Medical records are being adjusted to match the practical way of understanding an illness as a disorder in the balanced state of the organism. This approach has also modified opinions regarding the form of medical documentation, the determination of necessary examinations and treatment. The progress in medicine along with the growing need for specific medical information made it necessary to look for new ways of making medical information available. One of these ways is to make the system of health care documentation electronic. The main tool of this system is an electronic health card. The objective of my work was to find out the following: the extent of utilization of electronic health cards; doctors´ opinions regarding the use of electronic medical documentation; the attitude of patients to medical documentation and the willingness of doctors to join the IZIP project of electronic health cards. Two hypotheses were checked for the purpose of the graduation work. Hypothesis no. 1 {--} Medical personnel expect that the project of electronic health cards will speed up the process of providing information about patients´ state of health. Hypothesis no. 2 {--} Health care facilities are willing to keep electronic documentation only if they receive compensation for increased administrative activities. To check the hypotheses, the author used the method of quantitative research. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The research was carried out between January and March 2009. The research was performed in health care facilities in South Bohemia represented by private doctors. 200 questionnaires were printed out. 152 of these could be fully used for the research. Hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed since 58% of the people who filled out the questionnaire agreed with the statement that the project of electronic health cards would accelerate the process of sharing information about patients´ state of health. Hypothesis no. 2 was not confirmed. There are two main problems preventing the use of IZIP; one of them is that patients are not interested and the other that doctors do not trust the system. That is why the necessary information is not always found in the IZIP since some health care facilities do not work with the system. Doctors would have to be forced or sufficiently motivated to transfer to the use of electronic medical documentation and they would have to change their negative attitude to modern technologies. This work could extend the information about medical documentation and electronic health cards among health care providers and the broader public and give feedback to people working in health care facilities.

An adapted building served as a military kitchen with a military club and an accommodation. The building was built in the 1950s. It is partly two storey basement building made of full baked bricks. Carrying and external constructions will be left unchanged. The old kitchen and dining room will be removed and replaced by a kindergarten and a gym on the 1st floor. There will be left in the original accomodation on the 2nd floor. In the cellar, there will be constructed a nightclub. All wooden windows and doors in the facade will be replaced by plastic ones. The building will be additionally insulated.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur professionella behandlare i en form av öppenvårdsinsats skapar och upprätthåller behandlingsallians med barn i sitt dagliga arbete. Syftet är även att undersöka behandlingsfrämjande faktorer samt relationens betydelse i behandlingsarbetet. Urvalet består av fem behandlare som arbetar med barn på en skola med behandling i Sverige. Material har insamlats med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserats med stöd av tematisk analys. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna som användes för att tolka resultatet var anknytningsteori och systemteori. Resultatet visar att behandlare arbetar med ett individanpassat förhållningssätt för att kunna passa varje barn som kommer till verksamheten. I grund och botten skapas behandlingsallians av en god relation som därefter utvecklas till behandlingsallians. Därmed ses relationen som en nyckel för behandlingsallians. Upprätthållande av behandlingsallians visar även det vara olika beroende på mottagare. Det som framkommer vara gemensamma behandlingsfrämjande faktorer för både skapande och upprätthållande är involvering av barnets vårdnadshavare, bidrag i form av verksamhetens ekonomiska stöd samt det kollegiala sammanhanget. För att barn ska ha rätt till det stöd denne behöver för att kunna utvecklas är det därför av yttersta vikt att behandlare arbetar för att passa barnets behov och inte tvärtom. / The purpose of this study is to study how professional social workers create and sustain treatment alliances within the outpatient care programs for the children during their daily work.The purpose is also to study treatment support factors including the importance of relationships in treatment work. The selections of the study consists of five treatment workers working alongside children in a school with treatment in Sweden. Data has been gathered with semi-structured interviews and analysed with thematic analysis. The theoretical methods used to interpret the results were attachment theory and systems theory. The results show that treatment workers work with an individualized approach customized for each child. Treatment alliance are created from a good relationship which then develop into a treatment alliance. Therefore a good relationship between treatment worker and child is vital for a treatment alliance. Upholding of a treatment alliance also has to be different according to each receiver of the treatment. What is shown to be mutual treatment support factors is the amount of involvement from the children's caretakers, economic support from the organization and collegial context. In order for the children to have claim to the support needed for them to develop, it is of utter importance that treatment workers adjust their methods to each child's needs and not the other way around.

