The purpose of my thesis is to analyse new legal regulation of squeeze-out in the Business Corporations Act, the act that replaces former legal regulation of corporations contained in the repealed Commercial Code. The reason for my research is, apart from introducing the new legal concept of squeeze-out, to focus on new features of particular aspects of the squeeze-out process, explain reasons for their implementation into the Czech legislation and interpret problematic provisions of the new legal squeeze-out regulation in the light of existing Czech case-law and interpretations of Czech legal theorists. The thesis is composed of introduction, four chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of the squeeze-out process and conclusion. Chapter One is introductory and deals with constitutional establishment of squeeze-out in the Czech legislation. Chapter Two examines legal premises for realization of squeeze-out. The chapter consists of two parts. Part One focuses on the person entitled to initiate squeeze-out and on legal conditions that the person must match. Part Two deals with requirements on application for initiation of the squeeze-out process. Chapter Three is subdivided into six parts and focuses on realisation of the squeeze- out process. Part One discusses attestation of financial...

La loi française du 28 juin 2006, sur la gestion des déchets radioactifs, demande une évaluation pour définir la future stratégie industrielle. L’étude présentée ici, concerne plus spécifiquement l’axe de recherche sur la transmutation des actinides mineurs. Dans ce but, un concept d’ADS (Accelerator DrivenSystem) de haute puissance a été développé à SUBATECH. Dans ce réacteur sous-critique, un faisceau de protons de 1 GeV alimente trois cibles de spallation de plomb-bismuth. L’ADS MUST (MUltipleSpallation Target) peut ainsi atteindre une puissance thermique de plus de 1 GW avec une densité de puissance élevée. Une méthode de dimensionnement de ces réacteurs a été développée et appliquée pour différents scénarios double strate. Dans ces scénarios, des réacteurs électrogènes de type SFR (Sodium Fast Reactors) ou REP (Réacteurs à Eau Pressurisée) produisent des actinides mineurs destinés à être transmutés en ADS. Dans chaque cœur, un multi-recyclage du plutonium est réalisé et dans les réacteurs sous-critiques les éléments à transmuter le sont également. Pour limiter la réactivité du cœur et améliorer la conductivité thermique, le combustible contenant les actinides mineurs est mélangé à une matrice inerte de MgO. Des filières, avec des ADS à caloporteurs plomb et sodium, ont été étudiées pour différentes durées d’irradiation, et deux stratégies de transmutation : soit l’ensemble des actinides mineurs, soit seulement l’américium est incinéré. Le dimensionnement des ADS MUST de chaque filière et de leur combustible à l’équilibre est présenté dans cette thèse. Puis l’évolution du combustible et du coefficient de multiplication, sur un cycle, est réalisée et analysée. La radiotoxicité et la puissance thermique des déchets produits sont ensuite comparées. Enfin, l’étude de scénarios double strate est effectué afin d’analyser les inventaires d’actinides mineurs et de plutonium en cycle, ainsi que les déchets produits en fonction de la stratégie de transmutation adoptées et de l’évolution de la première strate. / The French law of 28th June 2006 regarding advanced nuclear waste management requires a scientific assessment to define future industrial strategies. The present PhD thesis was carried in this framework and concerns specifically the research axis of minoractinides transmutation. A high power Accelerator Driven System (ADS) concept is developed at SUBATECH for this purpose. A 1 GeV proton beam feeds three liquid lead-bismuth spallation targets. The MUltiple Spallation Target (MUST) ADS reaches the thermal powers up to 1 GW with a high specific power. A nuclear reactor dimensioning method has been developed and applied to different double strata scenarios. In these scenarios, SFR (Sodium FastReactors) or PWR (Pressurized Water Reactors) power reactors produce minor actinides that will be transmuted into ADS. In each core (SFR and ADS), the plutonium multi-reprocessing strategy is performed while ADS subcritical core also multi-reprocesses minor actinides. To limit the core reactivity and improve the fuel thermal conductivity, the minor actinides fuel is mixed with MgO inert matrix. Nuclear branches with lead and sodium coolants for the ADS, have been studied for different irradiation times and two transmutation strategies have been assessed : whether whole minor actinides, whether americium only is tranmuted. The thesis presents precisely the MUST ADS design methodology and the calculations to get a fuel composition at equilibrium. Then a one cycle evolution is performed and analysed for the fuel and the multiplication factor. Radiotoxicity and thermal power of the waste produced are then compared. Finally, the study of double strata scenarios is performed to analyse the plutonium and minor actinides inventories in cycle and also the waste produced according to the transmutation strategies applied and the first stratum evolution.

