Aim: This study aims to clarify the role of Lutheran confessional theology in informing and shaping policy and practice for Australian Lutheran school education. In doing this, it also seeks to provide another step in the on-going process of developing for Australian Lutheran schools a comprehensive theoretical framework that reflects insights from both Lutheran confessional theology and educational theory and research. Scope: The thesis begins with the presupposition that education is a value-laden process and that schools need shared beliefs and values to function effectively. In the current scenario of change in society in general and in education in particular, such a common vision is difficult to maintain. However, Australian Lutheran schools begin with theology as the starting point for their value base. This means that they can share a common vision drawn from God's revelation in Scripture. However, this theology needs to be expressed in such a way that it can be brought into dialogue with educational theory and research in order to develop insights relevant for determining the nature and purpose of Australian Lutheran schools. Since Lutheran theology sees itself as 'confessional' in nature, and since the Lutheran Church defines itself in relation to its confessional writings, the Book of Concord (1580) is taken as the theological basis for this thesis. While the Book of Concord could be seen as containing documents from a different era, nevertheless it is still the accepted theological basis of Lutheranism and any attempt to provide a theoretical framework for Australian Lutheran schools would need to be consistent with its theology. Before examining the theology of the Book of Concord, the study briefly traces the development of Lutheran schools in Australia and the aims and purposes for which they were established. The role of theology in motivating the establishment of those schools is also considered. The rapid expansion of Australian Lutheran schools during the past three decades is then investigated for the purpose of identifying current issues faced by these schools which need to be addressed through insights from Lutheran confessional theology. The study then turns to the Book of Concord in order to summarise major emphases of Lutheran confessional theology. This is done to identify critical Lutheran theological perspectives which need to be brought into dialogue with the educational challenges faced by Australian Lutheran schools in the current context of rapid social, cultural and educational changes. The central teaching of the Book of Concord, the doctrine of justification by grace through faith on account of Christ, is examined first. This is followed by theology of the cross, law and gospel, the perspective of the 'two kingdoms' and the individual as saint and sinner. Throughout this process, the dialectic nature of Lutheran confessional theology is emphasised. In bringing these major teachings of the Book of Concord into dialogue with the educational issues identified earlier in the thesis, a number of implications are developed for Australian Lutheran school education. In particular, the Australian Lutheran school is considered as a 'confessional community' and examined from the perspective of the 'two kingdoms'. Other educational issues are explored, including Lutheran anthropology of the individual, the place of the Bible in Lutheran schools, the role of the law in Lutheran schools and the implications of 'theology of the cross' for life in the church and the world. Conclusions: In attempting to clarify the role of Lutheran confessional theology for Australian Lutheran school education this study deduces that theology and education exist in a process of 'dialectic dialogue' with each other, 'listening to each other' but also retaining certain levels of dialectic tension as each side responds to the other. However, this study also emphasises the dialectic nature of Lutheran confessional theology which must be preserved in order to avoid the danger that only one side of the theological tension will be considered in the dialogue with education. Thus this study concludes that if Lutheran confessional theology is to play its vital role in developing a comprehensive theoretical framework for Australian Lutheran school education, then a 'double dialectic' needs to be maintained - the dialectic tension within Lutheran confessional theology in dialectic dialogue with educational theory and practice. In this way balance can be maintained in developing insights into the nature and purpose of Australian Lutheran school education based on Lutheran confessional theology.

