La corrosion des gaines de crayons combustible, en alliage de zirconium, limite la durée de vie des crayons dans les réacteurs à eau légère. Les industriels ont pour objectif à moyen terme d'augmenter la durée des cycles en réacteur, le nombre de cycles et de soumettre ces gaines à des conditions plus sollicitantes. Dans ce cadre, de nouveaux alliages, notamment le Zr-1%Nb, destinés à remplacer le Zircaloy-4 ont été récemment développés et présentent une résistance accrue à la corrosion en réacteur. Améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes de corrosion de ces alliages est donc un enjeu industriel majeur, pour prédire le comportement à long terme de ces matériaux.<br />L'oxydation de deux familles d'alliages a été étudiée sous vapeur d'eau (pression comprise entre 100 millibars et 100 bars) : les alliages de type Zircaloy, dont la composition est basée sur celle du Zircaloy-4 et ceux de type Zr-x%Nb à différentes teneurs en niobium (0,2 ; 0,4 et 1%). Nos objectifs pour ces deux familles d'alliage étaient de comprendre les différences de réactivité de ces matériaux entre la basse et la haute pression de vapeur d'eau, en estimant les variations de la vitesse avec cette variable et l'influence de chaque élément d'addition sur la vitesse. Pour les alliages au niobium, une analyse approfondie de la ségrégation du niobium en surface a également été menée.<br />Au cours de ce travail, une thermobalance à suspension magnétique a été développée et mise en œuvre pour suivre in-situ l'oxydation à haute pression (jusqu'à 50 bars). Cette expérimentation est, à notre connaissance, unique en son genre. Au cours de cette étude, un large domaine de pression a ainsi été balayé en associant expérimentations en thermobalance (0,1-10 bars) et en autoclave (10-100 bars).<br />Les couches d'oxyde formées ont ensuite été caractérisées par différentes techniques telles que le MEB, le MET-HR, la DRX, l'ESCA, la marco- et microphotoélectrochimie (MPEC et mPEC), le SIMS après échange isotopique en H₂¹⁸O.<br />Pour les alliages de la famille du Zircaloy, nous avons confirmé le rôle prépondérant des précipités Zr(Fe,Cr)₂ sur la résistance à la corrosion des gaines, et validé la croissance de la vitesse d'oxydation du zirconium quasi-pur avec la pression partielle de vapeur d'eau. A l'opposé de la très grande stabilité cinétique du Zircaloy-4, dont la vitesse est indépendante de la pression de vapeur d'eau et donc contrôlée par la diffusion de l'oxygène dans la couche, nos résultats nous ont conduits à proposer une étape limitante de réaction d'interface dans le cas du zirconium pur, associée à une forte dégradation de la couche liée à une croissance des grains catalysée par la vapeur d'eau, à l'origine des décohésions entre des amas de cristallites. Les précipités Zr(Fe,Cr)₂ , au travers de la dissolution du fer dans la matrice de zircone environnante, pourraient, en stabilisant la zircone quadratique, assurer l'intégrité de la couche.<br />Pour les alliages Zr-x%Nb et plus particulièrement pour l'alliage Zr-1%Nb, la vitesse d'oxydation est dépendante de la pression partielle de vapeur d'eau. A cela s'ajoute un accroissement sensible de la ségrégation en niobium à la surface, mise en évidence par ESCA, sous la forme Nb₂O₅, mise en évidence par MPEC. La vitesse d'oxydation et la ségrégation en niobium montrent toutes deux une dépendance homographique en fonction de la pression. L'originalité de l'exploitation de ces résultats réside essentiellement dans la proposition d'un mécanisme simple prenant à la fois en compte la ségrégation et l'oxydation. Une étape limitante de diffusion des ions hydroxydes adsorbés dans la couche externe de l'oxyde permet de décrire la majorité des résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur les alliages Zr-x%Nb.

