A produção de jornais por parte de grupos de operários no Rio de Janeiro durante as duas primeiras décadas do século XX é o objeto dessa pesquisa. Analisou-se o conceito do ativismo de mídia dentro de uma contextualização histórica, em comparação com as abordagens contemporâneas. Estudou-se o movimento operário que dava base à produção desses jornais, desde suas origens, fundamentações ideológicas, divisões internas e principais eventos. Tal movimento foi contextualizado dentro momento histórico que participa. Foram pesquisados jornais entre 1900 e 1920, com base no acervo da Biblioteca Nacional. Foram analisados de acordo com a periodicidade, duração, orientação ideológica, apresentação gráfica e linguagem. Analisou-se em conjunto os processos de apropriação de linguagem e de ascensão e queda da imprensa operária, considerando causas e conseqüências. Foram consultadas também fontes complementares de material produzido pelos grupos operários, tais como cartas abertas e cartazes. Os dados foram apresentados quantificados e comparativamente. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, com base no jornal A Voz do Trabalhador. Através da análise de discurso, foram exemplificadas estruturas comuns aos jornais operários, estilo de texto, e acompanhamento de situações específicas de crise, dinâmica de debate sobre assuntos em voga e orientação específica para o público-alvo. Tais análises revelaram uma pluralidade de orientações políticas, diversidade de abordagens e usos e superação da importância do jornal operário frente ao grupo que deveria representar. / The production of newspapers by groups of workers in Rio de Janeiro during the first two decades of the twentieth century is the subject of this research. We analyzed the concept of the media activism within a historical context, in comparison with contemporary approaches. To study the labor movement that was based on the production of newspapers, since its origins, ideological reasons, internal divisions and major events. This movement was contextualized within historical moment that participates. Newspapers were surveyed between 1900 and 1920, based on the acquis of the National Library. Were analyzed according to the frequency, duration, ideological orientation, layout and language. It was analyzed in all the processes of appropriation of language and the rise and fall of the workers press, considering causes and consequences. We also found additional sources of material produced by workers groups, such as open letters and posters. The data were presented quantified and compared. This was a case study, based on A Voz do Trabalhador newspaper. Through the analysis of speech, were exemplified structures common to the workers newspaper, style of text, and monitoring of specific situations of crisis, momentum for discussion of issues in vogue and specific guidance to the target audience. Such analysis revealed a number of policy guidelines, diversity of approaches and practices and overcoming the importance of group that should represent in the workers press.

A produção de jornais por parte de grupos de operários no Rio de Janeiro durante as duas primeiras décadas do século XX é o objeto dessa pesquisa. Analisou-se o conceito do ativismo de mídia dentro de uma contextualização histórica, em comparação com as abordagens contemporâneas. Estudou-se o movimento operário que dava base à produção desses jornais, desde suas origens, fundamentações ideológicas, divisões internas e principais eventos. Tal movimento foi contextualizado dentro momento histórico que participa. Foram pesquisados jornais entre 1900 e 1920, com base no acervo da Biblioteca Nacional. Foram analisados de acordo com a periodicidade, duração, orientação ideológica, apresentação gráfica e linguagem. Analisou-se em conjunto os processos de apropriação de linguagem e de ascensão e queda da imprensa operária, considerando causas e conseqüências. Foram consultadas também fontes complementares de material produzido pelos grupos operários, tais como cartas abertas e cartazes. Os dados foram apresentados quantificados e comparativamente. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, com base no jornal A Voz do Trabalhador. Através da análise de discurso, foram exemplificadas estruturas comuns aos jornais operários, estilo de texto, e acompanhamento de situações específicas de crise, dinâmica de debate sobre assuntos em voga e orientação específica para o público-alvo. Tais análises revelaram uma pluralidade de orientações políticas, diversidade de abordagens e usos e superação da importância do jornal operário frente ao grupo que deveria representar. / The production of newspapers by groups of workers in Rio de Janeiro during the first two decades of the twentieth century is the subject of this research. We analyzed the concept of the media activism within a historical context, in comparison with contemporary approaches. To study the labor movement that was based on the production of newspapers, since its origins, ideological reasons, internal divisions and major events. This movement was contextualized within historical moment that participates. Newspapers were surveyed between 1900 and 1920, based on the acquis of the National Library. Were analyzed according to the frequency, duration, ideological orientation, layout and language. It was analyzed in all the processes of appropriation of language and the rise and fall of the workers press, considering causes and consequences. We also found additional sources of material produced by workers groups, such as open letters and posters. The data were presented quantified and compared. This was a case study, based on A Voz do Trabalhador newspaper. Through the analysis of speech, were exemplified structures common to the workers newspaper, style of text, and monitoring of specific situations of crisis, momentum for discussion of issues in vogue and specific guidance to the target audience. Such analysis revealed a number of policy guidelines, diversity of approaches and practices and overcoming the importance of group that should represent in the workers press.

