Political and environmental chaos recently experienced in Haiti has damaged the economic sector and telecommunication infrastructure. Developmental data from Haiti show 3 major trends: inadequate social and economic development, insufficient benefits from the global economy, and poorly planned information technology infrastructure (ITI). The specific problem addressed in this study is a knowledge gap in the views of stakeholders within Haiti's national culture on how the country's ITI can be developed to better engage Haiti in 21st century global and digital economy. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the views of 48 expert participants regarding ITI development within Haiti's national culture to better engage Haiti with the 21st century global and digital economy. To satisfy the goal of this exploratory research a case study research design was used, and data were collected from multiple sources including in-depth interviews of 48 participants, observational field notes, and archival documentation. The analysis of the archival data, online surveys, and semi-structured interviews of expert informants revealed that nationwide broadband internet availability has been achieved, which has resulted in internet usage increasing from 2% in 2002 to 12% in 2009. The study participants noted the lack of reliable access to electricity limits the implementation of ITI in the nation. Legislation and financial investment are needed to improve ITI in Haiti. The academic significance and social change implications of the study include filling the knowledge gap of the status of ITI in Haiti, helping the national development of a modernized ITI well-connected to the global economy, and a better quality of life for Haiti's people.

Using content analysis, and countries foreign aid to economic growth selective variables comparison, this study reassesses Taiwan (ROC) earliest economic achievement. The period considered is the early post World War II (1951 to 1965), the subject focus is the U.S. Aid investment to human capital formation, its correlation to the country further development and its implications for Burkina Faso today. The research therefore evolves around this main objective and raises the following questions: how financial and technical resources from the US Aid were investing into Taiwan human capital formation? How does it covariate with the country’s economic development? What were intervening factors to this achievement? Which lessons are worth learning? How can, both the MDGs and Burkina Faso leadership, on the light of Taiwan’s experience improve the development process in Burkina Faso? The data analysis led to the conclusion that most of the USA funds for this early period went primary to fill the human capital gap, which in turn allowed the financial gap to be filling up. This finding comforts our proposed theory that filling the human capital gap is the pre-requisite for countries that still in the first stage of their development. Based on this foundation theory, the study suggests in its conclusion, a couple of policy recommendations for the Millennium Development Goals achievement in Burkina Faso. The suggested recommendations militate firstly, for a better process for financial funds disbursement and investment through a semi autonomous institutional framework, and secondly, for the establishment of a human capital bank through a national volunteer program.

本研究提出了影響新創公司長期表現的架構，並以教育網絡連結作為衡量 社群網絡連結的依據，探討其解決資訊不對稱問題的效果。本論文透過建構台灣的新創公司、創業投資基金和國家發展基金三個群體的經理人資料，計算出各教育網絡間的連結關係；依此可衡量各教育網絡關係對新創公司長期表現的影響。 實證結果顯示，新創公司和創業投資基金間的雙向教育網絡連結對新創公 司的長期表現有正向影響；然而當教育網絡連結和政府部門(本研究定義為國發基金)有關係時，其效果則延伸出許多議題，其一為政府部門與被投資公司產生教育連結時，其對被投資公司的長期績效表現效果為負向，顯示出產生政治連結時政府部門的投資行為會受到影響。另一方面，當創業投資基金和政府部門產生教育連結時，其對被投資公司的長期績效表現為正，解釋了政府單位在選擇創業投資基金時是以長期績效表現作為選擇依據。 / In this research, educational links are hypothesized as the key factors for solving the information asymmetry problem. By using the uniquely constructed dataset with key information of invested companies, venture capital firms and National Development Fund (NDF) in Taiwan, we quantify the effect of network linkages on invested companies’ long-term performance. Our empirical results show that a linkage between invested companies and VCs positively affects invested companies’ long-term performance. However, the political linkage formed with NDF has non-trivial two-fold effects. While an educational link formed between invested companies and NDF impact long-term performance adversely, the educational link between venture capital firms and NDF in turn has positive effects on the long-term performance. We thus confirm the existence of inappropriate investment decisions frequently taken because of the political link between invested companies and National Development Fund.

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA (DVS) / The South African government has earmarked infrastructure development as a key driver of the economy. The infrastructure sectors of energy, water and transport have received large Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) loans to fund new projects, repairs and maintenance. The DBSA loan approvals to municipalities for the period 2012-2013 was R2.3 billion. Loans to 'under-resourced' municipalities totalled R927 million for the same period. Key infrastructure sectors included electricity (R466 million), roads and drainage (R678 million), community facilities (R735 million) and water and sanitation (R1.2 billion). The DBSA is owned by the South African state and its relationship with municipalities is legislated and regulated through the Constitution and an Act of Parliament. One of the post-apartheid roles of the DBSA is to support the infrastructure development agenda of the State through a complexed network of infrastructure projects in the key infrastructure sectors of water and sanitation, education, housing, health and housing. It does so through project, technical and development finance support to municipalities. The underlying rationale for the relationship between municipalities and the DBSA is to forward the States' agenda of providing equal access to basic services and develop infrastructure to support its social and economic development agenda. While the DBSA does provide infrastructure grants and facilitates intergovernmental transfers to municipalities, it also provides infrastructure loans to municipalities for both capital expenditure and large-scale infrastructure projects. The premise of development banks is to provide development finance for infrastructure projects at low interest. The DBSA specifically as a state-owned bank has an overall agenda to develop the infrastructure of poorer municipalities whose credit-worthiness will not allow it to qualify for commercial loans.

