Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 229-240).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2003. / Bibliography: leaves 226-236.

In the traditionally patriarchal Hollywood industry, the heterosexual man’s “male gaze,” as coined by feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey, is the dominant viewing model for cinematic audiences, leaving little room for a negotiated reading of how visual images are created, presented, and internalized by male and female audiences alike. However, as Hollywood’s shifting feminist landscape becomes increasingly prevalent in the mainstream media, content incorporating the oppositional “female gaze” have become the new norm in both the film and television mediums. Through an extended analysis of the gaze as socialized through gendered learning in children, the “safe space” afforded through the formulaic platform of “boy bands,” and the function of romantic comedies and the emerging feminist rhetoric prevalent in such films as “Magic Mike: XXL,” the conceptual “female gaze” is defined and explored through the demographic of young girls as they grow and push their understanding of desire, particularly as they develop into the mature, media-cosuming women that have become increasingly vocal in the Hollywood sphere.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-04-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:03:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 miranda_krm_dr_assis.pdf: 1053211 bytes, checksum: 65bda692a2ffe787ba40dff40b0b5c43 (MD5) / O presente trabalho consiste numa leitura comparada dos romances mexicanos Pedro Páramo (1955), de Juan Rulfo (1917-1986), e Como água para chocolate (1989), de Laura Esquivel (1950-), partindo da constatação de que essas narrativas são ambientadas na época da Revolução Mexicana (1910-1940), um dos movimentos sociais mais complexos e importantes da história latino-americana. Em Pedro Páramo, o personagem que dá nome ao romance é um cacique que domina toda uma região à custa de muita violência. Seu fim corresponde ao desmoronamento de uma estrutura social para a qual não havia mais lugar no novo país que estava surgindo com a Revolução. Em Como água para chocolate, impulsionada pelo desejo de romper com uma tradição familiar castradora, que a obrigava a ficar solteira para cuidar da mãe, a protagonista empreende uma trajetória de luta contra a submissão e o silenciamento impostos à mulher pela sociedade patriarcal. Sua luta tem êxito, simbolizando o movimento de conquista da mulher por um maior espaço de atuação social e emissão de sua voz. Dedicamos, em nossa leitura, especial atenção ao contorno dado à figura feminina e à rica simbologia evocada por elementos recorrentes nas narrativas, cuja exploração nos parece de grande importância na conformação do ponto de vista dos autores. Em síntese, nosso objetivo é examinar alguns pontos de aproximação e contraste entre os romances selecionados, a fim de refletir sobre as especificidades da leitura que cada um apresenta do México que emerge de suas páginas. Como resultado da análise, em linhas gerais, é possível constatar que Juan Rulfo configura um ponto de vista mais universalizante e pessimista, e Laura Esquivel, uma visão particularizadora e otimista / The present work consists of a comparative reading of the Mexican novels Pedro Páramo (1955), by Juan Rulfo (1917-1986), and Like water for chocolate (1989), by Laura Esquivel (1950-), starting from the ascertainment that these narratives are situated at the time of the Mexican Revolution (1910-1940), one of the most complex and important social movements of the Latin America history. In Pedro Páramo, the character that names the novel after himself is a chieftain who dominates an entire region at the expense of much violence. His death corresponds to the collapse of a social structure to which there was no place in the country that was arising with the Revolution. In Like water for chocolate, impelled by the desire of breaking with an emasculating familiar tradition that forced her to remain unmarried to take care of her mother, the female protagonist undertakes a trajectory of struggle against the submission and the silence imposed on the women by the patriarchal society. Her struggle is successful, symbolizing the women’s movement for the conquest of a larger space for social actuation and emission of their voices. In our reading we dedicated special attention to the outline of the female figure and the rich symbology evoked by recurrent elements in the narratives, the exploration of those seems to us to be of great importance in the conformation of the authors’ point of view. In short, our objective is to examine some points of approach and contrast between the selected novels in order to reflect on the specificities of the reading that each one of them shows about the Mexico that emerges from their pages. As the result of the analysis, in broad outline it is possible to ascertain that Juan Rulfo portrays a more universalizing and pessimistic point view and Laura Esquivel, a particularizing and optimistic view

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Nymphomaniac represents yet another complex art-movie by director Lars von Trier. The reception amongst film critics is seemingly incoherent about whether the film reproduces misogynist values or if the film could be perceived as feminist.  This thesis aims to explore how Laura Mulvey’s theory of the male gaze still applies and provides tools for examination together with the intersectional approach, to decode and identify patriarchal conventions. As whiteness is inextricably linked to patriarchal structure it is discussed throughout this thesis and in a separate chapter. Hence this thesis suggests an intersectional feminist critical analysis to be the most adequate method to examine this movie and to fully comprehend how different elements of power coexist to suppress women and racialized people within the context of Nymphomaniac.  This thesis concludes that von Trier does not only embrace the male gaze, he also occasionally rejects it.

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Bilge Olgac, one of the first female directors of Turkey, who shot her first film in 1965, shaped her films according to the developments in Turkey. This thesis investigates how Olgac was affected by the events that took place in Turkey from the 1960s to the 1980s and how she reflected this impact on the representations of men and women in her films. The study seeks answers to the following questions;  *How has political, economic, and social changes in Turkey, influenced Bilge Olgac and her films from the end of the 1960s and beginning of the 1970s to the 1980s? *How are men and women and their relationship represented and how is the gaze indicated in the films? These research questions are tried to be answered by analyzing Olgac’s films Lawless Land (1967), Dark Day (1971), Gulusan (1985) and Ipekce (1987). While analyzing women and femininity and men and masculinity in these films, Laura Mulvey’s Male Gaze theory is used. Findings suggest that between 1965-1975, Olgac tried to keep up with the male-dominated cinema industry on the one hand and tried to impose herself in the industry on the other and directed melodramas in which women were represented as weak and passive and men were represented as strong and active. Olgac, who took a break from cinema in 1975, focused on female protagonists by presenting a different perspective to the audience in the 1980s. However, detailed analyses of the films also reveal that she could not get rid of the dominant ideology and the female characters in her films could not escape from traditional roles. In other words, Olgac’s films reflect patriarchy, similar to the Hollywood films Mulvey has examined.

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Denna uppsats behandlar språket i två klassiska barnböcker. Syftet är att avgöra om Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige var så radikalt modern som den än idag ofta anses vara. Studien är en komparativ litteraturstudie som innefattar en jämförelse mellan den nämnda boken och Barnen ifrån Frostmofjället utifrån ett antal olika aspekter av språket. De undersökta dragen är utvalda från fyra närlästa kapitel i vartdera verket men resultaten baseras på verken som helhet. Resultaten visar på betydande skillnader i böckernas stavning men små skillnader i fråga om ordvariation, lexikon och grammatik. Den slutsats som kan dras av studien är att språket i Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige i fråga om modernitet inte skilde sig nämnvärt från den samtida Barnen ifrån Frostmofjället.