Cette thèse porte sur la recrudescence notable depuis une décennie de certains phénomènes singuliers de mystification mettant en jeu des dispositifs communicationnels assez élaborés, connus sous l’appellation de canulars médiatiques. Apparu au XVIIIe siècle et en filiation étroite avec certaines pratiques populaires plus anciennes, l’acte canularesque associé à l’usage des médias engage la mise en œuvre de procédés audacieux qui, au fil du temps et de l’émergence de nouveaux moyens de communication, n’ont cessé de se sophistiquer.L'analyse d'un corpus de neuf canulars ayant recueilli d'un fort retentissement médiatique au cours de la période 2004-2008 souligne l’importance du jeu des interactions qui s’établissent entre l’auteur, sa cible et le public exposé.Elle témoigne également de la forte incidence du contexte sur la réussite de l’acte. Les transformations profondes qui traversent actuellement la société à l’échelle internationale, ainsi que les importants bouleversements qui modifient et parfois fragilisent le monde de l’information, représentent à l’évidence un terrain propice à la multiplication des canulars médiatiques. Entre la précarisation des conditions d’exercice du journalisme, la concurrence effrénée qui affecte les médias, l’attrait grandissant pour les fictions se donnant pour vraies et la recherche permanente de l’inédit et du spectaculaire, les fausses nouvelles et autres mystifications malicieuses trouvent toute raison de proliférer.La tournure très transgressive prise par les canulars médiatiques au cours de ces dernières années a conduit récemment à la mise en place de législations plus coercitives et entraîné de la part de leurs victimes des mesures de rétorsion qui nous amènent, en dernière partie de cette thèse, à nous interroger sur le devenir incertain de l’objet et de sa pratique. / This thesis deals with the issue of a decade-long rise in the number of particular phenomena of mystification that use very elaborate communication mechanisms : the media hoaxes. Appeared in the 18th century and closely linked to ancient and popular practices, the elaborate hoax, associate with media and new technologies, implements audacious processes that became increasingly sophisticated. The analysis of nine hoaxes cases that have benefited from a wide media echoe during the period 2004 to 2008 emphasizes the significance of interaction between the author, his target and the audience. It also testifies the context's high impact upon the success of the action. The profound transformations that go through worldwide societies and the upheavals that modify and often weaken the information world obviously represent a favourable ground for a multiplication of media hoaxes. From the erosion of conditions in journalism practices, the fiercecompetition which affects various media, the growing attraction for fictions as true, to the constant search for novelty and the spectacular, false information and other mischievous mystifications find every reason to proliferate.As the transgressive course taken by media hoaxes in recent years has led to a stringent legislation and the victims' retaliations, we question the uncertain future of this research topic as a practice in the final part of the thesis.

This study aimed to get a deeper understanding of how people interact within groups on social media that originally stems from a hashtag-activistic campaign. The study was conducted on an empirically selected group using the hashtag #Trashtag on Facebook. #Trashtag is a hashtag used when picking up garbage in order to document pictures of ones work on social media. This study attempts to find out how the interaction within this group works and what makes people engage in the matter.  This study is conducted through content- and text analysis as well as ethnographic observation online. The observation method is also the means in which the data for this study is collected. The following three theories is used as the theoretical framework for this study, participatory culture, making is connecting and uses and gratification alongside with an hermeneutic perspective. The main results for this study was found by observing 45 publications from one Facebook group with the mission to clean up a beach in Ireland.  The observation showed that publications posted in the group varied between subjects concerning the constant litter and contamination on the beach too publications designed to inform about possible or direct causes of the problem. The main result of this study was an observation that a recurring way of motivating the group members to participate in the Facebook group was through emotionally charged content designed to provoke some kind of reaction. The engagement however is driven by positiveness and unconditional encouragement between the participants, negative vibes are not answered upon. Furthermore the study found that the urge to participate and contribute gives people a satisfactory feeling of achievement. Therefore activist groups like the one being researched in this study are important not just for the environment itself but also for the individual. The presented material in this study could be used for further research within this subject.

