Following Ajzen/Fishbein's 1980 Theory of Reasoned Action, influences of hospitality students' external variables (age, gender, university classification, and work experience) on computer attitudes, and relationships between computer attitudes and intentions to learn and use computers were tested. A sample of 412 hospitality students completed two measurements: Loyd/Gressard's 1984 Computer Attitude Scale, and Behavioral Intentions to Learn and Use Computers. Males and females had positive computer attitudes. Graduates had more positive computer attitudes. No interaction effect existed between gender and classification. No relationships existed between age and work experience on computer attitudes. Computer attitudes positively correlated with intentions to learn and use computers. Results supported the Theory of Reasoned Action. External variables partially influence attitudes and attitudes influence intentions.

The commercial value for Bed and Breakfasts and Country Inns did not kept pace with other lodging establishments. Lodging real estate investment trusts (REITs) grew in the 1990's by acquiring hotels and motels but not the smaller Inns. This study investigated what sale terms and conditions an Inn owner would sell their property to a REIT. The study examined what conditions an innkeeper would manage the property for the REIT once the sale was closed. This study concluded that a REIT was not a feasible exit strategy for Inn owners.

[pt] O setor turístico tem apresentado grande importância econômica e impulsionado o crescimento dos estabelecimentos de hospedagem no Brasil. Esses estabelecimentos buscam se instalar em regiões reconhecidamente turísticas e com potencial para o turismo de negócios. Neste trabalho, os estabelecimentos de hospedagem do município Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, foram avaliados quanto a sua eficiência com uso da técnica de Análise por Envoltória de Dados (DEA) segundo a perspectiva dos clientes. Os valores dos outputs e inputs foram calculados a partir de observações contidas nas homepages dos estabelecimentos. Os modelos matemáticos CCR e BCC orientados a outputs foram resolvidos usando o pacote AIMMS para obter a eficiência de cada estabelecimento de hospedagem. Ao ordenar as unidades produtivas de acordo com o índice de eficiência, os estabelecimentos de pequeno porte e particulares tem a oportunidade de tomar como referência aqueles estabelecimentos que apresentaram eficiência máxima, e assim identificar e introduzir as melhorias necessárias de modo a não perderem mercado para os estabelecimentos de redes hoteleiras. Os resultados obtidos com DEA respondem ao grande questionamento desta pesquisa: os estabelecimentos de hospedagem de gestão familiar de Campos, RJ, precisam aprimorar seu desempenho, em relação aos serviços oferecidos a seus hóspedes, para se manterem competitivos no mercado diante do atual cenário em que se encontra o país? / [en] The tourism sector has shown great economic importance and stimulated the growth of lodging establishments in Brazil. These establishments seek to locate in regions with known potential for tourism and for business. In this work, the lodging establishments of the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, are evaluated in respect to their efficiency from the perspective of customers, using the technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The input and output data were computed based on data collected from the establishments’ websites. The mathematical models CCR and BCC oriented to outputs were solve dusing the package AIMMS to get the efficiency of each facility hosting. By ordering the lodging establishments according to their efficiency scores, the small establishments, in general private, have the opportunity to refer to those establishments with maximum efficiency, and then identify and make the necessary improvements to stay competitive and to not lose market for the establishments of hotel chains. The results obtained with DEA respond to the great challenge of this research: the family-running lodging establishments of Campos, RJ, need to improve their performance, in relation to the service offered to their customers, in order to remain competitive in the market facing the current country scenario?

Empreendimentos imobiliários e de base imobiliária em geral e empreendimentos hoteleiros em particular tem seus desempenhos, em primeiro lugar, associados à localização. O produto hoteleiro possui elevada rigidez estrutural, o que significa reduzida capacidade de readaptação sem provocar quebras irreversíveis na qualidade do investimento. Portanto, o processo de decisão com relação aos investimentos em empreendimentos hoteleiros depende de um sistema de informações que contemple atributos de expressão espacial, que considere fatores como localização e posição, dispersão e concentração, forma, inter-relacionamentos, conectividade e facilidade de acesso. A estruturação de um sistema de informação geográfica para o suporte ao planejamento do produto hoteleiro é mais do que um aplicativo ou sistema de computação. Ela envolve desde a coleta, o armazenamento, a manipulação e a análise até a apresentação das informações. Num empreendimento hoteleiro, a localização e a vocação da região em estudo e a escolha do produto estão intrinsecamente ligados. Em função da importância que a demanda por viagens de negócios representam dentro do universo dos produtos hoteleiros, estabeleceu-se o foco desse trabalho na estruturação de um sistema de informação geográfica para planejamento do produto hoteleiro em cidades de demanda expressiva por viagens de negócios. Considerando-se a relevância dessa demanda na cidade de São Paulo e de sua intensa competitividade interna, foram coletados dados para esse município, do setor hoteleiro e da economia. / Real estate projects and real estate backed investments in general, and lodging projects in particular have its performance firstly associated with the location. The lodging investment has high structural rigidity, meaning little readjustment capacity without irreversible losses in the quality of the investment. Therefore, the decision process related to the investments in lodging projects depends on the information system that consider geographic attributes as location, position, dispersion and concentration, shape, inter-relationships, connection and accessibility. The structure of a geographic information system to support the lodging project planning is more than computer software. It involves the collection, the storage, the manipulation, the analysis and the presentation of geographic information. In lodging projects, the location and the vocation of the region in study and the selection of the best project works together. As the importance that business trips means in the universe of lodging projects, this study aims to build up a structure of a geographic information system for the planning of a lodging enterprise in cities with expressive demand for business trips. Considering the relevance of such demand in the city of São Paulo and its intense internal competitiveness, statistical data on the city regarding its business aspects were collected and also statistical data from the lodging industry and from the city economic aspects.

