Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:15:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 siqueira_ma_me_mar.pdf: 493093 bytes, checksum: 5ddd7cd02a1e7c0d2b13a49378957b42 (MD5) / No processo de catalogação, indispensável para a Ciência da Informação, ocorre a criação de formas de representação documentária descritiva, por isso, sua relação com as teorias de formas de representação estudadas pela Ciência Cognitiva. Essa relação é objeto de estudo dessa pesquisa, que se pautará na análise do formato de intercâmbio de dados bibliográficos Machine Readable Cataloging, MARC 21, em sua versão em Extensible Markup Language, XML, linguagem de marcação que prove mecanismos de comunicação de dados desenvolvida pela Ciência da Computação, caracterizando o referencial teórico da pesquisa a partir da interdisciplinaridade existente. O objetivo da pesquisa é destacar a importância da XML para a Ciência da Informação, a partir da própria estrutura da linguagem e de estudos sobre Formas de Representação, apresentando a versão MARC 21 em XML como ferramenta adequada para representação documentária. A proposição apresenta subsídios teóricos e metodológicos que destaca o MARC 21 em sua versão XML como uma relevante opção de representação documentária, e promove uma discussão sobre a necessidade de desenvolvimento de ferramentas de software e não de novos métodos de representação. Evidências técnicas sobre o MARC 21, XML e a indicação a versão MARC 21 em XML como método adequado para representação documentária embasarão a proposição. A partir de uma metodologia de análise, verificou-se que a necessidade de desenvolvimento de métodos e teorias para a fundamentação da representação documentária e também de implementação efetiva de ferramentas de software preocupada com a usabilidade da interface para otimização do processo de representação, ocasionam dificuldades na apresentação de uma catalogação de qualidade, especialmente, no que se refere a representação... / In the cataloguing process, indispensable for the Science of the Information appears the creation of forms of descriptive documentary representation, for that, its relation with the theories in representation ways studied by the Cognitive Science. That relation is the object of study of this research, that it will be ruled in the analysis of the format of exchange of bibliographical data Machine Readable Cataloging, MARC 21, in its version in Extensible Markup Language, XML, demarcation language that proves mechanisms of communication of data developed by the Science of the Computation, characterizing the theoretical referencial of the research starting from the existent interdisciplinary. The objective of the research is to detach the importance of XML for the Science of the Information, starting from the own structure of the language and of studies on Forms of Representation, introducing the version MARC 21 in XML as appropriate tool for documentary representation. The proposition presents theoretical and methodological subsidies that it detaches MARC 21 in its version XML as a relevant option of documentary representation, and it promotes a discussion about the need of development of software tools and not of new representation methods. Technical evidences about MARC 21 XML and the indication of the version MARC 21 in XML as appropriate method for documentary representation will base the proposition. Starting from an analysis methodology, it was verified that the need of development of methods and theories for the grounding of the documentary representation and also of effective implementation of software tools worried with the usability of the interface for optimization of the representation process, they cause difficulties in the presentation of a good cataloguing, especially, in what refers to the representation, description and exchange... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Orientador: Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa Santos / Banca: Zaira Regina Zafalon / Banca: Silvana Aparecida Borsetti G. Vidotti / Resumo: Os Formatos MARC 21 são padrões de metadados internacionalmente utilizados no domínio bibliográfico para o intercâmbio de registros. Apesar da importância desses e de outros padrões de metadados internacionalmente aceitos, existem sistemas de gerenciamento de bibliotecas que utilizam padrões de metadados próprios, o que reduz as possibilidades de intercâmbio de registros e pode ocasionar conflitos durante a migração entre sistemas. Diante dos sistemas de gerenciamento de bibliotecas que não utilizam qualquer padrão de metadados internacionalmente aceito, tem-se como problema a conversão dos registros desses sistemas em registros nos Formatos MARC 21. Para que possam ser processados, os registros nos Formatos MARC 21 devem estar codificados de forma que seu conteúdo possa ser identificado por aplicações de informática. As tecnologias para essa codificação têm evoluído da tradicional norma ISO 2709 até a Extensible Markup Language (XML). A codificação com a XML trouxe a possibilidade de converter os registros utilizando folhas de estilo de transformação elaboradas com a linguagem Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT). Considerando a necessidade de converter registros para os Formatos MARC 21 e as possibilidades trazidas pela XML, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é elaborar um modelo para a conversão de registros de distintos padrões de metadados codificados com a XML em registros nos Formatos MARC 21, tendo como um dos pontos centrais desse modelo a utilização de folhas de estilo de transformação elaboradas com a XSLT. Para esse objetivo, é realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre a conversão de registros, os Formatos MARC 21, a ISO 2709, a XML, a XSLT e o MARCXML. São destacados os principais aspectos da utilização da XML na codificação de documentos e as possibilidades oferecidas pela XSLT... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: MARC 21 Formats are metadata standards internationally used for records interchange in bibliographic domain. Despite the importance of the MARC 21 Formats and other international metadata standards, there are integrated library systems that use their own metadata standard. The non-use of international metadata standards decreases the possibilities of records interchange and it might cause problems during data migration between systems. In face to the integrated library systems that do not use international metadata standards, our research question is the conversion of the records from these systems to MARC 21 records. In order to be read, MARC 21 records must be coded in such a way that allows informatics applications to recognize the record content. The technologies used for this codification have evolved from traditional ISO 2709 standard to Extensible Markup Language (XML). The use of XML in the codification gave us the possibility to use transformation stylesheets created with Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT) for the records conversion. Considering the need of records conversion and the possibilities brought by XML, we aim to develop a model for conversion of records that were created with different metadata standards and are coded in XML to MARC 21 records using XSLT stylesheets. For this purpose, we made a literature review about record conversion, MARC 21 Formats, ISO 2709, XML, XSLT and MARCXML. We highlighted the main issues on the use of the XML for documents codification and the possibilities provided by XSLT. In order to discuss the relation between MARC 21 and XML, we presented MARCXML markup language. Starting from the literature review, we developed a model for record conversion and described its components and its steps, as well as its validation through the use in the conversion... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6076.pdf: 4397186 bytes, checksum: d8416c2f12c1e128c75b2a82a7bbec86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-07 / The rural development in the Brazilian South and Southeast started in the mid-eighteenth century, initially by mining and later by coffee and sugar cane crops. Besides the economic development, the architecture and culture are highlights from these regions. In order to describe tangible and intangible rural heritage from these farms, it was developed the Information Description Standard (IDS) using theoretical and methodological Information and computer sciences precepts. The IDS is compound by 13 description groups according to the scope, content and kind of heritage assets. The parameters to obtain a completed and detailed description of the heritage assets were taken from codes, standards and librarianship, archival, museological and computer science roadmaps. This research conducted a comparative study between the IDS description fields and the standard Machine Readable Cataloging (MARC 21), widely used in libraries. The methodology used a theoretical study on rural heritage and cataloging, highlighting the MARC 21 standard, followed by the comparative analysis of IDS and MARC 21. As a result, it was pointed out that the IDS needs of small interventions to enable a more complete description of the properties identified in São Paulo historic farms. In the end, it was concluded that IDS is able to perform the descriptive representation of the rural heritage satisfactorily. / O desenvolvimento rural das regiões Sudeste e Sul brasileiras deu-se em meados do século XVIII, primeiramente com a mineração e posteriormente com as culturas de café e cana-de-açúcar. Além do desenvolvimento econômico, destacam-se as riquezas arquitetônicas e culturais desses espaços. A fim de descrever bens patrimoniais rurais materiais e imateriais existentes nestas fazendas, criou-se o Padrão de Descrição de Informação (PDI), utilizando-se de preceitos teóricos e metodológicos das Ciências da Informação e da Computação. O PDI é composto por 13 grupos de descrição, conforme o campo, o conteúdo e a natureza do bem patrimonial. Os parâmetros para obtenção de uma descrição abrangente e exaustiva dos bens foram retirados de códigos, normas e roteiros biblioteconômicos, arquivísticos, museológicos e informáticos. A presente pesquisa realizou um estudo comparativo entre os campos de descrição do PDI e o padrão MAchine Readable Cataloging (MARC 21), largamente utilizado em bibliotecas. A metodologia constou de um estudo teórico sobre patrimônio rural e sobre catalogação, com destaque para o padrão MARC 21, seguido da análise comparativa do PDI e MARC 21. Como resultados, apontou-se que o PDI necessita de pequenas intervenções a fim de permitir uma descrição mais completa dos bens patrimoniais materiais identificados nas fazendas históricas paulistas. Concluiu-se que o PDI é capaz de realizar a representação descritiva do bem patrimonial material rural de modo satisfatório.

