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This research focused on how school principals in the Limpopo Province apply induction to the newly appointed teachers. The school principals, SMTs and senior teachers are responsible for inducting and mentoring newly appointed teachers with the purpose of developing them professionally and to help them adjust to the school environment. Principals play a major role in seeing to it that newly appointed educators do not feel overwhelmed by the complexity of the teaching profession and the practice of teaching learners. The study aims at exploring the educator experiences of the induction process as well as to explore the process followed by principals in inducting educators. The research methodology used in this study is a qualitative case study which is explorative and descriptive by nature. Data was collected through one-on-one interviews, which involved principals and newly appointed teachers. The collected data was analysed and categorised into specific themes. The findings from data revealed numerous challenges that principals and newly appointed teachers experience during the induction process. Findings revealed that the induction process was not adequate and that the time allocated for induction was very little. There were neither standardised and continuous induction programmes nor educational support mechanisms to support newly appointed educators. Recommendations were that schools should be provided with the opportunity to review the induction process in line with the systemic changes in education in order to develop educators professionally. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

This dissertation is one added piece to the puzzle in how environmental factors can contribute to a positive affect to and development within a sport by looking at how environmental models can be used in an amateur format for the first time. The purpose of this thesis to adapt both the ATDE and ESF working models to an amateur environment in soccer, and if necessary, perform an intervention which might improve the positive effect the environment could have on its athletes.  Results showed many of the features and factors found within elite ATDEs could be replicated at an amateur soccer club. Moreover, an intervention based upon previous ecological studies involved connecting the academy and senior-level players through multiple channels. Results showed positive experiences from both sides of the intervention, as youth players began to understand how they could still play at the adult level - balancing an education or job with their sport. In summary, the results demonstrate three key concepts: 1) both ATDE and ESF models can be adapted an applied by practitioners and researchers to the amateur environment, 2) a successful  ecological interventional can be as simple as providing the room and space for interaction between senior and junior-level athletes, and 3) future research into ATDEs and ESF of amateur environments could help many young female athletes stay active into their adult years.:Statement of Authentication 3 Dissertation-Related Publications and Presentations 4 Table of Contents 5 English summary of the dissertation 7 Deutsche Zusammenfassung der Dissertation 8 Chapter 1: Introduction 10 1.1 The role of amateur sport 10 1.2 Soccer as a world sport 11 Chapter 2: Talent Detection, Identification, and Development 14 2.1 Traditional model of talent development 15 2.2 Talent detection and Identification 17 2.3 Criticisms of talent identification 20 2.4 Talent development models 23 2.5 Summary of talent identification and developmental models 27 Chapter 3: Ecological Approach and Models of Development 28 3.1 Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecologocal Model 29 3.1 A call for the ecological approach 31 3.2 Henriksen’s ecological studies 32 3.3. Ecological intervention and a successful ATDE in soccer 47 3.4. Other ATDE Studies 52 3.5 Summary and future directions 53 Chapter 4: Purpose of Dissertation 55 4.1 Dissertation objectives 55 Chapter 5: Study I - A description of the ATDE and ESF 57 5.1 General methodology 57 5.2 Study I - Selection of the club and participants 59 5.3 Study I - Research methods and instruments 60 5.4 Study I - Procedure 63 5.5 Study I - Results 66 5.6 Study I - Description of the environment 68 5.7 Study I - Factors influencing the success of the environment 76 5.8 Study I - Discussion 82 Chapter 6: Study II - An ecological intervention 102 6.1 Introduction 102 6.2 Study II - Description of the Intervention 102 6.3 Study II - Research methods and instruments 104 6.4 Study II - Analysis and interpretation 105 6.5 Study II - Results 105 6.6 Study II - Discussion 108 Chapter 7: Reflections and applications for practitioners 115 Literature Cited 124 Appendices 137 Appendix 1: Interview guidelines for players, staff, and coaches in study I 137 Appendix 2: Interview guidelines for parents in study I 138 Appendix 3: Interview guidelines for Players and coaches in study II 139 Appendix 4: Node trees developed from analysis of interviews and observations 140

Background Mentorship is used to ease entry to practice for new nursing graduates. However, little is known about the process of pairing with experienced nurses. The aim of this dissertation is to explore mentorship pairing processes for new nursing graduates and experienced nurses. Methods 1. A quality improvement project was conducted using organizational data to describe the impact of the New Graduate Guarantee program at The Ottawa Hospital from 2013 to 2018 on new graduate nurses and organizational outcomes. 2. An interpretive descriptive study was conducted to develop an in-depth understanding of mentorship pairing practices specific to nursing occurring in a clinical setting that will ultimately inform future mentorship pairing practices. 3. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effect of mentorship pairing processes on the mentoring relationship and outcomes at the level of the new nursing graduate, mentor and organization. Findings 1. From 2013 to 2017, 66 nurses were hired directly into operational vacancies and 579 new graduate nurses were paired with a mentor in the New Graduate Guarantee program. The two-year turnover rate for new graduates who participated in the New Graduate Guarantee program (21.5%, N=92/427) was lower than new graduate turnover rates reported in the literature. 2. Interviews with 13 new graduate nurses and 12 mentors revealed a lack of awareness of current nursing mentorship pairing processes. Six nurse leaders described pairing processes using third party pairing. Participants suggested preparation, socialization and self-selection are key components to consider for future practice. 3. Of 2583 citations screened, no studies evaluated the nursing mentorship pairing process. Research is required to determine effective mentorship pairing processes in nursing. Conclusion Although 579 nurses were hired through the New Graduate Guarantee nursing mentorship program, the 13 new graduates and 12 mentors interviewed were unaware of the process used for pairing. Furthermore, no studies have evaluated mentorship pairing processes. Ninety percent of new graduates hired participated in the New Graduate Guarantee program. Future research is required to trial pairing processes proposed by nurse leaders, new graduates and experienced nurses and to develop and validate tools to evaluate the outcomes of these pairings.

Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych) / This study focuses and draws on the fields of dance, psychology and the self-concept. Dance is seen as a powerful tool for expression of self. The Self-Concept is one of the most researched constructs in psychology. Previous research has focused on one element of the self-concept, such as self-esteem; this research considered the self-concept holistically, comprising of: self-image, self-esteem and ideal self. The theoretical framework of this research was the Self-Concept, and dance was employed as an intervention or method of researching the self-concept. The overall aim of this research was to explore the self-concept of a group of peer mentors prior to and after participating in a structured dance programme at a South African University. This research used a mixed-method approach with the primary method being qualitative. The quantitative research design was a quasi-experimental, one-group pre-test post-test design, using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The qualitative research design was ethnography. A seven session structured dance programme was conducted consisting of various aspects of dance. Non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used. Data was collected in four phases; quantitative pre-test data collection using the RSES scale; qualitative intervention data collection via observations (field notes and audio-visual recordings); quantitative post-test data collection using the RSES scale; and qualitative in-depth interviews. Informed consent was received through informed consent forms and information sessions prior to the dance programme. There were two steps of data analysis. First was to analyse the quantitative data from the RSES on IBM’s Statistical Software Package for Social Sciences, version 25 (SPSS v.25) and Microsoft Excel tools. Second was to analyse the data from the observations and interviews using thematic analysis.

Problem Statement Residency programs that emphasize clinical reasoning and manual therapy can provide a means to optimize the outcomes of physical therapy without the need for or access to expensive equipment. The residency format of continuing education could allow physical therapists in developing countries access to specialty training and ongoing mentorship. However, there are limited studies that investigate the influence of residency training on the progression of clinical reasoning, professional development, and career advancement. Purpose The purpose of this study was threefold. The first objective was to describe the outcome of a post-graduate orthopaedic manual therapy residency program on development of knowledge and clinical reasoning skills by physical therapists in Nairobi, Kenya. The second objective was to explore the influence of the residency program on the participants’ professional development and career advancement. The last objective was to explore the residency experience from participants’ perspectives. Methodology This mixed methods study utilized a sample of convenience that included residents in the third (n=14) and fourth (n=13) cohorts of the orthopaedic manual therapy residency program in Kenya. Data collection included an assessment of clinical reasoning through a live patient examination, a survey on professional and career development, and qualitative interviews. Results There was a significant improvement in clinical reasoning development as measured by an assessment of a live patient examination (p Discussion The residency program in Nairobi, Kenya may serve as a framework for the formation of post-graduate education programs in other developing countries. The development of residency programs that can influence the ability of physical therapists to provide treatment efficiently and effectively may ultimately assist in serving community physical therapy needs.

Den här studien handlar om att undersöka hur förskollärare uppfattade den första tiden som anställd förskollärare. Mer specifikt undersöks hur förskollärare beskriver den första verksamma tiden samt vilka utmaningar de stött på under den första tiden. Studien undersöker även vilka förutsättningar förskollärare anser vara nödvändiga för att hantera första tidens arbetsrelaterade utmaningar och dess orsaker. Studien utgörs av sju kvalitativa intervjuer med förskollärare som varit verksamma i 1-4 år efter examen. Resultatet har analyserats med hjälp av praktikarkitekturens teori och fokuserar på de faktorer som kan påverka den första tiden som verksam, såsom mentorsprogram, stöd från kollegor och rektor samt det kollegiala lärandet. Utifrån den tidigare forskningen som gjorts på området visar den att första tiden som verksam präglades av stress, höga krav och utmaningar. Resultatet i vår studie uppmärksammar vikten av stöd i olika former för att hantera första tidens utmaningar. Den typ av stöd som förskollärare ansåg vara viktigt under den första tiden var stöd i form av mentorskap, stöd från kollegor och rektor samt nätverksträffar med andra förskollärare. Faktorer som kan komma att påverka den första tiden i arbetslivet är bland annat bristande kunskaper från utbildningen, brister i det kollegiala lärandet samt resursbrist i form av vikarier. Viktiga slutsatser av studien är att förskollärarna upplevde den första tiden som tuff. Det stöd som förskollärarna fick, gjorde det möjligt för dem att utföra sitt arbete på bästa sätt. / The aim of this study has been to investigate how preschool teachers experienced their first time within the profession. We have chosen to look into how preschool teachers describe the first time as newly graduated teachers and what challenges they have faced. Finally, we have investigated which conditions the preschool teachers consider necessary to handle the challenges. The study consists of seven qualitative interviews with preschool teachers who have been working for 1-5 years after their graduation. The result has been analyzed with the help of the theory of practical architecture and we have reached some factors that can affect the first time in the profession. The factors were mentorship, support from colleagues and principle and the collegial learning. Based on the previous research that has been made on the area, it shows that the first time in the profession was embossed by stress, high demands and challenges. The result in the study paid attention to the importance of support in different forms to handle challenges during the initial time in the profession. The support that emerged from our result and the things that newly graduated preschool teacher’s considered important was mentorship, support from colleagues and principal and also network meetings with other preschool teachers. Factors that may affect the first time within the profession may for instance be lack of knowledge from their education, deficiency in collegial learning and lack of resources in the form of substitute personnel. The important conclusion of the study is that the preschool teacher’s experienced the first time as tough. The support that the preschool teacher’s received, made it possible to conduct their work in the best way possible.

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