Latinoamerica es una de las regiones que en los últimos tiempos viebe padeciendo los estragos que produce la inflación. En particular, el Perú ha registmdlo recientemente uno de los mayores índices de inflación a nivel mundial. Por ejemplo en 1990 los prcrios se incrementaron en un prmnedio de 7649.7% Este dato nos puede dar una idea sobre la magnitud de la depreciación del valor real de nues1tra moneda nacional. En las obligaciones pecuniarias sucede que cuanto mayor es el lapso que demora el deudor en cumplir con la prestación a su cargo, entonces resulta más seria la pérdida del poder adquisltvo del dinero que se emplea en el pago, con el consiguiente perjuicio para el acreedor común y corriente. ¿Cómo ha reaccionado el Derecho frente a este problema? La doctrina y jurisprudencia vienen desarrollando fórmulas de solución bastante polémicas que han alcanzado ribetes verdaderamente brillantes sobretodo en Argentina. Sin embargo, la inflación y la mora del deudor configuran un tema riquísimo en cuanto a posibilidades de investigación se refiere, muchas de las cuales todavía no han tnerecido tma debida atención. En virtud de esta última consideración nuestro trabajo pretende explorar ciertos puntos de vista que nos parecen verdaderamente medulares para contprender a cabalidad el problema planteado. Sabemos que a lo largo de esta obra hemos discurrido por los oscuros límites que separan al Derecho Civil de otras ramas del Derecho en general. En efecto he, nos abordado la perspectiva de la Fllosofia del Derecho, Derecho Constitucional, Derecho Comparado y Derecho Monetario con el propósito de enriquecer la visión de conjunto con relación al tema central de nuestro análisis. Al final puede constatarse una suerte de retroalimentación entre todas estas áreas del quehacer jurídico y que viene a constituir una expresión más del carácter dinámico, complementario y creativo que tiene todo sistenta jurídico para dilucidar los problemas económicos y sociales que se deben regular.

The literature written and being spoken by writers of Mexican origin in the United States continues to reformulate the notion of borders as well as subjects and forms within and beyond the house leitmotif. Writings by Sandra Cisneros, Pat Mora, and Tomás Rivera construct public and private spaces that merit validation in historical, literary, and cultural contexts. As architects, Chicana and Chicano writers challenge the nationalist canon and house. / text

