Before the end of 1850, Scottish settlers in Western Australia represented a small minority group of what was, in terms of the European population, a predominantly English colony. By comparison to the eastern Australian colonies, Western Australia attracted the least number of Scottish migrants. This thesis aims to broaden the historiography of Scottish settlement in Australia in the nineteenth century by providing insights into the lives of Westralian Scots. While this thesis broadly documents Scottish settlement, its main focus is Scottish identity. Utilising techniques of nominal record linkage and close socio-biographical scrutiny, this study looks beyond institutional manifestations of Scottish identity to consider the ways in which Scottishness was maintained in everyday lives through work, social and religious practices. This thesis also demonstrates the multi-layered expressions of national identity by recognising Scottish identity in the Australian colonies as both Scottish and British. The duality of a Scottish and British identity made Scots more willing to identify eventually as Westralian Scots.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1947.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2009. / Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 180 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1947.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Also available online.

My dissertation examines the transformation of family and the reinvention of home from migrant women’s perspectives as represented in contemporary Chinese and Sinophone literature and film. In the era of globalization, people are increasingly mobile both within and across borders, resulting in the reshaping of family structure and re-conceptualization of home. In this dissertation I contend that migration is closely related to family dynamics and that migration also facilitates women’s agency in transforming family structure, navigating cultural differences, and negotiating with local societies and nation-states. The Chinese concept of jia 家 can be translated into English as family, home or house, and “homeness” in the context of Chinese migration is particularly associated with a geographical origin, a dwelling, a settlement, or familial intimacy. In this regard, I argue that migration is a process which reflects tradition, modernity and transnationalism, yet it can move beyond the metanarrative of homeland and nationalism that is often promoted by patriarchal cultural producers. I treat home as a locally defined notion to offer an alternate understanding of women migrants’ localization rather than focusing on the myth of return to the homeland. Women’s transgression of the boundaries of the household and their movement to other geographical locales transform their gendered role within the family, inciting their agency in opposing patriarchy and nationalism and creating space within which to negotiate the challenges of gender inequity, cultural difference, and marginalization. In contrast with the male-centered grand narrative featuring nostalgia for the homeland, I find that tales of women migrants show their protagonists eagerly adapting to their host countries and embracing local experiences. Hence, my dissertation focuses on the literary and cinematic representation of women migrants in contemporary Chinese and Sinophone literary works, documentaries and fictional films and explores four types of movement: immigration to North America, multiple transnational movements, cross-Strait migration from Taiwan to China, and new marriage-based immigration in Taiwan. Analysis of these works will improve understanding of the transnational flow of populations, the contested notion of home in migration, as well as the ways in which place-based literary and cultural productions are influenced by real-world migration. / 10000-01-01

Les migrants africains aux États-Unis sont-ils intégrés ? Sont-ils assimilés ? Les deux ? Quelle est leur place dans la société américaine, notamment par rapport aux WASPs ? Pour répondre à ces questions ce travail tente de définir les notions d’intégration et d’assimilation et se penche pour commencer sur la genèse et le contexte sociohistorique de l’immigration africaine aux États-Unis. A l’aide de la bibliographie disponible, de statistiques officielles, d’un questionnaire inédit et d’entretiens il observe les causes de l’immigration et les différentes catégories de migrants, selon leurs origines géographiques, sociales, religieuses, etc. puis selon leurs activités aux États-Unis (prenant en compte la fuite des cerveaux, le business ethnique, etc.). Les degrés et stratégies d’intégration économique, sociale, politique, culturelle sont étudiés ainsi que les degrés et stratégies d’assimilation. Pour finir les perspectives d’avenir des migrants étudiés sont examinées. / Are African migrants to the United States integrated? Are they assimilated? Both? What is their place exactly in American society, notably in regards to WASPs? To answer those questions this research work attempts to define the notions of integration and assimilation and looks at the birth and the sociohistorical context of African immigration to the U.S. With the help of the available bibliography, official statistics, an original poll and personal interviews it observes the causes of immigration and the different categories of African migrants, according to geographical, social, religious, etc. origins, then according to their activities in the U.S. (notably taking into account the “brain drain,” ethnic business…). The extent and strategies of economic, social, political then cultural integration are studied, as well as the extent and strategies of linguistic and cultural assimilation. To conclude, the perspectives of African migrants in the U.S. are examined.

The focus of this study is female migrants who moved from Zimbabwe to South Africa in the 1990s. The main purpose of the study is to explore the reasons for this move and the consequences of their migration. More specifically, the study has three objectives. The first objective is to examine the reasons why many women migrated from Zimbabwe to South Africa in the 1990s. The second objective is to establish ways in which the migration of Zimbabwean women has changed their lives. The third objective is to consider the impact that their migration has had on their families in Zimbabwe. Although rooted in the demographic tradition, this study uses qualitative methodology. A semi-structured in-depth method was used to interview twenty-one Black Zimbabwean women found in the Lindela repatriation camp and in the Limpopo province. The findings revealed that the economic and socio-political situation in Zimbabwe compelled women to use migration as a strategy to sustain their families. Some of the participants were actively engaged in the trading of knitted work, woodwork and other commodities in South Africa. Others were found in different occupations such as street vending, domestic services and other menial jobs. In their migration to South Africa, the Zimbabwean women redefined the stereotypes of women as inert, passive and dependent and showed the self-reliance, resourcefulness and assertiveness of women who opted to migrate. While education was perceived to be expensive, participants needed finances to educate their children. In addressing the conditions under which migration occurred, the findings showed that some participants moved on their own, and others moved as part of the family. Finally, participants had gained control over their economic, social and familial lives though they remained within the boundaries of their normative roles. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Sociology / Unrestricted

Why is International Relations (IR) silent on the issue of belonging? Conventional IR appears to be prevented from engaging with the concept of belonging by the inside-outside ontology on which it draws and its assumption of a foundational difference between inside and outside, which are understood to be neatly separated and mutually exclusive. Since belonging describes the relationship between individuals and the community and community is restricted to the inside sphere, it is beyond conventional IR’s remit. In its silence and relegation of belonging to the inside, however, we see the traces of what amounts to an implicit discourse of belonging. The concept of autochthony appears to offer a mirror-image reflection of conventional IR’s assumptions about belonging. Autochthony discourse also sees belonging as strictly limited to the community located on the inside of the binary, and here too the demarcation of inside from outside is considered to be foundational. As such, autochthony seems to provide a credible approximation of what IR’s implicit discourse of belonging might look like, if made explicit. The migrant represents a dislocatory figure for both of these accounts of belonging and the inside-outside ontology on which they are grounded. Where does she belong in an inside-outside configuration of the social? Moreover, as a marker of the outside but located on the inside, she contradicts the idea that the two spheres are separate and exclusive. Using British housing discourse as an example of an active discourse of autochthony, this thesis explores the puzzle of how migrants and the questions which they raise about the location of belonging are dealt with in an inside-outside discourse. The thesis generates three key findings which have relevance for conventional IR theorising. Firstly, the account of belonging which autochthony discourse produces is partial, impoverished and highly exclusionary. In this account, migrants represent the ultimate outsider. Secondly, the analysis demonstrates the impossibility of finalising the separation of inside from outside. Attempts to differentiate between the two require ongoing political interventions, which refutes the notion of foundational difference. Finally, in the absence of a foundational difference between inside and outside, IR needs to engage with the concept of belonging, since its continued silence seems to endorse an autochthonous discourse and the exclusionary politics of belonging which that entails.

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