Orientador: Milton Carlos Costa / Banca: Fernando Novais / Banca: Ullysses Telles Guariba Neto / Resumo: Esta dissertação aborda dois cursos de Lucien Febvre, proferidos no Collège de France entre os anos de 1944 e 1947. A partir de seus dois livros publicados postumamente: L'Europe: genèse d'une civilisation (1999) e Honneur et Patrie (1996), procuramos mapear primeiramente o conceito de Europa, e posteriormente, o surgimento de uma pátria cristã, passando pela européia, e por fim, o fortalecimento de um ideal da pátria francesa, após o século XVII. Toda essa problemática levantada por Lucien Febvre foi dada como um reflexo do contexto em que a Europa, principalmente a França se encontrava, no período da ocupação alemã em seu solo. Observamos que ao realizar tais estudos, Lucien Febvre utilizou-se da psicologia histórica, aplicando em todos os seus cursos, o conceito de outillage mental para mapear essa Europa, mas, principalmente, para tentar compreender sua "trágica" França / Abstract: This paper deals with two Lucien Febvre's courses, held in Collège de France between 1944 and 1947. From his two after death published books, L'Europe: genèse d'une civilisation (1999) and Honneur et Patrie (1996), the intention is, first of all, to map the Europe's concept and then the arising of a Christian country, going through the European country, to finally the strengthening of an ideal French's country, after the XVII Century. All this subject matter proposed by Lucien Febvre was taken as a reflex of the context in which Europe, specially France was living at that time, with the German invasion in French's soil. Carrying out his studies, Lucien Febvre has used historical psychology, providing in all his courses the "mental outillage" concept to map that Europe, but specially his "tragical" France / Mestre

