Note: 5 volumes

Note: Volume 3 of 5

Note: Volume 4 of 5

Note: Volume 5 of 5

Šiandien Lietuva, kaip ir kitos posovietinės valstybės, vis dar išgyvena gana sudėtingą ir prieštaringą socialinį, ekonominį ir teisinį pokyčių laikotarpį, susidurdama su anksčiau nepatirtomis problemomis. Nauja teisinė bazė kuriama praktikoje nepasiteisinusių teisės normų pagrindu, be to, nuolat kintantys visuomeniniai santykiai reikalauja pastovaus darbo administracinės teisėkūros srityje. Socialinė–ekonominė šalies plėtra posovietiniu laikotarpiu reikalauja naujų valdymo formų, veiksmingų sprendimų, todėl pastaraisiais metais itin didelio dėmesio sulaukia vykdomosios valdžios institucijų sistema, jos tobulinimo gairės. Tačiau net teisinės doktrinos nuolatinis tobulinimas ir naujų idėjų kūrimas iki galo neišsprendė egzistuojančių problemų, kadangi buvo nuolat bandoma iškilusias problemas spręsti vien tik teisinėmis priemonėmis, taip užsidarant nuo galimai teigiamo kitų socialinių mokslų poveikio. Socialinių mokslų integracija parodė administracinei teisei neregėtą naują tyrinėjimų plotmę, kadangi jie padeda atskleisti naujų ir pakitusių visuomeninių santykių turinį, taip administracinei teisėkūrai nubrėžiant naujas gaires ir suteikiant galimybę savo normoms priartėti prie realiai susiklosčiusių visuomeninių santykių. Šiame darbe nagrinėjama administracinės teisės ir kitų socialinių mokslų sąveika, poreikis ir perspektyvos. / Today Lithuania is experiencing complicated and contradictory period of social, economical and legal changes as other post-soviet states. Lithuania deals with problems it has not experienced before. A new legal basis is created on legal norms which are not confirmed in practices. Also every moment changing public relations require constant work on legal norms in administrative law. Social-economical development of state in post-soviet period requires new governance forms, effective decisions. However, constant improvement of legal doctrines and creation of new ideas did not solve existing problems, because every arising problem was tried to be solved just in legal means, closing up from other social science’s impact. The integration of social science has shown administrative law as a new social research, which helps to improve a new process of public relations, legal administrative law and come up with legal norms by real public relations. Administrative law’s and other social science’s interaction, requirements and perspectives are analyzed in this work.

The present study has the objective of limit the basic content of the human dignity principle, with the analysis of the dogmatic, doctrin and the jurisprudence about the theme. From a historic research about the constitucional principle, the writer will limit it s content and specifications in the brazilian constitucional law. We will study the limits, specially from the jurisprudence, when in confrontation with other principles. At this point, the possibility of considerate the human dignity has the important function of strenght the juridical caracter and not only programatic of the human dignity and it s content. We will also focus on the minimal content of human dignity that, if not observed, the Judiciary shall act. After all, the study will approach possibilities to the effectiveness of the principle at it s maximum point, specially face of the costs of rights, that, many times, are only frivolous argument used by state, trying to justify it s unlawful breach of the Constitution. / O presente estudo tem por objetivo delimitar o conteúdo básico do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, mediante as análises dogmática, doutrinária e da casuística no tocante ao tema proposto. A partir de um esboço histórico acerca do princípio constitucional, traçaremos seu conteúdo e especificações no seio da ordem constitucional brasileira. Serão estudados os limites, especialmente decorrentes da práxis jurisprudencial, quando em confronto com outros princípios. Neste ponto, a possibilidade de se ponderar a dignidade da pessoa humana tem o importante mister de fortalecer o caráter jurídico e não meramente programático do princípio constitucional bem como de seu conteúdo. Frisaremos, ainda, o mínimo intangível da dignidade humana, que, se descumprido, não poderá ser tido como aplicado o preceito constitucional, devendo o Judiciário intervir para a proteção do cidadão no caso concreto. Ademais, serão abordadas possibilidades para a efetivação do princípio em seu grau máximo, mormente frente à reserva do possível, que muitas vezes não passa de um argumento frívolo utilizado pelo Estado na tentativa de justificar seu ilegítimo descumprimento aos preceitos mais caros à Constituição.

