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The study focuses on social work as work with values. In the theoretical part defines the concept of value. Values are later described in social work, families and shelters for mothers with children. As part of the research the values of shelters for mothers and children and the value of users of these facilities are then compared to each other, to what extent are the same or different. The research was conducted in three shelters for mothers with children through interviews. By document analysis the values of shelters on the quality standards of social services were measured. The questions used in the interviews are divided into several areas: family relationships, the relationship of mother and education and work in childhood and adulthood, the relationship of a mother to her children, their education and future occupation, partner relationships and additional questions. These areas should point out what is important to mothers and children. Using this information is possible to compare the values and social workers in shelters that social workers can be incorporated into the concept of the social services.

This study compared perceived stress in fathers and mothers of male children with intellectual disabilities. The sample consisted of 102 fathers and 102 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities who were enrolled at institutes for male children with intellectual disabilities, and from special education classrooms attached to the public elementary general school in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. By using the Parent Stress Index (PSI) for the study, results indicated higher perceived stress levels in Saudi mothers compared to fathers regarding the overall parent-child relationship, the child’s individual characteristics, and the parent’s characteristics. The implications obtained from this study provide research-based data for stakeholders, justifying the creation of appropriate and effective programs for parents of children with intellectual disabilities, especially mothers. The knowledge gained from this study will inform professionals in Saudi Arabia of the services that parents of children with intellectual disabilities need, and support the funding of sufficient numbers of quality social services for these families. Additionally, the results of this study will encourage further study of families of children with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia. / Department of Special Education

Orientador: Isaura Rocha Figueiredo Guimarães / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T09:11:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Figueiredo_AdrianaRocha_D.pdf: 1699932 bytes, checksum: ac3c445b081a7f8bac5347ae0c4f5a73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este estudo procurou analisar as questões subjetivas que envolvem a mãe na relação com a criança especial (CE), investigando seus desdobramentos, tanto nas situações difíceis e dolorosas, quanto nas formas amenizadoras e criativas. A pesquisa objetivou esclarecer o encadeamento dosconceitos: mulher-mãe-subjetividade- maternidade-deficiência. Os subsídios teóricos foram desenvolvidos a partir da articulação das raízes da linha psicanalítica de Freud, incluindo expoentes como Winnicott, e mais recentemente, Chodorow, e os conceitos sócio-históricos de Scott, Badinter e Gonzaléz Rey. Empregando a metodologia qualitativa, a pesquisa teve na história oral, coletada em entrevistas, a estratégia de aproximação com 11 mulheres-mães, cujos filhos eram usuários da Clínica de Assistência e Docência da Universidade de Uberaba-MG. Os dados foram coletados durante o segundo semestre de 2005, sendo posteriormente analisados e organizados de modo a constatar relevantes categorias de análise do problema: a) a gravidez como um momento de planos e expectativas da vida feminina; b) o impacto do nascimento da CE como fato doloroso e difícil, havendo a negação de algumas mães, que não acreditaram na deficiência do filho; c) o estado de desamparo materno na busca de um caminho, que as conduzissem a superar a extrema angústia, o abandono e o despreparo, pois não tinham conhecimentos e as informações não eram de fácil acesso; d) reconstrução subjetiva na maternidade especial, cada mãe a seu modo, descobriu formas de enfrentamento da dor, aprendendo, criando inovações, descobrindo caminhos na rotina cotidiana. Ao evidenciar a importância da subjetividade materna para o crescimento de mães e filhos, recomendamos a formação de grupos de apoio na área da saúde e educação, que incluam a noção de ¿cuidados de si¿ para estas mulheres-mães, com trocas de informações e experiências / Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the subjective issues that involve the relationship between mother and child with the special needs (CE), searching for the painfull and hopeless moments in one side and for the healing and creative behaviors in the other. The cluster woman- subjectivity-motherhood CE, is the main goal of this research. The fundamentals are based on the articulation between the roots of Freudian psychoanalytic background, taking authors as Winnicott and Chodorow, and the social concepts of Scott, Badinter and Gonzaléz Reys. Using qualitative methodology, the author accessed 11 mothers of CE whose children were on treatment in the Clinical of the University of Uberaba, where she worked. The data was collected through recording oral histories in interviews. The results could identify some findings that help to explain the problem: a) the pregnancy as a moment of expectations and dreams in the women¿s life; b) the impact of giving birth of a CE as very painful and difficult moment, that some women go through the denial; c) despair of the mother who had no clear knowledge of the disease, no ease information and support to face the routine with the newborn child; d) subjective reconstruction of the motherhood, where the woman has to empty herself first, rebuild the expectation of motherhood and discover paths of successful education for the child. The conclusions focused the importance of the mother¿s subjectivity to overcome the problem and recommended support groups for these mothers in the health and educational sets / Doutorado / Psicologia, Desenvolvimento Humano e Educação / Doutor em Educação