Ma thèse s’inspire des possibilités d’analyses que permet l’évocation de l’espace forestier en littérature. En étudiant La quête d’Alexandre d’Hélène Brodeur, L’Obomsawin de Daniel Poliquin et Un vent se lève qui éparpille de Jean Marc Dalpé, je montre que la forêt du Nord ne sert pas exclusivement de cadre à la diégèse, mais elle participe tantôt à la structure sémiotique de l’œuvre en suscitant les émotions des personnages, devient parfois personnage, et symbolise ailleurs une quête utopique. Ce travail se fonde sur l’approche géocritique, cette « manière de concevoir [la littérature] comme un espace imaginaire » et les travaux de Gaston Bachelard, de Robert Harrison, de Catherine Addison et de Margaret Atwood qui ont exploré les liens entre l’espace forestier et les significations qui lui ont été associées.

Cette thèse vise à revenir sur l’histoire d’une grève qui a déjà fait l’objet d’une recherche de terrain, minutieusement documentée, il y a trente ans de cela dans l’ouvrage Une communauté en colère : La grève contre Amoco Fabrics à Hawkesbury en 1980. Notre étude cherchera à démontrer que la grève d’Amoco de 1980 représente un cas de figure permettant d’analyser les rapports entre le social et le national à travers les modalités d’intervention de trois intellectuels durant et après cette grève: la publication scientifique et militante : Serge Denis, politologue ; l’animation sociale : Richard Hudon, animateur social ; et l’art théâtral : Jean-Marc Dalpé, poète, dramaturge, écrivain, comédien. Fondée sur l’analyse des entretiens effectués avec ces trois acteurs et la recherche socio-historique, cette thèse propose de réfléchir au besoin de transmettre aux générations futures l’histoire ouvrière populaire propre aux Franco-Ontarien(ne)s à laquelle se rattache l’évènement que fut la grève d’Amoco.

