Som ett svar på att den svenska skolans matematikundervisning är i behov av ett lyft har denna studie utförts. Målet har varit att kunna uppvisa en idé gällande hur gymnasieskolans matematikundervisning kan individanpassas till följd av en utökad och mer riktad användning av exempellösningar. Detta har gjorts genom att en alternativ undervisningsmetod har införts i två klasser på en gymnasieskola i Stockholm, som sedan har genomfört matematikprov med och/eller utan den alternativa undervisningsmetoden. Utöver matematikprov har intervjuer och enkäter genomförts. Studiens resultat tyder på att elevernas prestation ökar vid inslag av en undervisning med exempellösningar. Vidare pekar undersökningen på att de elever som lyckas höja sina matematikresultat allra mest vid implementeringen av den imitativa undervisningen är de som i normala fall presterar allra svagast vid ordinarie undervisning. Studien visar även att elever ur olika kunskapsintervall uppskattar studerandet av de färdiga exempellösningarna, och finner sitt sätt på vilket de hanterar dem. Sammanfattningsvis åskådliggör detta arbete att färdiga exempellösningar med fördel kan användas som inslag i matematikundervisning vid exempelvis introduktion av nya procedurer eller teorier för att lättare och mindre tidskrävande kunna ge eleverna möjlighet till den stöttning de erfordrar. / This study has been conducted due to the need of a boost of the Swedish school's mathematics education. The aim has been to be able to show an idea of how high school mathematics education can be customized as a result of an extended and more targeted use of sample solutions. This has been done by introducing an alternative teaching method into two classes at a secondary school in Stockholm. The students has then performed mathematical tests with and/or without the alternative teaching method. In addition to mathematical tests, interviews and surveys have been conducted. The results of the study indicate that students' performance increase when teaching with sample solutions. Furthermore, the study points out that those who are most successful in raising their mathematical results often are the students who usually perform the weakest in regular education. The study also shows that students with different academic background appreciate to work with sample solutions, and can find their own way in how to use them. To summarize, this work indicates that sample solutions can be used as an element in mathematics education, for example, when introducing new procedures or theories in order to easier and less time-consuming provide students with the support they need and require.

Learn how to realize a measurable increase in student engagement and achievement in mathematics through a guided, collaborative, and active process grounded in mathematics. Students and teachers collaboratively devise a data-driven plan of action that moves learning forward for all students and effectively supports at-risk secondary students in urban environments. Learn how teachers in the LMU Math and Science Teaching Program effectively implement assessments as motivations for student achievement and develop opportunities for students to demonstrate comprehension and retention of essential content over time. Students become active participants in the assessment process in an environment where learning is an individual progression and risk-taking is valued and encouraged. Find out how students, guided by teacher-provided descriptive feedback, make decisions in a process of self-reflection in which they critically analyze and compare their learning outcomes to expectations of content mastery. By comparing mastery to current performance, students utilize failure and engage in error analysis to deconstruct prior shortcomings and devise a plan of action that will move learning forward thereby overcoming failure.

Learn how to realize a measurable increase in student engagement and achievement in mathematics through a guided, collaborative, and active process grounded in mathematics. Students and teachers collaboratively devise a data-driven plan of action that moves learning forward for all students and effectively supports at-risk secondary students in urban environments. Learn how teachers in the LMU Math and Science Teaching Program effectively implement assessments as motivations for student achievement and develop opportunities for students to demonstrate comprehension and retention of essential content over time. Students become active participants in the assessment process in an environment where learning is an individual progression and risk-taking is valued and encouraged. Find out how students, guided by teacher-provided descriptive feedback, make decisions in a process of self-reflection in which they critically analyze and compare their learning outcomes to expectations of content mastery. By comparing mastery to current performance, students utilize failure and engage in error analysis to deconstruct prior shortcomings and devise a plan of action that will move learning forward thereby overcoming failure.

