En esta tesis doctoral se retoma un problema de interés real, como es la detección de agrupaciones de puntos -que denominamos rasgos- en imágenes digitalizadas, que se encuentran en compañía de otros puntos que no son de interés, a estos los denominamos ruido. Se pretende separar y clasificar. Las últimas aportaciones hechas en este campo, se dirigen a considerar ausencia de modelo de probabilidad que originó la distribución espacial de los puntos en la imagen, utilizándose distancias al k-ésimo vecino más cercano, haciendo variar el valor de k y utilizando el algoritmo EM. Otros trabajos, que sirven como punto departida, definen funciones locales que recogen características de segundo orden alrededor de cada individuo. Uniendo estas dos ideas, ¿por qué no aplicar y calcular vectores de funciones LISA asociadas a cada individuo, que recojan características de segundo orden, por tanto de agregación del patrón puntual, y clasificar funciones en rasgo y ruido, que al hacer corresponder con los puntos originales éstos queden clasificados?. Esta es la motivación de la tesis doctoral y el desarrollo es el proceso que se ha seguido hasta obtener resultados satisfactorios. En particular, la tesis comienza con un capitulo sobre los conceptos básicos en procesos puntuales espaciales. Continua presentando las técnicas hasta ahora utilizadas para posteriormente desarrollar la metodología necesaria sobre funciones LISA individuales de segundo orden. Se presentan dos capítulos, basados en estudios de simulación y casos reales, en los que se analizan los métodos multivariantes de escalamiento multidimensional y cluster, así como distintos tipos de distancias entre funciones LISA.

[pt] O presente trabalho analisa a transferência de calor e a perda de carga em escoamento turbulento através das regiões anulares lisas e aletadas. Os coeficientes de transferência de calor foram obtidos experimentalmente, utilizando-se a teoria de trocadores de calor. Também foram determinados os coeficientes de perda de carga associados a cada uma das geometrias analisadas. Os experimentos foram realizados em um trocador de calor bi-tubular concêntrico. Água (fluído quente) escoava através do tubo interno, enquanto ar (fluido frio) fluía através da região anular. Medindo-se as vazões e temperaturas na entrada e saída da seção de teste do trocador de calor, obtém-se a efetividade da mesma e, consequentemente, o coeficiente global de transferência de calor (médio). As condições de contorno adotadas foram de temperatura uniforme na superfície externa do tubo interno e de isolamento térmico na superfície externa do tubo interno e de isolamento térmico na superfície externa da região anular. Com o objetivo de obter-se condições de escoamento completamente desenvolvido, o trocador de calor possui um comprimento, a montante da seção de testes, de aproximadamente trinta diâmetros hidráulicos. Os coeficientes de transferência de calor e de perda de carga são apresentados de forma adimensional, como função do número de Reynolds do escoamento, os resultados obtidos para as regiões anulares lisas e aletadas são comparados entre si. O propósito de tal comparação foi o de estudar a influencia das aletas na perda de carga e na taxa de transferência de calor. No caso das regiões aletadas, verifica-se que a eficiência das aletas influencia a transferência de calor. Deste modo, realizou-se uma análise bi-dimensional de transferência de calor nas aletas para obter-se a eficiência das mesmas e, consequentemente, a eficiência das regiões aletadas. Também é mostrado que o desempenho térmico da região depende principalmente do número de Nusselt e da eficiência da mesma. Tais parâmetros são apresentados, em última análise, como funções do número de Reynolds e da geometria do problema. / [en] The present work is concerned with the turbulent heat transfer and pressure drop in smooth and finned annular ducts. Average heat transfer coeeficients have been obtained by means of the heat exchanger theory. In addition, friction factors have also been determined. The experiments were performed by utiling four double-pipe heat exchangers. The average heat transfer coefficients, for air flowing in the annular section, were fertmined by measuring the overall heat transfer coefficients of the heat exchangers. In order to aatain fully developed conditions, the heat exchangers had a starting length of 30 hydrualic diameters. The thermal boundary conditions consisted of uniform temperature on the inner surface, the outer surface being insulate. The heat transfer coefficients and friction factors are presented in dimensinless forms, as functions of the Reynolds number of the fow. The results for smooth and finned annular ducts were compared. The purpose of such comparison was to study the influence of the fins on the pressure drop and heat transfer rate. In the case of the finned annular ducts, it is shown that fin efficiency has some influence on the heat transfer rates. Then a two-dimensional heat transfer analysis was performed in order to obtain the fin efficiency and the annular region efficiency. It is also shown that the overall thermal performance of finned surfaces depends mainly of the Nusselt number and on the region efficiency. These parameters are presented as functiond of the Reynolds number of the flow and the geometry of the problem.

La Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP es el ente encargado de supervisar las empresas del sistema financiero, cuyo objetivo es proteger la salud de dicho sistema y los intereses de los ahorristas, sin embargo esto último no se verifica necesariamente cuando una entidad del sistema financiero entra en proceso liquidatorio. El proceso de crisis bancaria tiene dos etapas, en la cual la medida de intervención es bastante fuerte. El autor explica y muestra mediante casos, el resultado de los procesos liquidatorios mediante la aplicación del esquema tradicional o “Liquidación lisa y llana”.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:03:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Diorgenes C de Oliveira.pdf: 4985818 bytes, checksum: 3bb65a23267322ba684300f2b7486ab1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-17 / The structural behavior and the ultimate punching shear resistance of internal reinforced concrete flat slab-column connections, with one hole adjacent to the column, with or without flexural moment transfer of the slab to the column was investigated. Main variables were: the existence whether or not hole, flexural reinforcement layout and ratio, the direction and sense of the moment transferred and the eccentricity of the load (M (moment transferred to column) / V (shear)) ratio at the connection - 0,50 m or 0,25 m. Seven internal slab-column joining were tested and ultimate loads, cracking, deflections, concrete and reinforcement strains were analyzed. The existence of hole adjacent to the smaller column dimension, the hole dimension, flexural reinforcement rate and placing, the variation of relation Mu/Vu in function of the load, and, than, of eccentricity of the load, influenced the slabs behavior and rupture load. These influences were quantified. Test results were compared with the estimations from CEB-FIP/MC1990, EC2/2004, ACI-318:2005 and NBR 6118:2003. ACI and EC2 presented most conservative estimates, although have presented some non conservative estimates. Brazilian NBR, even though being partly based in EC2, presented smaller conservative estimates and more non conservative estimates. A modification on all codes is proposed for taking in account the moment caused by the eccentricity at the critical perimeter for slabs with holes. / São investigados o comportamento estrutural e a resistência última à punção de ligações laje-pilar de regiões internas das lajes lisas, com um furo adjacente ao pilar, e com ou sem transferência de momento fletor da laje ao pilar. As principais variáveis foram: a existência ou não de furo, a taxa e a distribuição da armadura de flexão, a direção e o sentido do momento transferido e a excentricidade de carga (relação M(momento transferido ao pilar)/V(força cortante)) na ligação, igual a 0,50 m ou 0,25 m. Foram ensaiadas 7 (sete) ligações internas laje-pilar e analisados os resultados das cargas últimas, fissuração, deslocamento vertical, deformações das armaduras de flexão e do concreto. A existência de furo adjacente ao menor lado do pilar, a taxa e a distribuição da armadura de flexão, a variação da relação Mu/Vu em função do carregamento, e, por conseguinte, da excentricidade, influenciaram o comportamento e a carga de ruptura das lajes. Essas influências foram quantificadas. Os resultados experimentais foram comparados com os estimados pelas normas: CEB-FIP/MC1990, EC2/2004, ACI-318:2005 e NBR 6118:2003. O ACI e o EC2 apresentaram estimativas mais conservadoras, embora tenham apresentado algumas estimativas contra a segurança. A NBR 6118:2003, apesar de baseada em parte no EC2, apresentou estimativas menos conservadoras e com um número maior de estimativas contra a segurança. Recomenda-se que todas as normas passem a considerar o momento causado pela excentricidade do perímetro crítico em lajes com furos e, neste sentido, foram apresentadas propostas de modificações para todas as normas estudadas.

My partner Zoë was killed in October 2013. We worked together as arts educators, mostly with people involved in the Canadian mental healthcare system. This thesis explores social conceptions of madness, drawing on theorists such as Tobin Siebers, Sara Ahmed, Lynne Huffer and Ann Cvetkovich, and engaging with works of art by people who have been involved in mental healthcare in some way. There is a simultaneous exploration of my process of grieving Zoë's death, drawing on the tradition of autocritique by writers such as bell hooks, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, and others. Chapter one looks at poetry produced by the Workman Arts Group and a zine by Anna Quon, investigating the impact of diagnoses of mental illness on the reception of art and artists, as well as the history of silencing and confinement of mad bodies. Chapter two explores the memoirs of Bobby Baker and Merri Lisa Johnson, emphasizing the impact of diagnosis on those not already marginalized by society, and drawing attention to the kinds of communities that memoirs produce, as well as the connection between community, capitalism, and the grievability of life. Chapter three looks at the paintings, performance art and installations of Yayoi Kusama to complicate the connection between madness and celebrity power, as well as Kusama's own engagement with death and infinity. I conclude by looking briefly at the deaths of Michael Brown and Robin Williams, and again at my own grief one year after Zoë's death. / Thesis / Master of English

