O objetivo deste trabalho foi de compreender a distribuição espaço-temporal das chuvas no Estado de Goiás e o Distrito Federal, e suas principais características quali-quantitativas no período de 1975 a 2015. A metodologia baseou-se no levantamento do referencial teórico-metodológico; obtenção dos dados; espacialização dos postos e de séries temporais consistentes; tratamento estatístico, análise da distribuição mensal da precipitação, dos eventos de extremos climáticos e a identificação de \"anos-padrão\". Elaborou-se a climatologia das frentes frias e a representação cartográfica da distribuição das chuvas anuais e sazonais na área de estudo. Os resultados observados apontam para uma variabilidade e irregularidade da distribuição das chuvas entre a região norte de Goiás e valores ligeiramente mais reduzidos no sentido sudoeste do Estado de Goiás. Os mecanismos de precipitação são impostos pela atuação dos sistemas atmosféricos intertropicais. Ressalta-se ainda interação do Planalto Central Brasileiro na participação das chuvas locais ocasionadas pelos efeitos termodinâmicos de superfície e dos aglomerados convectivos locais provocados pela Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul. Destacamse a importância na atualização do conhecimento climático do Estado de Goiás e Distrito Federal e as possibilidades que se ampliam para um futuro próximo. / The objective of this work was to understand the spatial-temporal distribution of rainfall in the State of Goiás and the Federal District, and its main qualitative and quantitative characteristics from 1975 to 2015. The methodology was based on the survey of the theoretical-methodological reference; obtainment the data; spatialization of stations and consistent time series; statistical treatment, analysis of the monthly distribution of precipitation, climatic extreme events and the identification of \"standard years\". The climatology of the cold fronts and the cartographic representation of the annual and seasonal rainfall distribution in the study area were elaborated. The observed results point to a variability and irregularity of the rainfall distribution between the northern region of Goiás and slightly lower values in the southwest direction. Precipitation mechanisms are imposed by the performance of the atmospheric systems equatorials and intertropicals. It is also worth mentioning the interaction of the Brazilian Central Plateau in the participation of the local rains caused by the thermodynamic effects of the surface and of the local convective agglomerates caused by the Convergence Zone of the South Atlantic. The importance of updating the climatic knowledge of the State of Goiás and District and the possibilities that amplify for the near future.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:39:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NURIA ALONSO LOPEZ CID.pdf: 1461437 bytes, checksum: 7aabd2e9fb0164bdf7480906eadb35b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-14 / The advances in Anesthesiology took place at the same time as the development of drugs that ensured greater control over pain, patient comfort, and safety during surgical anesthetic procedures. Pharmacogenetics is the science that enables enhanced healthcare, by understanding the genetic variations that may affect the different responses to treatments. CYP3A are the most important enzymes involved in the metabolism of drugs prescribed in clinical practice, showing extensive genetic variability in their expression. CYP3A5 presents the highest number of functional variants, with significant differences in the frequencies observed among different population groups around the world and in Brazil. This study aimed and at assessing the frequency of CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A5*6 genotypic and allelic variants and to estimate the metabolizing profile according to these variants, as well as any potential implications on adverse events with drugs used in