Avancer que le texte littéraire a joué un rôle dans l’évolution des pratiques d’enseignement / apprentissage du FLE peut paraître une évidence. Pourtant, la place accordée aux textes littéraires diffère dans le temps. Or, c’est à un moment où les manuels de cours se détournaient le plus de ces textes que des didacticiens spécialistes du FLE se sont servi presque paradoxalement de la littérature pour élaborer de nouvelles activités qui devaient révolutionner la façon d’enseigner et d’apprendre la matière. Élaborées dans la période des années post soixante-huit, ces activités ont modifié à la fois le rôle de l’enseignant et la place de l’apprenant dans la classe. À l’instar de la littérature qu’il enseignait jusqu’alors, le premier perdait de son influence et se muait en animateur bienveillant. Quant au second, il devenait désormais actif et gagnait en autonomie. Libérées des méthodes du passé, les deux parties poussées à plus d’investissement personnel, devaient également trouver plus de plaisir dans leurs nouveaux rôles.Les littératures à l’origine de ce bouleversement sont dites « créatives ». Leurs modes de production reposent soit sur des techniques visant à libérer les auteurs des règles enclavant leur inventivité, soit sur des contraintes favorisant la production d’énoncés répondant à des modèles préétablis. Il va sans dire qu’appliquées dans les cours de FLE, les deux façons de procéder devaient conduire les apprenants à produire des textes dits créatifs à leur tour. La présente recherche porte sur les textes littéraires utilisés et les exercices qu’ils ont engendrés. / To advance that the literary text has always played a part in the evolution of the practices of teaching/training of French as Foreign Language (FFL) is an obviousness. The place granted to it differs of course in time. However, it is at the moment when the handbooks were turning away from these texts that the didacticians, specialists in FFL, made use of the literature to work out new activities. The latter were to revolutionize the way of teaching and learning the matter. Worked out during the years of post-68, these activities modified the role of the teacher as well as the place of the learner in the class. Following the example of the literature which he taught hitherto, the first lost of its influence and turned into a benevolent instructor. As for the second, from then it became active and gained in autonomy. Released from the methods of the past, the two thorough parts with more personal investment were to also find more pleasure in their new roles.The literatures at the origin of this upheaval are known as «creative». Their modes of production rest either on techniques aiming at releasing the authors of the rules wedging their inventiveness or on constraints supporting the production of types based on prerequisites. It goes without saying that, applied to the FFL courses, the two ways of proceeding should lead learners in turn to produce texts known as «creative». The present research relates to the various literary techniques used and the exercises which they generated.

This mixed-method study explored cataloger’s judgment through the presence of text as entered by catalogers for the 11 electronic resource items during the National Libraries test for Resource Description and Access (RDA). Although the literature discusses cataloger’s judgment and suggests that cataloging practice based on new cataloging code RDA will more heavily rely on cataloger’s judgment, the topic of cataloger’s judgment in RDA cataloging was not formally studied. The purpose of this study was to study the differences and similarities in the MARC records created as a part of the RDA National Test and to determine if the theory of bounded rationality could explain cataloger’s judgment based on the constructs of cognitive and temporal limits. This goal was addressed through a content analysis of the MARC records and various statistical tests (Pearson’s Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, and Cramer’s V). Analysis of 217 MARC records was performed on seven elements of the bibliographic record. This study found that there were both similarities and differences among the various groups of participants, and there are indications that both support and refute the assertion that catalogers make decisions based on the constructs of time and cognitive ability. Future research is needed to be able to determine if bounded rationality is able to explain cataloger’s judgment; however, there are indicators that both support and refute this assertion. The findings from this research have implications for the cataloging community through the provision of training opportunities for catalogers, evaluating workflows, ensuring the proper indexing of bibliographic records for discovery, and recommended edits to RDA.

This thesis was focused on the possibility of secondary utilization of waste material from the wine industry to remove heavy metals from wastewater. In the theoretical part, there were discussed mainly the problems of heavy metals pollution including methods of their removal and ICP-OES detection. Furthermore, the waste material from the wine production and the possibilities of its further processing were discussed there. The primary objective of the experimental part was to characterize the material by IR analysis, optimization of adsorption conditions, isotherms construction and determination of maximum adsorption capacities of white, red and chemically modified marc for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb. From the parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency, the adsorbent load was optimized (m/V ratio = 0,02); pH values found were 5 for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and 3 for Cr and the contact time to reach the equilibrium was 15 minutes for Cd, Ni, Pb and 30 minutes for Cr and Cu. Maximum adsorption capacity for heavy metals were calculated from adsorption isotherms by applying the Langmuir model and found to be 18,829 7 mg/g for Cd; 10,664 7 mg/g for Ni; 35,602 0 mg/g for Pb (modified marc with 1M NaOH); 4,678 4 mg/g for Cu and 9,629 0 mg/g for Cr. The results of the work confirm the good adsorption potential of heavy metals on marc and the positive effect of chemical modification of natural biosorbents to improve their adsorption capacity.

No description available.