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Gravitational waves detection is a challenging scientific objective, faced by scientist in the last 100 years, when Einstein theorized their existence. Despite multiple attempts, it was only in 2016 that the first observation of a gravitational wave was officially announced. The observation, worth a Nobel Prize, was made possible thanks to a worldwide collaboration of three large ground-based detectors. When detecting gravitational waves from ground, the noisy environment limits the frequency bandwidth of the measurement. Thus, the type of cosmic events that are observable is also limited. For this reason, scientists are developing the first gravitational waves detector based in space, which is a much quieter environment, especially in the sub-Hertz bandwidth. The space-based detector is named laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) and its launch is planned for 2034. Due to the extreme complexity of the mission, involving several new technologies, a demonstrator of LISA was launched and operated between 2015 and 2017. The demonstrator mission, called LISA Pathfinder (LPF), had the objective to show the feasibility of the gravitational waves observation directly from space, by characterizing the noise affecting the relative acceleration of two free falling bodies in the milli-Hertz bandwidth. The mission was a success, proving the expected noise level is well below the minimum requirement. The free-falling bodies of LPF, called test masses (TMs), were hosted inside dedicated electrode housings (EH), located approximately 30 cm apart inside the spacecraft. When free falling, each TM stays approximately in the center of the EH, thus having milli-meter wide gaps within the housing walls. Due to the presence of such large gaps, the TMs were mechanically constrained by dedicated mechanisms (named CVM and GPRM) in order to avoid damaging the payload during the launch phase and were released into free fall once the spacecraft was in orbit. Prior to the start of the science phase, the injection procedure of the TMs into free-fall was started. Such a procedure brought each TM from being mechanically constrained to a state where it was electro-statically controlled in the center of the EH. Surprisingly, the mechanical separation of the release mechanism from the TM caused unexpected residual velocities, which were not controllable by the electrostatic control force responsible for capturing the TM once released. Therefore, both the TMs collided with either the surrounding housing walls or the release mechanism end effectors. It was possible to start the science phase by manually controlling the release mechanism adopting non-nominal injection strategies, which should not be applicable in LISA, due to the larger time lag. So, since any release mechanism malfunctioning may preclude the initialization of LISA science phase, the GPRM was extensively tested at the end of LPF, by means of a dedicated campaign of releases, involving several modifications to the nominal injection procedure. The data of the extended campaign are analyzed in this work and the main conclusion is that no optimal automated release strategy is found for the GPRM flight model as-built configuration that works reliably for both the TMs producing a nominal injection procedure. The analysis of the in-flight data is difficult since the gravitational referencesensor of LPF is not designed for such type of analysis. In particular, the low sampling frequency (i.e., 10 Hz) constitutes a limiting factor when detecting instantaneous events such as collisions of the TM. Despite the difficulties of extracting useful information on the TM residual velocity from the in-flight data, it is found that the main cause of the uncontrollable state of the released TM is the collision of the TM with the plunger, i.e., one of the end-effectors of the GPRM. It is shown that the impact is caused by the oscillation of the plunger or by the elastic relaxation of the initial preload force that holds the TM. At the end of the analysis, some improvements to the design of the release mechanism are brie y discussed, aimed at maximizing the probability of performing a successful injection procedure for the six TMs that will be used as sensing bodies in the LISA experiment.

Le texte suivant est une réflexion sur la création et la théorie derrière mon projet de maitrise appelé ‘Of course I love you, the flower said’. Cette installation, basée sur la littérature classique pour enfants, est composée de plusieurs éléments dont trois cabanes distinctes et un environnement qui les entoure. Cette installation a comme but d’entièrement transformer la salle d’exposition afin de créer une possibilité d’immersion pour le visiteur. Elle est de l’ordre du fantastique et de l’imaginaire et prend son point de départ dans la dualité entre l’enfance et l’état adulte. Chaque cabane présente un diffèrent type d’art à l’intérieur, notamment un surplus de dessins, une muraille et une projection d’images virtuelles. Ainsi chaque forme d’art, l’élément de la cabane et le jardin entourant sont discutés prenant en compte comme ensemble, ils créent l’effet d’immersion désirée. / The following text is a reflection on the creation and theory behind my master’s project titled ‘Of course I love you, the flower said’. This installation, based on classic literature for children, is composed of various elements such as distinct cabins and the environment around them and aims to entirely transform the gallery space in order to create a possibility of immersion for the viewer. The installation itself is of the order of the imaginative and the fantastic and has a starting point in the child-adult duality. Each cabin features a different type of art on the inside, namely a surplus of drawings, a mural and a projected slideshow of virtual images. Hence each of these different art-forms, alongside the element of the cabin and the outside ‘garden’, are discussed with special regards to how together, they achieve the aimed for immersion.

Responsible design practice should include environmental advocacy and a focus on community — subjects often lacking in design education. My creative project is the result of investigations into how designers integrate nature into their design process. By increasing their awareness for communal and environmental advocacy at the undergraduate level, students can develop responsible design practices at the beginning of their career. The result is the student's accumulation of integrity.

Set in 16th century Florence, Italy, "La Gioconda" takes you on the journey of Lisa del Gioconda, the woman behind one of the most recognized paintings in the world, The Mona Lisa. Married off at a young age, Lisa finds comfort in her secret love affair with Art. Her secret world crosses paths with an Art apprentice, Leonardo da Vinci, who takes her on as his student. Lisa tells her husband that she is at church praying while spending her afternoons with Da Vinci, mastering her craft and technique. A love affair begins to blossom and Lisa is forced to make a big decision in the end. Secrets begin to unravel including the truth behind Da Vinci's original painting of the Mona Lisa before it became what we all know it to be today.