The major aims of this paper are to: present the background of the mathematics education problem in the Stamford Public School (SPS) district which is common is most U.S cities; explain the need for change in mathematics education; describe the process to systemically transform both the curriculum and instruction of mathematics thereby ensuring that each and every students is prepared for the 21st century, for higher education, and for success in a global society; and provide ways to measure these changes. The K-12 mathematics education reform model presented can be replicated in other cities and for other academic areas.

This work is part of a project developed within the line of research ―Formation, Knowledge, and Professional Development‖ of the graduate program in Education at Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). It is based on studies related to the formation of teachers who teach Math in an inclusion context, aiming at contextualizing Special Education in the Brazilian scenario. To do so, it involved mainly the theoretical assumptions of historical-cultural theory and teaching guiding activity (TGA). As research question this study aims to answer: what elements show to be relevant to the organization of teaching towards the appropriation of the concept of number in an inclusion context? To answer this question, this work investigated the teaching organization towards the appropriation of the concept of number within the inclusion context. To fulfill this objective, the movement of teaching organization directed to two included second graders, who had difficulties in acquiring such concept, was focused. Investigation actions were dynamised in a resource room of a public school situated in Pinhal Grande/RS, where the special educator organized and proposed the specialized teaching activities. In this sense, a didactic unity composed by two teaching activities based on TGA was proposed according to different leaning triggering situations. Data were collected by means of an investigative form, a field diary, audio and video recording, and photographic registers. As far as the analysis of episodes is concerned, it was structured in three moments: 1) the teacher-researcher s organization; 2) ―Camila, the girl who colors drawings‖ a proposal involving one-to-one correspondence; and 3) ―A fun summer afternoon‖ the grouping of activities being focused. In studies of event proceedings, we found indicators of a gradual increase in the number of publications related to the process of teaching and learning Math in the inclusion context, yet the lack of studies on teachers formation in this context is evident. According to data, it is fundamental, in the organization of Math teaching in the inclusion context, that teachers: know the students difficulties and potentialities; seize the logical-historical movement of the concept they are going to work with; engage in actions that allow them the sharing of actions with their peers; be oriented by a solid theoretical-methodological framework. For learning Math in this context, one needs collaboration among peers, mediation from teachers acting in the zone of proximal development by understanding that all students present developing capabilities, the ludic aspect of developed actions, and adaptations due to specific traits presented by students. Evidence shows that TGA, through their theoretical-methodological assumptions, can be transformed into a general way of teaching-organizing action to special education teachers acting in resource rooms. / Este trabalho decorre de um projeto desenvolvido no âmbito da linha de pesquisa ―Formação, Saberes e Desenvolvimento Profissional‖ do programa de pós-graduação em educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Pautou-se em estudos relacionados à formação do professor que ensina matemática no contexto de inclusão, procurando contextualizar a educação especial no cenário brasileiro. Para tanto, envolveu, principalmente, os pressupostos teóricos norteadores da teoria histórico-cultural, da teoria da atividade e da atividade orientadora de ensino (AOE). Possuiu como questão investigativa: quais elementos se mostram como relevantes para a organização do ensino voltado para a apropriação do conceito de número no contexto de inclusão? E visando respondê-la, o objetivo principal investigou a organização do ensino para a apropriação do conceito de número no contexto de inclusão. A fim de contemplá-lo, enfocou-se o movimento de organização do ensino direcionado a duas alunas incluídas no 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental, que possuíam dificuldades quanto à apropriação do referido conceito. As ações de investigação foram dinamizadas numa sala de recursos pertencente a uma escola da rede pública estadual localizada no município de Pinhal Grande/RS, espaço onde a professora de educação especial organiza e propõe o atendimento educacional especializado. Nesse sentido, propôs-se uma unidade didática composta por duas atividades de ensino que seguiam a perspectiva da AOE, sendo delineadas por diferentes situações desencadeadoras de aprendizagem. Os dados foram coletados a partir de uma ficha investigativa, do diário de campo, da gravação