizabeth in Slovakia and discusses them in comparison with other models in Europe. The images of Saint Elizabeth, with which the faithful identify themselves easily, are analyzed to demonstrate their plasticity in the medieval society which appropriates them according to its own demands. This analysis, placed at the crossroads of two subjects: history and history of art, provides a new approach to cult variations of the saint through the original grouping of representations from the 13th till the 16th centuries.
17

Proměna odívání v českých zemích husitského období / Transformation of clothing in the Czech lands Hussite period

Feyfrlíková, Monika January 2017 (has links)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to assess (by means of the synthesis of interdisciplinary sciences) whether we could trace any changes in clothing style during a period of Hussit wars with an overlap to the years 1400-1450 on the basis of surviving fragments of historic textiles, visual and material sources with the references to literary documents. The thesis focuses more thoroughly on the earlier development of the structure of male and female pieces of clothing and their possible form in the period of Hussit wars. Specifically, it follows the evolution of the form of both male and female body linen, under garments and outer garments, and it also focuses on head coverings, hose, shoes and accessories of the particular period. The document is enriched by a large variety of pictures attached straight to the text due to better orientation within the written content. At the end there are tables and figures which widely cover the traces of individual parts of garments found in illuminated manuscripts dated back to the delimited period. Key words: clothing, archeological textiles, illumination, Bohemia, Hussite wars, late middle ages.
18

Michael Johnston. Romance and the Gentry in Late Medieval England: Reviewed by Ursula Schaefer

Schaefer, Ursula 14 July 2020 (has links)
In the “Introduction” (1–20) Johnston identifies three “simultaneous developments” which the book should bring together: for one, the “gentry […] emerging into a distinct and quite numerous stratum within the aristocracy”; secondly, the “[r]omance adapt[ing] to this change, opening up a new ideological space for this new class of readers”; and, finally, “book production” – in particular: copying by booklets and the increasing use of paper – “conveniently facilitating provincial copying and circulation of provincially oriented texts”. These three developments, says Johnston, “coalesced to yield a new type of romance” which he dubs gentry romance (14). His aim is to show that the gentry had an active part in the late history of English romance as some of its members – literally – appropriated (specimens of) this genre “most closely related with the aristocracy” (15).
19

"Bibliotheca publica": Zur „Öffentlichkeit“ sächsischer Bibliothekenim Spätmittelalter

Hermann, Gregor, Mahnke, Lutz 24 September 2009 (has links)
Gründung und Gestalt der historischen Bibliotheken im heutigen Freistaat Sachsen liegen fast ausnahmslos im Dunkel der Geschichte. Umso erfreulicher ist es, wenn – wie jüngst mit dem Beitrag von Tom Graber, Christoph Mackert und Martina Schattkowsky in der letzten Ausgabe von BIS geschehen – von Forschungsergebnissen berichtet werden kann, die unser Bild von der deutschen Bibliothekslandschaft in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit erhellen (Tom Graber, Christoph Mackert, Martina Schattkowsky: Die Klosterbibliothek von Altzelle, in: BIS 2 (2009) 2, S. 124 – 126). Die Autoren hatten am Beispiel der Bibliothek des Klosters Altzelle die Auswirkungen des Humanismus auf das Büchereiwesen um 1500 im mitteldeutschen Raum dargelegt. Sie berichteten, wie Abt Martin von Lochau, offenbar vom humanistischen Bildungsideal geleitet, die Gründung einer der gelehrten Welt zugänglichen, als „bibliotheca publica“ bezeichneten Büchersammlung forcierte.
20

Medeltida ödeläggelse i Sverige : En litteraturstudie över resiliens och medeltidsarkeologisk forskning utförd på den senmedeltida agrarkrisen / Medieval abandonment of farms in Sweden : A literature study of resilience and medieval archaeological research on the late medieval agrarian crisis.

Rohman, Nadine January 2021 (has links)
The late medieval agrarian crisis is characterized by a sharp decline in population which caused farm abandonment and mass death. The crisis arose due to a lack of access to arable land and insufficient food production in relation to the growing population. However, there is evidence of villages and farms surviving the crisis by adapting to new conditions through the development of sustainable structures. Studying the literature from a resilience theoretical perspective, this paper discusses existing opportunities to study the agrarian crisis, opening avenues for future research. More specifically, this study contributes to the literature by examining studies on abandoned and surviving farms from Jämtland, Östergötland, Småland, Värmland and Skåne, concerning the interpretive possibilities of the farm's survival. The results suggest that Medieval archaeology excels in increasing knowledge about human behaviour and the relationship to the environment from a long-term perspective. Resilience theory can provide an interdisciplinary framework, increasing the understanding of social-ecological systems, therefore ensuring the sustainability of ecosystem services. Moreover, the findings of this thesis suggest that pollen analysis and dendrochronology are commonly used in research on the agrarian crisis. The methods reveal that common survival strategies consisted of introducing less labour-intensive farming methods or taking over the lands of desolate farms. Additionally, farms that had access to natural resources, cooperated with other farms on open land and had larger households most often survived the crisis.

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