La thèse s’intéresse aux enjeux méthodologiques présents en situation d’enquête de terrain. Les enquêtes qualitatives réalisées dans le cadre de cette recherche visaient à explorer un trouble de santé. L’enquête portant sur le trouble du ballonnement met notamment en avant le jeu interactionnel entre enquêtée et enquêtrice, et fait apparaître les concepts de stigmate et de secret. L’analyse des interactions sociales entre ces deux acteurs invite à percevoir l’enquête comme un processus au sein duquel différentes phases se déclinent et interagissent ensemble. A partir du recrutement jusqu’à la clôture du terrain, les effets de l’enquête sont observés et analysés à travers le double regard de l’enquêtrice et de l’enquêtée. Nous qualifions cette démarche méthodologique d’ « observation interactive », puisant ses fondements au sein de la méthode d’observation participante et de la tradition de l’interactionnisme symbolique. Une réflexion est également menée sur les effets de réciprocité entre l’élaboration de stratégies d’enquête et le déroulement de l’enquête soumise à l’imprévisibilité du terrain. / This thesis concerns methodological matters existing in the situation of fieldwork. Here the qualitative survey realized in the frame of this research was to explore minor health issues. The survey conducted on bloating issue does notably shed light on the ‘interactional game’ between a female interviewee and a female interviewer revealing the key concepts of stigma and secrecy. Indeed, the analysis of social interactions between both actors incites to perceive the notion of fieldwork as a process where different phases decline and interact altogether. From the recruitment procedure to the closure of the survey, the effects of the investigation are observed and analyzed through a dual “eye”, the interviewee and interviewer. We qualify this methodological approach as “interactive observation”. This “interactive observation” feeds its very principle within the methodology relative to the ideas of participative-observation and the tradition of symbolic interactionism. A reflection is lead on the effects of reciprocity between the elaboration of the fieldwork’s strategies and the unfolding of the study submitted to the unpredictability of the fieldwork.

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) considera que os transtornos mentais menores, que incluem depressão e ansiedade, afetam aproximadamente 30% dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: Verificar a freqüência, e a taxa de prevalência de transtornos mentais entre Comissários de Bordo afastados das atividades profissionais. Métodos: Foram analisados os prontuários de 648 comissários de bordo, 105 homens e 543 mulheres, que realizaram perícia durante um período de cinco anos e receberam como parecer de afastamento pelo menos um diagnóstico do agrupamento F00-F99 da CID- 10, associado ou não a doença ou transtorno orgânico. Resultados: Comissários de Bordo ingressam cedo no mercado de trabalho (50,5 por cento dos homens e 70,5 por cento das mulheres recebem sua certificação profissional entre os 18 e os 22 anos), e também adoecem cedo (81,9 por cento dos homens até os 41 anos; 84,3 por cento das mulheres até os 35 anos), em média após 10 anos de trabalho (11,9 anos para homens, 9,4 anos para mulheres). Os diagnósticos mais freqüentes como causa de afastamento foram, pela ordem, F32 episódios depressivos (44,5 por cento homens; 35,49 por cento mulheres), e F41 outros transtornos ansiosos (20,1 por cento dos homens; 22,9 por cento das mulheres). Discussão e Conclusão: As mulheres adoecem mais ced por cento o do que os homens, e são afastadas do trabalho principalmente por episódios depressivos. Os homens são afastados principalmente devido a transtornos ansiosos. Os dados concordam com a literatura, que aponta menor número de homens diagnosticados com transtornos mentais menores. A maior freqüência desses transtornos entre Comissários de Bordo, em comparação com as demais categorias profissionais, pode se dever a fatores