The aim of this study is to present the views of some English-speaking parents and their children based in Sweden on the relationship between language learning and family language policies. To this end, interviews were conducted with six families living in Sweden who had spoken English at home with their children. The data was analysed using a thematic approach, which involves a close analysis of the collected data. I specified major and common points from the participants that were in line with my research questions. The results showed that the participating parents wanted their children to be able to speak with their English-speaking relatives and therefore felt that it was important to teach and maintain English. They also mention how English is a useful language to know because it is spoken all around the world. Some parents point out that consistency is important for the child’s language development in English, while others explain how there is no need for strict rules because it can lead to a resistance in speaking English. The most common strategies the parents employ are one- parent-one-language strategy, encouraging watching TV and films, reading books, repetition- and minimal grasp strategy and mother tongue tuition. The children emphasise the importance of knowing English when they talk with their relatives. However, the children find it difficult when learning a third language in school because they are used to acquiring a language instead of consciously learning it. The implications from my research may potentially help policy makers, researchers, and bilingual families in the process of teaching and maintaining a language at home.

Rural primary schools have got an immense role to play regarding the educational foundation for the subsequent phases of schooling. In ensuring that an extremely solid foundation is laid. the creation and maintenance of a positive culture of teaching and learning becomes extremely very important in this category of schools. It is the primary task of the primary school principal to ensure that quality teaching and learning is taking place in her/his school. I Iowever, in ensuring that a positive culture of teaching and learning becomes a reality in their schools, principals cannot work in isolation but, in collaboration with other potential stakeholders. A variety of factors like good management on the part of principals to good commitment and involvement on the part of other stakeholders like educators, learners, parents. community, business people and the government. lead to teaching and learning of a very high and acceptable standard. The purpose of this research project was to investigate how principals of rural primary schools create and maintain a culture of teaching and learning. The outcomes of this investigation could assist rural primary school principals in their attempts towards ensuring a positive culture of teaching and learning. The outcomes could also assist other stakeholders as to how best can they assist rural primary school principals in making schools centers for a positive culture of teaching and learning. The methodology of research for this investigation is quantitative. The questionnaire was used as a tool for empirical data collection. This research project has revealed several mechanisms that arc utilized by rural primary school principals in creating and maintain a culture ofteaching and learning. It also emerged from thi s study that in creating and maintaining COLT in schools, rural primary school principals encounter some problems that need the undivided attention of every education stakeholder. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