Au stade de leur entrée en vigueur, la valeur des actes juridiques est essentiellement formelle. Cette force n'est cependant pas immuable. Divers mécanismes sont susceptibles de conférer aux actes juridiques une nouvelle valeur fonction de leur caractère (ou nature). Ce caractère repose sur une distribution des compétences matérielles entre les organes habilités à édicter des actes juridiques de portée générale. Ainsi, la prise en compte du critère matériel amène à reconsidérer la valeur des actes juridiques et de leurs dispositions. Le reclassement étudie les modalités par lesquelles les actes juridiques acquièrent une force autre que celle dont ils étaient initialement pourvus.De façon générale, la transmutation de l'acte juridique est due à une incompétence positive signalée, parfois rectifiée, mais non censurée par le juge : la délégalisation, le reclassement des « neutrons organiques », le reclassement des actes nationaux empiétant sur les compétences des institutions d'outre-mer, etc. Certains mécanismes de reclassement sont institués – la ratification des ordonnances –, d'autres sont incidents – les renvois organiques –. Les conséquences du reclassement constituent l'essentiel de l'étude. La valeur juridique détermine le régime applicable à chaque acte. Mais les instrumenta peuvent n'être que partiellement reclassés. Dans ce cas, chaque disposition est pourvue d'une force juridique propre. Après le reclassement de l'acte, l'autorité d'édiction perd sa compétence de modification et d'abrogation. Le régime contentieux de l'acte reclassé est remanié. L'étude du reclassement éclaire la distinction entre la valeur des sources formalisées et la valeur des normes juridiques, c'est-à-dire, de leurs significations prescriptives. / The instrumenta takes effect with legal force that is not immutable. Various mechanisms may give new strength to these legal acts and their provisions. These new strengths are then altered according to its distribution among the establishments empowered to enact legal measures of general application. This force is often determined by a distribution of material powers between the bodies empowered to pass legal acts of general application. This sharing is accomplished by various texts such as the Constitution or organic legislation. If the value of the acts are essentially formal at the stage of their entry into force, taking into account the material criterion this would lead to the reconsideration of their strength. Their reclassification is the process of studying the ways in which the legal acts acquire another force than they were originally filled.Generally, the transmutation of the legal act is not invalid due to incompetence, but simply corrected by the judge: the delegalisation and reclassification of neutral organic acts; the reclassification of national acts encroaching on the powers of the institutions of overseas, etc. Some reclassification mechanisms are instituted - the ratification of orders - and others are incidents - organic references - the consequences of the reclassification constitute the bulk of the study. The value determines the legal regime applicable to each act. But the Instrumenta may be only partially reclassified. In this case, each provision is provided with its own legal force. After reclassification, the enactment of authority loses its modification of skills and repeal the act (or its provisions). Sue to the act being reclassified, the litigation regime is overhauled. These theoretical implications are nonetheless not always observed in practice. The study of the reclassification and litigation that is generated confirms the distinction between the value of formal sources and the value of legal norms, in other words, their prescriptive meanings.

Few topics of discussion within international human rights law are as riddled with confusion as that concerning the legal status or normative significance of the United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies and their work. The treaty bodies, in its work, generate a form of jurisprudence – a body of norms and directives about how state parties ought to act in order to comply fully with the treaties. The prevailing issue within the legal practice and academic debate is often presented as a dilemma: are the norms generated by the treaty bodies binding or not? This paper takes a somewhat different approach, arguing that the treaty bodies’ normative output, all the while legal in nature, is best understood as non-binding, yet maintain the function of giving the states parties to the respective treaties reasons for action. Thus, discarding with the binary ‘grammar’ defended by some of the leading international law scholars, where law equals binding and obligatory, and non-binding and non-obligatory equals non-law. Instead, this paper suggest a third option which better fits the actual function that treaty body output serves within the practice of international human rights law. Also, since the resulting norms do not have binding force, the requirement of state consent should be proportionally weakened, giving rise to the possibility that the state may be subject to legal norms without its consent.

