Title: Pattern matching in compilers Author: Ondřej Bílka Department: Department of Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Jan Hubička, Department of Applied Mathematics Abstract: In this thesis we develop tools for effective and flexible pattern matching. We introduce a new pattern matching system called amethyst. Amethyst is not only a generator of parsers of programming languages, but can also serve as an alternative to tools for matching regular expressions. Our framework also produces dynamic parsers. Its intended use is in the context of IDE (accurate syntax highlighting and error detection on the fly). Amethyst offers pattern matching of general data structures. This makes it a useful tool for implement- ing compiler optimizations such as constant folding, instruction scheduling, and dataflow analysis in general. The parsers produced are essentially top-down parsers. Linear time complexity is obtained by introducing the novel notion of structured grammars and reg- ularized regular expressions. Amethyst uses techniques known from compiler optimizations to produce effective parsers. Keywords: Packrat parsing, dynamic parsing, structured grammars, functional programming 1

L’analyse des dépêches des agences de presse française (AFP) et espagnole (EFE) à l’aide du logiciel libre IRaMuTeQ permet de visualiser, d’une part la macrostructure qui montre une convergence entre les deux corpus, et d’autre part des microstructures qui distinguent des traitements spécifiques par les agences des deux pays, associant une classification du vocabulaire et une comparaison interprétative des structures lexicales, révèle une focalisation différente : lorsque l’AFP établit une distinction entre les aspects économiques (contexte mondial) et politiques (contexte national), l’EFE l’aborde davantage comme un problème politique en lien direct avec l’économie nationale et l’Europe. L’impact du vécu de la crise sur le discours médiatique est confirmé par une dernière analyse de la dimension chronologique qui révèle, dans les deux cas, l’impact d’un changement électoral. L’approche textométrique permet donc de reconstruire une histoire à partir des relations existantes entre textes, co-textes et contextes, c’est-à-dire entre les évènements socio-historiques, les producteurs de discours médiatiques et des structures lexicales formalisées. / The analysis of the news from the French Agency (AFP) and the Spanish (EFE) allows visualizing, on the one hand, a convergence in the macroestructure of the corpus and, on the other hand, a specific treatment of each country in the microstructure, a deeper analysis, combining a classification of vocabulary and an interpretive comparison of lexical structures, reveals a different focusing: while the AFP makes a distinction between the economic aspects (global context) and political ones (national context), the EFE takes it up more strenuously as a political issue directly related to the national economy and Europe. These results have been obtained with the help of the software IRaMuTeQ. The impact of the experience of the crisis on the media discourse is confirmed by the final analyses of the chronological dimension which reveals, in south cases, the impact of an electoral change. The use of textometric approach allows us the building of the story with the relations among the texts, the co-texts and the contexts, that is, among the socio-historical events, the producers of the media discourse and the lexical structures used.

Cette thèse traite des fonds d’Investissement Socialement Responsables (ISR) français. D’après la Théorie Moderne du Portefeuille leur performance devrait être inférieure à celle des fonds traditionnels. Cependant des recherches antérieures présentent des résultats contradictoires. Nous choisissons de faire appel à la Resource Based View (RBV) pour interpréter cette incohérence entre théorie et pratique.Nous employons une méthodologie qualitative exploratoire, combinant des entretiens avec une analyse lexicale. Nous validons quantitativement une partie de nos résultats qualitatifs en modélisant la performance d’un fonds ISR par rapport à son indice de référence à l’aide d’une régression linéaire multiple. En se basant sur notre grille de lecture nous pensons avoir identifié deux ressources stratégiques à la disposition des fonds ISR, transformées en avantage compétitif par le biais de deux leviers stratégiques. Les deux ressources sont la compétence du gérant du fonds ISR et la subvention indirecte des frais du fonds ISR par leur Société de Gestion de Portefeuille (SGP). Les deux leviers sont la disposition de la SGP à la différentiation et l’apprentissage organisationnel à l’intérieur de la SGP.Notre recherche présente un triple apport : pour les universitaires, elle offre un cadre théorique alternatif au MEDAF qui expliquerait mieux la performance erratique des fonds ISR ; pour les praticiens, elle nous permet de faire des propositions aux fonds ISR concernant leur organisation ; pour les consommateurs, elle décortique les fonds ISR dans leurs composantes, leur proposant un aperçu non-conventionnel de leurs fonctionnements et leurs motivations. / The focal interest of this doctoral thesis is French Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) funds. According to Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) their performance should be inferior to “traditional” fund performance. The results from previous research however have been contradicting; we have thus chosen to make use of the Resource Based View (RBV) in order to interpret this incoherency between theory and practice and shed some light into the complex interactions that govern their behavior.We approach the field using an exploratory qualitative methodology, combining interviews with lexical analysis. We validate part of our qualitative results quantitatively through a multiple linear regression of SRI funds’ performance relative to their benchmark. Based on our framework, we believe we have identified two strategic resources available to SRI funds, leveraged into competitive advantage by two drivers. The two resources are the fund manager’s competency and the indirect subsidizing of the fund’s fees by its Asset Management (AM) company. The two drivers are the tendency of AM companies to diversify their services and organizational learning inside AM companies.Our research should appeal to three types of readers: researchers, since RBV offers a more compelling (as per Occam’s Razor) interpretation of SRI funds’ erratic performance than MPT; managers, since it enables us to formulate proposals for SRI funds’ organization; and laymen, since it breaks down SRI funds to their components, offering a rarely seen view of their inner workings and ulterior motivations.