The Islamic movement study mostly focused on radical, extremist, violent, or military aspects. The current research was carried out to examine the nonviolent elements of the Islamic movement. Based on the ethnographic photo research conducted in the Ethiopian Muslims Protest, the Islamic movements nonviolent aspect investigated. The Ethiopian Muslims were organized social media-led protests called Let Our Voices be Heard for their religious rights between 2011 and 2015. The study first examined where this Let Our Voices be Heard protest fits in civil resistance studies. Second, it investigated Facebook's role in initiating, organizing, and sustaining the nonviolent Islamic movement in Ethiopia. Using Johnston's defining terms of social movement theory, the Let Our Voices be Heard protest tested. The result shows that the protest well fit with the dimensions and components of social movement theory. The result indicates that the Let Our Voices be Heard protest exemplifies nonviolent Islamic movement in the Eastern Africa region, Ethiopia. The study further shows that Facebook, when used for a common goal, is a robust platform for successfully mobilizing nonviolent Islamic movements.

The Islamic movement study mostly focused on radical, extremist, violent, or military aspects. The current research was carried out to examine the nonviolent elements of the Islamic movement. Based on the ethnographic photo research conducted in the Ethiopian Muslims Protest, the Islamic movements nonviolent aspect investigated. The Ethiopian Muslims were organized social media-led protests called Let Our Voices be Heard for their religious rights between 2011 and 2015. The study first examined where this Let Our Voices be Heard protest fits in civil resistance studies. Second, it investigated Facebook's role in initiating, organizing, and sustaining the nonviolent Islamic movement in Ethiopia. Using Johnston's defining terms of social movement theory, the Let Our Voices be Heard protest tested. The result shows that the protest well fit with the dimensions and components of social movement theory. The result indicates that the Let Our Voices be Heard protest exemplifies nonviolent Islamic movement in the Eastern Africa region, Ethiopia. The study further shows that Facebook, when used for a common goal, is a robust platform for successfully mobilizing nonviolent Islamic movements.

Research paper talks about environmentalism, and its representations in the digital age. The study is focused on Instagram and the sample of three selected profiles. The research is conducted through the scope of the Framing Theory, focusing on two specific theories, adapted as the main frames, them being a very recent framework, Climate Optimism, and Climate Doomism. The methodology used was content analysis, with implemented data sampling strategy, codebook development, and coding itself, which resulted in the results of the analysis. The overall aim of the master’s thesis is to investigate the framing and therefore representations of climate change, and therefore provide a better understanding of how climate change is framed within social media and what frameworks can be implemented to take action- either individual, or global. The results of the analysis confirmed that the occurrence of positive narratives around climate change narratives is more and more prominent, and it is argued, that the framework could be expanded to a much larger scale and an audience in future research.

