<p>Syfte: Syftet är att se om det finns likheter och skillnader mellan Oslobodjenjes, DN:s och New York Times rapportering om massakern som inträffade den 5 februari 1994 på Markalemarknaden i centrala Sarajevo. Syftet är också att se hur journalister från de tre tidningarna förhåller sig till händelsen och de inblandade aktörerna. Avsikten är dessutom att upptäcka om vilken typ av journalistik det handlar om i rapporteringen om den utvalda krigssituationen, samt att se av vilka metoder som tidningarna använder sig av för att uppnå och förmedla ett visst budskap om situationen till sina läsare.</p><p>Metod: kritisk diskursanalys</p><p>Material:</p><p>Oslobodjenje (11-18 februari 1994), Sarajevo/Ljubljana. Europeisk utgåva. Nr. 48</p><p>Dagens Nyheter (6-7 februari 1994)</p><p>New York Times (6-7 februari 1994)</p><p>Huvudresultat:</p><p>Det har visats existera både likheter och skillnader mellan de utvalda tidningarnas rapportering om Markalemassakern. Tidningarna har på ett likadant sätt definierat massakern, samt offer. Dock finns det skillnader mellan tidningarnas förhållningssätt till de inblandade parterna i konflikten, samt till de internationella aktörerna. När det handlar om typen av journalistiken i rapporteringen om Markalemassakern, har det visats existera sida vid sida olika typer av journalistiken. Resultaten har också visat att tidningarna, i produceringen av en bestämd kunskap om situationen, använt sig av nästan likadana metoder. Dessa metoder har även lett till insikten om att tidningarna strävat efter att visa och bevisa existensen av den ”objektiva” nyhetsförmedlingen. Dock har enbart New York Times lyckats bekräfta sin profil som ”oberoende” och ”objektiv” förmedlare av situationen på Markalemarknaden. Hos andra två tidningar har det varit svårt att bekräfta en sådan status, då Oslobodjenjes rapportering visade följa en bosnisk politisk linje, medan det hos Dagens Nyheter uppenbarades ett NATO-perspektiv.</p>

<p>In a Swedish setting an audience orientation is applied to investigate public service TV in the ongoing development of terrestrial digital television. Focus is on institutionalized politics and public service TV companies Sveriges Television (Swedish Television) and Utbildningsradion (Education Radio). In a case study through a multitude of material, emphasizing policy documents and interviews but also including media coverage, it is explored how and why the audience is involved in public service digital TV development. Is it an operation in the public interest, and what does this mean for public service as a media policy principle? The empirical result indicates a complex and problematic audience, which is not constantly prioritized but always present. The audience legacy is threatened in public service TV by a consumer orientation. Concluding implications are on the one hand that feedback from the audience can not only be based in ratings and market analysis. On the other hand there is a need for an attitude towards public service legitimacy as utopian realism.</p>

<p>Abstract</p><p>Purpose: The purpose is to try to map todays research in the subject field, structure the problems dealt with and compile the empirical results obtained. In expectation of creating new moods of thought, approaches and ideas.</p><p>Method: Secondary analyses on relevante literature</p><p>Main results: The usage of Internet will continue to increase, new habits will develop, the Internet will develop more and more to a hobby, the usage of Internet functions will increase.</p><p>Keywords: Youth, Internet usage, Social changes, Everyday life, New styles of communications, New habits and experiences.</p>

Syfte: Syftet är att se om det finns likheter och skillnader mellan Oslobodjenjes, DN:s och New York Times rapportering om massakern som inträffade den 5 februari 1994 på Markalemarknaden i centrala Sarajevo. Syftet är också att se hur journalister från de tre tidningarna förhåller sig till händelsen och de inblandade aktörerna. Avsikten är dessutom att upptäcka om vilken typ av journalistik det handlar om i rapporteringen om den utvalda krigssituationen, samt att se av vilka metoder som tidningarna använder sig av för att uppnå och förmedla ett visst budskap om situationen till sina läsare. Metod: kritisk diskursanalys Material: Oslobodjenje (11-18 februari 1994), Sarajevo/Ljubljana. Europeisk utgåva. Nr. 48 Dagens Nyheter (6-7 februari 1994) New York Times (6-7 februari 1994) Huvudresultat: Det har visats existera både likheter och skillnader mellan de utvalda tidningarnas rapportering om Markalemassakern. Tidningarna har på ett likadant sätt definierat massakern, samt offer. Dock finns det skillnader mellan tidningarnas förhållningssätt till de inblandade parterna i konflikten, samt till de internationella aktörerna. När det handlar om typen av journalistiken i rapporteringen om Markalemassakern, har det visats existera sida vid sida olika typer av journalistiken. Resultaten har också visat att tidningarna, i produceringen av en bestämd kunskap om situationen, använt sig av nästan likadana metoder. Dessa metoder har även lett till insikten om att tidningarna strävat efter att visa och bevisa existensen av den ”objektiva” nyhetsförmedlingen. Dock har enbart New York Times lyckats bekräfta sin profil som ”oberoende” och ”objektiv” förmedlare av situationen på Markalemarknaden. Hos andra två tidningar har det varit svårt att bekräfta en sådan status, då Oslobodjenjes rapportering visade följa en bosnisk politisk linje, medan det hos Dagens Nyheter uppenbarades ett NATO-perspektiv.