Orientador: Wanderley José de Melo / Banca: Mara Cristina Pessôa da Cruz / Banca: Cassio Hamilton Abreu Junior / Banca: Antonio Enedi Boaretto / Banca: Marcos Omir Marques / Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses anuais de lodo de esgoto (LE) por dez anos consecutivos, no comportamento das formas de nitrogênio em Latossolos cultivados com milho; no estado nutricional, produção de grãos e matéria seca da planta, nos teores de As e Ba no solo e nos teores de As e Ba na folha e no grão de milho. Dois experimentos foram realizados em Jaboticabal (SP), Brasil, sob condições de campo, em blocos ao acaso em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico (LVef) e Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (LVd). Os tratamentos foram aplicações de LE (5, 10 e 20 Mg ha-1, b.s.) e uma testemunha (sem LE e com fertilização NPK). O teor médio de N-total apresentou decréscimo com o aumento da profundidade, e aumentou por efeito das doses de LE nos dois solos. Há movimentação do N-NO3 - para as camadas inferiores do solo no LVd. O teor de N-NH4 + no LVef e LVd mostrou comportamento irregular com o incremento da profundidade, predominando sobre o N-NO3 - até a camada 0,60-0,80 m de profundidade no LVef. Dependendo do LE utilizado, tipo de solo e da dose aplicada o LE provocou incrementos no teor de B, Mg, Mo e Zn acima da faixa considerada adequada para o milho. No LVd houve diferença entre tratamentos no teor de As e Ba no solo com decréscimo da concentração com o aumento da dose de LE. Houve diferença entre tratamentos no teor de Ba extraível pelo Mehlich 3, e diminuição do teor pelo incremento da dose de LE no LVef e LVd. No LVef o teor de As no grão aumentou por efeito da dose de LE aplicada. Nos dois solos houve decréscimo do teor de Ba no grão por efeito dos tratamentos. Em LVd o teor de As e Ba foliar do T0 difere dos tratamentos com lodo de esgoto, observando-se decréscimo da concentração com o aumento da dose de LE. O As e Ba adicionados aos solos pelo lodo de esgoto não afetou a produção de grãos e matéria seca das plantas de milho / Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of annual dosages of Sewage sludge (Ss) during a period of ten years of experimentation, on soil nitrogen response, the nutritional stage, the grain and dry matter yield of maize plants, the As and Ba contents in soil, leaves and grain of maize. Two experiments were carried out in Jaboticabal-SP, Brazil, in randomized blocks under field conditions, in Typic Eutrothox (TH) and Typic Haplorthox. The treatments were, Ss applications rates (5; 10 and 20 Mg ha-1 DW) and a control (without Ss and with NPK fertilization).The average content of total N showed decrease with the rising of depth and increase with the dosages in both soils. The results showed NO3 --N moving to the lower soil layers, in TH. NO4 +-N content in TE and TH showed uneven behavior with the rising of the soil depth, prevailing over NO3 --N until depth layer of 0,60-0,80 m in TE. Depending of the Ss used, soil type and applied dosage the Ss provoked increasing of B, Mg, Mo, and Zn content over the level considered adequate for corn. There was difference between treatments in soil As content in TH, with concentration decrease by the increase of Ss dosage. Ba content determined in TH was affected by treatments showing content decrease by the Ss dosage increase. There was difference between treatments in Ba content extractable by Mehlich 3, and Ba content decrease by increasing of Ss dosage in both soils. In TE As content in corn grain increased by the effect of Ss dosages applied. In both soils decrease of Ba content was found in grain by the effect of Ss treatments. In TH foliar As and Ba content of control treatment differs from Ss treatments, observing decrease of foliar As and Ba concentration by increase of Ss dosage. As and Ba added to the TE and TH by sewage sludge rates didn't affect dry matter and grain yield of maize plants / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alvarezlazo_r_dr_jabo.pdf: 871992 bytes, checksum: f010c0f2b021f5d9309efdc48c4d6d40 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses anuais de lodo de esgoto (LE) por dez anos consecutivos, no comportamento das formas de nitrogênio em Latossolos cultivados com milho; no estado nutricional, produção de grãos e matéria seca da planta, nos teores de As e Ba no solo e nos teores de As e Ba na folha e no grão de milho. Dois experimentos foram realizados em Jaboticabal (SP), Brasil, sob condições de campo, em blocos ao acaso em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico (LVef) e Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (LVd). Os tratamentos foram aplicações de LE (5, 10 e 20 Mg ha-1, b.s.) e uma testemunha (sem LE e com fertilização NPK). O teor médio de N-total apresentou decréscimo com o aumento da profundidade, e aumentou por efeito das doses de LE nos dois solos. Há movimentação do N-NO3 - para as camadas inferiores do solo no LVd. O teor de N-NH4 + no LVef e LVd mostrou comportamento irregular com o incremento da profundidade, predominando sobre o N-NO3 - até a camada 0,60-0,80 m de profundidade no LVef. Dependendo do LE utilizado, tipo de solo e da dose aplicada o LE provocou incrementos no teor de B, Mg, Mo e Zn acima da faixa considerada adequada para o milho. No LVd houve diferença entre tratamentos no teor de As e Ba no solo com decréscimo da concentração com o aumento da dose de LE. Houve diferença entre tratamentos no teor de Ba extraível pelo Mehlich 3, e diminuição do teor pelo incremento da dose de LE no LVef e LVd. No LVef o teor de As no grão aumentou por efeito da dose de LE aplicada. Nos dois solos houve decréscimo do teor de Ba no grão por efeito dos tratamentos. Em LVd o teor de As e Ba foliar do T0 difere dos tratamentos com lodo de esgoto, observando-se decréscimo da concentração com o aumento da dose de LE. O As e Ba adicionados aos solos pelo lodo de esgoto não afetou a produção de grãos e matéria seca das plantas de milho / The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of annual dosages of Sewage sludge (Ss) during a period of ten years of experimentation, on soil nitrogen response, the nutritional stage, the grain and dry matter yield of maize plants, the As and Ba contents in soil, leaves and grain of maize. Two experiments were carried out in Jaboticabal-SP, Brazil, in randomized blocks under field conditions, in Typic Eutrothox (TH) and Typic Haplorthox. The treatments were, Ss applications rates (5; 10 and 20 Mg ha-1 DW) and a control (without Ss and with NPK fertilization).The average content of total N showed decrease with the rising of depth and increase with the dosages in both soils. The results showed NO3 --N moving to the lower soil layers, in TH. NO4 +-N content in TE and TH showed uneven behavior with the rising of the soil depth, prevailing over NO3 --N until depth layer of 0,60-0,80 m in TE. Depending of the Ss used, soil type and applied dosage the Ss provoked increasing of B, Mg, Mo, and Zn content over the level considered adequate for corn. There was difference between treatments in soil As content in TH, with concentration decrease by the increase of Ss dosage. Ba content determined in TH was affected by treatments showing content decrease by the Ss dosage increase. There was difference between treatments in Ba content extractable by Mehlich 3, and Ba content decrease by increasing of Ss dosage in both soils. In TE As content in corn grain increased by the effect of Ss dosages applied. In both soils decrease of Ba content was found in grain by the effect of Ss treatments. In TH foliar As and Ba content of control treatment differs from Ss treatments, observing decrease of foliar As and Ba concentration by increase of Ss dosage. As and Ba added to the TE and TH by sewage sludge rates didn’t affect dry matter and grain yield of maize plants