The aim of this study is to analyze 25 fake election posters that have been put up between 2018 and 2022 in Sweden, through a narrative analysis, to gain an insight into how they displace political messages in the public space. The study is also done to gain a deeper understanding of the practice from a media activist perspective and to investigate how these practices renegotiate a traditional form of political communication. These renegotiation practices are theorized in terms of territorialization (Deleuze & Guattari, 1987). In addition, the concept right to the city (Harvey, 2003, 2008; Lefebvre, 1996) is used to understand the city as a public political space. The results of the study show that many fake election posters seem to want to challenge and try to influence their surroundings, although there are differences in what the the election posters specifically want to challenge or criticize. Common characteristics of the practice are activism, criticism, disclosure, disinformation, appropriation, intertextuality, irony, satire, humor, and political standpoints. This also shows that fake election posters can be understood as a type of activism, as there are many similarities with other media activist practices such as culture jamming, street art and graffiti.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-05-09T13:21:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinicius Jesus de Brito_.pdf: 2880472 bytes, checksum: 79323da862cd017642dd051e70939e84 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-09T13:21:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinicius Jesus de Brito_.pdf: 2880472 bytes, checksum: 79323da862cd017642dd051e70939e84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-26 / Nenhuma / De atuação exclusivamente online, a Rádio Arquibancada dedica sua programação inteira ao Carnaval das escolas de samba, fundamentalmente do Rio de Janeiro. Essa pesquisa investiga de que forma lógicas midiativistas empregadas nas práticas jornalísticas desta rádio contribuem para a circulação, o consumo e a manutenção da cultura das escolas de samba. O processo de construção da pesquisa teve pontos distintos de observação, como das redes sociais da emissora em estudo e entrevistas realizadas com seus idealizadores, além de alguns ouvintes. Também foram realizadas observações de duas transmissões ao vivo realizadas pela Rádio Arquibancada nos dias 13 e 14 de outubro de 2017, dos eventos de escolhas dos sambas-enredo das escolas de samba Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel e Portela, a partir da adaptação de cinco níveis de análise utilizados para estudo de coletivos midiáticos (AQUINO BITTENCOURT; GONZATTI; RIOS, 2018). A atuação da emissora em uma transmissão também foi observada in loco, durante realização do evento Carnavália-Sambacon, realizado no Rio de Janeiro entre 13 e 15 de julho de 2017, com presença do autor desta pesquisa. Ao final da pesquisa, entende-se a Rádio Arquibancada como um veículo midiativista, que almeja a rentabilidade através de suas práticas jornalísticas, colocando a cultura carnavalesca como o principal fio condutor de suas coberturas, e tendo como lógica de resistência perante a imprensa de massa os princípios do ativismo midiático. / Of online update only, Radio Arquibancada dedicates its entire program to the Carnival of samba schools fundamentally from Rio de Janeiro. This research investigates how media activist logics employed in the journalistic practices of this radio can contribute to the circulation, consumption and maintenance of the culture of samba schools. The process of construction of the research had distinct points of observation, such as the social networks of the station under study and interviews with its creators, as well as some listeners. There were also observations of two live broadcasts conducted by Radio Arquibancada on October 13 and 14, 2017, of the samba theme choice events of the samba schools Mocidade Independente de Padre Miguel and Portela, from the adaptation of five levels of analysis used for the study of media collectives (AQUINO BITTENCOURT, GONZATTI; RIOS, 2018). The performance of the station in a transmission was also observed in loco during Carnavalia-Sambacon held in Rio de Janeiro between July 13 and 15, 2017, with the presence of the author of this research. At the end of the research, it is understood Radio Arquibancada as media activist vehicle which aims at profitability through its journalistic practices, placing the carnival culture as the main guideline of its coverage, and having as logic of resistance to mass media the principles of media activism.

The struggle to end violence against women and girls has long been a priority topic for women’s and feminist movements in Latin America. Lately, since the changes in the new media landscape (Castells 2015; Lievrouw, 2013) with the increased use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter, the way women and feminist movements advocate their intentions are changing (Harcourt, 2013; Mathos, 2017). Departing from this reality, the aim is to investigate the role the use of social media activism played for the recent feminist movement, Ni Una Menos (NUM [Not One Less]), in Argentina and Chile while advocating for the end of violence against women. Taking a cross disciplinary approach this research combines theories from the fields of feminist studies, social movement and communication sciences. Through in-depth interviews with core activists from NUM both in Argentina and Chile as research method, it has been possible to identify the role of certain social media platforms for NUM’s tactical repertoire in their strive to advocate for the end of violence against women and girls. The findings also demonstrate the activism on social media platforms by the NUM movement has played an important role to set the topic on the public agenda in these countries, resulting in a generally greater awareness. Regardless off the role social media activism played, the importance seems to lie in a combination of activism on social media and the streets for feminist movements advocating to end violence against women because it assures a broad reach to all people in society. Nevertheless, to end violence against women in these countries much more effort is needed by society at large.