A problem with automatic tagging and lexical analysis is that it is never 100 % accurate. In order to arrive at better figures, one needs to study the character of what is left untagged by automatic taggers. In this paper untagged residue outputted by the automatic analyser SWETWOL (Karlsson 1992) at Helsinki is studied. SWETWOL assigns tags to words in Swedish texts mainly through dictionary lookup. The contents of the untagged residue files are described and discussed, and possible ways of solving different problems are proposed. One method of tagging residual output is proposed and implemented: the left-stripping method, through which untagged words are bereaved their left-most letters, searched in a dictionary, and if found, tagged according to the information found in the said dictionary. If the stripped word is not found in the dictionary, a match is searched in ending lexica containing statistical information about word classes associated with that particular word form (i.e., final letter cluster, be this a grammatical suffix or not), and the relative frequency of each word class. If a match is found, the word is given graduated tagging according to the statistical information in the ending lexicon. If a match is not found, the word is stripped of what is now its left-most letter and is recursively searched in a dictionary and ending lexica (in that order). The ending lexica employed in this paper are retrieved from a reversed version of Nusvensk Frekvensordbok (Allén 1970), and contain endings of between one and seven letters. The contents of the ending lexica are to a certain degree described and discussed. The programs working according to the principles described are run on files of untagged residual output. Appendices include, among other things, LISP source code, untagged and tagged files, the ending lexica containing one and two letter endings and excerpts from ending lexica containing three to seven letters.

This thesis deals with design of scripting language, especially specified for effective image processing. Introduction of this thesis is focused on studying and also appropriation of methodology of compilers and interpreters design, include their following application in design of the scripting language and as well its interpreter. Another point of my work is showing the methods of design and implementation of the interpreter including automated methods used in the design of the implemented program. Next part deals with description of structure and implementation of the designed program, intended for generating compiler of any language which is described in input of this program. The conclusion of this work is more detailing description of the scripting language design; its implementation is based on the methods mentioned before.

The major objective of this thesis is to conduct complex grammatical and lexical analysis of the Chinese language textbook by N. A. Speshnev Vvedenye v kitayskiy yazik. Results of the analysis are compared with textbook written by Oldrich Svarny Introduction to the Study of colloquial Chinese (Uvod do studia hovorove cinstiny) and A Frequency Dictionary of Modern Chinese. Analysis and comparison results serve as a basis for evaluating the coverage of basic vocabulary and grammar used in Speshnev's textbook and its suitability for first-year students of Sinology. The results of lexical analysis include a list of all lexical items used in the textbook, as well as the information on their grammatical function characteristics, meanings, usage and frequency. Grammatical analysis results provide an overview of all grammatical constructions and features that are present in the textbook. Important part of grammatical analysis is introduction of comprehensive view on individual grammar features and comparison of their various perceptions in different grammatical systems. In conclusion, the positives and negatives of Speshnev textbook are evaluated and new suggestions to its use in complex language teaching are presented. Key words Chinese, colloquial Chinese, Chinese grammar, grammatical analysis, lexical...

The Apocryphal Gospel of Bartholomew in the Slavonic Tradition (Martina Chromá) Abstract The thesis deals with the Slavonic translation of the apocryphal Gospel of Bartholomew (Questions of Bartholomew), which is a literary monument written in Greek most likely in the 3rd century. The text of the monument has survived in two known Greek, two Latin and six Slavonic manuscripts. These Slavonic manuscripts are dated between the 14th - 18th centuries, with two of them pertaining to the Russian redaction of the Old Church Slavonic and the other two to the Serbian redaction. The objective of the thesis is to identify the most probable place and time assignment of the original Slavonic translation of the monument, and an outline of lines by which the manuscripts were spread in the Slavonic environment. By a detailed textological and lexical analysis we come to the conclusion that all the Slavonic manuscripts containing the text of the monument stemmed from one common archetype originated most likely in Bulgaria during the 10th century. The Slavonic translation was later moved from Bulgaria to Kievan Rusʼ, where the manuscripts were further spread and where the text of the monument was adjusted; this is how the manuscripts can be divided into two separate redactions. The manuscripts were also spread from Russia to...

This work deals with syntax analysis problems based on multi-generation. The basic idea is to create computer program, which transforms one input string to n -1 output strings. An Input of this program is some plain text file created by user, which contains n grammar rules. Just one grammar from the input file is marked as an input grammar and others n -1 grammars are output grammars. This program creates list of used input grammar rules for an input string and uses corresponding output grammar rules for the creation of n -1 output strings. The program is written in C++ and Bison

The goal of this dissertation is to implement an application for ASP to ASPX conversion. The ASP pages should be written in the VBScript language, the target language for ASPX will be C#. The application is developed on the .NET platform. The conversion process should be automatic. There should be no need to alter the converted files by a programmer. The first part of this dissertation introduces the whole problematic. It shows also current solutions. The next part is the analysis and the design of the application itself. The main part of this dissertation is the VBScript grammar conversion, problems while conversion and its solving.

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