Submitted by FERNANDA ALMEIDA MARCHINI GAYER null (fer_marchini@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-12T16:34:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao.pdf: 8726620 bytes, checksum: 66b744fe24afaf15e89574cfd8c23af1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2017-12-12T18:20:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gayer_fam_me_rcla.pdf: 8697307 bytes, checksum: ef684be2abf1d5c9b37f2d77c9ab5ce8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-12T18:20:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gayer_fam_me_rcla.pdf: 8697307 bytes, checksum: ef684be2abf1d5c9b37f2d77c9ab5ce8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 / Neste trabalho, apresentamos um estudo introdutório à Teoria de Conjuntos Fuzzy e Lógica Fuzzy, mostrando o seu potencial de aplicação através da análise de um problema numa indústria química e da introdução de alguns conceitos dessa teoria a alunos do Ensino Médio. Quanto ao problema da indústria química, o objetivo é assessorar uma equipe de gestão de manutenção de uma certa indústria química na tomada de decisão quanto ao momento oportuno para realização de intervenção em uma bomba industrial. Esta equipe observou como dificuldade em sua gestão de custos a manutenção preventiva de uma certa bomba de seu processo. Para isso, dados dos processos são analisados e modelados matematicamente utilizando a lógica fuzzy, produzindo um resultado que direciona corretamente os profissionais no momento da tomada de decisão, sobrepondo a manutenção preventiva existente pela manutenção preditiva, baseada em dados do processo. Foi criado um sistema computacional que favorece este processo de forma automática e simplificada, evitando burocracias legais quanto à questão de licenciamento de softwares do mercado, de forma a realizar os cálculos, além de facilitar a incorporação de dados e análises de forma intuitiva, não necessitando de maiores treinamentos para tanto. Por fim, durante o estudo da lógica fuzzy e pesquisas relacionadas, foi detectada a possibilidade de aplicação prática para estudantes do Ensino Médio. Dessa forma, uma aula expositiva com atividades originais foi realizada para apresentar os conjuntos e a lógica fuzzy, mostrando a capacidade dos alunos do Ensino Médio em assimilar os conteúdos já citados. / In this work, we present an introductory study to Fuzzy Set Theory and Fuzzy Logic, showing its potential application through the analysis of a problem in a chemical industry and the introduction of some concepts of this theory to high school students. As for the problem of the chemical industry, the objective is to advise a manufacturing management team of a certain chemical industry in the decision making for an opportune time for an intervention in an industrial pump. This team observed as a difficulty in its cost management a preventive maintenance of a certain pump of its process. For this, the data of the processes are analysed and modelled mathematically using a fuzzy logic, producing a result that correctly directs the professionals at the moment of the decision making, overlapping the existing preventive maintenance, by the base predictive maintenance in process data. It was created a computer system that helps this process in an automatic and simplified way, avoiding legal bureaucracies regarding the licensing of software in the market, in order to perform the calculations, besides facilitating the incorporation of data and analyses in an intuitive way, not requiring of greater training for both. Finally, during the study of fuzzy logic and related research, it was detected as a possibility of practical application for high school students. Thus, an expository class with original activities was performed to present the sets and a fuzzy logic, showing the ability of the high school students to assimilate the referred contents.