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:49:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SUELY MARQUES ROSA.pdf: 752746 bytes, checksum: 36ea80faba50ba5bbe324ab1ec63774a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / This paper has the objective of showing the relationships between illness / handicap and sin, and between health and cure, trough a research with mothers of children with Cerebral Palsy from a rehabilitation center in this city. This research discusses the imaginary that involves the birth of a son / daughter and the changes that a birth of a child with Cerebral Palsy can cause in the life of those people. These mothers goes to a process of changes in their ethos, search for the meaning of the misfortune that got them using Theodicee and others rationalizations connected with the ways of divine pedagogy that involves the religious imaginary. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar as relações estabelecidas entre doença / deficiência e pecado, e entre saúde e cura, através de uma pesquisa realizada com mães de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral atendidas em um grande centro de reabilitação da cidade de Goiânia. A pesquisa aborda o imaginário que envolve o nascimento de um/a filho/a e as mudanças que o nascimento de uma criança com Paralisia Cerebral pode desencadear nas vidas dessas pessoas Estas mães, que passam por um processo de modificação em seu ethos, buscam o significado do infortúnio que as acometeu utilizando-se de teodicéias e de outras racionalizações relacionadas às formas de pedagogia divina que envolvem o imaginário religioso.

The socio-emotional well-being of maltreated children is a key priority for practitioners and policy-makers alike; yet not enough is known about the developmental mechanisms that might link children's parenting experiences with their psychosocial adjustment. Previous research suggests that parental abuse and neglect can have adverse effects on children's peer relationships and self-perceptions. Emerging theoretical and empirical work suggests that children's social understanding and empathy could play a key role as mediators of these effects, but we have little knowledge about the differentiated pathways that might be uncovered by adopting a multidimensional conceptualisation of parenting experiences, social understanding and empathy, and peer reputations and self-perceptions. This thesis includes five papers reporting on a programme of empirical research conducted in order to address this gap in knowledge. The first, a meta-analysis and systematic review, revealed a complex and differentiated profile of social understanding among maltreated children. The second paper reports on a thematic analysis of a focus group and detailed semi-structured individual interviews with foster carers. In line with our theoretical model, carers readily identified children's difficulties with social understanding and empathy as relevant explanations for their socio-emotional problems. The third paper presents a new multidimensional self-report measure of empathy in children, demonstrating differentiated connections with socio-emotional functioning. The fourth paper presents comparisons between maltreated children in foster care and their classmates at school (aged 7-11 years), using measures that assess their peer reputations, self-perceptions, social understanding and empathy. Results indicate both direct links from maltreatment status to self-perceptions, as well as indirect links via children's theory of mind skills, their prosocial responses to others' emotional states and their behavioural reputations. The final paper delves deeper into the variations within the non-maltreated sample, uncovering links between specific features of the children's parenting experiences and their behavioural reputations, peer status and self-perceptions, via emotion understanding and empathic responses. Overall, the findings from this programme of research highlight the interplay of parenting experiences and socio-emotional competence in understanding school-aged children's psychosocial functioning. The results carry implications for further research as well as for applied work to support maltreated children and the adults who work with and care for them.

