El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / The printing sector in Peru constantly faces the need to reduce production time because late deliveries to the customer owing to high manufacturing time are critical problems. Previous studies have proposed using the lean manufacturing philosophy to reduce idle times by improving the flow of information within the production processes in large manufacturing companies but not printing SMEs using these tools in a make-to-order environment. This document focuses on implementing an affordable lean manufacturing model in an SME company with a make-to-order environment to reduce its manufacturing times. Therefore, the Kanban, Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED), and value stream mapping (VSM) processes will be adapted for implementation in these companies. Then, the model is validated through its application in a case study; through process simulation, production times were reduced by 24% for an SME, delivering all orders on time, and eliminating 100% penalty costs for late orders.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor. Behandling som kan ges vid bröstcancer är bland annat ett kirurgiskt ingrepp där antigen bröstbevarande kirurgi eller mastektomi utförs. Den kroppsliga förändringen upplevs för många kvinnor som traumatisk. Bröstcancer drabbar inte endast kvinnorna utan också deras manliga partner. Bröstcancer kommer med stora förändringar som påverkar vardagen. Partnern till kvinnan blir ett stort stöd under sjukdomsperioden. Att vara partner till kvinnan ställer stora krav på personen och kan upplevas som påfrestande. Partnern kommer många gånger i skymundan där partnerns börda och belastning glöms bort. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva upplevelsen av att vara manlig partner till en kvinna med bröstcancer. Metod: Studien som utfördes var en allmän litteraturöversikt baserad på artiklar med kvalitativ metod och induktiv ansats. Åtta vetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut till resultatet och analyserades enligt de fyra stegen i Fribergs analysmodell. Resultat: Efter analysen framkom tre huvudkategorier som innefattade upplevelsen av att vara manlig partner till en kvinna med bröstcancer; Roller i förhållandet förändras, de känslomässiga villkoren förändras och behov att hantera sin hälsa. Slutsats: Den här studien visade på upplevelsen av att vara manliga partner till en kvinna med bröstcancer. Det är av vikt att uppmärksamma partner och lyfta fram partnerns ställning och mående. Partnern intar en stödjande roll samt får ett större ansvar i hushållet. Paret känslomässiga villkor förändras och att visa kärlek och tacksamhet tar nya uttryck. Kvinnans sjukdom blir påfrestande för det psykiska måendet som leder till att männen behöver inta ett nytt tankemönster för att bevara sin hälsa.

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Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-23T19:33:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ariel Peixoto Possebon.pdf: 3073454 bytes, checksum: 3123d6ee99ea9509d9a3ef1e02464701 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-23T19:33:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ariel Peixoto Possebon.pdf: 3073454 bytes, checksum: 3123d6ee99ea9509d9a3ef1e02464701 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Nenhuma / O Planejamento, Programação e Controle da Produção e dos Materiais é um importante processo do fluxo de informação que visa o desdobramento do Planejamento Estratégico para os níveis operacionais da empresa. Tais atividades, planejamento e programação, são atividades analíticas que envolvem a tomada de decisões que impactam na operação dos sistemas de produção. Para tomar estas decisões de forma correta, estes processos precisam da robustez necessária para auxiliar tais decisões. Na contrapartida, os sistemas de produção são diferentes aumentando ou diminuindo sua complexidade e consequentemente a forma como a empresa toma suas decisões. Neste contexto, este estudo pretende evidenciar quais são as diferenças existentes sob o prisma do PPCPM para dois tipos de sistemas de produção, os sistemas que atendem à demanda baseado em uma produção Make-To-Order (MTO), e os sistemas baseado em uma produção Make-To-Stock (MTS). Para tanto, a pesquisa foi realizada utilizando um Estudo de Caso múltiplo, considerando o PPCPM como sua unidade de análise. A partir desta análise, obteve-se como resultados desta pesquisa, as principais diferenças entre os processos de PPCPM para estes dois tipos de sistemas de produção com base nos casos estudados. / The Production Planning and Production Scheduling processes are important flow of information aimed at the deployment of the Strategic Planning for the operational levels of the company. Such activities, planning and scheduling, are analytical activities that involve making decisions that affect the operation of production systems. To make these decisions so correct, these processes require robustness needed to support these decisions. In contrast, the different production systems are increasing or decreasing its complexity and consequently how the company makes its decisions. In this context, this study aims to highlight what are the differences through the prism of PPCPM for two types of production systems, systems that meet the demand based on a production Make-To-Order (MTO), and systems based on a production Make-To-Stock (MTS). Therefore, the survey was conducted using a multiple case study, considering the PPCPM as unit of analysis. From this analysis, it was obtained as result of this research, the main differences between the PPCPM processes for these two types of production systems based on case studies.