Submitted by Kelren Mota (kelrenlima@ufpa.br) on 2018-05-15T19:37:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_AvaliacaoSuscetibilidadeDeslizamento.pdf: 2366190 bytes, checksum: 1333e460bc5a12dbce3baf0b5cb5c464 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Kelren Mota (kelrenlima@ufpa.br) on 2018-05-15T19:38:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_AvaliacaoSuscetibilidadeDeslizamento.pdf: 2366190 bytes, checksum: 1333e460bc5a12dbce3baf0b5cb5c464 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-15T19:38:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_AvaliacaoSuscetibilidadeDeslizamento.pdf: 2366190 bytes, checksum: 1333e460bc5a12dbce3baf0b5cb5c464 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-03 / Os escorregamentos de terra são definidos como rápidos movimentos de massa, que apresentam um plano de ruptura bem definido causando anualmente grandes danos sociais e econômicos no mundo inteiro. Os fenômenos de instabilização de massa são condicionados por muitos fatores, como o clima, a litologia e as estruturas das rochas, pedologia, a morfologia, a ação antrópica e outros. As ações de prevenção como o efetivo sistema de alerta e o estabelecimento de áreas suscetíveis a esses processos são importantes, pois podem minimizar as perdas e danos por esses desastres. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar um mapeamento de suscetibilidade de deslizamento de terra para a bacia hidrográfica do Rio Trombetas por meio da lógica fuzzy, uma vez que a área de estudo é de grande interesse econômico, principalmente ao que se refere a exploração mineral. Foi utilizado um software de ambiente em Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) e o MATLAB em Sistema de Inferência Fuzzy (FIS) do tipo Mamdani para o desenvolvimento de um modelo qualitativo na previsão de suscetibilidade e limiares críticos de cenários de alerta a escorregamentos de terra. Foram incluídos 7 (sete) parâmetros de entrada no modelo caracterizando as condições topográficas, pedológica e ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que na bacia do Rio Trombetas existem áreas classificadas com: muito baixa (14,11%), baixa (47,23%), moderada (35,08%), alta (0,20%) e muito alta (3,39%) suscetibilidade de escorregamento de terra. / The landslides are defined as rapid mass movements, which present a well-defined rupture plane causing considerable social and economic damages worldwide each year. The phenomena of mass instabilisation are conditioned by many factors, such as climate, lithology and rock structures, pedology, morphology, anthropic action and others. Prevention actions such as the effective warning system and the establishment of areas susceptible to these processes are necessary because they can minimise the losses and damages caused by these disasters. In this sense, the objective of this research was to elaborate a map of the susceptibility of the landslide to the Trombetas River basin through fuzzy logic, since the area of study is of great economic interest, mainly to the exploration mineral. We used a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment software and the MATLAB in Mamdani type Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to develop a qualitative model for predicting susceptibility and critical thresholds of landslide warning scenarios. Seven (7) input parameters were included in the model, characterising the topographic, pedological and environmental conditions. The results showed that in the Trombetas River basin there are areas classified as very low (14.11%), low (47.23%), moderate (35.08%), high (0.20%) and very high (3.39%) susceptibility of the landslide.

By means of fuzzy set theory as well as Takagi-Sugeno and Mamdani fuzzy controller, this paper presents the investigation of a Resort Management System implemented by a combination of a T-S model and a Mamdani model. It demonstrates the procedure of the specific premise parameters identification and consequence parameters identification performed by regression knowledge in the T-S model, and the process of the fuzzification, the rule base creation and the defuzzification with COG technique in the Mamdani model. Therefore, an aggregation between T-S controller and Mamdani controller applied in the field of management by a novel angle is illustrated, which, as a result, devotes an improved management system that shares great convenience in the control process when combined with mathematics. Moreover, a modification of the conventional Takagi-Sugeno and Mamdani controller is demonstrated in conjunction with fuzzy operations t-norms and OWA by adjusting the -value, which is used in the calculation of final outputs in the T-S model and the computation of rule consequences in the Mamdani model. The algebraic intersection, bounded intersection as well as the -parameter t-norm are the t-norms which are going to be introduced. Besides, we have tested that t-norms generate the same alpha values when the membership degrees meet the boundary with the value of 1 or 0 while OWA can still yield a well-balanced result different from the one computing by minimum operation. Nevertheless both t-norms and OWA are able to shift the alpha-value in a well-adjusted way when the membership degrees lie in the interval [0,1]. A tendency has been shown that alpha-value tends to decrease by means of t-norms and OWA operations and consequently, the final outputs appear to be reduced.

