Avec une oeuvre dense et complexe, Sylvie Germain constitue aujourd'hui l'une des figures marquantes du paysage littéraire français. A partir d'un corpus formé d'une dizaine de romans, représentatifs de son oeuvre, cette étude essaie d'explorer son univers romanesque qui trouverait son fondement dans le Cosmos et ses quatre éléments. L'objet de cette thèse est donc l'étude de la place et de la fonction symboliques de l'imagination matérielle dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Sylvie Germain. Cette dernière met l'accent sur l'importance de l'hérédité, de la racine, de la transmission et des éléments qui marquent une mémoire familiale. En adoptant les approches thématique et psychanalytique, cette étude est menée sous l'angle du couple antithétique : enracinement/déracinement que nous nous proposons d'approcher d'abord dans son acception géographique pour l'étendre ensuite à toute forme d'arrachement, qu'il soit psychologique ou métaphysique. Nous nous proposons également de démontrer que ces deux désirs d'enracinement et de déracinement créent une nouvelle typologie humaine qui remplacerait l'ancienne typologie nomades/sédentaires. La volonté de déracinement se traduit souvent par une volonté de faire table rase du passé et de s'arracher à une filiation, tandis que l'enracinement exige un travail de réconciliation avec le passé et une quête de la filiation. Enfin, pour écrire cette oeuvre de mémoire, Germain développe un jeu intertextuel et intratextuel et inscrit son texte dans la filiation des récits de commencements et dans une tradition littéraire auxquels elle ne cesse de se ressourcer. / With a dense and complex work of fiction, Sylvie Germain has become a prominent figure in modern French literature. Refering to a large corpus of works illustrative of her fiction, this study attempts to explore her fictional universe that is based on the cosmos and its four elements. The subject of this thesis is therefore the study of space and the symbolic function of material imagination in Germain's novels. In fact, she puts emphasis on the importance of inheritance, roots, transmission, and the elements that mark a family memory. Germain resurrects the rootedness and uprootedness problematic that appeared in French literature in the beginning of the 20th century. Following the thematic and psychoanalytical approaches, this study is built on the binary opposition: rootedness and uprootedness, first within a geographical framework, which later extends to every form of extraction, be it psychological or metaphysical. This study also attempts to prove that both desires of rootedness and uprootedness create a new human typology that would replace the old nomadic/sedentary typology. The will for uprootedness is often translated by the will to make a tabula rasa of the past and to split from a filiation, whereas rootedness requires reconciliation with the past and implies a quest for filiation. Finally, in order to depict memory, Germain develops a pattern of intertextuality and intratextuality, inscribing her text in the line of genesis narratives and in a literary tradition, which both ceaselessly inspire her work.

Cette thèse met en valeur une correspondance entre le système visuel humain d’un point de vue strictement scientifique et une expression plastique personnelle associant installations et photographies questionnant la mal-voyance. Comment rendre l'art accessible à tous ? Pour répondre à cette question nous avons interrogé les relations entre art et science et montré qu’ils sont tous deux concernés par la perception : l’art, car il développe une approche sensible, la science, car elle s’appuie sur une connaissance approfondie de l’œil et peut en pallier les défaillances. Nous avons étudié la perception d’un point vue théorique en nous attardant sur la théorie de la Gestalt, ainsi que les phénomènes que constituent les illusions et la synesthésie qui met en avant l’association des sens. Nous avons ensuite abordé la cécité à partir des points de vue terminologique et statistique, puis du vécu psychique et pratique du mal-voyant. Forts de cela, notre propos repère comment s’impose la figure de l’aveugle dans la culture occidentale à travers la littérature et les arts. De sa considération au cours de la Grèce antique à l’ouvrage, Les Aveugles, de Sophie Calle en passant par le Picasso mélancolique de la période bleue, nous avons pu apprécier l’évolution de son image. Il est alors temps de se pencher sur les rapports que le mal-voyant entretient avec l’art et, dans ce cadre l’intérêt que peut revêtir le braille qui infiltre la peinture, la sculpture, la photographie, la performance, etc. Comment appréhender l’art sans passer par le visuel en développant tous les autres sens ou en misant sur l’économie du visible ? L’architecture quant-à elle s’adapte aux normes juridiques tout en développant une créativité qui enrichit le vivre ensemble. Les innovations de la science en arrivent à proposer des outils révolutionnaires comme les dispositifs de substitution sensorielle, l’œil artificiel, ou encore un appareil photographie pour les mal-voyants. La perception étant la clé d’une communication entre voyant et mal-voyant. / This dissertation focuses on the link between the human visual system – examined from a scientific point of view – and the personal plastic expression relating facilities and photographs which deal with visual impairment. How can art be made accessible to everybody? To answer this question I explored the links between art and science and I demonstrated that both deal with perception: art develops our sensitive approach whereas science relies on a deep knowledge of the eye and can alleviate its failures. I examined perception from a theoretical point of view, dwelling on the Gestalt theory as well as on the phenomena deriving from illusions and the synesthesia which emphasizes senses association. I then dealt with blindness, first with its terminology and statistics and then with the psychological and practical life experience of the visually impaired. Against this backdrop, my research led me to investigate the image of the visually impaired through literature and art in western culture. I assessed its evolution first from an analysis of its image in ancient Greece, then through a book entitled Les Aveugles by Sophie Calle and also through the Blue Period of melancholy Picasso. This led me to examine how the visually impaired connect with art in order to gauge how fundamental Braille is in painting, sculpture, photography performance etc. How can we perceive art without resorting to visual perception? By developing all other senses or by relying on visual perception economy? Architecture adapts to legal standards while developing a kind of inventiveness which enriches the “living together”. Regarding scientific innovations, revolutionary tools are being proposed such as sensory replacement devices, the artificial eye or a camera for the visually impaired. The perception being the key of a communication between clairvoyant and visually impaired.

Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2015-11-27T13:46:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1234226 bytes, checksum: 98b140c6c8f0ab74c0cc5a5eb4d2a5a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-27T13:46:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1234226 bytes, checksum: 98b140c6c8f0ab74c0cc5a5eb4d2a5a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Tendo como objeto de estudo o processo de licenciamento docente e a saúde do professor, essa pesquisa busca analisar a situação de mal-estar docente, adoecimento e afastamento dos docentes das salas de aula dos grupos escolares mineiros no início do século XX. Para isso, serão consideradas as relações de trabalho instituídas nas reformas educacionais implantadas pelo governo mineiro nos anos compreendidos entre 1906 e 1930. A escolha por esse recorte temporal se justifica principalmente por ter sido esse um período de mudanças no processo de organização da escola pública primária. A partir da Proclamação da República e após a disseminação dos grupos escolares, ocorreram mudanças nos âmbitos pedagógico e administrativo das instituições escolares, uma vez que a normatização legal produzida acarretou transformações nas relações entre professores, alunos, comunidade e administradores escolares. O que se deduz, portanto, é que as inovações difundidas com a criação desses educandários em Minas Gerais podem ter contribuído para a situação de mal-estar e para o consequente afastamento dos professores da profissão naquele momento histórico. Diante deste quadro, algumas indagações começaram a nos instigar: há relações entre o adoecimento docente e a organização do trabalho pedagógico repercutido pela criação dos grupos escolares? Como se manifestava o processo de adoecimento docente no início do século XX em Minas Gerais (MG)? Essas são, portanto, as questões centrais desse trabalho. Com o intuito de tentar responder às proposições supracitadas, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica acerca da implantação dos grupos e sua relação com um suposto desconforto na profissão. Além das fontes bibliográficas utilizadas na consecução dessa investigação, outra estratégia relevante foi a consulta ao acervo do Arquivo Público Mineiro (APM), com sede em Belo Horizonte (MG). Através das pesquisas documentais realizadas, tornou-se possível localizar fontes primárias como atas, cartas, ofícios, relatórios, atestados médicos etc. Foram problematizados os dados referentes às licenças dos docentes no período estudado, visto que tais documentos poderiam representar a expressão do incômodo a que os professores estavam submetidos no exercício da profissão no período em foco. / Having as its object of study the process of teacher licensing and health teacher, this research aims to analyze the situation of teacher malaise, illness and removal of teachers from classrooms miners school groups in the early twentieth century. To this will be considered the working relationship established in the educational reforms implemented by the state government in the years between 1906 and 1930's. Choice for this time frame is justified mainly because this was a period of change in the process of organizing public elementary school. From the proclamation of the Republic and after the spread of school groups there were changes in the pedagogical and administrative framework of educational institutions, since the produced cool normalization entailed changes in the relations between teachers, students, community and education managers. What emerges, therefore, is that innovations diffused, with the creation of these schools in Minas Gerais may have contributed to the situation of unease and the consequent removal of teachers from the profession at that historic moment. Given this context, some questions began to stir us: There are relationships between teacher illness and organization of educational work reflected by the creation of school groups? As manifested the disease process teaching in the early twentieth century in Minas Gerais (MG)? These are therefore the central issues of this paper. In order to try to answer the above propositions, we conducted a literature search on the deployment of Groups and its relation to an alleged discomfort in the profession. In addition to bibliographical sources used in the completion of this research, another important strategy was to consult the collection of the Arquivo Público Mineiro (APM), based in Belo Horizonte (MG). Through documental research was being able to locate primary sources such as meeting minutes, letters, official reports, medical certificates, etc.. Data concerning the licensing of teachers in the study, since such documents could supposedly represent the expression of annoyance that teachers were submitted in the profession during the period in focus were problematized.