anesthesia. The sample used for this study included 166 subjects users of the Laboratório da Área de Saúde da PUCGoiás (PUC Healthcare Laboratory city of Goiás). They were all born in the Brazilian Midwest, over 18 years of age, and from both genders. The blood samples were obtained from each individual and genotyped for CYP3A5*3, A>G (rs 776746) and CYP3A5*6, G>A (rs 10264272) by real time Polymerase Chain Reaction using TaqMan assays. Data analysis of the allelic frequency was conducted by calculating the percentage for the established groups, according to color or race, compared to the total sample. In individuals from the Brazilian Midwest, assessed in this study, the frequency of the allelic variant CYP3A5*3 was 40% and 2% for CYP3A5*6. The frequency observed for the CYP3A5*3 allelic variant in subjects from the Midwest was lower than that from other Brazilian studies and also lower than the frequencies observed in Europeans and Asians, however, they were similar to the frequency seen in populations from East and West Africa. The frequency of the CYP3A5*6 allelic variant, in this study, was higher than that found in European studies and similar of the subjects in the North of Africa. Based on the results, one may infer that 72% would be poor metabolizers. The higher frequency of the poor metabolizer profile shows that there is potential for a greater occurrence of adverse events when using drugs metabolized by CYP3A5 in this population from the Brazilian Midwest. / O progresso da Anestesiologia junto com o desenvolvimento de drogas garantiram maior controle da dor, conforto ao paciente e segurança durante o ato anestésicocirúrgico. A Farmacogenética é uma ciência que permite a melhora da assistência à saúde, por meio do conhecimento das variações genéticas que podem estar envolvidas com as diferenças na resposta terapêutica. As CYP3A são as enzimas mais importantes envolvidas com o metabolismo de drogas prescritas na prática clínica, apresentando grande variabilidade genética na sua expressão. A CYP3A5 é a forma que apresenta mais variantes funcionais e com diferenças expressivas nas frequências observadas em diferentes grupos populacionais do mundo. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a frequência das variantes genotípicas e alélicas do CYP3A5*3 e CYP3A5*6 e inferir sobre o perfil metabolizador dos indivíduos em função destas variantes em relação a drogas usadas em anestesia. O grupo avaliado incluiu 166 indivíduos usuários do Laboratório da Área de Saúde da PUCGoiás, nascidos na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil, maiores de 18 anos e de ambos os sexos. As amostras de sangue foram obtidas de cada indivíduo e genotipados para CYP3A5*3, A>G (rs 776746) and CYP3A5*6, G>A (rs 10264272) por Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase usando sondas TaqMan. A análise dos dados das frequências alélicas foi realizada através do cálculo das porcentagens para os grupos estabelecidos, segundo a cor ou raça, em relação a amostra total. Nos indivíduos da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil avaliados neste estudo, a frequência da variante alélica CYP3A5*3 foi de 40% e da CYP3A5*6 foi de 2%. A frequência observada para a variante alélica CYP3A5*3 em indivíduos da região Centro-Oeste foi menor que a de outros estudos brasileiros e também menor que as frequências verificadas em europeus e asiáticos, porém similar à observada na população do leste e oeste da África. A frequência da variante alélica CYP3A5*6, neste estudo, foi maior que a encontrada em estudos europeus e com valores mais próximos daqueles observados no norte da África. Com base nos resultados obtidos da amostra pode-se inferir que 72% dos indivíduos seriam fracos metabolizadores. A maior frequência do perfil de fraco metabolizador mostra que existe potencial de maior ocorrência de eventos adversos no uso de fármacos metabolizados pela CYP3A5 nesta população da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil.