associados à organização do trabalho e a fatores psicossociais do trabalho, mas os dados coletados neste estudo não permitiram verificar essa hipótese. / According to the World Health Organization (WHO), minor mental disorders, which include depression and anxiety, affect about 30 per cent of workers. Objective: To verify the frequency and the prevalence index of mental disorders among Flight Attendants withdrawn from their work. Methods: The electronic files of 648 flight attendants 105 male and 543 female were analyzed. They were evaluated during a 5-year delay, and were withdrawn from work due to at least on diagnostic of group F00-F99 of IDC-10, associated or not to organic disease(s) or condition(s). Results Flight Attendants begin to work early: 50.5 per cent of males and 70.5 per cent of females get their professional certification between 18 and 22 years old, and also get sick early: 81.9 per cent of males up to 41 years old; 84.3 per cent of females up to 35 years old, and after 10 years of work, approximately: 11.9 years for males, 9.4 years for females. The most frequent diagnostics registered as cause of withdrawn from work were F32 Depressive episode (44.5 per cent of males; 35.5 per cent of females), and F41 Other anxiety disorders (20.1 per cent of males; 22.9 per cent of females). Discussion and Conclusion: Women get sick sooner than men, and are withdrawn from work mostly due to depressive episodes. Men are withdrawn from work mostly due to anxiety disorders. The data agrees with the literature, which points out a smaller number of males diagnosed with minor mental disorders. The larger frequency of these disorders among Flight Attendants, in comparison with other professional groups, might be due to factors linked to the work organization and psychosocial factors of the job, but the data collected in this study did not allow to verify this hypothesis.

O Quarteto de cordas em sol menor de Claude Debussy é uma obra marcada por importantes dicotomias. Composta em 1893, ela se encontra permeada de elementos harmônicos e formais ligados à tradição tonal e ao final do século XIX, particularmente ao compositor César Franck. Ao mesmo tempo, a peça utiliza procedimentos que são observados apenas em obras maduras do compositor, nas quais o tonalismo se encontra pouco presente, e análises que dependam exclusivamente de elementos tonais mostramse pouco eficientes para o Quarteto. Essa relação entre tradição e inovação é investigada nesta pesquisa, que traz como enfoque duas características diretamente relacionadas: a maneira como Debussy utiliza elementos repetidos nesta peça, assunto pesquisado por Sylveline Bourion, e aspectos relativos à forma cinética, elemento descrito por Richard Parks. Uma comparação entre o primeiro movimento do Quarteto e o primeiro movimento da Sonata para flauta, viola e harpa, peça do final da carreira de Debussy, é oportuna para que sejam observados elementos formais semelhantes aplicados em contextos diferentes. / Claude Debussy\'s String quartet in G minor is a work characterized by important dichotomies. Written in 1893, the piece is permeated by harmonic and formal elements attached to the tonal tradition and to the end of the 19th century, and specially to the composer César Franck. At the same time, the Quartet uses procedures observed only in Debussy\'s mature works, in which the presence of tonalism is weak, and analyses that rely exclusively on tonal elements are proven to have little efficiency regarding this piece. The relation between tradition and innovation is examined in this research, which focuses on two related characteristics: the way in which Debussy uses repeated elements in this piece, a matter also examined by Sylveline Bourion, and aspects related to the kinetic form described by Richard Parks. A comparison between the Quartet\'s first movement and the first movement from the Sonata for flute, viola and harp, composed at the end of Debussy\'s career, is useful for observing similar formal elements applied in different contexts.