Submitted by MARCOS LEANDRO TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA (marcosteixeira@ufv.br) on 2018-11-01T11:22:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 993827 bytes, checksum: 8498e005f6e2efc67c76122e44845c7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-01T11:22:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 993827 bytes, checksum: 8498e005f6e2efc67c76122e44845c7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-06 / O mal das folhas da seringueira (MDF) é uma doença destrutiva causada pelo fungo Pseudocercospora ulei que pode afetar severamente a seringueira em monocultura na América tropical. O agente causal da doença é um patógeno hemibiotrófico que apresenta crescimento lento in vitro. O isolamento de DNA de boa qualidade em quantidades adequadas não é uma tarefa fácil devido à falta de um protocolo padrão e a dificuldade de cultivar P. ulei em condições de laboratório. Embora o MDF seja conhecido por mais de um século, informações sobre a estrutura genética na região amazônica, seu centro de origem, permanecem desconhecidas. Neste trabalho foram avaliados protocolos adequados para a extração de DNA e a estrutura genética da população de P. ulei na região amazônica. Foram comparados seis protocolos de extração em relação a pureza e ao rendimento do DNA. Um total de 61 isolados foram amostrados ao longo das bacias hidrográficas Madeira, Purus e Juruá localizadas na região amazônica e genotipados para 12 locos SSR. O protocolo de extração de DNA de Doyle e Doyle foi o único que apresentou concentração consistente e melhor qualidade do DNA extraído. Houve desequilíbrio de ligação entre os alelos e diferenciação genética entre populações geograficamente distantes foi detectada. A análise de componentes principais revelou agrupamento dos isolados de acordo com os limites das bacias hidrográficas. Foram formados dois grupos, um constituído pelos indivíduos da bacia do rio Madeira e o outro composto por indivíduos dos rios Purus e Juruá. / South American leaf blight (SALB) is a destructive disease caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora ulei that can severely affect rubber tree in monoculture in tropical America. The causal agent of the disease is a hemibiotrophic pathogen, that grows slowly under in vitro conditions. Isolation of good quality DNA in proper quantities is not an easy task due to the difficulties in the handling of P. ulei under laboratory conditions and the lack of a standard protocol. Although SALB has been known for nearly a century, information on the genetic structure of P. ulei in the Amazon region, its center of origin, remains unknown. In this work, adequate protocols for DNA extraction were assessed and the population genetic structure of P. ulei in the Amazon region was determined using 12 microsatellite loci (SSR). Six extraction protocols were compared regarding yield and purity of the DNA. A total of 61 isolates were sampled along the Madeira, Purus and Juruá watersheds located in the Amazon region and SSR genotyped. The Doyle and Doyle DNA extraction protocol was the one that presented consistent and better quality extracted DNA. There was linkage disequilibrium between alleles and genetic differentiation between geographically distant populations was detected. Principal component analysis revealed clustering of the isolates according to the watershed boundaries. Two groups were formed, one comprised by individuals from the Madeira river and the other comprised of individuals from the Purus and Juruá rivers.

