My thesis analyses the oeuvre of the American writer Mary McCarthy (1912-1989), with the focus on the figure of the outsider looking in. McCarthy uses outsider figures in her texts as prisms through which distinctive historical moments as well as problems of gender, race and religion are studied against the backdrop of the changing climate of the American 'red' 1930s, the anxious '50s, and the late '60s torn by the Vietnam war. Examples of McCarthy's recurring protagonists are the New York Bohemian girl of the '30s in the predominantly male world marred by the Great Depression, the Jewish character stereotyped as the Other by the poorly hidden anti-Semitism of the American society of the early 1940s, and the orphan child exposed to adult cruelty, who finds her only solace in the Catholic religion. Their position of being outsiders who live in a society not their own by birthright, is shown to be crucial for their acquisition and knowledge of truth, and links insight to marginality, which is reinforced by McCarthy's technique of ironically detached observation, the 'cold eye' of her prose. McCarthy herself appears as an outsider character throughout her writing, both as the historical figure and as the protagonist of her autobiographies. Her self-image, shaped by her orphaned childhood and her youth as a Bohemian girl among leftist intellectuals, is subject to conflicting impulses of confession and concealment. McCarthy's wide use of autobiographical details in her fiction and elements of fiction in her autobiographies led most critics to study her work from a chiefly biographical point of view. My own approach to Mary McCarthy's writing takes their findings into consideration, and includes the analysis of the historical, political, and social contexts of McCarthy's texts, as well as the intertextual dialogue with a few select writings by McCarthy's contemporaries such as Philip Roth and Sylvia Plath.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-11-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:44:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ask_cca_dr_assis.pdf: 1033732 bytes, checksum: 63cf4cc3313aa02c9d461c59cd883799 (MD5) / Secretaria de Estado de Educação de São Paulo / Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma leitura dos contos da autora escocesa Muriel Spark, nos quais a importância das práticas narrarativas se manifesta como a característica mais evidente: a estrutura narrativa e as construções significativas agem em favor da expressão de um modo de estar no mundo e, mais regularmente, representam também o grande desafio que a leitura poderá abrigar ao tratar das personagens, em especial as femininas. No entanto, é necessária a identificação das referências que constituem os mundos ficcionais, geralmente atreladas à realidade e à proposição de novas formas de inteligibilidade. Em geral, estas formas estão implícitas no texto e cabe às leitoras e aos leitores acessá-las; para que isto ocorra, devemos reconhecer que estrutura narrativa e caracterização de personagens encontram-se intrinsecamente relacionadas. Por meio dos contos sparkianos, é possível ter uma ampla visão da obra da autora e, ao mesmo tempo, das práticas e experiências das mulheres historicamente situadas. Assim, a tese que defendemos é a de que os contos de Muriel Spark, com base nas construções significativas presentes no texto, permitem um diálogo entre o texto e a realidade sob o enfoque da personagem feminina. Servindo-se das referências adequadas, a leitura dos contos sparkianos pode contribuir para a compreensão das formas de interação das mulheres em seu próprio grupo e com o grupo dos homens / This study aims to perform a reading of the short stories of Scottish author Muriel Spark, in which the importance of the narrative practices manifests itself as their most evident feature: the narrative structure and the building of significances may favor the expression of a mode of being in the world and, more regularly, they also represent the great challenge that reading can accommodate concerning the characters, especially the female ones. However, it is necessary to identify the references that constitute the fictional worlds, usually tied to reality and proposing new forms of intelligibility. In general, these forms are implicit in the text and it is a readers’ task to access them; for this to occur, we must recognize that narrative structure and characterization are intrinsically linked. Through the sparkian characters it is possible to get a broad overview of the work of the author and, at the same time, the practices and experiences of women historically situated. Thus, the thesis we defend is that the stories written by Muriel Spark, based on significant buildings in the text, enable a dialogue between text and reality from the perspective of female characters. With the appropriate references, the reading of those sparkian short stories can contribute to the understanding of the ways by which women interact within their own group and with the male group