A relação da qualidade da prática médica assistencial com os indicadores de saúde tem sido objeto de controvérsia. A possibilidade de avaliar o estado de saúde do recém-nascido em função do cuidado recebido, facilita o estudo desta relação, principalmente na área perinatal onde a expectativa é o nascimento de um bebê saudável ao final de uma gestação sem fatores de riscos acompanhados segundo as normas obstétricas vigentes. Neste estudo, examina-se a adequação do acompanhamento do trabalho de parto em uma maternidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, sob a ótica de avaliação de qualidade pela abordagem de processos e resultados através de critérios explícitos supondo que os fatores selecionados como componentes do processo de assistência ao trabalho de parto determinariam o resultado. Observa-se tais relações através da metodologia epidemiológica optando por um estudo caso-referente ou um estudo caso-controle, com definição primária da base. Selecionou-se como determinantes da qualidade da prática obstétrica intraparto a duração do trabalho de parto, percepção de alterações durante o trabalho de parto, prontidão para intervenção, número de exames realizados e intervalo entre o último exame e hora do parto. O resultado neonatal adverso caracterizou-se por óbito intra-útero, óbito neonatal e presença de um conjunto de sinais clínicos anormais no período neonatal imediato, com alto valor preditivo para o futuro dano neurológico. O risco de um resultado adverso foi estimado pela razão dos produtos cruzados aodds ratio (OR) numa população de 34 casos e 124 controles. A duração do trabalho de parto maior que doze horas esteve associada a um OR igual a 3,48 (1,28-9,43), idade da gestante, dilatação cervical do colo uterino à admissão e peso ao nascer modificaram o efeito desta associação, que também foi confundida pela paridade e pelo uso da ocitocina contrariando hipótese inicial. A percepção de alterações resultou num OR= 14,73 (4.24-54,27) e, à medida que o tempo de intervenção se prolongava os riscos aumentavam obedecendo a uma tendência linear. Discutem-se as dificuldades de aplicação metodologia epidemiológica ao campo da avaliação da qualidade, essencialmente no que se refere as exigências quantitativas, para garantir precisão e confiabilidade. A observação da interação e o controle do confundimento apontam o cuidado necessário nos trabalhos desta natureza para alcançar consistência e validade. / The connection between the quality of health care practice and its outcomes has been a controversial matter in many different fields. Chiefly in the perinatal area, where at the end of a pregnancy without risk factors being monitored in accordance with valid obstetric standards, the birth of healthy babies is expected. The objective of this study has been to assess the relationship among the quality of obstetrical care in pregnancies free of risk factors during the intrapartum death, neonatal death and evidences of adverse clinical signs at an early neonatal period, with high predictive values for later neurological disability such as seizures and other signs of asphyxia constitute the neonatal adverse outcomes. The quality of obstetrical practice during the intrapartum period was gauged by the duration of labour, the observation of abnormalities during labour, the time elapsed between observation and intervention, the number of examinations performed and the time between the last obstetric visit and labour. Concerned with perinatal care in public maternities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, this study presumed that under the quality assessment view the selected factors, as components of the process of labour care, should be associated with their outcomes. This study was aimed at developing such comprehension, through epidemiological methodology, adopting a case referent or a case-control study with primary definition of the base where the above mentioned factors were determinant of neonatal adverse outcome occurrence and the odds ratio (OR) was the parameter of interest. A labour duration which exceeded 12 hours has been associated to a crude OR of 3.48 (CI: 1.28-9.43) for neonatal adverse outcome. The mothers age, the degree of cervical dilation admission and the birth weight modified the effect of such association which was expressed by an OR of 14.73 (CI; 4.23-54.27). As the time of intervention grew larger, the risk increased, following a linear tendency. Some studied factors could supply indicators for further investigations of the relationship between the quality of intrapartum care and neonatal adverse outcomes.