This study was an investigation into participant perceptions of principal appraisal in Australian Lutheran schools where a national, systematic appraisal process for principals, entitled Principal Appraisal for Development (PAD), has been in place since 2000. The study group for the investigation consisted of fifteen principals, ten chairpersons of school councils and two district directors, all of whom had been involved in the process. The literature review indicated that whilst there was substantive scholarly writing on the purpose and methods of principal appraisal, there was a lack of recorded research on the experience and longer term outcomes of appraisal. Accordingly, the focus of the study was an examination of participant perceptions of the experience and impact of appraisal. The study's theoretical underpinning was symbolic interactionism and it adopted a qualitative approach to answer the central research question: What are principal and governing council chairperson perceptions of the efficacy of principal appraisal processes in Australian Lutheran schools? Data for the study were gathered through focus group and individual qualitative interviews. In addition, documents associated with the appraisal process were obtained for analysis. The data were then analysed using grounded theory methods, leading to the generation of three theoretical propositions. The first proposition was that the efficacy of principal appraisal depended on the completion of an explicit process that followed six clearly defined and understood steps; the second: that five perceptions of the efficacy of the appraisal process could be identified amongst participants; and the third: that the role played by key players in a spirit of trust in the process and in one another facilitated perceptions of efficacy in the appraisal process. Furthermore, the context in which the process took place, the actual purpose of the process and the nature of responses by participants emerged as key factors in each proposition. In particular, these factors determined whether the appraisal process advanced through the six defined stages required to ensure meaningful, long-term development for the principal, which of the perceptions of efficacy of the process for development was held by participants, and the extent to which trust in one another and in the process was evident. From these propositions eight statements that describe the experience of study participants were identified. These comprised: their belief that a development purpose must have priority in appraisal for perceptions of efficacy of the process; credible messages needed to emerge from the appraisal process for perceptions of its efficacy; appraisal needed to be perceived as a complex process of change involving meaning-making; principal as agent and initiator in the appraisal process facilitated perceptions of efficacy; a supportive and improvement-oriented environment for professional development was associated with perceptions of efficacy of the process; professional development of the principal needed to be perceived as a complex process; trust in the process and in one another was necessary for perceptions of appraisal's efficacy; and appraisal was recognised as having outcomes that may distract from development. These findings have specific implications for the policy and practice of principal appraisal in Lutheran schools, especially as PAD is reviewed. The findings also have application to other appraisal settings and generated key questions to assist in developing, implementing and evaluating principal appraisal systems. The study also indicated that those involved in the appraisal process need to think through how appraisal, development and accountability are related. These concepts are important and legitimate, and are to be both separated and recognised in any employment context. The study found that appraisal that resulted in development was a complex process of change involving shifts to meaning and behaviour. Such a process needed to be supported through an environment of trust with an improvement focus. The study has indicated that appraisal for development needs to be informed more fully by an understanding of the professional development literature. In summary, the study has contributed to an understanding of the place of appraisal in the learning and development of school principals.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Esta tese procura recuperar os espaços de emancipação na história de vida de ex-alunas de escola comunitária luterana. Num primeiro momento, busca-se entender os conceitos de libertação, emancipação, autonomia racional e liberdade cristã. A partir da tessitura dos fios teórico-conceituais, o conceito emancipação humana é tomado, nesta tese, como categoria sintética, própria do movimento analítico-sintético da abordagem dialética.O segundo capítulo traz o percurso teórico-metodológico, que se fundamenta numa perspectiva etnográfica, permeada pela metodologia feminista e o referencial de gênero. Como técnica de pesquisa utiliza-se a história de vida, visando à pesquisa narrativa, em que se destacam a subjetividade, o cotidiano e a memória. Os capítulos três, quatro, cinco e seis apresentam, respectivamente, as narrativas das histórias de vida das ex-alunas: Anneliese, Ruth, Renita e Yvonne. O último capítulo recupera espaços de emancipação na história de vida das ex-alunas: o processo imigratório, lembranças da infância, da adolescência, os processos educacionais na família, na escola comunitária luterana, na igreja luterana, em outros espaços educacionais, a formação profissional, a constituição da própria família, a imagem de Deus, a leitura da Bíblia, a participação e a liderança em grupos comunitários até o ano 2005. Percebe-se nas histórias de vida das ex-alunas narradoras uma profunda influência da educação recebida na escola comunitária e na igreja luterana, repercutindo na conquista ou não de espaços emancipatórios. Ao permitirem o registro e a publicação de suas memórias, as ex-alunas narradoras colocam-se como sábias e educadoras, permitindo a reflexão sobre