Esta dissertação aborda a teatralidade da palavra poética em Paranoia, primeiro livro de poemas de Roberto Piva, publicado no início dos anos 1960. Não se trata de poesia dramática, mas de poemas endereçados a uma assistência, operando nos limites entre Lírica e Épica, poesia e prosa oratória. A teatralidade do orador-declamador frente a um auditório está inscrita no texto, através de recursos como apóstrofes, anáforas, enumerações, o uso de paralelismos linguísticos, narrativas de forte teor imagético, efeitos de amplificação, paradoxos. Os poemas configuram-se, em grande parte, como caminhadas e reflexões de um sujeito lírico pela metrópole paulistana em meados do século XX, reconstituídas em chave onírica, sob o pathos da paranoia. Este sujeito é acometido por visões, que compõe um painel de acento épico de seu lugar e seu tempo, através da reelaboração de tópicos barrocos como o mundo como teatro, o mundo como labirinto, o mundo como sonho e a loucura do mundo. / This dissertation approaches the theatricality of the poetic word in Paranoia, the first poetry book by Roberto Piva, published in the beginnings of the sixties on the XX century. It´s not about dramatic poetry, but poems adressed to an audience, dealing with the borders of Lyric and Epic, poetry and oratory prose. The theatricality of the public orator-declaimer in front of an audience is inscribed in the text, using resources like apostrophe, anaphora, enumeration, linguistic parallelism, narrative of strong imagetic content, amplification effect, paradox. The poems are shaped, mostly, as walks and meditations of a lyric subject on the metropolis of São Paulo city in the middle of the XX century, reconstructed on a onirical key, under the pathos of paranoia. This subject is assaulted by visions, which compose a pannel of epic content about his place and his time, through the reworking of baroque style topics, such as world as theatre, world as labyrinth, world as dream, and world\'s madness.

Orientador: Gilberto Figueiredo Martins / Banca: Luiz Roberto Velloso Cairo / Banca: Arnaldo Franco Júnior / Resumo: Busca-se, neste trabalho, apresentar um estudo sobre as obras Capão Pecado, Manual prático do ódio, Amanhecer Esmeralda, e Ninguém é inocente em São Paulo, de Reginaldo Ferreira da Silva, o Ferréz, pelo aspecto que nos parece mais determinante em relação à sua composição: o registro de temas e de recursos formais da chamada "nova literatura marginal", considerando-a inserida num estilo literário marcado pelo diálogo do discurso literário e de outros discursos originários de áreas de comunicação distintas, como a da atividade jornalística e da Sociologia, por exemplo; o estudo é ainda uma proposta de reflexão e de redefinição do conceito de literatura marginal, com base na produção de um estilo literário crítico das produções simbólicas hegemônicas na sociedade, localizado às margens de padrões estéticos (e ideológicos) da chamada literatura clássica ou tradicional / Abstract: This work seeks to introduce a study on the literary works Capão Pecado, Manual prático do ódio, Amanhecer Esmeralda and Ninguém é inocente em São Paulo, by Reginaldo Ferreira da Silva, the Ferréz, for the aspect which seems determinant in relation to its composition: themes and formal resources record from the called "new marginal literature", considering it inserted in a literary style featuring the dialog of literary discourse and other discourses from distinct communication areas, for instance the journalism and Sociology; the study still is a proposal of reflection and redefinition of the marginal literature concept, based on creating a critic literary style of the simbolic hegemonic productions in society, placed at the margins of aesthetic (and ideologic) patterns of the called classic or traditional literature / Mestre