Esta pesquisa dedica-se a compreender a natureza da atividade conhecida, na indústria hoteleira, por auditoria noturna. É importante por esta atividade ainda não ter sido estudada adequadamente do ponto de vista conceitual e das práticas do mercado, embora seja tratada pela literatura didática e desenvolvida em hotéis. Com o objetivo de verificar o state of the art da auditoria noturna, foi adotada a estratégia de criar o conceito instrumental de hotel ‘complexo’, definido como dotado de porte e/ou categoria de prestação de serviços suficientes para justificar a existência de estruturas organizacionais intrincadas. A premissa subjacente é que o alto investimento absoluto ou relativo (por unidade habitacional) exige processos com maior eficiência e eficácia. A cidade de São Paulo foi escolhida para a pesquisa de campo graças ao seu significativo parque hoteleiro. A fim de estabelecer bases teóricas que pudessem subsidiar a investigação de campo, a auditoria noturna foi situada no contexto organizacional de um empreendimento hoteleiro; foram analisados a evolução e o conceito de auditoria interna; e caracterizados os sistemas de informação utilizados pela indústria hoteleira para a atividade, dada a relevância de sua configuração para condicionar processos operacionais e financeiros. Selecionados 41 hotéis complexos de São Paulo, 38 colaboraram com a fase exploratória da pesquisa, dedicada a caracterizar o perfil pessoal e organizacional de 82 funcionários responsáveis pela auditoria noturna. Dentre eles, 10 hotéis, que contavam formalmente com o cargo de auditor noturno, foram objeto de uma pesquisa descritiva, a fim de elencar suas tarefas e de obter suas percepções do software hoteleiro utilizado. Todos os hotéis complexos selecionados têm atividades de auditoria noturna, com o foco principal voltado ao exame diário de todas as contas correntes de recepção. Os responsáveis pela auditoria noturna desenvolvem tarefas operacionais, estão freqüentemente subordinados ao departamento auditado e desconsideram o ambiente de controle. Como resultado, este trabalho propõe que a auditoria noturna hoteleira não se enquadra no moderno entendimento do conceito de auditoria interna; é uma atividade de inspeção que supre a deficiência ou cumpre o papel de controles internos. A avaliação positiva realizada pelos auditores noturnos dos hotéis complexos da cidade de São Paulo a respeito dos sistemas de informação utilizados não invalida a constatação de que os principais softwares hoteleiros são falhos, oriundos da automatização de tarefas tradicionais, limitando a própria atividade de auditoria noturna. / This study is dedicated to the examination of an activity known in the hotel industry as the night audit. The importance of this research is reflected in the fact that the night audit is an activity that has been little studied from the conceptual and practical points of view, although it has been amply described in educational and industry literature. Given that the primary objective is to define the state of the art of the night audit, this paper initially establishes the contextual concept of the hotel property, as defined as hospitality operations that offer a size or category of service warranting the existence of complex organizational structure. The underlying assumption is that properties with expensive investments necessitate extensive processes to ensure greater efficiency or effectiveness. The city of São Paulo was chosen for field research as its hotel park is the largest in South America. With the objective to establish a theoretical base to support the field investigation, the night audit was placed in the organizational context of the hotel property; basic concepts, as well as, the evolution of the internal audit were analyzed; and the information systems used by the hospitality industry were described, given their relevance in conditioning operational and financial processes. Of the forty-one major hotel properties in São Paulo, thirty-eight collaborated in the exploratory phase of the project. In this phase, based on interviews with 82 night audit employees, the profile of the night auditor was established, as well as, his position and relationships within the organizational structure. Of all the subject properties, ten hotels have formally established the position of night auditor in their organizational structure. These employees were the subject of the second phase of the study in which the functions of the night auditor were quantified and described. They were also interviewed in depth as to their opinion on hospitality software. The results of the study demonstrate that all the subject properties have night auditing activities, but with a primary focus on the daily examination of all open accounts in the front office. The employees responsible for the night audit also execute operational activities and are frequently subordinated within the department that they audit, effectively eliminating any element of actual control. As a result, this study proposes that the night audit as practiced by the hospitality industry does not correspond to the modern concept of the internal audit; it is an activity of inspection and account verification, isolated to the front office, and in effect, compensates for process deficiencies or, at best, mimics internal controls. Even though the evaluations by the night auditors were for the most part positive, there are many aspects in which hospitality software is deficient, limiting its use in the auditing capacity.