a importância da religião e da educação nos processos emancipatórios. A tese conclui enunciando que os espaços de emancipação se realizam no cotidiano histórico da existência, e que este é um processo plural, coletivo, conflituoso, dialético, pois aponta para o inacabamento da vida. / This dissertation has the purpose of retrieving the spaces of emancipation in the life stories of former female students of Lutheran community schools in Brazil. Initially the author tries to understand the concepts of liberation, emancipation, rational autonomy and Christian freedom. On the basis of the texture of the theoretical-conceptual threads, the concept of human emancipation is taken in this dissertation as a synthetic category that is peculiar to the analytical-synthetic movement of the dialectical approach. The second chapter describes the theoretical-methodological approach, which is based on an ethnographic perspective, permeated by a feminist methodology and the gender referent. The author uses the life story as research technique, aiming at a narrative investigation that highlights subjectivity, daily life and memory. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapters present the life stories told by the former females students, Anneliese, Ruth, Renita and Yvonne. The last chapter tries to identify spaces of emancipation in their life stories: the immigration process, childhood memories, adolescence memories, the educational processes in the family, the Lutheran community school, the Lutheran church, in other educational spaces, professional training, the constitution of their own family, their image of God, Bible reading, participation and leadership in community and/or congregational groups until 2005. Their narratives reveal a deep influence of the education they received in the community school and in the Lutheran church, bearing on the achievement or non-achievement of emancipatory spaces. By allowing their memories to be recorded and published, the narrators prove to be sages and educators, making it possible to reflect on the importance of religion and education in emancipation processes. The dissertation then concludes by discussing how the emancipation processes take place in the historical daily lives and by emphasizing that this process is a plural, collective, conflictive and dialectical one, for it points to the unfinished nature of human life.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-07-16T14:53:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosângela Markmann Messa.pdf: 2747233 bytes, checksum: 2b29511698a8152e968755e0839f0b96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-16T14:53:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosângela Markmann Messa.pdf: 2747233 bytes, checksum: 2b29511698a8152e968755e0839f0b96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / Milton Valente / Esta Tese investiga, com base na teoria enunciativa de Émile Benveniste e na perspectiva ergológica de Yves Schwartz, o processo de formação de consenso em reuniões do Conselho Escolar de uma escola evangélico-luterana, localizada na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Da teoria enunciativa benvenistiana, utiliza-se a concepção de linguagem, segundo a qual a língua fornece um sistema formal de base de que o indivíduo se apropria pelo ato de linguagem, renormalizando-a em um estilo particular e único. Da perspectiva ergológica, vale-se da concepção de atividade de trabalho, que ensina que há sempre uma distância entre as normas antecedentes, reguladoras do fazer, e o trabalho realizado, que é a todo momento singularizado e renormalizado pelo indivíduo na realização de sua atividade de trabalho. Ambas as teorias levam em consideração a subjetividade que é inerente à linguagem e à atividade de trabalho. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e toma por objeto de estudo interlocuções entre gestor escolar, coordenadora administrativa e integrantes do Conselho Escolar. A partir da análise das interlocuções é possível afirmar que o consenso é co-construído pelos participantes na interação; que ele é formado a partir da instauração de um “eu” e de um “tu”, que falam de um “ele”, em um aqui-e-agora específicos; que ele é resultado de um processo dilatado no tempo, induzido pela própria instituição e reprodutor dela, em que diferentes participantes desenvolvem atividades específicas relacionadas a seu papel e, com isso, vencem etapas de desenvolvimento lógicas e necessárias no âmbito das ações que lhe competem. / This thesis investigates, based on Emile Benveniste’s enunciative theory and on Yves Schwartz’s ergologic perspective, the consensus formation process in School Board meetings of an Evangelical Lutheran School, located in Porto Alegre metropolitan area. From the Benveniste’s enunciation theory, it is used the conception of language, in which language provides a formal basis system from which the individual takes the language act, renormalizing it in a particular and unique style. From the ergologic perspective, it is used the concept of work activity, which shows that there is always a distance between the foregoing provisions governing the work to be done, and the work actually done. Hence work is made unique and renormalized constantly as the work activities are carried out. Both theories take into consideration the subjectivity which is inherent to language and work activity. The research is qualitative in nature and has dialogues among the principal, the administrative coordinator and members of the School Board as the object of study. From the analysis of the dialogues, it is possible to state that consensus is co-constructed by the participants in the interaction; it is created by taking into consideration the establishment of an "I" and a "you", who speak of a "he", in a specific here and now; it is the result of a process which extends over time, induced by the institution and people who reproduce it, in which different participants perform specific activities related to their role, and thereby overcome logical and necessary development steps within the actions required from them.