Au début du XXIe siècle émerge en Espagne un mouvement littéraire qu’on appelle « mutant » et qui annonce la fin du paradigme postmoderne. Cette étude se centre sur l’écriture narrative de Jorge Carrión, Agustín Fernández Mallo et Vicente Luis Mora : figures représentatives de ce phénomène, ils jettent les bases d’une poétique mutante, à travers des œuvres singulières, rendant compte des transformations culturelles à l’époque contemporaine. Les nouvelles technologies et les médias récents sont des outils narratifs récurrents dans leurs textes, mais ils fournissent également un modèle d’organisation aussi bien générationnelle que textuelle, ou encore médiatique, qui pourrait être désigné comme le réseau mutant. La thèse se donne pour objet de montrer que la poétique de ces auteurs se construit à travers des relations réticulaires qui se tissent entre les personnes, entre les œuvres et entre les perspectives théoriques que ces écrivains explorent. À l’époque de l’expansion narrative, il faut chercher l’unité dans les nœuds et les liens qui assemblent les pièces, les lieux, les genres, les moyens de communication et de diffusion, etc. Les transformations auxquelles est soumise l’esthétique de la postmodernité dans les textes mutants pointent l’avènement d’une ère nouvelle, celle du postnumérique, époque dans laquelle la tension entre l’écriture et la technologie est mise au service d’une création littéraire hybride. / At the beginning of the 21st century, a new literary movement, called “mutant”, appears in Spain, thus announcing the end of the postmodern paradigm. The present research study focuses on the narrative of Jorge Carrión, Agustín Fernández Mallo and Vicente Luis Mora. These three significant figures attempt to lay the ground for a mutant poetics, by creating literary works which point out the cultural changes that are taking place in our contemporary world. They use the new technologies and media as narrative tools, as well as a model for their organisation as a generation and for the organisation of their texts, in interaction with other platforms. One may therefore speak of a mutant network. The purpose of this dissertation is to indicate that these authors’ poetics is built through reticular relations between people, between works and theories. In this time of narrative expansion, one must search for unity in the nodes and the links which bind the pieces, the places, the literary genres, the means of communication and transmission, etc. In the mutant texts, the postmodern aesthetic is transformed, thus indicating a new cultural turn, the post-digital era, where the tension between writing and technology is used to create hybrid literary works.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Gaspar de Oliveira Martins.pdf: 481230 bytes, checksum: 7129a0ced2aa71f8fbd15c4d409152fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-30 / Inspired by the new vision of the phenomenon of the obligation, attributing to it values and ethics regarding the non-execution of the obligation, this work covers conceptual aspects of default, material breach and substantial performance, its fundamental distinctions and correlated institutes. In addition to resuming the valuable traditional legal teachings, it sough a new reading of these instituted in light of the Civil Code. The study started from the general notion of the concept and modalities of breach of contracts. After exhausting this stage, sought to form an opinion about the institutes of material breach and default, differentiating them in their most relevant aspects. After presenting the grounds for these types of default of obligations, sought to position a legal institute originating from the common law system, namely substantial performance, as of its historical origin and its construction in foreign Law. In this scenario, sought to justify the development of this theory as of the application of the principle of good faith as a rule for limitation of the exercise of the subjective right of termination of contracts, in order to impose greater justice and a certain limitation regarding the configuration of default, expanding the possibilities of maintenance of the contractual relationship in the events in which a minimum default of the obligation agreed is verified. Next, sought to deepen this institute, as of its functional specializations, the criteria for the correct assessment of the seriousness of the breach and its concreteness events, exemplified by the jurisdictional activity developed by the Brazilian Judiciary. All, at last, to have technical and theoretical conditions to establish the distinctive outlines between this theory and the correlated figures presented above, comparatively individualizing that institute to default and material breach, in addition to other institutes of the Brazilian contracts Law, such as defective performance, partial default of dividable and undividable obligations, partial impossibility, as well as unjust enrichment, with the primordial scope to find more positive consequences, in light of the verification of default, which gives prestige to the new reality of contracts and frees it from the ties of contractual termination / Inspirado pela nova visão do fenômeno obrigacional, atribuindo-lhe critérios valorativos e éticos quanto ao fenômeno da inexecução da obrigação, este trabalho aborda aspectos conceituais da mora, do inadimplemento absoluto e do adimplemento substancial, suas distinções fundamentais e institutos correlatos. Além de retomar a valiosa doutrina tradicional, buscou-se a releitura desses institutos à luz do Código Civil. O estudo partiu da noção geral do conceito e das modalidades do inadimplemento das obrigações. Superada esta etapa, procurou-se conceituar os institutos do inadimplemento absoluto e da mora, diferenciando-os em seus aspectos mais relevantes. Postos os fundamentos dessas espécies de inadimplemento das obrigações, visou-se posicionar um instituto jurídico advindo do sistema da common law, denominado adimplemento substancial, a partir de sua origem histórica e de sua construção no Direito estrangeiro. Nesse cenário, importou-se em justificar o desenvolvimento desta teoria a partir da aplicação do princípio da boa-fé objetiva como norma de limitação ao exercício do direito subjetivo de resolução dos contratos, no sentido de impor maior justiça e certa limitação quanto à configuração do inadimplemento, ampliando as possibilidades de manutenção do vínculo contratual nos casos em que se verifica um descumprimento mínimo da prestação pactuada. Tratou-se, em seguida, de aprofundar este instituto, a partir de suas especializações funcionais, dos critérios para a correta valoração da gravidade do descumprimento e de suas hipóteses de concretude, exemplificadas pela atividade jurisdicional desenvolvida pelo Poder Judiciário brasileiro. Tudo, enfim, para se ter condições técnicas e teóricas de estabelecer os contornos distintivos entre esta teoria e figuras correlatas apresentadas anteriormente, individualizando comparativamente aquele instituto à mora e ao inadimplemento absoluto, além de outros institutos do Direito obrigacional brasileiro, como o cumprimento defeituoso, o adimplemento parcial das obrigações divisíveis e indivisíveis, a impossibilidade parcial, bem como o enriquecimento sem causa, com o escopo primordial de encontrar conseqüências mais positivas diante da constatação do inadimplemento, que prestigia a nova realidade do contrato e livra-o das amarras da resolução contratual