La Lycie, région mystérieuse et fascinante, avec une identité mixte qui englobait des éléments locaux et des éléments gréco-perses, n’a pas encore une étude « générale » : pour cette raison, j’ai décidé de consacrer mon travail à son analyse. Cette thèse a été divisée en trois grandes parties : la première présente une analyse de l’évolution géographique des frontières régionales à partir du VIe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu’à la provincialisation romaine avec une perspective synchronique et diachronique. La deuxième décrit l’histoire régionale, en tenant naturellement compte des sources arrivées jusqu’à nous. La troisième contient l’édition des fragments des historiens auteurs de Lykiaka, c’est à dire les fragments des historiens de langue grecque, auteurs d’oeuvres monographiques sur cette région asiatique (Menecrate de Xanthos ; Policarme ; Léon d’Alabande ; les fragments de la « Constitution des Lyciens » ; Alexandre Polyhistor ; Capiton de Lycie ; Aristenète). Les trois parties de ce travail ne sont pas des sections indépendantes et séparées, mais interagissent et communiquent constamment les unes avec les autres : un ouvrage compliqué et composite, mais qui cherche de reproduire la complexité d’une région « de frontière ». / A general study lacks about Lycia, mysterious and fascinating region with a mixed identity that included local and Greco-Persian elements: for this reason, I decided to dedicate my PhD thesis to her analysis. This work has been divided into three parts: the first presents a study on the changing geography of regional borders from the sixth century B.C. until the creation of the Roman province, with a synchronic and diachronic perspective. The second describes the regional history. The third contains the fragments of the authors of Lykiaka, in other words the fragments of Greek historians, authors of monographic works on Lycia (Menecrates of Xanthos; Policarme; Léon of Alabanda; the fragments of the "Constitution of the Lycians"; Alexander Polyhistor; Capito of Lycia; Aristaenetus). The three parts of this work constantly interact and communicate each other: a complicated and composite work, but able to reproduce the complexity of a “ border” region.

Ce travail présente le soldat volontaire dans l’armée grecque durant la guerre gréco-turque de 1919 à 1923. À la lumière des sources primaires comme les archives militaires et diplomatiques, les archives du Premier ministre et du Haut commissaire grec à Smyrne, les témoignages des volontaires ainsi que d’autres archives de l’État grec, cette thèse présente l’homme ordinaire qui a décidé de se présenter volontairement sous les drapeaux durant la guerre en Asie mineure. Celle-ci vise à montrer cet homme dans tout son être multidimensionnel, ses motivations, sa vie sur le front et sa contribution durant les batailles, ses blessures et sa mort, sa « vie » en tant que prisonnier des Turcs, sa réintégration dans la société à la fin de la guerre et le fait que l’historiographie, la société et le monde politique l’ont oublié. / This thesis presents the volunteer soldier of the Greek army during the war between Greece and Turkey that lasted from 1919 until 1923. In the light of primary sources, such as the military and diplomatic archives; the archives of the Prime Minister and the Greek Supreme Commissioner in Smyrna; the memoirs of volunteer soldiers, as well as other archives of the Greek State; this thesis presents the ordinary man who decided to voluntarily join the Greek army during the war in Asia Minor. It aims to present this man through his motivations, his life at the war front and his contribution during the battle, through his wounds and his death, his “life” as a prisoner of the Turks and his reintegration within the society after the war. Finally, this thesis presents how the historiography, the society and the politicians forgot about this ‘soldier man’.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-22T17:27:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Carmen Lopes.pdf: 95685 bytes, checksum: 14e3f1859bd36ee0efaa5d824708e7d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-06 / This paper presents the data of a cross-sectional made in two suburbs communities of a city in the south of Brazil in 2002, where are located UCPel s Health Centers. The objective was evaluate health mental conditions in these populations to improve the service given. In a total, 848 residents were interviewed with an average familiar wages of R$ 478,00; average age 41,1 and average schooling 6,5 years. It was evaluated psychiatric morbidity among relatives through a criterion of psychiatric hospital admissions. The implications most quoted about living with relatives who suffer from psychiatric morbidity were the restriction on work and on keeping a social contact. The prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was of 33,8%, indicating the need of care. / Este artigo apresenta dados de um estudo transversal realizado em duas comunidades periféricas da cidade de Pelotas, onde se localizam os Postos de Saúde da UCPel. O objetivo foi avaliar condições de saúde mental nestas populações para aperfeiçoar o atendimento prestado. No total foram entrevistados 848 moradores com renda familiar média de 478,8 reais; idade média de 41,1 anos e escolaridade média de 6,5 anos. Avaliou-se morbidade psiquiátrica entre os familiares através do critério de internações psiquiátricas. As implicações mais citadas em coabitar com parentes portadores de morbidade psiquiátrica foram a restrição em trabalhar e de manter contato social. A prevalência de Transtornos Psiquiátricos Menores foi de 33,8% apontando para a necessidade de atenção neste sentido.