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2018-04-24T17:56:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Damísio Mangueira da Silva.pdf: 2526522 bytes, checksum: 44d5fffbe517d05d63cdea9d32f68bdc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T17:56:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Damísio Mangueira da Silva.pdf: 2526522 bytes, checksum: 44d5fffbe517d05d63cdea9d32f68bdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / O presente estudo trata de uma análise histórica e normativa sobre os instrumentos utilizados para a preservação do patrimônio cultural material e imaterial do município de Triunfo, no estado da Paraíba. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa analisou-se a legislação de todas as esferas de governo sobre o tema, focando, ao final e de forma mais aprofundada, nos dispositivos existentes ou que podem ser desenvolvidos no município em questão para, além de preservar o patrimônio que representa a história do município, que tem grande relação com a religiosidade, incentivar a população local a ter maior conhecimento sobre suas origens, fortalecendo sua identidade. O objetivo do estudo demonstra a importância da preservação do patrimônio cultural na formação da identidade da população. Para tanto, utilizou-se a investigação documental e o método dialético para coletar e analisar os dados que compõem a pesquisa. Acrescentando ainda função social a finalidade dessa pesquisa, também são apresentadas propostas sobre dispositivos legais ou ações que podem ser adotadas para incentivar ou manter a preservação do patrimônio histórico, como a criação de um Conselho Municipal de Defesa do Patrimônio, a modificação do Plano Diretor para maior eficácia na preservação patrimonial, maneiras diferenciadas de incentivo fiscal para proprietários de bens com valor cultural e programa de educação e conscientização cultural. Demonstrase, assim, a importância de os gestores municipais e de toda a sociedade ter consciência da relevância da preservação do patrimônio cultural diante da identidade cultural da população, garantindo-lhes os meios de acesso ao conhecimento sobre suas origens. / The present study deals with a historical and normative analysis on the instruments used for the preservation of the material and immaterial cultural patrimony of the municipality of Triunfo, in the state of Paraíba. In the development of the research the legislation of all spheres of government on the subject was analyzed, focusing, in the end and in more depth, on the existing devices or that can be developed in the municipality in question to, besides preserving the patrimony that represents the history of the municipality, which has great relationship with religiosity, encourage the local population to have greater knowledge about its origins, strengthening its identity. The objective of the study demonstrates the importance of the preservation of the cultural patrimony in the formation of the identity of the population. In order to do so, we used documentary research and the dialectical method to collect and analyze the data that compose the research. In addition to the social purpose of this research, proposals are also presented on legal provisions or actions that may be adopted to encourage or maintain the preservation of historical heritage, such as the creation of a Municipal Heritage Defense Council, modification of the Master Plan for greater effectiveness in heritage preservation, differentiated ways of fiscal incentives for property owners with cultural value, and education and cultural awareness programs. It is thus demonstrated the importance of municipal managers and society as a whole to be aware of the importance of preserving cultural heritage in the face of the cultural identity of the population, guaranteeing them the means to access knowledge about their origins.

This study examines the work of road freight transport driver in relation to the Czech and EU legal norms and standards in Czech Republic in place in 2011. The theoretical part outlines the responsibilities of drivers, especially the motor vehicle documentation, scheduling and planning of the working time on the road, stacking and securing of the freight and, duties and responsibilities during accidents in relation to the above mentioned legal framework. All this is then related to the roadside checks that constitute a commonly used control mechanism. The analytical part consists of a one-company case study; it examines the routines and general duties of the road freight drivers of one Czech freight company using surveys and interviews with the drivers focusing on their knowledge of Czech and EU legal norms. The conclusion then summarizes the results with the aim of shedding light on how the legal norms shape the working condition of Czech professional road freight drivers.