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-25T19:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianaFernandes.pdf: 2300440 bytes, checksum: be71036a0fe8687a5f4c3207149fd0cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The maximization of the farm inputs use and an efficient crops management can develop the yield potential for area. With the aim of evaluate the effect of trinexapac-ethyl growth regulator and plants populations in the agronomical characteristics, diseases severity, yield components and yield of wheat cultivars with different resistance to the lodging, three experiments was established in the Farm School of the Ponta Grossa State University, in the year of 2008. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks, in a factorial design 6 x 2 with four repetitions for the three experiments. The treatments consisted of six plants populations (150, 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900 seeds of wheat m-2) and of the use or not of the trinexapac-ethyl growth regulator in the rate of 100 g ha-1, applied between 1 and 2 perceivable knot. The treatments were applied in three experiments that deferred to wheat cultivars of different lodging answers: resistance (OR-1), moderately resistant (BRS 208) and moderately susceptible (Safira). The number of tillers per plant, the foliar area per plant and the stem diameter had diminished with the increase of the plants population, independent of the cultivar. The plant height of the BRS 208 cultivar increased with the plants population increase. The plants height and the length of peduncle, had decreased with the trinexapacethyl application, as well as the lodging percentage in the BRS 208 and OR-1 cultivars. To Safira and OR-1 cultivars the yield was greater with the use of trinexapac-ethyl, but without effects in the BRS 208 cultivar. To Safira and OR-1 cultivars the yield adjustment equation in relation to the plants population was quadratic, occurring an increase of the yield with the increase of the plants population of, until a limit, variable with the cultivar. / A maximização do uso de insumos agrícolas e um manejo eficiente das lavouras podem aumentar o potencial produtivo por área. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do regulador de crescimento trinexapac-ethyl e de populações de plantas em características agronômicas, severidade de doenças, omponentes da produção e produtividade de cultivares de trigo, realizou-se três experimentos na Fazenda Escola da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, no ano de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 6 x 2 com quatro repetições para os três experimentos. Os tratamentos constaram de seis populações de plantas (150, 300, 450, 600, 750 e 900 sementes de trigo m-2) e do uso ou não do regulador de crescimento trinexapac-ethyl na dose de 100 g ha-1, aplicado entre o 1º e o 2º nó perceptível. Os tratamentos foram aplicados em três experimentos que diferiram em cultivares de diferentes respostas ao acamamento: resistente (OR-1), moderadamente resistente (BRS 208) e moderadamente suscetível (Safira). O número de perfilhos por planta, a área foliar por planta e o diâmetro do colmo diminuíram com o aumento da população de plantas, independente da cultivar. A altura da planta da cultivar BRS 208 aumentou com o aumento da população de plantas. A altura das plantas e o comprimento do pedúnculo diminuíram com a aplicação do trinexapac-ethyl, bem como a porcentagem de acamamento nas cultivares BRS 208 e OR-1. Para as cultivares Safira e OR-1 a produtividade foi maior com o uso do trinexapac-ethyl, porém sem efeitos na cultivar BRS 208. Para as cultivares Safira e OR-1 a equação de ajuste da produtividade em relação à população de plantas foi quadrática, ocorrendo um aumento da produção com o aumento da população, até um limite, variável com a cultivar.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:21:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lacy Silva Jr.pdf: 7270358 bytes, checksum: aa4f63fb20eb2417baef6ab9186cb213 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-06 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The interception of themes as lodging industry and the urban historical heritage, expose multiple issues as the role of the State in the process of valuation, identification, preservation and use of this heritage. The perception of ideological motivations that arrange the choices and decisions about what should be preserved put us before subtle links among the construction of memories, flow of capital and the tourism. The look on the project of the state company Paradores de Turismo da Espanha enables us to know an experience based on joint activities of integrated management aiming at the sustainable and responsible development of the cultural tourism and revitalization of the heritage. Past and present form a timeline full of meanings and challenges, which importance is subject to the needs of the present. / O cruzamento de temas como a indústria da hospitalidade e o patrimônio histórico urbano expõe questões múltiplas como o papel do Estado no processo de valorização, identificação, conservação e uso desse patrimônio. A percepção de motivações ideológicas que orquestram as escolhas e decisões acerca do que deve ser preservado coloca-nos diante de vínculos sutis entre a construção de memórias, fluxo de capital e o turismo. O olhar lançado sobre o projeto da empresa estatal Paradores de Turismo da Espanha possibilita-nos conhecer uma experiência baseada em ações conjuntas de gestão integrada que buscam o desenvolvimento sustentável e responsável do turismo cultural e a revitalização do patrimônio. Passado e presente formam uma linha do tempo repleta de significações, cuja importância está sujeita às necessidades e desafios do presente.