Submitted by DANIEL DOS SANTOS VIAIS NETO null (dvneto@gmail.com) on 2016-06-17T14:42:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE - Daniel dos Santos Viais Neto.pdf: 1994747 bytes, checksum: af65171f111a7da468c3f93b43c93b28 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-21T19:17:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 viaisneto_ds_dr_bot.pdf: 1994747 bytes, checksum: af65171f111a7da468c3f93b43c93b28 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-21T19:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 viaisneto_ds_dr_bot.pdf: 1994747 bytes, checksum: af65171f111a7da468c3f93b43c93b28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-23 / O tomate, a mais popular das hortaliças, caracteriza-se por ser uma cultura exigente em água e, quando em déficit hídrico prolongado e severo, tem limitações em seu crescimento e redução em sua produtividade. Além disto, esta hortaliça é afetada pelo excesso de salinidade na água, que ocasiona murchamento foliar, queimadura do ápice e das bordas da folha e até sua morte. Tais efeitos, em geral, são analisados utilizando técnicas estatísticas, mas existem teorias matemáticas que permitem ajustes mais refinados, destacando-se dentre elas, a lógica fuzzy. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade do tomate híbrido em diferentes tensões de água no solo e diferentes doses de salinidade na irrigação ao longo de seu ciclo utilizando modelagem fuzzy. Esta avaliação foi desenvolvida em dois capítulos, sendo o primeiro sobre a análise dos efeitos da irrigação e da salinidade da água no ponto de colheita desta cultura; enquanto que o segundo se trata dos efeitos da irrigação e da salinidade da água nos parâmetros de desenvolvimento em diferentes estádios da cultura. Utilizou-se dados de um experimento que foi realizado em um ambiente protegido situado na área experimental na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP, Campus de Botucatu - SP. As variáveis de entrada dos sistemas fuzzy foram Irrigação, Salinidade e DAS, enquanto que as de saída elegeu-se as variáveis das análises biométricas e de produtividade que apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas. As análises dos efeitos da irrigação e salinidade foram realizadas por meio de gráficos tridimensionais e mapas de contorno das variáveis de saída. Foi possível inferir pelos modelos elaborados que as variáveis de desenvolvimento e de produtividade apresentaram resultados satisfatórios quando se utilizou irrigação em capacidade de campo e/ou salinidade nula. Além disso, as modelagens desenvolvidas neste trabalho podem ser adaptadas e utilizadas para avaliar outras culturas. / Tomato, the most popular of vegetables, is characterized by being a water-demanding crop and, when in prolonged and severe drought, presents growth limitations and reduction in productivity. In addition, this vegetable is affected by excess of water salinity, which causes leaf wilting, leaf apex and edges burn and even its death. These effects are usually analyzed using statistical techniques, but there are mathematical theories that allow finer adjustments, among which, fuzzy logic is highlighted. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the development and productivity of hybrid tomato in different water tensions in soil and different doses of salinity in irrigation throughout its cycle using fuzzy modeling. The evaluation was conducted in two chapters, the first one on the analysis of the effects of irrigation and water salinity at the harvest point of the crop; while the second one deals with the effects of irrigation and water salinity in development parameters at different stages of the culture. Data from an experiment conducted in a greenhouse located at the experimental area at the Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - FCA/UNESP in Botucatu - SP campus were used. The input variables of fuzzy systems were Irrigation, Salinity and DAS, while the output ones were the biometric and productivity analysis variables that showed statistically significant differences. Analyses of the effects of irrigation and salinity were performed through three-dimensional graphics and through output variables outline maps. It can be inferred through the elaborated models that the development and productivity variables showed satisfactory results when field capacity irrigation and/or zero salinity were used. Moreover, the modeling developed in the present work can be adapted and used to evaluate other crops.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo8686_1.pdf: 1460824 bytes, checksum: 6e00ba5a404123a03f24b6f64a05a565 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A modelagem do movimento da água na região não saturada do solo requer normalmente um grande número de parâmetros e variáveis, tais como a umidade volumétrica inicial, a umidade volumétrica saturada e a condutividade hidráulica saturada, que podem sem avaliadas de forma relativamente simples. Outras funções como o potencial matricial e a condutividade hidráulica relativa, que são funções não lineares da atual umidade volumétrica, são mais trabalhosas de determinar. O fluxo monodimensional da água na região não saturada é normalmente modelado por meio de uma equação diferencial parcial não-linear, conhecida como a equação de Richards. Desde que essa equação não possa ser resolvida analiticamente em alguns casos especiais, uma maneira de aproximar sua solução é através de algoritmos numéricos. O sucesso dos modelos numéricos em descrever a dinâmica da água no solo está intimamente relacionado com a precisão com que os parâmetros físico-hídricos são determinados. Este tem sido o grande desafio no uso dos modelos numéricos, pois em geral, tais parâmetros são difíceis de determinar e apresentam uma grande variabilidade espacial no solo. Portanto, fazem-se necessários o desenvolvimento e a utilização de metodologias que