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) considera que os transtornos mentais menores, que incluem depressão e ansiedade, afetam aproximadamente 30% dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: Verificar a freqüência, e a taxa de prevalência de transtornos mentais entre Comissários de Bordo afastados das atividades profissionais. Métodos: Foram analisados os prontuários de 648 comissários de bordo, 105 homens e 543 mulheres, que realizaram perícia durante um período de cinco anos e receberam como parecer de afastamento pelo menos um diagnóstico do agrupamento F00-F99 da CID- 10, associado ou não a doença ou transtorno orgânico. Resultados: Comissários de Bordo ingressam cedo no mercado de trabalho (50,5 por cento dos homens e 70,5 por cento das mulheres recebem sua certificação profissional entre os 18 e os 22 anos), e também adoecem cedo (81,9 por cento dos homens até os 41 anos; 84,3 por cento das mulheres até os 35 anos), em média após 10 anos de trabalho (11,9 anos para homens, 9,4 anos para mulheres). Os diagnósticos mais freqüentes como causa de afastamento foram, pela ordem, F32 episódios depressivos (44,5 por cento homens; 35,49 por cento mulheres), e F41 outros transtornos ansiosos (20,1 por cento dos homens; 22,9 por cento das mulheres). Discussão e Conclusão: As mulheres adoecem mais ced por cento o do que os homens, e são afastadas do trabalho principalmente por episódios depressivos. Os homens são afastados principalmente devido a transtornos ansiosos. Os dados concordam com a literatura, que aponta menor número de homens diagnosticados com transtornos mentais menores. A maior freqüência desses transtornos entre Comissários de Bordo, em comparação com as demais categorias profissionais, pode se dever a fatores associados à organização do trabalho e a fatores psicossociais do trabalho, mas os dados coletados neste estudo não permitiram verificar essa hipótese. / According to the World Health Organization (WHO), minor mental disorders, which include depression and anxiety, affect about 30 per cent of workers. Objective: To verify the frequency and the prevalence index of mental disorders among Flight Attendants withdrawn from their work. Methods: The electronic files of 648 flight attendants 105 male and 543 female were analyzed. They were evaluated during a 5-year delay, and were withdrawn from work due to at least on diagnostic of group F00-F99 of IDC-10, associated or not to organic disease(s) or condition(s). Results Flight Attendants begin to work early: 50.5 per cent of males and 70.5 per cent of females get their professional certification between 18 and 22 years old, and also get sick early: 81.9 per cent of males up to 41 years old; 84.3 per cent of females up to 35 years old, and after 10 years of work, approximately: 11.9 years for males, 9.4 years for females. The most frequent diagnostics registered as cause of withdrawn from work were F32 Depressive episode (44.5 per cent of males; 35.5 per cent of females), and F41 Other anxiety disorders (20.1 per cent of males; 22.9 per cent of females). Discussion and Conclusion: Women get sick sooner than men, and are withdrawn from work mostly due to depressive episodes. Men are withdrawn from work mostly due to anxiety disorders. The data agrees with the literature, which points out a smaller number of males diagnosed with minor mental disorders. The larger frequency of these disorders among Flight Attendants, in comparison with other professional groups, might be due to factors linked to the work organization and psychosocial factors of the job, but the data collected in this study did not allow to verify this hypothesis.