This thesis examines prerequisites for wind power diffusion in a county in Sweden that quite recently was concidered to be of interest for electricty production from renewable energy sources. Three different municipalities: Falun, Mora and Orsa in the county of Dalarna are highlighted.  Their view on permitting processes of wind power installations are investigated. Other actors, such as exploiters and local citizens are also being analysed. This study shows that the local acceptance was very high when the first wind power parks were built, much thanks to local politicians and local citizens. For the politicians the wind power symbolised a key to a better green society, for the local citizens the wind power meant some economical advantages. The first wind power parks were localised to areas because of good wind conditions and social factors, especially from local communities. However, results from this study shows that the acceptance for wind power the last few years, in generel, has decreased.  The local authorities have also been conscious of some negative consequenses from already built wind power parks.  As a response they started to add planning tools to the permitting process.

The default has been regulated from a perspective focused on protecting the debtor. Nowadays, this view has become outdated and it is necessary to redesign it.In this article, the author studies the default with the support of the Italian doctrine. In this order, he addresses issues such as the assignation of the amounts to be payed and the onus of cooperation that falls on the creditor. / La mora ha venido regulándose desde un paradigma de defensa del deudor. Hoy en día, esta imagen viene a ser desfasada y es necesario actualizarla. A lo largo del presente artículo, el autor estudia la figura de la mora apoyándose principalmente en la doctrina italiana. En este marco, toca temas como la asignación de los montos a indemnizar y la carga de cooperación que recae en el acreedor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioEGA_DISSERT.pdf: 1043921 bytes, checksum: 998b8c0e3542ed26e5d6bf8fae16b93a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-16 / Made from the bases of metaphysics, this dissertation is related do Kant‟s moral philosophy. But the itinerary to reach the main speculation used to develop this current understanding of Kant‟s thoughts, it is nothing but an attempt to make the formal rigor more flexible, which has always been associated to Kantian ethics‟ perspectives. From the awareness of what this formalism could be, while a moral arrangement, it is how we will be able to come upon a teleological Kant. That is the fundamental element to comprehend some of the significant aspects in that ethical system, which necessarily comes through the effort to demonstrate the proximity between reason and sensibility, as well as nature and liberty. In this environment, the journey to achieve the autonomy, as the bedrock of liberty and morality, evokes the support of education in Kantian patterns, which enables a course of improvement of the human being, as an individual e, more significantly, as specie. This evolution progress, which tents to reveal the destiny of the humanity, is evolved in the relationship between necessity and finality, as a condition to make the structure of a project to humanity possible. We should mention that it is a rational, an educational and a moral project to be developed in the course of history. As a consequence, the amount of all these elements permits the development of the man‟s natural disposition as a creature that looks for self knowledge , becoming, afterward, dignified to be qualified as a human being. Finally, this study intent to figure out the necessity of the human being inclusion to nature, which happens throughout the acquirement of the individuals‟ conscience / Constru?da nos alicerces da metaf?sica, a presente disserta??o trata da filosofia moral kantiana. Mas o itiner?rio das especula??es que regem a elabora??o dessa (re)leitura, dos pensamentos daquele fil?sofo, ? uma tentativa de flexibilizar o rigor formal, desde sempre associado aos horizontes da ?tica kantiana. Ser? da compreens?o do que vem a ser esse formalismo, em sua arquitetura da moralidade, que poderemos caminhar ao encontro de um Kant teleol?gico; e, esse ? o elemento fundamental para entender alguns aspectos significativos naquele sistema ?tico, os quais passam necessariamente pela aproxima??o que tentamos demonstrar entre raz?o e sensibilidade, bem como entre natureza e liberdade. Nesse diapas?o, temos que a jornada ao encontro da autonomia, enquanto alicerce da liberdade e da moralidade, convoca o auxilio da educa??o nos padr?es kantianos, do que se pode vislumbrar uma trajet?ria de aperfei?oamento do homem, enquanto indiv?duo e, muito mais significativamente, enquanto esp?cie. Esse movimento evolutivo, que tende a revelar o destino da humanidade, est? engendrado na rela??o entre necessidade e finalidade, sendo a condi??o de possibilidade para a estrutura??o de um projeto para a humanidade. Vale salientar que ? um projeto racional, educacional e moral a ser desenvolvido no decurso da hist?ria. Da?, a somat?ria de todos esses elementos proporciona o desenvolvimento das disposi??es naturais do homem enquanto ser que busca se auto-conhecer , tornando-se, assim, digno de ser qualificado como humano. Por fim, o estudo visa compreender a necessidade de inclus?o do homem na natureza, o que se d? atrav?s da aquisi??o de consci?ncia dos indiv?duos