The objective of this paper is to analyze the resiliency of the New Orleans lodging and tourism industry by conducting a SWOT analysis. A SWOT analysis is composed of four key parts: the internal influences that are the strengths (S) and weaknesses (W) and the external influences that are the opportunities (O) and threats (T). New Orleans is characterized by the ability to use its internal strengths to drive growth in its lodging and tourism market. The main internal strengths I identified were the city’s strong cultural identity, and destination attractiveness in both the convention and leisure markets. However, New Orleans also has internal weaknesses that adversely affect the perception of the city: cultural arrogance, crime and cleanliness. Externally, the city is presented with several opportunities to become one of the top tourist destinations both nationally and internationally. The marketing opportunities available to New Orleans are through the New Orleans Tourism Marketing Corporation, the healthcare and film industries, and the city’s accessibility. The city’s reach is limited by several key threats, such as short-term rentals, competing markets such as Charleston and Atlanta, and natural disasters that could disrupt New Orleans’ position as one of the top visitor markets in the United States.

Abstract not available

Turistnäringen växer vilket innebär en ökad miljöpåverkan och resursåtgång. Samtidigt är en välmående miljö en viktig faktor för många aktörer inom branschen. Många logiverksamheter vill dock visa att de tar sitt ansvar genom att aktivt försöka minska sin miljöpåverkan. Som hjälp för att visa upp detta engagemang finns idag en rad olika miljömärkningar. Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på motiven bakom att små logiverksamheter i Sverige väljer att miljömärka sig respektive att inte göra det, samt att få en djupare förståelse för dessa motiv. Studien tar också upp vilka möjligheter till miljömärkning som finns och vad de innebär. Studien är baserad på kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer och litteraturstudier. Respondenterna i studien är 6 st små logiverksamheter. Ett bed & breakfast, två hotell, ett vandrarhem och två pensionat. Tre av verksamheterna innehar miljömärkning. De tre andra har ingen miljömärkning, men två av dessa kommunicerar aktivt sitt miljöarbete. Miljömärkningar som fokuseras på i studien är Svanen, Green Key, EU-blomman och Naturens Bästa. Studien visar att en miljömärkning fungerar både som ett marknadsföringsverktyg och miljöledningssystem för logiverksamheter. Fördelar i marknadsföring, bättre koll på miljöarbetet, nya idéer och personligt engagemang har kommit fram i studien som motiv till att miljömärka. Motiv till att inte miljömärka är enligt studien tidsåtgång, stor kostnad och okunskap om möjligheterna till miljömärkning. Det har även framkommit att miljömärkningarna inte alltid är anpassade för mindre logiverksamheter. Respondenterna i studien anser att en miljömärkning har inneburit eller skulle innebära en liten eller obefintlig minskning av deras logiverksamheters miljöpåverkan. Ingen slutsats har dragits angående miljömärkningars effekt på logiverksamheters miljöpåverkan. / The tourism industry is growing which means an increased impact on the environment and an increased resource use. At the same time a healthy environment is of significant importance for many operators within the tourism industry. Many lodging operations want to put on display that they are responsible and that they are doing improvements to decrease their environmental impact. A number of ecolabels are available to help them do so. The purpose of this study is to learn the motives behind why small lodging operations in Sweden choose to put an ecolabel on their companies, or the motives behind why they choose not to. The study also includes research about what ecolabel opportunities small lodging operations in Sweden have and what they mean. The study is based on qualitative research interviews and literature studies. The respondents are six small lodging operations. One Bed & Breakfast, two hotels, one hostel and two guesthouses. Three of the companies are ecolabelled, the other three are not. Ecolabels that are focused on in the study are Svanen (Nordic Ecolabel), Green Key, EU-blomman (EU Eco label) and Naturens Bästa (Nature's Best). The study shows that an ecolabel works as both a marketing tool and an environmental management system for lodging operations. The study also indicates that reasons to get an ecolabel are marketing gains, better track of the environmental work, new ideas and personal commitment. Motives behind not putting an ecolabel on the lodging operation have in the study shown to be the cost, expenditure of time and unawareness of the ecolabel opportunities. It has also been mentioned that the ecolabels are not always suitable for the smaller lodging operations. The respondents considers that an ecolabel has meant or would mean a small or no decrease of the environmental impact of their lodging operation. No conclusion has been reached regarding ecolabels effect on lodging operations' environmental impact.