Federação Luterana Mundial / Uma análise da inclusão escolar na Educação Básica na trajetória de uma escola da Rede Sinodal de Educação da IECLB. A presente dissertação envolve pesquisa fundamentada em bases curriculares, psicopedagógicas e teológicas, tratando-se de um estudo de caso com coleta de dados por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e social (entrevistas). A população alvo é composta de equipe diretiva, professores, pais, alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais da Instituição Evangélica de Novo Hamburgo (IENH) e coordenadores de dois setores da Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB). O primeiro capítulo aborda a inclusão escolar nos últimos vinte anos da história da sociedade e da educação brasileira. Apresenta princípios e concepções da Educação Inclusiva, objetivando o melhor entendimento desta questão, ainda de certa forma desconhecida na atual sociedade. Por último, destaca as políticas públicas para a Educação Inclusiva, encontradas na legislação brasileira e nas ações desenvolvidas pelo Ministério de Educação, através da Secretaria de Educação Especial. O segundo capítulo apresenta a trajetória educacional da IENH, que integra a Rede Sinodal de Educação e está voltada à educação de crianças e jovens, como também a inclusão de estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais em suas classes comuns de ensino. Aborda o Projeto Político-Pedagógico da IENH e o Plano da Educação Inclusiva da IENH. Nessa construção, enfoca o currículo inclusivo em prática na IENH. A equipe diretiva, os professores, os alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais e também suas famílias são alvo de investigação através de entrevistas. O último capítulo faz referência à Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana, em fatos marcantes da sua história no Brasil, e investiga dois dos seus setores: a Coordenação de Diaconia, no trabalho desenvolvido com pessoas portadoras de deficiência (PPD), e a Rede Sinodal de Educação, nas ações desenvolvidas nas escolas que a integram, especialmente no que se refere à inclusão de estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais. / An analysis of mainstreaming in a grade school considering the experience of a school of the Sinodal Network of Education of the IECLB. This dissertation involves research supported on curricular, psycopedagogical and theological basis; it is a case-study with data collected through biographical, documental and social (interviews) resources. The target population includes administrative staff members, teachers, parents, and students with special educational needs from Instituição Evangélica de Novo Hamburgo (IENH) and with coordinators of two sections of the Evangelical Church of Lutheran Confession in Brazil (IECLB). The first chapter talks about mainstreaming in schools considering the history of society and education in Brazil in the past twenty years. It presents principles and actions for Inclusive Education, aiming at the best understanding of this issue, still somehow unknown in society nowadays. At last, it highlights public politics for Inclusive Education found in the Brazilian legislation and in the actions developed by the Education Ministry through the Department of Especial Education. The second chapter presents the educational experience of IENH, which is part of the Sinodal Network of Education, and targets the education of children and youngsters and where there is the inclusion of students with special educational needs in regular classes. It looks at IENHs Political-Pedagogical Project and in it the Institutions Planning for Inclusive Education. In this construction, it focuses the inclusive curriculum which is now being practiced at IENH. The administrative staffs, the teachers, the students with special educational needs and also their families, are the investigative target through the interviews. The last chapter refers to the Evangelical Church of Lutheran Confession using remarkable facts of its history in Brazil and investigates two of its sections: the Coordination of Deaconia through the work developed with people who carry some deficiency and the Sinodal Network of Education through the actions developed in its schools, especially concerning in reference to the inclusion of students with special educational needs.