INTRODUÇÃO: Xerostomia é um sintoma comum relacionado a diversas doenças e faz parte da complexa exocrinopatia que afeta glândulas salivares na síndrome de Sjögren (SS). Sintomas similares são encontrados em outras doenças crônicas auto-imunes, incluindo o lúpus eritematoso (LE). O principal achado histopatológico na SS é a infiltração linfocitária que destrói o epitélio ductal levando à atrofia glandular. No LE, alterações das glândulas salivares são raramente relatadas, e tem sido comumente associadas com a SS pela maioria dos autores. OBJETIVOS: Analisar e comparar as alterações histopatológicas e de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) das glândulas salivares menores de doentes com xerostomia e diagnóstico de LE ou SS. MÉTODO: No período de março de 2007 a março de 2009, 56 doentes (29 com diagnóstico de LE e 27 com SS) acompanhados na Divisão de Dermatologia e/ou de Reumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), foram avaliados. Todos os doentes apresentavam em comum a queixa de xerostomia e foram submetidos a biopsia das glândulas salivares labiais. Os espécimes foram submetidos a estudo histopatológico e de IFD. Todos os doentes foram também avaliados quanto ao uso de medicações, dados clínico-demográficos, comorbidades e duração dos sintomas. RESULTADOS: Dos 56 doentes examinados, 54 eram mulheres e apresentavam idades de 16 a 77 anos. Nas glândulas salivares de doentes com SS, observou-se, principalmente, sialadenite linfocítica moderada a intensa, com expressiva agressão ductal, fibrose e atrofia glandular. A intensidade da agressão tecidual correlacionou-se com a duração da SS. Nos doentes com LE, evidenciou-se sialadenite crônica leve na maioria dos casos acompanhada de espessamento e hialinização da membrana basal ductal e infiltrado linfocitário perivascular. A presença deste infiltrado correlacionou-se com a duração do LE. O exame de IFD revelou que 11 (41%) dos 27 doentes com SS apresentaram depósitos de IgA intercelulares no epitélio ductal. Os doentes com SS que demonstraram destruição glandular maciça (52%,n=14), apresentaram IFD negativa. Dezoito (62%) dos 29 doentes com LE apresentaram depósitos homogêneos de IgG na membrana basal dos ductos glandulares. CONCLUSÃO: As alterações histopatológicas e de IFD nas glândulas salivares de doentes com SS e LE são distintas. Na SS observa-se fundamentalmente infiltração linfocitária com agressão ductal e deposição de IgA, enquanto que no LE, a alteração principal é a hialinização da membrana basal ductal e deposição de IgG. Esses dados indicam que o envolvimento das glândulas salivares no LE é uma alteração específica da doença sialadenite lúpica, refletindo uma apresentação multissistêmica da mesma, sendo, portanto, inadequada a classificação dessas alterações como SS associada ao LE. / Background: Xerostomia is a symptom that can be triggered by chronic diseases such as Sjögren\'s syndrome (SS) and lupus erythematosus (LE). Many authors accredit most cases of salivary hypofunction in LE to secondary SS. Others believe that salivary changes in patients with LE might reflect a multisystem presentation of the disease. The present study compared histopathological and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) alterations in salivary glands of patients with xerostomia and diagnosis of LE or SS. Methods: From march of 2007 to march of 2009, in Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo University, fifty-six salivary gland biopsies from patients with xerostomia and diagnosed with LE or SS were submitted to histopathological and DIF exams. Other clinical information was evaluated such as comorbidities and use of medication. Additionally, the patients were enquired about disease and dry mouth symptom duration. Results: From the 56 patients, 54 were women. Patients ages ranged from 16 to 77 years old. Twenty-seven had SS and 29 had LE. In SS, there was moderate to intensive sialadenitis, with infiltration and destruction of excretory salivary ducts. In LE, mild to moderate sialadenitis with thickening and hyalinization of the ductal basement membrane and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration were observed. DIF revealed that 41% (n=11) of SS patients presented intercellular ductal IgA deposits, whereas 62% (n=18) of LE patients demonstrated deposits of IgG in the ductal basement membrane. In 14 cases of SS, an intense glandular fibrosis was observed in histopathology and these cases were negative for all immunoglobulins in DIF. Conclusions: Taken together, the most important of our results indicate that alterations in minor salivary glands of patients with LE and SS are distinct both in their histopathological and immunofluorescence aspects. This reveals different mechanisms of xerostomia in these conditions. Salivary gland alterations in LE patients may be a specific manifestation of the LE process (lupus sialadenitis), reflecting its multisystemic presentation, instead of an association of secondary SS and LE.