Submitted by ANTONIO RICARDO CALORI DE LION (antonio_calori@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-30T22:44:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EQUIPAMENTOS CINETEATRAIS_ Antonio R C de Lion.pdf: 4474235 bytes, checksum: 0e9e3c70b1f5c8a5910de045cd4e367b (MD5) / Rejected by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: A versão final da dissertação/tese deve ser submetida no formato PDF (Portable Document Format) e o arquivo não deve estar protegido. Por favor, corrija o arquivo PDF e realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo desprotegido. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-02-03T17:22:33Z (GMT) / Submitted by ANTONIO RICARDO CALORI DE LION (antonio_calori@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-03T18:10:49Z No. of bitstreams: 3 EQUIPAMENTOS CINETEATRAIS_ Antonio R C de Lion.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) EQUIPAMENTOS CINETEATRAIS_ Antonio R C de Lion.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) EQUIPAMENTOS CINETEATRAIS_ Antonio R C de Lion.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) / Rejected by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: Foram submetidos 2 arquivos PDF’s, apenas 1 arquivo deve ser submetido.  O arquivo PDF não deve estar protegido e a dissertação/tese deve estar em um único arquivo, inclusive os apêndices e anexos, se houver. Corrija estas informações e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-02-03T19:39:06Z (GMT) / Submitted by ANTONIO RICARDO CALORI DE LION (antonio_calori@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-03T21:15:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EQUIPAMENTOS CINETEATRAIS_ Antonio R C de Lion.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-02-06T16:32:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lion_arc_me_assis.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-06T16:32:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lion_arc_me_assis.pdf: 4107493 bytes, checksum: 6d0d05263e86ec5759746ecb85a0474d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar e refletir a função político-cultural que tiveram os Cine-Teatros Cuiabá e Goiânia, a partir do processo de intervenções urbanas. No início dos anos de 40 as Interventorias em Mato Grosso e Goiás construíram os cineteatros nas capitais centro-oestinas, edifícios incluídos nos projetos de modernização das cidades; no caso de Goiânia, o cineteatro fazia parte das obras institucionais para construção da nova capital. Partindo do conceito de invenção de tradições proposto por Eric Hobsbawm almeja-se analisar o processo ocorrido nos estados mencionados enquanto parte fundamental para a política estado-novista de Getúlio Vargas, em que se observa a cultura como elemento intrínseco para o projeto de modernização cuiabano e goianiense. Neste contexto, a Marcha para o Oeste fora um projeto importante por compor o ideal de colonização de não-índios enquanto parte fundamental da ideia de progresso construída - sobretudo pela propaganda - sobre os dois Estados. As intervenções urbanas em Cuiabá iniciadas no final dos anos 30 e continuadas até 1945 colocam em questão os modernos projetos urbanísticos e arquitetônicos para uma cidade de origem colonial. Em Goiânia, as intervenções emergiram inteiramente por concepções modernas. As principais fontes de pesquisa foram os periódicos; peças teatrais levadas aos palcos dos espaços em questão e também a própria materialidade dos edifícios. Pretende-se com este trabalho contribuir para se (re)pensar o período estado-novista no Centro-Oeste, trazendo para o debate os espaços destinados à cultura em uma proposta de leitura no entroncamento entre história, arquitetura e teatro. / This work aims to analyze and reflect the political and cultural function possessed by the Cine-Teatro Cuiabá and Goiânia, starting from the urban intervention process. In the early 1940’s the state government of Mato Grosso and Goiás built the movies theaters in their capitals, buildings included in the projects of the cities modernization; in Goiânia’s case, the movie theater was part of the institutional works for the new capital construction. Based on the concept of invention of tradition proposed by Eric Hobsbawm, aims to analyze the process occurred in the mentioned states as a key part for Getúlio Vargas’ policy of New State, where culture poses as an intrinsic element for the modernization project of Cuiabá and Goiânia. In this context, the March to the West was an important project in order to compose the ideal of non-Indian settlement as a fundamental part of the constructed idea of progress - mainly by advertising - on the two states. Urban interventions in Cuiabá began in the late 1930’s and continued until 1945 questioning the modern urban and architectural designs for a city of colonial origin. In Goiania, interventions emerged entirely by modern conceptions. The main sources of research were periodicals; plays brought up to stage on the spaces in question and also the very materiality of buildings. The objective of this work is to give a contribution to (re)think the New State period in the Brazilian Midwest, bringing up to debate the very spaces for culture in a propose of reading among the crossroads of history, architecture and theater. / FAPESP: 2014/16749-3

<p>The 1930s to 1940s saw an upsurge in nationalism and the quest to define American identity. The federal government sponsored and sanctioned a specific nationalist narrative within the programs of the Works Progress Administration, later renamed Works Projects Administration. Very little attention has been paid to the Federal Music Project (FMP) yet this program was an integral part of constructing American identity both nationally and regionally. In conjunction with popular music, and at times in opposition to it, the FMP formed the “soundtrack” of American life. </p> <p>Although the messages were not as overt as those in other programs, such as the Federal Writers’ Project or Federal Theatre Project, the Federal Music Project played a large part in disseminating American ideals and identity, primarily through classical music, and to a lesser extent, popular, folk, and indigenous forms of music. The Federal Music Project strove to uncover, and at times create, America’s “genuine” musical heritage. The ideals of the New Deal took root in the musical expression of the FMP and impacted the development of American identity both musically and socially. It was not merely a relief program for those on its rolls; it was intended as an education program for the nation. Amid the push and pull of politics, war, and class conflict, American musicians forged and defined a unique style of music that was accepted by the American public.</p> The dissertation focuses on the FMP activities in the Midwest, or Region IV. Focusing on the Midwest as a region demonstrates how the FMP was interpreted and practiced and allows for a conversation with other the reginal studies of the FMP. Three case studies of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan provide a more detailed analysis of the activities and contributions of each state, and thus the region, offering depth over breadth. Each of these states had dedicated and active symphonies, teaching projects, community outreach, radio broadcasting, and music therapy projects.