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / nÃo hà / O presente trabalho procura analisar a dinÃmica do sistema literÃrio nacional, nos termos desenvolvido por Antonio Candido, a partir de uma provÃncia distante dos grandes centros hegemÃnicos do paÃs, durante o perÃodo de 1856 a 1930. Objetiva-se verificar como os projetos nacionais do Romantismo, do Naturalismo e do Modernismo se comportaram diante das especificidades histÃricas que formaram o campo literÃrio no CearÃ. A tese recorta uma produÃÃo poÃtica e romanesca do perÃodo em tela que, de algum modo, se vincularam estritamente Ãs circunstÃncias locais, mas que ao mesmo tempo se integravam aos pressupostos do nacionalismo oitocentista e, posteriormente, Ãs tendÃncias mais conservadoras do Modernismo. Em contraponto ao corpus literÃrio, o trabalho utiliza uma gama de outras fontes, como cartas, poemas populares, mapas, crÃnicas, estatÃsticas, textos memorialÃsticos etc, a fim de propiciar ao leitor uma dimensÃo mais exata do lugar da literatura na totalidade cultural da regiÃo e do paÃs. / This thesis aims at analyzing the dynamics of the National literary system according to Antonio Candidoâs terms, from a distant province far from big hegemonic centers of the country, embracing the periods of 1856 to 1930. It focuses on observing how such movements as Romanticism, Naturalism and Modernism structured themselves within the historical particularities which were configuring the field of literature in CearÃ. An amount of poetic and romantic production from the above mentioned period, which is somehow closely connected to local circumstances, was selected in this thesis; however, such production was, at the same time, integrated 18th century assumptions concerning nationalism and, afterwards, if was attuned to more conservatives tendencies of Modernism. As opposed to the literary corpus, it is used a range of another sources, such as letters, popular poems, maps, articles, statistics, memoirs etc. to the purpose of supplying the reader with a more accurate dimension regarding the place of literature in the whole of the culture of the region and also of the country.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcelo Brice Assis Noronha.pdf: 1330295 bytes, checksum: d7899e1314dbb1f4c71a6c60186e778e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / The work of Machado de Assis informs critical questions about the fundamentals of literary discourse, philosophical, sociological and historical context in which it is surrounded by the links between artistic expression and social reality that shaped a world view particular gap in the ratings generalizing, but powered by tradition and a creative attempt to exceed the expectations of literary second mid-nineteenth century Brazil. Inserts accustomed to the theoretical debate about the format knowledge that can be attributed to situations reinforced by Machado de Assis provide a motivation for the sociology of literature. This work is conducted through exposure voltage subtle and powerful integrated male in the relationship between criticism and achievement. The identification and dialogue between events, literature and destinations closed the debate about the notion of representation of reality given by some of the ways modern social thought stand out in Brazil and the interest shown here. The way of understanding and representation of reality that is structured in the areas of symbolic dissatisfaction and also finds support in relation to the emerging social artistic expression, making it a guide for the present work. In this sense, investigate how the narrative is concerned and engaged in a game of internal tensions and external to it, the responsibility to produce a real sense of reality and presentations also confuses the real that has been an inevitable question of interpretations of social life. We take the exhibition and interpretation of these issues as an object of considerations about the conception of man, knowledge and artistic competence articulated in thought and Machado de Assis, aspects thought to be forming a kind of knowledge about the social world. / A obra de Machado de Assis informa questões críticas sobre os fundamentos do discurso literário, filosófico, sociológico e histórico em que ela está envolta, através dos vínculos entre expressão artística e realidade social que forjaram uma visão de mundo particular, em distanciamento das classificações generalizantes, porém alimentada por uma tradição e tentativa criadoras que ultrapassam as expectativas literárias da segunda metade do século XIX brasileiro. As inserções teóricas afeitas ao debate sobre o formato do conhecimento que pode ser atribuído às situações reforçadas por Machado de Assis garantem uma motivação para a sociologia da literatura. Este trabalho se conduz através da exposição da tensão sutil e poderosa que Machado integra na relação entre crítica e realização. A identificação e o diálogo entre eventos, literaturas e destinos encerrados no debate acerca da noção de representação do real atribuída por algumas vias do pensamento social moderno se destacam no Brasil e nos interesses aqui apresentados. A forma de apreensão e representação do real que se estrutura nos âmbitos do simbólico encontra respaldos e também insatisfações na relação com o social que emerge na expressão artística, tornando-se guia para o trabalho que apresentamos. Nesse sentido, investigar como a narrativa se ocupa e se ocupou, em um jogo de tensões internas e externas a ela, da responsabilidade em produzir uma noção verdadeira da realidade e também das apresentações do real que o confunde tem sido uma questão inevitável das interpretações sobre a vida social. Tomamos a exposição e interpretação dessas questões como objeto das considerações a respeito da concepção de homem, conhecimento e competência artística articulada no pensamento e na literatura de Machado de Assis, para que sejam pensados aspectos formadores de um tipo de conhecimento sobre o mundo social.

Este trabalho pretende analisar o romance João Ternura, de Aníbal Machado, do ponto de vista das contradições entre os projetos ideológicos do primeiro Modernismo e os problemas trazidos pelo processo histórico nacional. No momento em que inicia a escrita de seu único romance, em 1926, Aníbal Machado partilha dos objetivos libertários e dos pressupostos ideológicos que animavam a vanguarda artística brasileira. Como, no entanto, o romance continua a ser escrito até 1964, é possível ver no movimento de sua forma um embate entre matéria narrativa e dinâmica histórica da nação. Tal conflito acaba por fazer com que protagonista e obra entrem em um processo de dissolução que os condena a subsistirem parcialmente inconclusos. A análise de João Ternura traz à tona uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades de constituição do Brasil como nação autônoma e independente / This work aims to analyze the novel João Ternura, by Aníbal Machado, in relation to the contradictions between the ideological project of early Brazilian Modernism and the problems of the national historical process. When he starts writing his only novel, in 1926, Aníbal Machado shares the libertarian goals and ideological assumptions of the Brazilian artistic avant-garde. However, as the novel continues to be written until 1964, the year of the military coup, its very form and style document the collision between the narrative material and the national historical process around it. These conflicts culminate in a process of dissolution that condemn both the novel and its protagonist to a state of inconclusiveness. Analyzing João Ternura brings to light reflections on the possibilities of Brazilian formation as an autonomous and independent nation