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-05T18:03:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 annaclaudiarodriguesalves.pdf: 563145 bytes, checksum: c6d2ccd48c1c861d1dea2fbdf8fe4b54 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-06T12:30:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 annaclaudiarodriguesalves.pdf: 563145 bytes, checksum: c6d2ccd48c1c861d1dea2fbdf8fe4b54 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T12:30:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 annaclaudiarodriguesalves.pdf: 563145 bytes, checksum: c6d2ccd48c1c861d1dea2fbdf8fe4b54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-16 / O presente estudo tem por objeto a análise do modo tecnológico de gestão da assistência à saúde no hospital de ensino: HU/CAS/UJFJ, a partir da inter-relação da macro e micropolítica. Por macropolítica entende-se a relação entre o HU/CAS e a rede SUS e micropolítica, a relação institucional entre profissionais e gestores. A pesquisa foi iniciada com a revisão de literatura sobre os fundamentos da gestão do SUS e do conceito de assistência, com base no cuidado em saúde. O instrumento utilizado foi a pesquisa qualitativa com aporte na abordagem dialética, com o sentido de avaliar a concepção dos gestores e profissionais acerca dos processos de gestão e de assistência, considerando as atuais diretrizes organizacionais e políticas do HU/CAS/UFJF. Ao final, a análise dos dados contribuiu para a apresentação de um ensaio sobre o conceito de gestão da assistência, por acreditar no seu potencial de reorientar a operacionalidade das diretrizes do SUS no interior do espaço do hospital de ensino, tendo em vista uma administração qualificada e centrada nas necessidades e demandas da população-usuária. / The aim of this study was to analyze the technological way of health care’ management in the university hospital: HU/CAS/UFJF, from the inter-relationship of macro and micro-policies. It’s defined by macro-policies the relation between the HU/CAS and the SUS, and by micro-policies, the institutional relation between the professionals and the managers. The research started with a review of the literature, based in the health care, about the fundamentals of management of SUS and about the concepts of the health care. The qualitative research, with input in the dialectic approach, was used with the aim of evaluate the conception of managers and the professionals about the management and health care’s process, taking account the current organizational guidelines and policies of the HU/CAS/UFJF. At the end, the analysis of the results contributed for the presentation of a test about the health care’ management concept, that has a great potential at redirect the operationality of the SUS’ organizational guidelines in the university hospital, in a view of an administration qualified and focused on the necessities and demands of the population.