In spite of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program guidelines outlining how to diagnose, treat, and educate asthmatics, asthma morbidity and mortality rates are still mounting. Furthermore, the minority population has disproportionately higher rates of unfavorable outcomes from asthma, thereby diminishing their quality of life. The study's theoretical framework was based on the health belief model and explored associations of asthma control with self-efficacy and asthma education. Few studies focus on asthma inequity. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess relationships between asthma control, race, asthma education, and healthcare utilization amongst asthmatic children residing in the Midwest. Secondary data from the Centers for Disease Control's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's Asthma Call-back Survey were used (n=477,221). Participant characteristics were examined using descriptive statistics. A sequence of bivariate and logistic regression analysis was used to test each hypothesis. The findings revealed significant associations amongst asthma control, race, asthma education, and healthcare utilization. In addition, children with uncontrolled asthma have greater visits to the emergency department and to their pediatrician's office due to their asthma symptoms. Moreover, the study results indicated that African American children experienced uncontrolled asthma at a higher rate when compared to other children, consequently decreasing their quality of life. The study showed the need for policy change to expand funding and programs aimed at decreasing uncontrolled asthma by improving asthma education, especially in African American communities, in hope of empowering asthmatics to play a vital role in their health and increasing their quality of life.

Artists have the potential to achieve higher levels of success in business management, leadership roles, and entrepreneurial endeavors if equipped with the proper knowledge. Although artists may have a creative perspective and could possess many of the attributes sought after by organizations and communities in need of innovative leaders, their approaches to entrepreneurial management differ from traditional business managers or community leaders. The problem was poor understanding of how artists in Midwestern regions of the United States respond to the demands of entrepreneurial management. The purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to understand how 20 individuals who self-identified as artists and living or working in a specific county located in the Midwestern United States responded to entrepreneurial management demands. The key research question involved how these self-identified artists perceived and dealt with the demands of entrepreneurship through the lens of aesthetic leadership. Data from interviews, field notes, and observations were coded and categorized using NVivo to assist in identifying patterns and themes. Findings indicated that the self-identified artists indicated a need for entrepreneurial support, educational systems, and business development support from state and local community service programs that recognize and support their creative entrepreneurial endeavors. Understanding the intrinsic motivations that influence artists can help educators and contribute to business development that incorporates their unique circumstances. Art is transformational on many levels and benefits individuals, communities, organizations, and societies by promoting a more humanistic vision of the world.

A pause on the bridge, a river-powered love song to liminal space, a memory that rolls forward as its surface is blown backward by the wind.