Abstract Purpose: The purpose is to try to map todays research in the subject field, structure the problems dealt with and compile the empirical results obtained. In expectation of creating new moods of thought, approaches and ideas. Method: Secondary analyses on relevante literature Main results: The usage of Internet will continue to increase, new habits will develop, the Internet will develop more and more to a hobby, the usage of Internet functions will increase. Keywords: Youth, Internet usage, Social changes, Everyday life, New styles of communications, New habits and experiences.

In a Swedish setting an audience orientation is applied to investigate public service TV in the ongoing development of terrestrial digital television. Focus is on institutionalized politics and public service TV companies Sveriges Television (Swedish Television) and Utbildningsradion (Education Radio). In a case study through a multitude of material, emphasizing policy documents and interviews but also including media coverage, it is explored how and why the audience is involved in public service digital TV development. Is it an operation in the public interest, and what does this mean for public service as a media policy principle? The empirical result indicates a complex and problematic audience, which is not constantly prioritized but always present. The audience legacy is threatened in public service TV by a consumer orientation. Concluding implications are on the one hand that feedback from the audience can not only be based in ratings and market analysis. On the other hand there is a need for an attitude towards public service legitimacy as utopian realism.

The purpose of this study is to discover and explain the influences of media coverage of organizational crises on crisis communication, and vice versa. The study also shows how mediated crises develop, and how media framing and news sources affect this development. Carried out as a case study of three Swedish mediated crises, the methods used are quantitative and qualitative content analysis of media content from four Swedish newspapers and four organizations' press releases from the studied crises. Mediated crises develop through their specific pattern regardless of, but not independent from, the organizations' crisis communication. The crisis communication is used as an elite source in media reporting from the crises, but it can not control the mediated crises. However, it influences framing, and the possibilities to influence media reporting are better in the pre-crisis phase and the culmination.

The aim of this thesis was to examine what stories the Swedish periodical Fokus write about in their main reportage, "Veckans reportage", and how they express their stories. Through the survey we wanted to examine which topics, areas and actors that occurred in the texts during the year of 2008. We studied Fokus in two parts. In the first part we read every "Veckans reportage" published in 2008, which is 43 reportages, and categorized them into groups based on topics, areas and actors. The result helped us to pick two representative texts to analyse further. The method we used in the second part of the survey was discourse analysis, with focus on actors, metaphors and representations. The results of the first part showed that Fokus has a major Swedish perspective, either by topics about Swedish issues or by international topics and what influence they might have on Sweden. The most common topics during the year of 2008 were about politics and about social and welfare issues. The main actors in the texts were politicians and common people. The results showed that most of them were men. The results of the second part showed that they write about the topics in a typical way for reportage, with detailed descriptions of places, surroundings and people. We also saw that the discourses that appeared in the two reportages corresponded to the given topics in the texts.

The main purpose of this BA-thesis was to do a qualitative study of the Ecuadorian journalists' personal experiences of their work conditions in relation to freedom of the press. The aim has been to analyze their personal opinions regarding censorship, the media climate and if they feel there is press freedom for journalists in Ecuador. The material has been analyzed and then complemented by theories and earlier research. Among other theories we have been using Denis McQuail's freedom principle and view of structural influences together with Graeme Burton's view of censorship. Together with earlier research about censorship and the status of freedom of the press in Ecuador we were able to put the interviewees' answers in relation to both theories and research. Our analysis showed that the interviewed journalists felt there were many obstacles when it came to the freedom of the press. One obstacle was the strain on the relationship between the government and the press which affected the media climate in a negative way. The majority of the interviewees stated that there was no complete freedom of the press in Ecuador while the ones who opposed to this still felt there were difficulties. Some even questioned whether freedom of the press was possible anywhere in the world, which also shows the complexity of the subject.

The aim of this thesis was to examine how newspaper journalism represented the celebrity Anna Anka. Which roles and qualities did the media ascribe Anna Anka and in what way did the media frame her as a woman. We examined texts and photographs from two Swedish newspapers, Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter, 16 texts were analysed. The method we used were discourse analysis with focus on relations, identities and representation. The result showed that Anna Anka was represented in an essentially equal way in both newspapers. The image of Anna Anka seems to be multifaceted. In the texts Anna Anka becomes a symbol for conflicts that emerge in discourses regarding gender, celebrity and Swedish values. As a woman she is both portrayed as controversial and appearance-fixated. As a wife she is traditional, a woman who takes care of house and family and lets her husband be the provider. On the other hand she is described as a woman who does not follow the traditional norm, she is independent and has a possibility to support herself. As a celebrity, Anna Anka is framed as fairly new in the public appearance. But in some texts the newspapers define her as a woman who does not deserve to be the celebrity she is. Anna Anka is well aware of how the celebrity culture works, what the media finds interesting. As a Swede Anna Anka is framed as a person who no longer quite belongs in Sweden, and therefore is allowed to criticize Sweden and the Swedish values.