Esta dissertação quer discutir a presença da confessionalidade luterana numa escola da Rede Sinodal de Educação, vinculada à IECLB (Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil). A escola em foco é o Instituto Superior e Centro Educacional Luterano Bom Jesus/IELUSC que, desde dezembro de 2006, teve seu nome mudado para Associação Educacional Luterana Bom Jesus/IELUSC. O Bom Jesus/IELUSC tem sua origem em 1866, com a construção da Deutsche Schule (Escola Alemã). Esta é fechada em 1938 e seu prédio é alugado para abrigar o Instituto Bom Jesus, iniciado em 1926, de propriedade da professora Ana Maria Harger. Em 1963, a Comunidade Evangélica de Joinville, dona do imóvel da antiga Deutsche Schule, compra o Instituto Bom Jesus, que passa a ser uma escola da Comunidade e, portanto, com identidade confessional luterana. A forma como essa confessionalidade se expressa, desde 1963 até hoje, é o tema deste trabalho. A partir da aquisição da escola pela CEJ, essa passa a chamar-se Colégio Bom Jesus. A união do pátio da escola com o da Comunidade, e seu conseqüente uso partilhado, tornou-se representativo das novas configurações e relações de poder. Há remodelações, disputas, ampliações e tentativas de novas criações. Esses movimentos geraram tensões e revelaram diferenças entre os objetivos de uma escola confessional e os de uma escola privada/particular. A aparência de uma escola comunitária/confessional nem sempre consegue esconder os valores e prioridades presentes em uma escola privada. Na busca por uma aparência e essência confessionais no Instituto Bom Jesus/IELUSC, foram criados o pastorado escolar e o universitário, que contribuíram para o diálogo entre a teologia luterana e a pedagogia, conforme previsto nas Diretrizes da Política Educacional da IECLB. Contudo, tanto um pastorado quanto o outro foram extintos de forma brusca e conflituosa. A tensão provocada pelos processos de extinção dos pastorados contribuiu também para revelar limites e disputas entre a essência e a aparência do Instituto. / This dissertation seeks to discuss the presence of Lutheran confessionality in a school of the Rede Sinodal de Educação, linked to the Evangelical Church of Lutheran Confession in Brazil (IECLB). The Associação Educacional Luterana Bom Jesus/IELUSC, which prior to December 2006 was called Instituto Superior e Centro Educacional Luterano Bom Jesus/IELUSC, is the school discussed in this paper. Bom Jesus/IELUSC began in 1866, with the building of the Deutsche Schule (German School). This school was closed in 1938. The building was rented to the Instituto Bom Jesus, which was founded in 1926 by a teacher, Ana Maria Harger. The Comunidade Evangélica de Joinville (CEJ), who owned the Deutsche Schule building, bought the Instituto Bom Jesus in 1963 and started a Church-school based on lutheran confession identity. This paper will describe the affects of introducing Lutheran confessionality from 1963 to the present on this school. Comunidade Evangélica de Joinville changed the name of the school to Colégio Bom Jesus. The union of the school yard with the yard of the Congregation, and its consequent common use, became representative of the new configurations and relationships of power. It has undergone remodelings, disputes, enlargement and attempts at new creations. These developments have produced tensions and disclosed conflicts between the objectives of a confessional school and a private school. The appearance of a confessional/congregational school is not always able to hide the values and priorities present in a private school. In order to present a confessional appearance and meaning, the Institute created a ministry for a School Pastor and a ministry for a College Pastor. Both ministries contributed to the dialogue between Lutheran theology and pedagogy as understood in the objectives of the Educational Politics of the IECLB. Both ministries were closed abruptly and in a conflictive manner. The tension provoked by the procedure used for closure of these ministries continues to reveal limits and disputes between the essence and the appearance of the Institute.