During the 1930s a large number of cultural artifacts presented rural Iowa to national audiences as an ideal place where the "real" America still flourished despite the harsh realities of the Great Depression. Artist Grant Wood's lush landscapes, novelist Phil Stong's trustworthy farmers, and cartoonist "Ding" Darling's pragmatic Iowans, are among the creations that comforted Americans from 1930-1936. These texts gained attention from audiences not only because they invoked peaceful pastoral imagery, but also because they frequently presented a monolithic patriarchal society without ethnic and racial diversity or social class distinctions. This presentation of Caucasian normativity was a tonic for many Americans who felt unnerved by the floundering economy and still recognized the deep divisions of the previous decade, which had resulted in race riots, immigration restrictions, and labor unrest. These splits were still present in the 1930s, even though that decade has come to be remembered primarily for the economic crisis and dust storms which spawned famous representations of Dust Bowl migrants. Those conditions were real, but the cultural importance of productive, honest (white) Iowa farmers during the first half of the Depression has, by comparison, been largely forgotten. In four chapters which respectively analyze journalism, art and literature, films, and political speeches from the period, I seek to rectify this historical oversight and offer a glimpse into how Americans, when faced with an ongoing crisis, may be encouraged to embrace a "simpler" way of life belonging to an imagined past.

Approximately 92% of the land in Iowa, 64% in Indiana, and 27% in Michigan is agricultural farmland. Nearly 77% of farmland in Iowa and Indiana, and 58% of farmland in Michigan, were treated with herbicides in 2012 (USDA). Pesticide drift, or “overspray”, is defined as any off-site movement of pesticide during its application. Exposure to this drift has the potential to damage crops and landscaping, kill aquatic animals, and cause DNA damage, cancer, and allergic wheeze in applicators. The Pesticide Bureau of the Iowa Department of Agricultural and Land Stewardship (IDALS), the Indiana State Chemist (ISC), and the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) investigate complaints of pesticide misuse, including reports of pesticide drift. Individual narrative reports and case summaries are available, but have not been analyzed to identify contributing factors to prevent field, worker, and community exposures; nor has the community at large been surveyed about reporting practices. The aim of this research was to (1) identify determinants of pesticide drift events in the Midwest, comparing between states; (2) whether differing state policies were associated with drift characteristics and/or reporting of incidents; and (3) determine the proportion of events that occurred due to applicators ignoring pesticide label guidance. This examination will provide guidance when developing policies and prevention efforts used to minimize the hazards associated with pesticide drift. Narrative case reports from IDALS and MDARD, and case summaries from ISC spanning 2010-2016 were analyzed. Narratives and case summaries were converted to trackable data for ease of analysis using Excel. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics on continuous variables (e.g., distance, wind speed), chi-square tests, and t-tests. Analysis includes: crop damage associations with wind speed by chemical; ratio of human exposures across aerial applications, and associations of distance to target crop and reported plant damage. Key state policies were compared and the responses from a survey concerning the reporting of drift incidents was analyzed. The proportion of cases that violated weather and distance recommendations/label directions for the five most common pesticides in each were analyzed. Between 2010 and 2015, Iowa received 471 reported drift cases; between 2011 and 2016 Indiana received 391, and between 2014 and 2016 Michigan received 91 reports. The five most common pesticides analyzed for during drift investigations varied between states, but 2,4-D, glyphosate, and atrazine were common to all states. The method of application, (i.e., aerial or ground), wind speed, and the intended target crop were significantly associated with drift events across all three states. While Iowa was the only state to contain regulatory language concerning drift to bees or livestock, all states still reported 4 to 5% of cases in which pesticides drifted onto animals. Michigan was the only state to suggest the creation and use of a drift management plan and was the only state requiring applicators to inform neighbors of drift. About 30% of confirmed drift cases involved applications within 7.62 meters of desirable vegetation, and about 40% of applications occurred in wind greater than 4.5 m/s. More education, training, and community involvement are suggested interventions to reduce drift cases.

This dissertation provides a history of Mexicana/os' participation in three modes of education: formal, non-formal, and informal, in the midwestern states of Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, and Missouri, from 1910 to 1955. Informed by Critical Race Theory and LatCrit Theory, the study addresses the social constructions of race, gender, and class as it analyzes how these ongoing and complex constructions influenced not only how dominant society structured and practiced education offered to Mexicana/os but also how Mexicana/os participated in education and made education work for them in parochial and public schools, in settlement houses, in churches and missions, and in familial and community settings.