Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-04-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:29:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_nf_me_sjrp.pdf: 225441 bytes, checksum: 7f1bfa1626302be5ede2d3155f2d4c2b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho foi analisada uma rede unidimensional composta por sistemas massamola com um potencial de Rosen-Morse on site. Esse tipo de rede é usado para estudar propriedades termodinâmicas do DNA, particularmente sua desnaturação térmica. No contexto do presente trabalho, o potencial de Rosen-Morse simula as ligações de hidrogênio entre a dupla fita da molécula. A partir do gráfico do estiramento médio dos pares de base versus temperatura se observou a desnaturação térmica do sistema. Esse resultado mostra que é possível obter transição de fase com um potencial sem uma barreira infinita, porém assimétrico. Outro resultado obtido é a forma da curva, que mostrou uma transição ligeiramente mais abrupta em comparação com a curva de transição feita para o potencial de Morse on site usado no modelo original de Peyrard-Bishop. Esse comportamento é encontrado em modelos que buscam uma melhor aproximação entre o modelo e os resultados experimentais de desnaturação térmica para o DNA / In this work, it was analyzed a one-dimensional lattice formed by mass-spring systems with an additional Rosen-Morse potential on site. This kind of lattice is used to study thermodynamic properties of DNA, in particular the thermal denaturation. In the context of this work, the Rosen-Morse potential simulates the hydrogen bounds between the double helix of the DNA. The graphic of the average base pairs stretching in function of temperature gives information about the thermal denaturation of the macromolecule. This result shows that it is possible to obtain phase transition using an asymmetric potential on site without an infinite barrier. The graphic also showed a sharp denaturation in comparison with the transition curve obtained when the Morse potential on site is used in the original Peyrard- Bishop model. This behavior improves the model