Detta arbete handlar om Debussys sångsamling Cinq poèmes de Baudelaire; musik skriven i en omtumlande period då Debussy anammar det bohemiska pariserlivet. Han ville med detta verk glänsa med sin kompositionsteknik. Arbetet inkluderar en reflektion över sångernas uppbyggnad samt vad som inspirerat dessa; det utforskar även samtiden gällande kompositionen av sångerna. I studien användes François Lesures biografi Claude Debussy: A Critical Biography (2003) samt annan relevant litteratur. Under arbetets gång var syftet att leda fascinationen av verket till en förståelse och klarhet över dess plats i musikhistorien. Cinq poèmes de Baudelaire är sånger som kräver flera genomlyssningar för att begripa. Av denna anledning finns det en problematik i framförandet av sångerna som har varit värdefull att utforska. Framtida utövare av Debussys romansmusik kan få nytta av denna studie. Genom att följa processen, kan såväl pianister som sångare, finna inspiration till sin egen interpretation. / <p>Repertoar, inspelning finns bifogat:</p><p>Claude Debussy - Cinq Poèmes de Charles Baudelaire:</p><p>I. Le Balcon, II. Harmonie du Soir, III. Le Jet d’Eau, IV. Recueillement, V. La Mort des Amants </p><p>Eleonora Poignant - sopran</p><p>Mathilda Sidén Silvfer - mezzo-sopran</p><p>Astrid Banck Linderoth - sopran</p><p></p><p> </p>

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hispánica

La Convention des Nations Unies contre la corruption (CNUCC) a érigé en principe fondamental larestitution internationale des avoirs de la corruption. Bien que partie à la CNUCC, la France n'ajamais restitué de fonds dans le cadre de cette convention contrairement à d'autres États tels que laSuisse. Pourtant, le droit français a été considérablement renforcé au cours des dernières décenniesdans les domaines du recouvrement des avoirs criminels et de la lutte contre la corruptioninternationale. Il est même, en grande partie, conforme à la CNUCC. En outre, la France a toujoursété un État prisé par de nombreux agents publics étrangers dont l'origine licite de la fortune estparfois mise en doute. Le pays demeure également un acteur économique majeur de la scèneinternationale. Dès lors, la question de l'absence de restitution internationale par la France de biensillicites en lien avec la corruption se pose. Ce travail présente les nombreuses évolutions législatives,judiciaires et institutionnelles du droit français, lesquelles ont renforcé le cadre juridique durecouvrement des avoirs et de la lutte contre la corruption internationale. Il suggère, le cas échéant,certaines améliorations. Mais il propose également des réformes importantes afin de rendre effectif lerecouvrement en France des avoirs illicites ainsi que la restitution de biens confisqués aux Étatsvictimes de la corruption. / The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has established the internationalrestitution of corruption-related assets as a fundamental principle. Although France is a State Party ofthe UNCAC, it has never returned any funds in the context of this convention unlike other Statessuch as Switzerland. However, French Law has been substantially strengthened in the areas of assetrecovery and the fight against international corruption over the last few decades. It is even largelycompliant with the UNCAC. Furthermore, France has always been attractive for wealthy foreignpublic officials whose fortune is sometimes questioned. It remains also a major economic player onthe international scale. In this context, the question arises as to why France has not so far returnedany corruption-related assets. This work presents the numerous legislative, judicial or institutionaldevelopments that have recently enhanced the French asset recovery and anti-corruption legalframework. When necessary, it suggests certain improvements. But it also proposes major reforms tomake asset recovery effective in France as well as the return of confiscated funds to the Statesvictims of corruption