The Master's thesis "ETA in Spanish Fiction Movies: Product or Creator of Spanish Collective Memory?" focuses on the interrelationship between history, cinematic representations and the way individuals perceive the traumatic past of Spanish history related to the Basque separatist organization ETA. Althought in the recent years there has been a proliferation of literature on collective memory, the approach, which this research follows, fills the gap by combining the macro-level (public) and micro-level (personal) of collective memory. Using the dynamics memory perspective, a theoretical framework that has grown popular within the multidisciplinary territories of collective memory scholarship, the thesis analyses four movies dealing with the ETA subject. These works allow us reflect on how the Basque separatist organization is portrayed in Spanish cinema and how this image has changed through time. To complement the investigation at the macrolevel, semi-structured interviews with 14 participants were conducted, searching for answers how cinematic representations influence people's perception of ETA and its actions. In both cases, thematic analysis was employed as a technique of data analysis

Due to their large torque-speed ratio and transmission efficiency, planetary gears are widely used in the automotive industry. However, high amplitude vibrations remain their critical weakness, which limits their usage especially when new strict noise legislations come into action. A new approach to handle the instability problems of planetary gears encountered in real industrial context is presented in this work. First, the dynamic response of a planetary gear failing to pass the noise regulations is theoretically investigated through an analytical model. The equations of motion were solved using the Spectral Iterative Method. The observed experimental results correlated well with those from the developed model. In order to limit the resonance phenomena, impacts of different macro and micro-geometry modifications were analytically investigated: quadratic teeth profile, different planets positioning, different number of teeth and number of planets. Optimum modifications were retrieved and are expected to be tested experimentally on a test bench and on the truck. Finally, the analytical model’s limits and sensitivity to different parameters were investigated in order to certify its reliability, and suggestions for improvements were presented.

No description available.

Cutting movement is still one of the main means to obtain the desired machined surface. As the most representative cutting method in subtractive manufacturing, milling is widely used in industrial production. However, the chatter induced by the dynamic interaction between machine tool and process not only reduces the accuracy of the machined workpiece, but also increases the tool wear and affects the rotary accuracy of the spindle. The stability lobe diagram can provide stable machining parameters for the technicians, and it is currently an effective way to avoid chatter. In fact, the dynamic interaction between the machine tool and process is very complicated, which involves the machine tool, milling tool, workpiece and fixture. The induced mechanism of chatter depends on different machining scenarios and is not entirely dependent on the vibration modes of milling tool. Therefore, it is important to obtain stable machining parameters and to know the dynamic surface location error distribution, which can ensure machining quality and improve machining efficiency. In this dissertation, two methods for constructing stability lobe diagram are first introduced, and then two machining scales, macro milling and micro milling, are studied. For the macro-milling scale, the dynamic response of the in-process workpiece with time-varying modal parameters during the material removal process is analyzed. The stability lobe diagrams for thin-walled workpiece and general workpiece with continuous radial immersion milling are established respectively. Besides, the cumulative surface location error distribution is also studied and verified for the general workpiece. For the micro-milling scale, the dynamics at the micro-milling tool point is obtained by means of the receptance coupling substructure analysis method. The stability lobe diagram and surface location error distribution are analyzed under different restricted/free tool overhang lengths. The relationship between measurement results and burrs is further explained by cutting experiments, and the difference between the two milling scales is compared in the end.

The rise of superbugs, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and virus outbreaks, such as the recent coronavirus scare, illustrate the need for rapid detection of disease pathogens. Widespread availability of rapid disease identification would facilitate outbreak prevention and specific treatment. The ARROW biosensor microchip can directly detect single molecules through fluorescence-based optofluidic interrogation. The nature of the microfluidic channels found on optofluidic sensor platforms sets some of the ultimate sensitivity and accuracy limits and can result in false negative test results. Yet higher sensitivity and specificity is desired through hydrodynamic focusing. Novel 3D hydrodynamic focusing designs were developed and implemented on the ARROW platform, an optofluidic lab-on-a-chip single-molecule detector device. Microchannels with cross-section dimensions smaller than 10 μm were formed using sacrificial etching of photoresist layers covered with plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposited silicon dioxide on a silicon wafer. Buffer fluid carried to the focusing junction enveloped an intersecting sample fluid, resulting in 3D focusing of the sample stream. The designs which operate across a wide range of fluid velocities through pressure-driven flow were integrated with optical waveguides in order to interrogate fluorescing particles and confirm 3D focusing, characterize diffusion, and quantify optofluidic detection enhancement of single viruses on chip.

This study examines the intricate dynamics of online anonymity in the context of Fishbrain, a platform for fishing enthusiasts. By conducting semi-structured interviews with ten Fishbrain users, I scrutinized the experiences and understanding of online anonymity through a deductive thematic analysis approach. This research was further underpinned by a comprehensive platform analysis. Using Eklund et al.'s framework [15], I studied six themes that encompass both macro and micro-regulating structures that govern online anonymity. The research findings highlight the pivotal role of these structures, revealing that users frequently balance the advantages of disclosing personal information against potential risks. This study accentuates the need to consider a spectrum of factors—commercial, legal, and technological structures, alongside the factual, social group, and physical facets of anonymity—when investigating online anonymity. This research expands the existing body of knowledge on online anonymity and provides valuable insights for platforms like Fishbrain to better address their users' concerns and customize their features and policies effectively.