em áudio e vídeo e de registros fotográficos. Já a análise, realizada a partir de episódios, estruturou-se em três momentos: 1) a organização da professora-pesquisadora; 2) ―Camila, a menina que colore desenhos‖ uma proposta envolvendo a correspondência um a um e, 3) ―Uma tarde de verão divertida‖ o agrupamento de quantidades em destaque. Nos estudos realizados em anais de eventos, encontramos indicativos de um aumento gradativo no número de publicações relativas ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática no contexto de inclusão, mas ainda assim, é evidente a carência de estudos acerca da formação de professores nesse contexto. Ainda de acordo com os dados, na organização do ensino de matemática no contexto de inclusão é imprescindível que o professor: conheça as dificuldades e potencialidades dos alunos; aproprie-se do movimento lógico-histórico do conceito que vai trabalhar; insira-se em ações que lhe permitam o compartilhamento de ações com seus pares; oriente-se a partir de uma sólida proposta teórico-metodológica. Para a aprendizagem da matemática nesse contexto, evidencia-se a colaboração entre pares; a mediação do professor atuando na zona de desenvolvimento proximal a partir da compreensão de que todos têm capacidades de desenvolvimento; o aspecto lúdico das ações desenvolvidas; a realização de adequações devido às características que são apresentadas pelos alunos. Também foram encontrados indícios de que a AOE, a partir de seus pressupostos teórico-metodológicos, pode se converter em um modo geral de ação de organização do ensino para o professor de educação especial que atua em sala de recursos.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-07T20:02:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ricardoferreiraparaizo.pdf: 3940678 bytes, checksum: 5e119e9029a47efd360b90ca2458d7cb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-08T13:21:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ricardoferreiraparaizo.pdf: 3940678 bytes, checksum: 5e119e9029a47efd360b90ca2458d7cb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-08T13:22:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ricardoferreiraparaizo.pdf: 3940678 bytes, checksum: 5e119e9029a47efd360b90ca2458d7cb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-08T13:22:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ricardoferreiraparaizo.pdf: 3940678 bytes, checksum: 5e119e9029a47efd360b90ca2458d7cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-02 / Neste trabalho investigamos as possibilidades e limitações emergentes da utilização integrada de vídeos didáticos e da manipulação de materiais concretos no ensino de geometria no Ensino Médio. A pesquisa, conduzida segundo os critérios da grounded theory, foi realizada com doze participantes do terceiro ano de uma escola pública de Minas Gerais. A coleta e a análise dos dados tiveram como foco os conceitos de área de figuras planas e de volume de sólidos. O estudo descreve as percepções e concepções dos participantes em relação aos conceitos geométricos supra-referidos e à abordagem metodológica utilizada, e sugere que o ludismo, a interação, a contextualização, a etimologia, a qualidade de imagem e som, a concisão e a clareza são os principais elementos a serem observados em vídeoproduções com objetivos similares ao investigado. A pesquisa destaca ainda o papel significativo da manipulação de materiais concretos pelos participantes, assim como o papel mediador do professor, ao longo de todo o processo instrucional. / In this work we investigate the possibilities and limitations arising from the integrated use of educational videos and manipulation of concrete materials in high school geometry. The research was conducted, according to the grounded theory method, with twelve third-year high school participants from a public school of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data collection and analysis focused on the concept of area of plane figures and on the concept of volume of solids. The study describes the perceptions and conceptions of the participants in relation to the aforementioned geometric concepts as well as to the methodological approach, and suggests that ludic dimension, interaction, context, etymology, image and sound quality, conciseness and clarity are the main elements to be observed in video productions addressing similar goals. The research also highlights as significant the manipulation of concrete materials by the participants as well as the mediator role of the teacher throughout the instructional process.

The major aims of this paper are to: present the background of the mathematics education problem in the Stamford Public School (SPS) district which is common is most U.S cities; explain the need for change in mathematics education; describe the process to systemically transform both the curriculum and instruction of mathematics thereby ensuring that each and every students is prepared for the 21st century, for higher education, and for success in a global society; and provide ways to measure these changes. The K-12 mathematics education reform model presented can be replicated in other cities and for other academic areas.

No description available.