Background - Foreseeing, mitigating and preventing cyber-attacks is more important than ever before. Advances in the field of probabilistic threat modelling can help organisations understand their own resilience profile against cyber-attacks. Previous research has proposed MAL, a meta language for capturing the attack logic of a considered domain and running attack simulations in a depicted model of the defender’s system. While this modality is already somewhat established, less is known about how to proactively model containment protocols for when an incident already has occurred. Purpose - By proposing a formalism for how to describe and reason about containment in a MAL-based system-specific model, this study aims to bridge the divide between probabilistic threat modelling and the containment phase in the incident response life-cycle. The main issues are how to formalise containment as well as how to reason about selecting the most beneficial strategy for a considered model. Method - The study firstly sets out to identify practical instances of incident containment in the literature. Then, some of these incidents and respective containment items will be encoded with a novel methodology. A containment strategy selection algorithm will be proposed that guides containment decisions by working with the encoded constructs and a system-specific model. Finally, the encoded items will be verified and the algorithm validated through example scenarios.  Result &amp; Analysis - The verification tests showed that all implementations of encoded constructs yielded results according to expectation. Validity tests also indicated that the algorithm endorsed the correct solution to a significant extent. The null hypothesis, being that the number of correctly predicted containment strategies could be explained strictly by coincidence, was namely rejected by two validity tests with respective p-values of 8:2. 10-12 and 2:9 . 10-17, both &lt; 0:05. Conclusion - The study demonstrates a viable methodology for describing and reasoning about containment of incidents in a MAL-based framework. This was indicated by verification and validity testing that confirmed the correctness of the incident and containment action implementations as well as that the propensity for the algorithm to favour containment strategies that align with human reasoning. / Bakgrund - Att förutse, mildra och förebygga cyberattacker är viktigare än någonsin tidigare. Framsteg inom området kring probabilistisk hotmodellering kan hjälpa organisationer att förstå sin egen motståndskraft mot cyber-attacker. Tidigare forskning har introducerat MAL, ett metaspråk för att fånga attacklogik inom en betraktad domän och köra attack simuleringar i en avbildad model av försvararens system. Medan denna modalitet redan är hyfsat etablerad är det mindre känt hur man aktivt kan modellera inneslutningsprotokoll för tillfällen då en incident redan har inträffat. Syfte - Genom att introducera en formalism för att beskriva och resonera om inneslutningsåtgärder givet en MAL-baserade system-specifika modell hoppas den här studien sammanlänka probabilistisk hotmodellering med inneslutningsfasen inom livscykeln för incidenthantering. Studien arbetar med hur man kan formalisera inneslutningsåtgärder samt hur man kan resonera för att välja den mest fördelaktiga strategin givet en modell. Metod - Studien syftar först till att identifiera praktiska exempel på inneslutning av incidenter i litteraturen. Därefter formaliseras några av dessa exempel på incidenter och inneslutningsåtgärder med en ny metod. En algoritm för att välja bland dessa inneslutningsåtgärder kommer också att introduceras. Slutligen kommer de formaliserade incidenterna och inneslutningsåtgärderna att verifieras samt algoritmen att valideras. Resultat &amp; Analys - Verifieringstesterna visade att alla implementationer gav upphov till resultat som stämde med förväntningarna. Giltighetstester visade också att algoritmen i betydande grad valde rätt lösning. Nollhypotesen, d.v.s. att antalet korrekt förutsagda inneslutningsstrategier kunde förklaras strikt av slumpen, avvisades av två giltighetstester med respektive p-värden på 8; 2 . 10-12 och 2; 9 . 10-17, båda &lt; 0; 05. Slutsats - Studien demonstrerar en realistisk metod för att beskriva och resonera kring inneslutning av incidenter i ett MAL-baserat ramverk. Verifikationstesterna bekräftade att implementationerna av incidenter och inneslutningsåtgärder var korrekta. Giltighetstesterna visade även att algoritmen valde inneslutningsstrategier som stämmer överens med mänskligt omdöme i en signifikant utsträckning.

This paper analyses Gaël Faye's novel, Petit Pays. The focus is on evil in the novel. The research question is how the author denounces the civil war in Rwanda. To do this, the narrative device of focalisation and Hannah Arendt's concept of the banality of evil is used.  Focalisation is the point of view adopted by the author in his narrative to avoid any confusion between the narrative mode (who sees?) and the narrative voice (who speaks?). The banality of evil is a philosophical concept of unprecedented importance because it raises the possibility of the inhuman in all of us. The novel is set against the backdrop of the civil war in Rwanda and told by the narrator, Gabriel, the protagonist a ten-year-old child. The analysis shows that the author denounces Rwanda's civil war by using the focalization, point of view, and sensibility of an innocent boy. Moreover, the concept of the banality of evil helps to understand the crimes committed during the war, that we have studied in several passages of the novel. The result points out that the author shows the atrocity of war in order to denounce it.

We attempt to determine the structure of the automorphism group of a generic circulant graph. We first show that almost all circulant graphs have automorphism groups as small as possible. Dobson has conjectured that almost all of the remaining circulant (di)graphs (those whose automorphism groups are not as small as possible) are normal circulant (di)graphs. We show this conjecture is not true in general, but is true if we consider only those circulant (di)graphs whose orders are in a “large” subset of integers. We note that all non-normal circulant (di)graphs can be classified into two natural classes (generalized wreath products, and deleted wreath type), and show that neither of these classes contains almost every non-normal circulant digraph.