Conexões em cone morse foram desenvolvidas para melhorar as propriedades biomecânicas e reduzir os problemas mecânicos encontrados nos sistemas de hexágono externo e interno. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de dois estudos que investigaram as propriedades biomecânicas da conexão implante/pilar protético em implantes do sistema cone morse. A proposta do primeiro estudo foi avaliar o efeito do carregamento mecânico na perda de torque de pilares protéticos do sistema cone morse, e o efeito de ciclos sucessivos de inserção/remoção no torque de remoção destes pilares. 69 implantes cônicos foram utilizados. Os implantes e pilares foram divididos em 4 grupos: grupos 1 e 3 receberam pilares sólidos, e os grupos 2 e 4(a,b) receberam os pilares com parafuso trespassante. Nos grupos 1 e 2 os torques de instalação foram medidos, os pilares foram removidos, e os torques de remoção foram medidos; dez ciclos de inserção/remoção foram realizados para cada conjunto implante/pilar. Nos grupos 3 e 4(a,b) os pilares foram instalados e carregados mecanicamente; os pilares foram removidos e os torques de remoção foram medidos; dez ciclos de inserção/carregamento mecânico/remoção foram realizados para cada conjunto implante/pilar. Os dados foram analizados com o teste de Student-Newman-Keuls, com um nível de significância de p &le; 0,05%. A perda de torque foi maior nos grupos 4a e 2 (acima de 30%); seguidos pelo grupo 1 (10,5%); grupo 3 (5,4%); e grupo 4b (39% de ganho de torque). Todos os resultados foram significativamente diferentes. A comparação do número de ciclos mostrou que, com o aumento do número de ciclos de inserção/remoção, houve uma tendência de aumento na perda de torque, para todos os tipos de pilares e grupos. Concluiu-se que o carregamento mecânico aumentou o torque de remoção dos pilares carregados em comparação a pilares não-carregados, e que os valores dos torques de remoção decaíram conforme o número de ciclos de inserção/remoção aumentou. O objetivo do segundo estudo foi verificar se as diferenças estruturais entre os sistemas de implantes com conexão em hexágono internos e em cone morse influenciam sua resistência à fratura. Vinte implantes cônicos com dimensões de 4,4mm de diâmetro por 13mm de comprimento foram utilizados: 10 com conexão em hexágono interno (HI) e 10 com conexão em cone morse (CM) de 11,5&deg;. Vinte pilares foram utilizados, 10 para os implantes HI (com um parafuso trespassante de fixação), e 10 para os implantes CM (sólidos). Os testes foram realizados em uma máquina universal de ensaios, com uma célula de carga de 500 kgf, deslocamento de 1mm/min, numa inclinação de 45&deg; a força máxima de deformação (FMD) e a força de fratura (FF) foram analisadas. As informações coletadas foram analizadas com um teste paramétrico (teste \"t\" de Student, p &le; 0,05). A média da FMD para os implantes CM [90.58(6.72)kgf] foi estatisticamente superior à média da FMD para os implantes HI [83.73(4.94)kgf] (p=0.0182). A média da FF para os implantes HI foi 79.86(4.77)kgf. Nenhum dos implantes CM fraturou. Por meio de microscopia óptica, verificou-se que as fraturas nos implantes HI sempre ocorreram no parafuso de fixação. Embora os implantes CM não tenham fraturado, eles sofreram deformações permanentes em sua plataforma e no pilar protético. É possível concluir que o desenho sólido dos pilares CM proporciona maior resistência à deformação e à fratura em comparação aos pilares HI. / Internal tapered connections were developed to improve biomechanical properties and to reduce mechanical problems found in external and internal hex implants. This work presents the results of two studies that investigated the biomechanical properties of the implant/abutment connection in implants with internal tapered connections. The purpose of the first study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical loading on the torque loss of abutments with internal tapered connections, and the effect of repeated torque cycles on the removal torque of these abutments. 68 conical implants and two abutment types were used. The implants and abutments were divided into 4 groups: groups 1 and 3 received the solid abutments, groups 2 and 4(a,b) received the trespassing screw abutments. In groups 1 and 2 installation torques of the abutments were measured, the abutments were uninstalled, and removal torques were measured; ten insertion/removal cycles were performed for each implant/abutment assembly. In groups 3 and 4(a,b) the abutments were installed, mechanically loaded, uninstalled, and removal torques were measured; ten insertion/mechanical loading/removal cycles were performed for each implant/abutment assembly. Data were analyzed with the Student-Newman-Keuls test, with a significance level of p &le; 0.05. Torque loss was greater in groups 4a and 2 (over 30%), followed by group 1 (10.5%), group 3 (5.4%) and group 4b (39% torque gain). All results were significantly different. The comparison of the number of cycles showed that, as the insertion/removal cycles increased, removal torques tended to be lower, for all abutment types and groups. It was concluded that mechanical loading increased loosening torque of loaded abutments in comparison to unloaded abutments, and removal torque values decrease as the number of insertion/removal cycles increase. The objective of the second study was to verify if the differences in the design of the internal hex and the internal tapered connection implant systems influence their fracture resistance. Twenty tapered implants with dimensions of 4.3mm X 13mm were utilized: 10 with an internal hex (IH) connection and 10 with an 11.5&deg; conical tapered (CT) connection. Twenty abutments were utilized, 10 for the IH implants (with a trespassing fixation screw), and 10 for the CT implants (solid). The tests were carried out in a universal testing machine, with a 500kgf load cell, 1mm/min dislocation, and 45 degrees angulation. The maximum deformation force (MDF) and the fracture force (FF) were analyzed. The collected data were analyzed with a parametric test (Student\'s t, p<.05). The average MDF for the CT implants [90.58(6.72)kgf] was statistically higher than the average MDF for the IH implants [83.73(4.94)kgf] (p=0.0182). The average FF for the IH implants was 79.86(4.77)kgf. None of the CT implants fractured. By means of optical micrography, it was verified that the fractures in the IH implants occurred always in the fixation screw. Although the CT implants did not fracture, they showed permanent deformations in the abutment and in the platform. It is possible to conclude that the solid design of the CT abutments provides greater resistance to deformation and fracture when compared to the IH abutments.