現階段的兒童少年保護工作中，社會工作專業的介入都與法令的執行及公權力角色息息相關，強制性的工作乃是依據兒童及少年保護的相關立法規定而進行強制性的介入。在兒童及少年保護工作中，以緊急安置對兒童及少年的家庭、親子關係及相關權益有最直接的影響，而事實上，在強制性的介入中，家庭弁鄋熊�估及處遇工作是一項整合修復兒童及少年個人與家庭的重要過程，並確保兒童少年及其家庭二方的權益皆能受到保障。本研究係針對屏東縣91年至94年間處理的78件兒童少年緊急安置案件，採量化的文件分析法及質性的深度訪談蒐集研究資料，希望透過本研究檢視過去緊急安置的處遇方式，並提出未來在兒童及少年保護過程中緊急安置發展方向的建議。研究者以家庭處遇的觀點來探討兒童及少年在經過緊急安置及提供受虐者與施虐者必要的輔導後，家庭維繫或家庭重整對兒童及少年權益的影響。研究者透過個案處遇記錄及與執行兒少保護實務的工作人員訪談，針對屏東縣在執行兒童及少年保護工作的緊急安置處遇提出下列研究成果與建議：1.目前兒童及少年保護的工作模式，大致仍以提供兒童及少年最佳安全環境為主要目的，緊急安置對案主權益的維護，與後續的家庭評估與處遇有重要的相關，是以加強專業網絡的建構及提昇專業人員知能才能有效執行法令對兒童及少年的保護；2.治本的辦法則為加強社會教育強化父母對子女的責任觀念；3.若評估家庭弁鄐w無法重建，?維護兒童及少年的權益，替代性的服務是必要的處遇觀念，讓兒童及少年有機會重新出發建立新的生活能力。 / Presently, the involvement of professional social work is related closely with the execution of laws and the gov ern ment when we talk about the protection of children and teenagers. Forceful modes are based on the laws of children and teenagers protection. However, what influences the relati on and rights of children and teenagers is crisis interven tion and placement. In fact, the evaluation of family fu nction and family treat ment is an important processof int egrating th econnection of individual and family in forceful mode. It can also guarantee the rights of both child ren and family. This research is based on 78 cases of teenagers’ crisis i ntervention and pl acement in Pintung County fro m 2002 to 2005. It is a quantified document analysis and a qualified deep interview as well . The purpose of this article is to discuss the way o f the urgent ensconced treatment in the past, and give advices to improve the quality of children and teenage protection in the future. This article uses the view of family treat ment approach to discuss the in fluence of victims, offenders, and fa mily in children and teenagers urgent ensconced treatment. Based on the individual reco rds and interview with workers who work with children and teenagers, there are some conclusions and suggestions to urgent ensconced treat ment of children and teenagers protection in Pintung county as following: 1. At present , the main goal o f the children and teenagers protection is still providing the safest circu mstances. The way o f crisis int ervention and placement has strong connection with guarantee of client s’ rights and family evaluation in the future. To improve the function of child ren andteenagers protection more efficiently, we should strengthen the professional netwo rk and elevate the knowledge of professional workers. 2. The best way to solve the problem is to enhance parent s’ responsibility to their children. 3. If fami ly function could not be rebuilt, alternative service would b e a necessary to ensure children and teenagers’ rights. It can give them a chance to develop their social ability as well. / 目錄 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………i 英文摘要…………………………………………………………………ii 誌謝………………………………………………………………………iii 目錄………………………………………………………………………iv 表目錄 ………………………………………………………………… viii 圖目錄……………………………………………………………………x 第 一 章 緒 論 …………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究背景………………………………………………… 2 第二節 研究動機 ……………………………………………3 第三節 研究目的 ……………………………………………4 第四節 名詞界定 ……………………………………………5 第 二 章 文獻探討 ………………………………………………… 8 第一節 兒童及少年保護緊急安置的概念 ……………………8 第二節 兒童及少年保護、福利相關法規 ……………………9 第三節 受虐類型……………………………………………… 9 第四節 兒童及少年保護服務處遇模式 ……………………11 第五節 家庭維繫與家庭重整 ………………………………11 第六節 過去相關研究 ………………………………………13 第 三 章 研究方法 …………………………………………………… 15 第一節 研究架構…………………………………………… 15 第二節 研究假設…………………………………………… 16 第三節 研究變項定義……………………………………… 17 第四節 研究流程…………………………………………… 21 第五節 資料蒐集…………………………………………… 21 第六節 信度與效度………………………………………… 22 第七節 資料分析方法……………………………………… 23 第 四 章 兒少保護緊急安置的個案紀錄分析 …………………… 25 第一節 受虐者與施虐者…………………………………… 25 第二節 受虐類型…………………………………………… 31 第三節 緊急安置…………………………………………… 32 第四節 受虐者與施虐者處遇……………………………… 32 第五節 家庭處遇… …………………………………………33 第六節 受虐者基本特質與受虐原因交叉分析…………… 34 第七節 討論…………………………………………………… 49 第 五 章 緊急安置處遇社工員的質性訪談分析………………… 51 第一節 緊急安置的處遇及意義 ……………………………… 51 第二節 安置資源及公、私部門合作機制………………… 54 第三節 