A relação da qualidade da prática médica assistencial com os indicadores de saúde tem sido objeto de controvérsia. A possibilidade de avaliar o estado de saúde do recém-nascido em função do cuidado recebido, facilita o estudo desta relação, principalmente na área perinatal onde a expectativa é o nascimento de um bebê saudável ao final de uma gestação sem fatores de riscos acompanhados segundo as normas obstétricas vigentes. Neste estudo, examina-se a adequação do acompanhamento do trabalho de parto em uma maternidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, sob a ótica de avaliação de qualidade pela abordagem de processos e resultados através de critérios explícitos supondo que os fatores selecionados como componentes do processo de assistência ao trabalho de parto determinariam o resultado. Observa-se tais relações através da metodologia epidemiológica optando por um estudo caso-referente ou um estudo caso-controle, com definição primária da base. Selecionou-se como determinantes da qualidade da prática obstétrica intraparto a duração do trabalho de parto, percepção de alterações durante o trabalho de parto, prontidão para intervenção, número de exames realizados e intervalo entre o último exame e hora do parto. O resultado neonatal adverso caracterizou-se por óbito intra-útero, óbito neonatal e presença de um conjunto de sinais clínicos anormais no período neonatal imediato, com alto valor preditivo para o futuro dano neurológico. O risco de um resultado adverso foi estimado pela razão dos produtos cruzados aodds ratio (OR) numa população de 34 casos e 124 controles. A duração do trabalho de parto maior que doze horas esteve associada a um OR igual a 3,48 (1,28-9,43), idade da gestante, dilatação cervical do colo uterino à admissão e peso ao nascer modificaram o efeito desta associação, que também foi confundida pela paridade e pelo uso da ocitocina contrariando hipótese inicial. A percepção de alterações resultou num OR= 14,73 (4.24-54,27) e, à medida que o tempo de intervenção se prolongava os riscos aumentavam obedecendo a uma tendência linear. Discutem-se as dificuldades de aplicação metodologia epidemiológica ao campo da avaliação da qualidade, essencialmente no que se refere as exigências quantitativas, para garantir precisão e confiabilidade. A observação da interação e o controle do confundimento apontam o cuidado necessário nos trabalhos desta natureza para alcançar consistência e validade. / The connection between the quality of health care practice and its outcomes has been a controversial matter in many different fields. Chiefly in the perinatal area, where at the end of a pregnancy without risk factors being monitored in accordance with valid obstetric standards, the birth of healthy babies is expected. The objective of this study has been to assess the relationship among the quality of obstetrical care in pregnancies free of risk factors during the intrapartum death, neonatal death and evidences of adverse clinical signs at an early neonatal period, with high predictive values for later neurological disability such as seizures and other signs of asphyxia constitute the neonatal adverse outcomes. The quality of obstetrical practice during the intrapartum period was gauged by the duration of labour, the observation of abnormalities during labour, the time elapsed between observation and intervention, the number of examinations performed and the time between the last obstetric visit and labour. Concerned with perinatal care in public maternities in the State of Rio de Janeiro, this study presumed that under the quality assessment view the selected factors, as components of the process of labour care, should be associated with their outcomes. This study was aimed at developing such comprehension, through epidemiological methodology, adopting a case referent or a case-control study with primary definition of the base where the above mentioned factors were determinant of neonatal adverse outcome occurrence and the odds ratio (OR) was the parameter of interest. A labour duration which exceeded 12 hours has been associated to a crude OR of 3.48 (CI: 1.28-9.43) for neonatal adverse outcome. The mothers age, the degree of cervical dilation admission and the birth weight modified the effect of such association which was expressed by an OR of 14.73 (CI; 4.23-54.27). As the time of intervention grew larger, the risk increased, following a linear tendency. Some studied factors could supply indicators for further investigations of the relationship between the quality of intrapartum care and neonatal adverse outcomes.

(in English) The diploma thesis is devoted to the topic of meeting the needs of users of shelter homes for mothers with children in the Czech Republic. It defines the form of residential social services for mothers with children in Czech legislation. It approaches the target audience of the institution and addresses the causes that may have led to the need to find a service. It specifies the most frequently solved needs, problems, deficits of shelter-seekers. The general part deals with social work methods that can be used in direct work with clients during their stay. The empirical part examines the needs of shelter clients from the perspective of social workers. Based on the assessment of the nationwide questionnaire survey, the results are compared with the views of the clients in the form of structured interviews to verify the reality of the data. The research part of the thesis is closed by an analysis of methodical tools for the identification of client needs used in several selected shelters for mothers and children. The results of the work bring the identification of the areas and the specific needs with which the social workers of the shelters all over the Czech Republic meet. Interpretation of results opens the way for a wider specification of social work performed in shelters for mothers...

The theme of my thesis is Assistance in financial management and use of financial counselling services at the asylum houses for mothers with children. The aim of this study is to determine whether it is possible to help mothers at asylum houses with financial management. Financial literacy and the skill to manage their money of these users is very low and it is later on transmitted to their children. Social workers at asylum houses try to help and to encourage their clients in various areas of their lives. Money is not the area every client allows you to intervene in. In my work I consider the views of particular participants on issues of financial management and through using various tools to cooperate with users to improve their financial management skills and at the end of my work I review how the cooperation worked out and succeeded.