The requirement for liquidated damages a convention, accessorial  to  the principal obligation, which guarantees the accomplishment of the first one. The penalty clause has received a different treatment in various legal systems; such are the French, Italian, German and Peruvian cases.In this article, the author explains the functions of the requirement for liquidated damages and its differences with similar figures. In addition he explains the relation between the requirement for liquidated damages and precontractual responsibility, as well as its role inthe scheme of contractual responsibility. / La cláusula penal es aquel negocio jurídico,accesorio a la obligación principal, por mediodel cual se garantiza el cumplimiento de dicha obligación. Este mecanismo de garantía delcumplimiento ha recibido un trato legislativodistinto en diversos ordenamientos, como elfrancés, italiano, alemán y peruano.En el presente artículo, el autor establece cuáles son las funciones de la cláusula penal y sus diferencias con figuras afines. Asimismo, explica la relación entre esta y la responsabilidad precontractual; así como su papel dentro del esquema de la responsabilidad contractual.

En el caso materia del Expediente N° 02377-2006-0-1817-JR-CO-07 (en adelante, “Expediente N° 02377-2006) se discute la nulidad de los acuerdos adoptados en una junta general de accionistas, con la asistencia y votos computados de un accionista que adeudaba dividendos pasivos fuera del plazo de pago otorgado, constituyendo una controvertida situación de mora (que debería haber impedido el ejercicio de sus derechos de voto y el computo del quorum, respecto de la parte de las acciones suscritas y no pagadas). Al respecto, el referido sujeto niega que se haya constituido en mora, en razón de que la propia sociedad (de la que es accionista) se negó a aceptar el pago de los dividendos pasivos adeudados por aquel; por lo que se justificaría el retraso en el pago de los dividendos pasivos, y no le sería imputable las consecuencias del incumplimiento del pago oportuno de los referidos dividendos pasivos. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de explicar los alcances del Expediente N° 02377-2006 en base a las fuentes del derecho pertinentes; para determinar si efectivamente se incurrió en la nulidad de los acuerdos societarios que fue objeto del proceso. Para tal efecto, se analizará determinados aspectos sobre la configuración y efectos de la mora, así como también se evaluará si el accionista que incumplió con el pago oportuno habría actuado con diligencia ordinaria para justificar y evitar la imputación de la mora. En base a lo señalado, expondré mi opinión jurídica sobre el caso y una conclusión rescatando los aspectos principales del Expediente por su relevancia jurídica. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

En el presente informe se analiza como deben ser aplicados los intereses moratorios durante el trámite del proceso contencioso administrativo utilizando como base el derecho al plazo razonable y la finalidad de los intereses moratorios. De ese modo, inicialmente se abordarán los conceptos de derecho al plazo razonable e intereses moratorios tributarios al amparo de los diversos pronunciamientos por parte del Tribunal Constitucional. En concordancia con ello y teniendo en cuenta los conceptos desarrollados inicialmente se analizará la liquidación de intereses moratorios propuesta por el Tribunal Fiscal en la Resolución No. 1975-2-2021. / This report analyzes how late payment interest should be applied during the administrative litigation process based on the right to reasonable time and the purpose of late payment interest. Thus, initially, the concepts of the right to reasonable time and tax interest in arrears will be addressed under the protection of the various pronouncements made by the Constitutional Court. In accordance with this and taking into account the concepts initially developed, the liquidation of delinquent interest proposed by the Tax Court in Resolution No. 1975-2-2021 will be analyzed.