年幼及特殊需求的兒少安置……………………… 56 第四節 處遇計畫的評估與擬定…………………………… 58 第五節 緊急安置的期限…………………………………… 59 第六節 緊急安置的法令完善性…………………………… 60 第七節 緊急安置處遇司法處遇的探討…………………… 61 第八節 研究結果討論……………………………………… 63 第 六 章 結論與研究建議…………………………………………… 69 第一節 結論…………………………………………………… 69 第二節 研究的建議…………………………………………… 70 第三節 研究的限制…………………………………………… 71 參考書目………………………………………………………………… 72 附錄一 臺閩地區兒童及少年保護執行概況表………………… 75 附錄二 兒童及少年福利法……………………………………… 76 附錄三 兒童及少年福利法施行細則…………………………… 89 附錄四 屏東縣兒童及少年虐待暨被疏忽研判指標…………… 92 附錄五 屏東縣強制性親職教育處遇評估表…………………… 100 附錄六 家庭暴力與兒童少年保護事件通報表…………………… 103 附錄七 訪談同意書……………………………………………… 105 附錄八 訪談大綱…………………………………………………… 106 附錄九 訪談人員基本資料……………………………………… 107 圖表目錄 圖 1 兒少保護緊急安置處遇研究架構…………………………… 16 表 1 1990-2005年有關兒少保護處遇博碩士論文篇數…………… 14 表 1.1 1990-2005年相關重要兒少保護處遇的研究者及研究項目…… 14 表 2 受虐原因分析…………………………………………………… 28 表 2.1 受虐主基本資料分析…………………………………………… 29 表 2.2 施虐者身份與施虐原因分析…………………………………… 30 表 3 受虐類型分析………………………………………………… 31 表 4 緊急安置方式分析…………………………………………… 32 表 5 受虐者與施虐者處遇分析………………………………… 33 表 6 家庭處遇分析……………………………………………… 34 表 7 受虐者基本資料與受虐原因交叉分析表………………… 36 表 7.1 受虐者基本資料與受虐原因交叉分析表(續)………………… 36 表 8 通報來源及受虐原因交叉分析…………………………… 37 表 8.1 通報來源及受虐原因交叉分析(續)…………………………… 38 表 9 家庭類型與受虐原因交叉分析…………………………… 39 表 9.1 家庭類型與受虐原因交叉分析(續)………………………… 39 表 10 受虐者基本資料與受虐原因交叉分析………………………… 40 表 10.1 受虐者基本資料與受虐原因交叉分析(續)……………… 41 表 11 施虐者教育程度與受虐原因交叉分析………………………… 42 表 12 施虐者年齡與受虐原因交叉分析……………………………… 43 表 12.1 施虐者年齡與受虐原因交叉分析(續)…………………… 43 表 13 施虐者身份與受虐原因交叉分析…………………………… 44 表 13.1 施虐者身份與受虐原因交叉分析(續)……………………… 45 表 14 施虐者教育程度與受虐類型交叉分析表…………………… 46 表 15 施虐者年齡與受虐類型交叉分析表……………………… 47 表 15.1 施虐者年齡與受虐類型交叉分析表(續)…………………… 47 表 16 施虐者身份與受虐類型交叉分析………………………… 48 表 16.1 施虐者身份與受虐類型交叉分析(續)……………………… 48

Rural primary schools have got an immense role to play regarding the educational foundation for the subsequent phases of schooling. In ensuring that an extremely solid foundation is laid. the creation and maintenance of a positive culture of teaching and learning becomes extremely very important in this category of schools. It is the primary task of the primary school principal to ensure that quality teaching and learning is taking place in her/his school. I Iowever, in ensuring that a positive culture of teaching and learning becomes a reality in their schools, principals cannot work in isolation but, in collaboration with other potential stakeholders. A variety of factors like good management on the part of principals to good commitment and involvement on the part of other stakeholders like educators, learners, parents. community, business people and the government. lead to teaching and learning of a very high and acceptable standard. The purpose of this research project was to investigate how principals of rural primary schools create and maintain a culture of teaching and learning. The outcomes of this investigation could assist rural primary school principals in their attempts towards ensuring a positive culture of teaching and learning. The outcomes could also assist other stakeholders as to how best can they assist rural primary school principals in making schools centers for a positive culture of teaching and learning. The methodology of research for this investigation is quantitative. The questionnaire was used as a tool for empirical data collection. This research project has revealed several mechanisms that arc utilized by rural primary school principals in creating and maintain a culture ofteaching and learning. It also emerged from thi s study that in creating and maintaining COLT in schools, rural primary school principals encounter some problems that need the undivided attention of every education stakeholder. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