Projektarbetet utförs på uppdrag av Virtual Manufacturing AB (VM) där frågor gällande make or buy av specialtillverkade komponenter har undersökts och besvarats. VM tillverkar och säljer Lean Manufacturing Products, vilket är produktionshjälpmedel, som används inom en rad olika industrier. Idag tillverkas detaljer till deras produkter av andra företag både inom och utom Sverige och arbetet går ut på att undersöka om det skulle vara lönsamt för VM att själva börja producera detaljer in-house. Nuläget sammanställdes för att undersöka hur VM arbetar idag och vilka kostnader som finns kopplat till outsourcing. Inköpskostnaderna förspecialkomponenterna samlades in och sorterades utefter tillverkningsteknik. Därefter sammanställdes kostnader för in-housetillverkning så som investeringskostnader och tillverkningskostnader för kalkylering av lönsamheten i att investera i tillverkningsmaskiner för utförandet av förädling av specialkomponenter in-house. Utifrån de lönsamhetsanalyser som utfördes för de inköpta detaljerna valdes laserskärning, CNC-fräsning och 3-D Printing som de tillverkningstekniker som skulle undersökas. Slutsatsen från lönsamhetsanalyserna av laserskärning och CNC-fräsning visar att det ej är lönsamt för Virtual Manufacturing att köpa in maskiner och börja tillverka in-house. Då VM redan har 3D-printers visar lönsamhetsanalysen att kostnaden att producera är likvärdig med att köpa in färdiga detaljer. Detta innebär att Virtual Manufacturing kan välja att fortsätta tillverka in-house eller att outsourca tillverkningen. / The project work is carried out on behalf of Virtual Manufacturing AB (VM), where questions regarding the make or buy decision for special components were to be investigated and answered. VM manufactures and sells Lean Manufacturing Products, which are production aids used in various industries. Currently, the details for their products are manufactured by other companies both within and outside of Sweden. The aim of the work is to examine whether it would be profitable for VM to start producing details in-house. The current situation was compiled to investigate how VM operates today and what costs are associated with outsourcing. The procurement costs for the special components were collected and sorted by manufacturing technology. Subsequently, costs for in-house production were compiled, including investment costs and manufacturing costs, to assess the profitability of investing in manufacturing machines for in-house processing of the special components. The manufacturing technologies chosen to be examined in the work are laser cutting, CNC milling, and 3D printing. The conclusion from the profitability analyses of laser cutting and CNC milling shows that it is not profitable for Virtual Manufacturing to purchase machines and manufacture special components in-house. Since Virtual Manufacturing already has 3D printers, the profitability analysis made for 3D-printing shows that the cost of production in-house is equivalent to purchasing specialcomponents. This means that VM can choose to continue manufacturing in-house or outsource the production.

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<p>Cardo AB is an international corporate group that has performed major organizational changes the last few years. These changes utilize possible synergies that exist in a corporate group. One of the initiatives is that Cardo wants to develop a model for make-or-buy decisions. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is stated as:</p><p><em>The study’s purpose is to develop a generic model for make-or-buy decisions at Cardo.</em></p><p>To develop the model, a theoretical study was conducted, where four main aspects were identified: core capability, risk, cost and relationship. For each aspect, a tool to define what the aspects consist of was identified. The aspects were combined together into a model, called model version 1. To enhance and adjust the model to suit Cardo’s situation, an empirical study was conducted. In the empirical study, it was investigated how different sites within Cardo are currently working with make-or-buy decisions. Moreover, in the empirical study it was also revealed how Cardo is dealing with each of the aspects identified in theory. The combination of theory and empirical study formed the enhanced model, called model version 2. The last step in the procedure was to let several end-users review the model and suggest improvements. After this step, the final model was formed, called model version 3.The model combines the best practices from Cardo with the latest theoretical aspects. Using this model will help Cardo deal with make-or-buy decisions in a structured way. The model highlights the importance of connecting business strategy with the core capabilities of Cardo and provides a tool to identify this connection. Furthermore, the model highlights risks connected to outsourcing and provides tools to identify these risks. The model also applies a total cost approach. To calculate the different costs, a model is presented that functions as a guide when quantifying costs. Lastly, the model shows the importance of developing a proper relationship with the supplier according to the strategic importance of the product.Cardo AB is an international corporate group that has performed major organizational changes the last few years. These changes utilize possible synergies that exist in a corporate group. One of the initiatives is that Cardo wants to develop a model for make-or-buy decisions. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is stated as:The study’s purpose is to develop a generic model for make-or-buy decisions at Cardo.To develop the model, a theoretical study was conducted, where four main aspects were identified: core capability, risk, cost and relationship. For each aspect, a tool to define what the aspects consist of was identified. The aspects were combined together into a model, called model version 1. To enhance and adjust the model to suit Cardo’s situation, an empirical study was conducted. In the empirical study, it was investigated how different sites within Cardo are currently working with make-or-buy decisions. Moreover, in the empirical study it was also revealed how Cardo is dealing with each of the aspects identified in theory. The combination of theory and empirical study formed the enhanced model, called model version 2. The last step in the procedure was to let several end-users review the model and suggest improvements. After this step, the final model was formed, called model version 3.The model combines the best practices from Cardo with the latest theoretical aspects. Using this model will help Cardo deal with make-or-buy decisions in a structured way. The model highlights the importance of connecting business strategy with the core capabilities of Cardo and provides a tool to identify this connection. Furthermore, the model highlights risks connected to outsourcing and provides tools to identify these risks. The model also applies a total cost approach. To calculate the different costs, a model is presented that functions as a guide when quantifying costs. Lastly, the model shows the importance of developing a proper relationship with the supplier according to the strategic importance of the product.</p>