This thesis aims to provide a thematic analysis of the leading Hebrew dystopian texts in contemporary Israel and to present a broader context of utopian thought within which these texts are best understood. The research attempts to explore and examine how the various anxieties and fears of Israeli society are reflected upon in contemporary Hebrew dystopian novels and how the Israeli reality is transformed and re-imagined, by means of authors' thought experiments, in the selected narratives. Dystopian fiction is an extremely useful tool for cultural studies inasmuch as it constitutes a direct interaction with the contemporary culture in that it describes an entire society suffering from oppressive and disastrous conditions which grow out of certain real-world social, political, and economic trends. Zionist utopian fiction which sought to imagine a Jewish homeland waned soon after the creation of the State of Israel and the local realities set the narrative on a much darker and more pessimistic course. Today many Israeli authors project a dystopian and (post-) apocalyptic future from the present Israeli reality by examining the current cultural and political situation. The thesis is, then, also an exploration of how these dystopian narratives come to terms with the current Israeli reality and what...

Orientador: Cleide Antonia Rapucci / Banca: Susana Borneo Funck / Banca: Ivan Marcos Ribeiro / Banca: Maira A. Pandolfi / Banca: Márcio Roberto Pereira / Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma leitura dos contos da autora escocesa Muriel Spark, nos quais a importância das práticas narrarativas se manifesta como a característica mais evidente: a estrutura narrativa e as construções significativas agem em favor da expressão de um modo de estar no mundo e, mais regularmente, representam também o grande desafio que a leitura poderá abrigar ao tratar das personagens, em especial as femininas. No entanto, é necessária a identificação das referências que constituem os mundos ficcionais, geralmente atreladas à realidade e à proposição de novas formas de inteligibilidade. Em geral, estas formas estão implícitas no texto e cabe às leitoras e aos leitores acessá-las; para que isto ocorra, devemos reconhecer que estrutura narrativa e caracterização de personagens encontram-se intrinsecamente relacionadas. Por meio dos contos sparkianos, é possível ter uma ampla visão da obra da autora e, ao mesmo tempo, das práticas e experiências das mulheres historicamente situadas. Assim, a tese que defendemos é a de que os contos de Muriel Spark, com base nas construções significativas presentes no texto, permitem um diálogo entre o texto e a realidade sob o enfoque da personagem feminina. Servindo-se das referências adequadas, a leitura dos contos sparkianos pode contribuir para a compreensão das formas de interação das mulheres em seu próprio grupo e com o grupo dos homens / Abstract: This study aims to perform a reading of the short stories of Scottish author Muriel Spark, in which the importance of the narrative practices manifests itself as their most evident feature: the narrative structure and the building of significances may favor the expression of a mode of being in the world and, more regularly, they also represent the great challenge that reading can accommodate concerning the characters, especially the female ones. However, it is necessary to identify the references that constitute the fictional worlds, usually tied to reality and proposing new forms of intelligibility. In general, these forms are implicit in the text and it is a readers' task to access them; for this to occur, we must recognize that narrative structure and characterization are intrinsically linked. Through the sparkian characters it is possible to get a broad overview of the work of the author and, at the same time, the practices and experiences of women historically situated. Thus, the thesis we defend is that the stories written by Muriel Spark, based on significant buildings in the text, enable a dialogue between text and reality from the perspective of female characters. With the appropriate references, the reading of those sparkian short stories can contribute to the understanding of the ways by which women interact within their own group and with the male group / Doutor

This study is an interpretive analysis of Zimbabwean political auto/biographical narratives in contexts of changing culture, race, ethnicity and gender identity images of the self and nation. I used eclectic theories of postcolonialism to explore the fractured nature of both the processes of identity construction and narration, and the contradictions inherent in identity categories of nation and self. The problem of using autobiographical memory to recall the momentous events that formed the contradictory identities of self and nation in the creative imagination of the lives of Ian Smith, Maurice Nyagumbo, Abel Muzorewa, Joshua Nkomo, Doris Lessing, Fay Chung, Judith Garfield Todd, Tendai Westerhof and Lutanga Shaba have been highlighted. The study concluded that there are narrative and ideological disjunctures between experiencing life and narrating those experiences to create approximations of coherent identities of individual selves and those of the nation. The study argued that each of the stories analyzed in this study contributed a version of the multiple Zimbabwean narratives that no one story could ever tell without being contested by others. Thus the study explores how white Rhodesian auto/biographies depend on the imperial repertoire to construct varying, even contradicting, images of white identities and the Rhodesian nation, which are also contested by black nationalist life narratives. The narratives by women writers, both white and black, introduced further instabilities to the male authored narratives by moving beyond the conventional understanding of what is ‘political’ in political auto/biographies. The HIV and AIDS narratives by black women thrust into the public sphere personalized versions of self so that the political consequence of their inclusion was not only to image Zimbabwe as a diseased society, but one desperately in need of political solutions to confront the different pathologies inherited from colonialism and which also have continued in the post-independence period. / English Studies / (D. Litt. et Phil. (English))