La presente tesis posee un enfoque cuantitativo, mientras que su diseño de investigación fue no experimental transversal, cuyo tipo fue exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional. El problema a resolver fue ¿En qué medida un estudio de productividad influye en la planificación de una obra, enfocado en la mano de obra?, para lo cual se planteó como objetivo principal elaborar un estudio de productividad en obra de un edificio multifamiliar para mejorar la planificación de obra. Para su desarrollo se utilizó la metodología de recolección de datos a través de la observación estructurada, con las herramientas de Carta Balance y Registro de Avance. Del estudio se determinó los factores que perjudican el avance de los trabajadores, que generaban los flujos no contributorios y desgaste de los trenes de actividad, los cuales fueron el inadecuado uso de la mano de obra y distribución del trabajo, así como la falta coordinación y supervisión perenne. This thesis has a quantitative approach, while its research design was not experimental cross, whose type was exploratory, descriptive and correlational. The problem to solve was what extent a productivity study influences the planning of a work focused on labor?, for which he was raised as main objective to develop a study of productivity in a multifamily building work to improve planning work. The data collection methodology used through structured observation for development, tools and Registration Card Balance Forward. Study the factors that hinder the advancement of workers, non-contributory generating flows and wear activity trains, which were the inappropriate use of labor and distribution of work and the lack of coordination was determined and perennial supervision.

The Diploma Thesis called The exercise of parental responsibility by persons serving prison sentence deals with the institute of parental responsibility, which means fulfilling and execution of rights and duties of parents serving prison sentence towards their underage children. Legal framework of this institute pursuant to current legislation in the Civil Code is described in detail in the theoretic part, the next part deals with the execution of sentence prison sentence as a specific life circumstance in which a human being is caught in as a parent. The research survey carried out in selected Czech penitentiaries for execution of prison sentence of men and women. The thesis analyses the current legislation of rights and duties of parents serving prison sentence and maps their carrying out in practice. Using the quantitative methodology, the results of the research survey show that rights and duties of parents acknowledged by legislation and in practice of the Constitutional court of the Czech Republic are substantially restricted during the execution of prison sentence. This restriction is caused by system obstacles as well as material and legal ones, both on the side of convicted parent and on the side of penitentiary and other state and non- state subjects that are supposed to take part in the...

Tellus cinema and café is situated in the heart of Midsommarkransen. It’s been an independent establishment since the 1920’s and is one of very few local cinemas in Stockholm that hasn’t been shut down or taken over by a larger cinema chain. One of Tellus’ many strengths, in comparison to more commercial establishments, is that they can offer a more dynamic and broader repertoire which gives its visitors a sense of experiencing something unique. In this project I would like to redefine the spaces within Tellus, whilst curating the very essence that these rooms possess. I wish to highlight the importance of this cultural establishment and its continued existence as a natural place for people to gather, regardless of their background. I will be studying the cinemas spatial attributes in it’s historical context to see how I can contribute with functional and aesthetical qualities, that diligently enhances the already existing identity of this cinema.