Soit M une variété lisse fermée et considérons sont fibré cotangent T*M muni de la structure symplectique usuelle induite par la forme de Liouville. Une hypersurface S de T*M$ est dite étoilée fibre par fibre si pour tout point q de M, l'intersection Sq de S avec la fibre au dessus de q est le bord d'un domaine étoilé par rapport à l'origine 0q de la fibre T*qM. Un flot est naturellement associé à S, il s'agit de l'unique flot généré par le champ de Reeb le long de S, le flot de Reeb. <p><p>L'existence d'une orbite orbite fermée du flot de Reeb sur S fut annoncée par Weinstein dans sa conjecture en 1978. Indépendamment, Weinstein et Rabinowitz ont montré l'existence d'une orbite fermée sur les hypersurfaces de type étoilées dans l'espace réel de dimension 2n. Sous les hypothèses précédentes, l'existence d'une orbite fermée fut démontrée par Hofer et Viterbo. Dans le cas particulier du flot géodésique, l'existence de plusieurs orbites fermées fut notamment étudiée par Gromov, Paternain et Paternain-Petean. Dans cette thèse, ces résultats sont généralisés. <p><p>Les résultats principaux de cette thèse montrent que la structure topologique de la variété M implique, pour toute hypersurface étoilée fibre par fibre, l'existence de beaucoup d'orbites fermées du flot de Reeb. Plus précisément, une borne inférieure de la croissance du nombre d'orbites fermées du flot de Reeb en fonction de leur période est mise en évidence. /<p><p>Let M be a smooth closed manifold and denote by T*M the cotangent bundle over M endowed with its usual symplectic structure induced by the Liouville form. A hypersurface S of T*M is said to be fiberwise starshaped if for each point q in M the intersection Sq of S with the fiber at q bounds a domain starshaped with respect to the origin 0q in T*qM. There is a flow naturally associated to S, generated by the unique Reeb vector field R along S ,the Reeb flow. <p><p>The existence of one closed orbit was conjectured by Weinstein in 1978 in a more general setting. Independently, Weinstein and Rabinowitz established the existence of a closed orbit on star-like hypersurfaces in the 2n-dimensional real space. In our setting the Weinstein conjecture without the assumption was proved in 1988 by Hofer and Viterbo. The existence of many closed orbits has already been well studied in the special case of the geodesic flow, for example by Gromov, Paternain and Paternain-Petean. In this thesis we will generalize their results.<p><p>The main result of this thesis is to prove that the topological structure of $M$ forces, for all fiberwise starshaped hypersurfaces S, the existence of many closed orbits of the Reeb flow on S. More precisely, we shall give a lower bound of the growth rate of the number of closed Reeb-orbits in terms of their periods. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis analyses the semialgebraic sets, that is, a finite union of solu- tions to a finite sequence of polynomial inequalities. We introduce a notion of cylindrical algebraic decomposition as a tool for the construction of a semialge- braic stratification and a triangulation of a semialgebraic set. On this basis, we prove several important and well-known results of real algebraic geometry, such as Hardt's semialgebraic triviality or Sard's theorem. Drawing on Morse theory, we finally give a proof of a Thom-Milnor bound for a sum of Betti numbers of a real algebraic set. 1

No description available.

Normal shock problems in high enthalpy flows are of special interests to aerodynamicists and fluid dynamicists. When the shock Mach number become hypersonic and increasing further, the gas passing through the shock is compressed resulting in increase in temperature and pressure. As the Mach number increases the internal degrees of freedom of the diatomic molecules are activated to an increasing extent when it crosses the shock resulting dissociation especially for high enthalpy flows. Hence dissociation of diatomic molecules must be taken into account in the determination of some of the aerodynamic parameters. This thermal and chemical process can be divided into three types such as nearly frozen, non-equilibrium and nearly non-equilibrium depending on the rates of reaction and excitation. For typical re-entry conditions of spacecrafts into a planets atmosphere, dissociation reactions of the molecules is dominant in the stagnation flow. Further in the stagnation region of the flow field one of the most important parameter that characterizes the flow field is the shock stand-off distance. This parameter is often employed for validation purposes of numerical methods as well as for non-reactive and reactive gases. For high Mach number flows the shock is very close to the body hence experimental determination of shock stand-off distance is very difficult and there would be relatively large errors. Therefore the theoretical determination of this parameter is of great significance in the discussion of this physical phenomenon. There are some works which presents how the dissociation behind shock affects the shock stand-off distance. Thus the dissociation behind the shock is a very important process which has great impact in aerodynamic flight and design. In this present work we studied how dissociation of diatoms occur behind a normal shock. Treanor and Marrone (1962) proposed CVD(coupled vibration-dissociation) model for diatoms by assuming diatom as a harmonic oscillator with a cut-off level. But actually diatoms are not harmonic oscillator, because spectroscopic data of energy level spacing is not like harmonic oscillator. For this reason, Treanor, Rich, and Rehm(1968) used anharmonic oscillator model for diatoms to study vibrational relaxation. Taking the anharmonicity of diatom, Philip Morse(1929) gave a formula for potential energy levels for diatoms, which is known to express the experimental values quite accurately. Unlike the energy levels of the harmonic oscillator potential, which are evenly spaced , the Morse potential level spacing decreases as the energy approaches the dissociation energy and then it is continuous. So it is quite accurate to take Morse oscillator theory for diatomic dissociation instead of harmonic oscillator with a cut-off level. We have used Morse oscillator theory to derive a dissociation-recombination reaction rate equation for diatom. To derive the rate equation we have used the transition probability between different vibrational energy levels . The rate equation is numerically solved to get the different flow variables behind the shock. The result of the present work has been compared with some of the previous work. Some of the flow variables are well matching with the previous work and some has discrepancy near the shock but well matching after few distance from the shock. We have also studied under what conditions the post shock flow shows self-similar behavior in its scaling relations. It is shown that as far as there is no dissociation, we could expect to obtain self-similar solutions. However, when there is dissociation, the non-equillibrium nature of the phenomenon disrupts the self-similar nature of the flow.