incorporem, de uma maneira apropriada, as incertezas intrínsecas ao deslocamento da água nos solos. Neste trabalho, modelos fuzzy são usados como uma solução alternativa para descrever o fluxo de água na zona não saturada do solo. Dois modelos baseados na lógica fuzzy, desenvolvidos para simular o processo de redistribuição da água no solo, são apresentados. O princípio desses modelos consiste de um sistema baseado em regras fuzzy do tipo Mamdani. O conjunto de treinamento foi obtido pela solução numérica da equação de Richards através do método das diferenças finitas (MDF) e foi utilizado para criar dois modelos baseados em regras fuzzy. Aqui as regras se baseiam no teor de umidade das camadas adjacentes do solo. Dentre as vantagens do modelo fuzzy desenvolvido neste trabalho, estão a sua simplicidade e o seu baixo custo computacional. O desempenho dos resultados modelados pelo sistema fuzzy são avaliados através da evolução dos perfis de umidade ao longo do tempo comparados com os obtidos através da simulação numérica da equação de Richards, sob duas condições distintas de fronteira inferior e para três solos com diferentes características hidrodinâmicas. Os resultados obtidos pelo uso dos modelos fuzzy apresentaram uma satisfatória reprodução dos valores quando comparados com a solução numérica. Cada um destes modelos estava devidamente ajustado para cada caso estudado neste trabalho. Este fato ratificou a possibilidade de que é perfeitamente possível modelar outros casos a partir do uso da lógica fuzzy, adotando a mesma metodologia proposta e aplicada neste trabalho

Two fuzzy controllers are presented. A fuzzy controller with intermediate variable designed for cascade control purposes is presented as the FCIV controller. An intermediate variable and a new set of fuzzy logic rules are added to a conventional Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) to build the Fuzzy Controller with Intermediate Variable (FCIV). The new controller was tested in the control of a nonlinear chemical process, and its performance was compared to several other controllers. The FCIV shows the best control performance regarding stability and robustness. The new controller also has an acceptable performance when noise is added to the sensor signal. An optimization program has been used to determine the optimum tuning parameters for all controllers to control a chemical process. This program allows obtaining the tuning parameters for a minimum IAE (Integral absolute of the error). The second controller presented uses fuzzy logic to improve the performance of the convention al internal model controller (IMC). This controller is called FAIMCr (Fuzzy Adaptive Internal Model Controller). Twofuzzy modules plus a filter tuning equation are added to the conventional IMC to achieve the objective. The first fuzzy module, the IMCFAM, determines the process parameters changes. The second fuzzy module, the IMCFF, provides stability to the control system, and a tuning equation is developed for the filter time constant based on the process parameters. The results show the FAIMCr providing a robust response and overcoming stability problems. Adding noise to the sensor signal does not affect the performance of the FAIMC.The contributions presented in this work include:The development of a fuzzy controller with intermediate variable for cascade control purposes. An adaptive model controller which uses fuzzy logic to predict the process parameters changes for the IMC controller. An IMC filter tuning equation to update the filter time constant based in the process paramete rs values. A variable fuzzy filter for the internal model controller (IMC) useful to provide stability to the control system.

Σε αυτή τη Διπλωματική εργασία έχει μοντελοποιηθεί ένα υβριδικό σύστημα παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, που αποτελείται από ένα υδροηλεκτρικό σταθμό παραγωγής κι ένα αιολικό πάρκο. Η παραγόμενη από αυτά ισχύς τροφοδοτεί ένα μεταβλητό φορτίο που προσομοιώνει την ζήτηση μίας μικρής πόλης. Έχει γίνει μια προσπάθεια ελέγχου τόσο της παραγωγής πραγματικής ισχύος, όσο και του φορτίου με την βοήθεια ασαφών ελεγκτών, με μηχανισμό συμπερασμού που βασίζεται στην συνεπαγωγή Mamdani. / -

Thesis (MA (Political Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / This thesis is a theoretical contribution to the debate about statehood in Sub-Saharan Africa. My primary aims have been to interrogate the use of the state concept on the continent, and to open up new theoretical avenues to analyse the state. My starting point has been that the state is a key to solving socio-economic challenges. Yet the social theory that purports to make sense of the state in Africa is poor. Mainstream scholars use prefixes such as ‘failed’, ‘weak’ and ‘quasi’ to make sense of existing African states. If they call for such labels, it is only because an unhelpful ideal type based on the ‘modern’ European state is postulated. Such scholarship is limited to theorising the distance between the ideal type and real states. This approach gives a functionalist account of the state’s relationship with society and economy, but fails to explain the state as a historical product and expression of the distribution of power between social groups. As an alternative way to theorise states, I propose a synthesis between Robert W. Cox and Mahmood Mamdani. Combining Mamdani’s and Cox’s theoretical frameworks avoids the problems that arise when Eurocentric International Relations (IR) theories are applied to an African context. The synthesis adds to both frameworks by addressing a shortcoming in Cox by paying more attention to power struggles in the periphery, and redresses the exclusive focus on Africa in Mamdani. Adding Cox to Mamdani contextualises Mamdani’s African state in space as well as time, whereas adding Mamdani to Cox shows how African states respond to outside pressures and in the process (re)constitute the world order by adding an inside-out pressure. I use a single case study of the Angolan state to illustrate how a Coxian / Mamdanian synthesis contributes to the debate. This theoretical framework turns the attention to four aspects. First, there is a close historical link between the economic structure and the form of the state in the country, from the slave trade to today’s political economy of oil. Second, I look at the attempts of the Angolan state elite to legitimise its own power. I posit that in the context of social destitution and poverty, strategies to sustain consent based rule assumes particular importance. Third, the Angolan state is an expression of internal powers struggles between social groups in the country. The contemporary balance of power is volatile: recent economic growth has the potential of unsettling old power structures, as the relative balance of who has access to economic power changes. Lastly, the world order supports the current structure of power in Angola, largely thanks to the political economy of oil. Oil gives the Angolan regime ample economic resources, as well as crucial support from oil companies and the states that import the oil. This foreign support underwrites the regime and constitutes an important element in its support base

As we all know the classical set theory has a deep-rooted influence in the traditional mathematics. According to the two-valued logic, an element can belong to a set or cannot. In the former case, the element’s membership degree will be assigned to one, whereas in the latter case it takes the zero value. With other words, a feeling of imprecision or fuzziness in the two-valued logic does not exist. With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more scientists have gradually come to realize the vital importance of the multi-valued logic. Thus, in 1965, Professor Lotfi A. Zadeh from Berkeley University put forward the concept of a fuzzy set. In less than 60 years, people became more and more familiar with fuzzy set theory. The theory of fuzzy sets has been turned to be a favor applied to many fields. The study aims to apply some classical and extensional methods of fuzzy set theory in life expectancy and treatment prognoses for cancer patients. The research is based on real-life problems encountered in clinical works by physicians. From the introductory items of the fuzzy set theory to the medical applications, a collection of detailed analysis of fuzzy set theory and its extensions are presented in the thesis. Concretely speaking, the Mamdani fuzzy control systems and the Sugeno controller have been applied to predict the survival length of gastric cancer patients. In order to keep the gastric cancer patients, already examined, away from the unnecessary suffering from surgical operation, the fuzzy c-means clustering analysis has been adopted to investigate the possibilities for operation contra to nonoperation. Furthermore, the approach of point set approximation has been adopted to estimate the operation possibilities against to nonoperation for an arbitrary gastric cancer patient. In addition, in the domain of multi-expert decision-making, the probabilistic model, the model of 2-tuple linguistic representations and the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTS) have been utilized to select the most consensual treatment scheme(s) for two separate prostate cancer patients. The obtained results have supplied the physicians with reliable and helpful information. Therefore, the research work can be seen as the mathematical complements to the physicians’ queries.

Submitted by Livia Mello (liviacmello@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-06T19:50:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissBKL.pdf: 2379155 bytes, checksum: 51e6509b53346c6cbb27ecc3a7faf016 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:20:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissBKL.pdf: 2379155 bytes, checksum: 51e6509b53346c6cbb27ecc3a7faf016 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:21:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissBKL.pdf: 2379155 bytes, checksum: 51e6509b53346c6cbb27ecc3a7faf016 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissBKL.pdf: 2379155 bytes, checksum: 51e6509b53346c6cbb27ecc3a7faf016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The main aims of this work are to study the ways to model mathematically uncertainties using Fuzzy Sets Theory, and then propose a mathematical model to estimate the risk of an individual developing lung cancer through a system based rule fuzzy. Therefore, we consider risk factors, namely smoking, pollution, history of lung disease, family history and contact with chemical agents such as system input variables fuzzy. Lung cancer is a disease that has no symptoms in its early stages, making the diagnosis more difficult to be done and, therefore, most discovered when the cancer is already advanced. This type of cancer is highly lethal and frequent in the population, an increase of 2 % per year in its worldwide incidence. / Os principais objetivos desse trabalho são estudar as formas de modelar matematicamente certas incertezas por meio da Teoria dos Conjuntos Fuzzy e, em seguida, propor um modelo matemático para estimar o risco de um indivíduo desenvolver câncer de pulmão por meio um sistema baseado em regras fuzzy. Para isso, consideramos fatores de risco, tais como, tabagismo, poluição, histórico de doenças pulmonares, histórico familiar e contato com agentes químicos como variáveis de entrada do sistema fuzzy. O câncer de pulmão é uma doença que não apresenta sintomas em suas fases iniciais, tornando o diagnóstico mais difícil de ser feito e, por isso, a maioria descobre quando o câncer já está avançado. Esse tipo de câncer é altamente letal e frequente na população, apresentando aumento de 2% ao ano na sua incidência mundial.