La presente investigación presenta la propuesta teológico-pedagógica que surge a partir del análisis de los escritos de Martín Lutero. El reformador responde al contexto histórico, en lo que a educación se refiere, por lo que se presenta un panorama general de la situación del sistema educativo en la Edad Media y los antecedentes de la Reforma luterana, con aspectos biográficos de la vida de Martín Lutero en relación al sistema educativo en la época. Destacando aspectos que llegaron a ser referenciales para las propuestas educativas del reformador. Una vez establecidos los sujetos históricos de la época de la Reforma; y entendida la situación del sistema educativo y los métodos utilizados. Se avanza en el estudio de conceptos teológicos luteranos que influencian las propuestas pedagógicas del reformador. Estudiando a Lutero desde el lugar en que se manifiesta sobre la educación: el de un pastor y teólogo que responde a situaciones específicas y cuestiones elementales. Siendo el carácter teológico del pensamiento educativo de Lutero sustentado por su preocupación primordial sobre la relación de Dios con el ser humano y de éste a su vez con el mundo y la sociedad. Por lo que se consideran la doctrina de la justificación por la fe, central en Lutero; el propósito de las buenas obras, y de la ley y el evangelio, para comprender el lugar de la educación y la educabilidad del ser humano a partir de la doctrina de los dos reinos y el concepto de vocación. Luego se ocupa del estudio y análisis de los principios pedagógicos para una educación luterana, que surgen de la reflexión en los escritos pedagógicos del reformador. Y otros que surgen de la investigación bibliográfica y demás escritos teológicos luteranos. A partir de los cuales se desarrolla la reflexión sobre el pensamiento pedagógico de Lutero, así como su relación con el humanismo en la educación. Para, finalmente, presentar una propuesta pedagógica enfocada hacia la escuela luterana, como servicio al Evangelio y al mundo. En última instancia, la presente investigación concluye que el fundamento de la educación luterana está en la Palabra de Dios y que la distinción de la escuela cristiana luterana está en la instrucción y enseñanza cristiana, centro de toda su estructura, preocupación y quehacer educativo / This researchs work presents, as result, the theological-pedagogical proposal that arises from the analysis of writings of Martin Luther. The reformer responds to his historical context on educational matters, reason why a general picture of the educative system situation in the Middle Age is displayed and also antecedents of the Lutheran Reformation and biographical details of the Martin Luthers life. It emphasizes aspects that got to be referential for the educative proposals of the reformer. Having been established the historical subjects of the Reformations time; and understood the situation of the educative system and its methods, researchs focus is put on theological Lutheran concepts that influence the pedagogical proposals of the reformer. Concepts coming from a Luther that being pastor and theologian acts responding to specific situations and elementary questions. The Luthers thought about education is marked for his understanding of the relationship between God and the human being and, at the same time, of this with the World and society. Doctrines as Justification by faith, the right place of the Good Works, Law and Gospel and the Two Kingdoms are essentials in the understanding of his thought about the right place of the education and the human being as its subject. Study and analysis continues being centered on pedagogical principles for a Lutheran education, as consequence of the reflection on pedagogical writings of the reformer, bibliographical research and other Lutheran theological writings as well. Pedagogical thought of Luther, as well as its relation with the humanism in the education is developed as result. Finally a pedagogical proposal for the Lutheran school is presented and it service to the Gospel and the world is highlighted. In last instance, the present work concludes that the Lutheran education foundation is on the Word of God and that the mark of the Lutheran school is in the instruction and christian education. It is the axis of all its structure, preoccupation and educative task.