One and a half million people are currently living in residential care facilities; as the baby boomer generation ages, this number will increase to 3 million. Approximately 3 out of 4 residents of these facilities fall each year, and 10% to 20% of those falls result in serious injuries such as fractures, disability, and a decreased quality of living. The BOUNCE Back fall initiative is a multifactorial program that uses a systematic approach starting on admission and to re-evaluate a resident following a fall. Nursing and therapy uses the Morse Fall Scale and the Elderly Mobility Scale to assess and categorize the resident's risk for falls. Guided by Lewin's theory of change, this project was designed to assess the effectiveness of the fall initiative as a quality improvement 60-day (August 2016- September 2016) pilot study in a skilled nursing and rehabilitation facility as a potential means to reduce the number of resident falls. Sixty residents (aged 64 to 98, mean age 81) were assessed at a minimum 2 time points to determine their level of fall risk and needed intervention, within 60 minutes of admission to the facility and 7 days postadmission. De-identified pre- and post-implementation data were provided from the corporate quality measure database, entered into a spreadsheet, and numbers were compared. As a result of the fall prevention pilot, for August 2016, 5 falls occurred with no repeat fallers; September 2016, 3 falls with 1 repeat faller which is a significant decrease from 14-22 falls occurring per month for 2 consecutive years. Following implementation, the facility scored 3%-5% for the number of falls, which is below the 7% threshold set forth by the pilot facility's corporate office. Prior to the implementation of the initiative, the facility had not met the 7% fall threshold in 2 years

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis presents the results of an analysis of predicting phytoplankton pigment concentrations (chlorophyll a and phycocyanin) from remotely sensed imagery. Hyperspectral airborne and hand-held reflectance spectra were acquired on three reservoirs (Geist, Morse and Eagle Creek) in Central Indiana, USA. Concurrent with the reflectance acquisition, in situ samples were collected and analyzed in laboratories to quantify the pigment concentration and other water quality parameters. The resultant concentration was then linked to Airborne Imaging Spectrometer for Applications (AISA) reflectance spectra for the sampling stations to develop predictive models. AISA reflectance spectra were extracted from the imagery which had been processed for radiometric calibration and geometric correction. Several previously published algorithms were examined for the estimation of pigment concentration from the spectra. High coefficients of determination were achieved for predicting chlorophyll a in two of the three reservoirs (Geist R2 = 0.712, Morse R2 = 0.895 and Eagle Creek Reservoir R2 = 0.392). This situation was similar for PC prediction, where two of the three reservoirs had high coefficients of determination between pigment concentration and reflectance (Geist R2 = 0.805, Morse R2 = 0.878 and Eagle Creek Reservoir R2 = 0.316). The results of this study show that reflectance spectra collected with an airborne hyperspectral imager are statistically significant, p < 0.03, in predicting chlorophyll a and phycocyanin pigment concentration in all three reservoirs in this study without the consideration of other parameters. The algorithms were then applied to the AISA image to generate high spatial resolution (1 m2) maps of Chlorophyll a and Phycocyanin distribution for each reservoir.

No description available.

<p>This dissertation establishes a variety of limit theorems pertaining to rare events in stochastic topology, exploiting probabilistic methods to study simplicial complex models. We focus on the filtration of \vc ech complexes and examine the asymptotic behavior of two topological functionals: the Betti numbers and critical faces. The filtration involves a parameter rn>0 that determines the growth rate of underlying Cech complexes. If rn depends also on the time parameter t, the obtained limit theorems will be established in a functional sense.</p> <p>The first part of this dissertation is devoted to investigating the layered structure of topological complexity in the tail of a probability distribution. We establish the functional strong law of large numbers for Betti numbers, a basic quantifier of algebraic topology, of a geometric complex outside an open ball of radius Rn, such that Rn to infinity as the sample size n increases. The nature of the obtained law of large numbers is determined by the decay rate of a probability density. It especially depends on whether the tail of a density decays at a regularly varying rate or an exponentially decaying rate. The nature of the limit theorem depends also on how rapidly Rn diverges. In particular, if Rn diverges sufficiently slowly, the limiting function in the law of large numbers is crucially affected by the emergence of arbitrarily large connected components supporting topological cycles in the limit.</p> <p>The second part of this dissertation investigates convergence of point processes associated with critical faces for a Cech filtration built over a homogeneous Poisson point process in the d-dimensional flat torus. The convergence of our point process is established in terms of the  Mo-topology, when the connecting radius of a Cech complex decays to 0, so slowly that critical faces are even less likely to occur than those in the regime of threshold for homological connectivity. We also obtain a series of limit theorems for positive and negative critical faces, all of which are considerably analogous to those for critical faces.</p>