Cardo AB is an international corporate group that has performed major organizational changes the last few years. These changes utilize possible synergies that exist in a corporate group. One of the initiatives is that Cardo wants to develop a model for make-or-buy decisions. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is stated as: The study’s purpose is to develop a generic model for make-or-buy decisions at Cardo. To develop the model, a theoretical study was conducted, where four main aspects were identified: core capability, risk, cost and relationship. For each aspect, a tool to define what the aspects consist of was identified. The aspects were combined together into a model, called model version 1. To enhance and adjust the model to suit Cardo’s situation, an empirical study was conducted. In the empirical study, it was investigated how different sites within Cardo are currently working with make-or-buy decisions. Moreover, in the empirical study it was also revealed how Cardo is dealing with each of the aspects identified in theory. The combination of theory and empirical study formed the enhanced model, called model version 2. The last step in the procedure was to let several end-users review the model and suggest improvements. After this step, the final model was formed, called model version 3.The model combines the best practices from Cardo with the latest theoretical aspects. Using this model will help Cardo deal with make-or-buy decisions in a structured way. The model highlights the importance of connecting business strategy with the core capabilities of Cardo and provides a tool to identify this connection. Furthermore, the model highlights risks connected to outsourcing and provides tools to identify these risks. The model also applies a total cost approach. To calculate the different costs, a model is presented that functions as a guide when quantifying costs. Lastly, the model shows the importance of developing a proper relationship with the supplier according to the strategic importance of the product.Cardo AB is an international corporate group that has performed major organizational changes the last few years. These changes utilize possible synergies that exist in a corporate group. One of the initiatives is that Cardo wants to develop a model for make-or-buy decisions. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is stated as:The study’s purpose is to develop a generic model for make-or-buy decisions at Cardo.To develop the model, a theoretical study was conducted, where four main aspects were identified: core capability, risk, cost and relationship. For each aspect, a tool to define what the aspects consist of was identified. The aspects were combined together into a model, called model version 1. To enhance and adjust the model to suit Cardo’s situation, an empirical study was conducted. In the empirical study, it was investigated how different sites within Cardo are currently working with make-or-buy decisions. Moreover, in the empirical study it was also revealed how Cardo is dealing with each of the aspects identified in theory. The combination of theory and empirical study formed the enhanced model, called model version 2. The last step in the procedure was to let several end-users review the model and suggest improvements. After this step, the final model was formed, called model version 3.The model combines the best practices from Cardo with the latest theoretical aspects. Using this model will help Cardo deal with make-or-buy decisions in a structured way. The model highlights the importance of connecting business strategy with the core capabilities of Cardo and provides a tool to identify this connection. Furthermore, the model highlights risks connected to outsourcing and provides tools to identify these risks. The model also applies a total cost approach. To calculate the different costs, a model is presented that functions as a guide when quantifying costs. Lastly, the model shows the importance of developing a proper relationship with the supplier according to the strategic importance of the product.

Este estudo de caso realizado em indústria de equipamentos industriais sob encomenda pretende abordar aspectos relacionados à tomada de decisões sobre seqüenciamento da produção no nível do chão-de-fábrica. Por meio de observações e entrevistas com os agentes das programações de entrada de ordens nos centros de trabalho procurar-se-á mostrar como a empresa estudada realiza o controle e programação da produção e mostrar o ambiente para a aplicação de uma proposta de gerenciamento de tempo de fila. Será também apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais técnicas de gerenciamento de fluxo de materiais em processo nos diferentes sistemas de administração da produção. / This case study conducted in a make-to-order industry aims to address issues related to making decisions on the sequencing of the production level of the shop-floor. Through observations and interviews with officials of programming input orders at the job search will show how the company study the control and scheduling and show the environment for the implementation of a proposal for management of time queue. It will also be presented with a literature review on the main techniques for managing the flow of materials in the process of administration in the different systems of production.

Este estudo de caso realizado em indústria de equipamentos industriais sob encomenda pretende abordar aspectos relacionados à tomada de decisões sobre seqüenciamento da produção no nível do chão-de-fábrica. Por meio de observações e entrevistas com os agentes das programações de entrada de ordens nos centros de trabalho procurar-se-á mostrar como a empresa estudada realiza o controle e programação da produção e mostrar o ambiente para a aplicação de uma proposta de gerenciamento de tempo de fila. Será também apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais técnicas de gerenciamento de fluxo de materiais em processo nos diferentes sistemas de administração da produção. / This case study conducted in a make-to-order industry aims to address issues related to making decisions on the sequencing of the production level of the shop-floor. Through observations and interviews with officials of programming input orders at the job search will show how the company study the control and scheduling and show the environment for the implementation of a proposal for management of time queue. It will also be presented with a literature review on the main techniques for managing the flow of materials in the process of administration in the different systems of production.