A presente dissertação trata da contratação administrativa como instrumento de fomento econômico, pelo prisma da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 e legislação posterior, com o objetivo de apurar se há suporte constitucional para o fomento das áreas escolhidas pelo legislador e contempladas pelo Direito Administrativo Contratual vigente; se é legítima a utilização das contratações públicas como instrumento de fomento, finalidade que extrapola o interesse direto da Administração na aquisição do bem, na execução da obra ou na prestação do serviço; e qual o impacto dessas medidas nos procedimentos de contratações administrativas. Na primeira parte do trabalho, com o objetivo de melhor compreender a relação entre a função estatal de incentivo e os contratos administrativos, são buscadas balizas constitucionais para a atuação do Estado como agente normativo e regulador da atividade econômica, mediante o melhor entendimento da sua função de incentivo e a busca de objetivos, pessoas e/ou áreas que poderiam ser destinatárias do fomento econômico, investigando-se no que consiste a vantagem a ser buscada pela Administração em suas contratações e a sua relação com o fomento econômico. Na segunda parte do trabalho, são examinadas as principais alterações legislativas que visam à utilização das contratações administrativas como instrumentos de fomento econômico, que foram agrupadas em dois blocos. Um para exame dos benefícios concedidos às microempresas, às empresas de pequeno porte, às cooperativas e para outras formas associativas; outro para exame das preferências estabelecidas para proteção do mercado nacional e do meio ambiente e para o incentivo à inovação tecnológica. / The present work deals with the administrative signings as an economic fomentation tool, through the prism of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988 and subsequent legislation, in order to determine whether there is constitutional support for the fomentation of the areas chosen by the legislator and, contemplated by Contractual Administrative Law in force; if is legitimate the use of public contractings as a fomentation tool, purpose that goes beyond the direct interest of the Administration at the acquisition of the property, carrying out the work or providing the service; and what impact of these measures in the procedures for administrative hirings. In the first part of the work, in order to better understand the relationship between the state function of incentives and administrative signings, constitutional goals are sought for the State acting as a normative and regulating agent of economic activity through a better understanding of their function incentive and the pursuit of goals, people and / or areas to be the recipients economic fomentation, investigating on what is the advantage to be sought by management in their hirings and their relationship with economic fomentation. In the second part of the work are investigated main legislative changes aimed at the use of administrative signings as instruments of economic fomentation, which were grouped into two blocks. One for the examination of the benefits granted to micro-enterprises, to small businesses, cooperatives and other forms of association; another exam of the preferences established for the domestic market protection and the environment and to encourage technological innovation.

This study sought to uncover gender bias in selected Shona novels and examine the manner in which authors present the subject. The major objectives were to identify the effects of hostile gender relations and assess Shona novel authors’ commitments to promote healthy gender relations which are pre-requisites for national development. The study adopted the dual approach by fusing feminism with Afrocentricity as the literary tool of analysis. These theories served as lenses for exploring gender biases in selected Shona novels. The liberal feminism was the most relevant feminist theory to this study because it advocates more about inclusion and unrestricted participation of women in all spheres of social life. The research was anchored on the qualitative design. The methodology used to gather data for analysis involved interviewing three out of four authors of this research’s selected Shona novels, eight Shona literature lecturers from teachers’ colleges and universities in Zimbabwe as well as five accomplished scholars who have also written their own Shona novels. Questionnaires were administered to thirty two students, twenty from teachers’ colleges and twelve from universities in Zimbabwe. The total number of all participants in this study was forty-eight and purposive sampling was used to come up with the sample. Data was analysed in descriptive form. This study has established that most Shona novelists are not gender neutral. While some authors are championing the emancipation of women others are perpetuating their marginalisation. Basing on the findings of this study, the researcher recommends that Shona authors should be sensitised through workshops, seminars or conferences on the need to pen gender balanced novels if national development is to be realised. This would help the societies who are the consumers of such novels to be gender neutral through emulating the positive portrayal attributed to characters. The Zimbabwe Schools Examinations Council (ZIMSEC), teachers’ colleges and universities should approve gender neutral Shona novels so that students can have appropriate role models to emulate. It is envisaged that this research will be of great benefit to all those who will have the privilege to access it. Gained knowledge will help to extricate women from marginalisation and also promote healthy gender relations. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

O presente trabalho busca analisar a trajetória do planejamento econômico no Brasil, enfatizando os planos de desenvolvimento elaborados após o II PND. Para isto divide-se em quatro partes: primeiramente, observa-se a evolução do planejamento no país até 1979, com a descrição dos planos até o II PND e da crise do planejamento a partir dos anos 80; na segunda e terceira parte, procura-se identificar, descrever e analisar os planos de desenvolvimento do país após o II PND; e, por último, analisa-se a evolução de indicadores econômicos e sociais durante as fases de implementação dos planos de desenvolvimento. Na primeira fase da pesquisa constata-se o aprofundamento do processo de planejamento no Brasil desde o Plano Salte até o II PND. Como resultado deste processo, o país pôde estruturar a sua cadeia produtiva e avançar para indústrias de alta tecnologia. No entanto, a partir do final da década de 70, esta prática governamental se esgotou diante da crise fiscal do Estado e da descrença na capacidade de planejamento do setor público, dado o relativo insucesso do II PND. Na segunda e terceira parte do trabalho, foram identificados os seguintes planos de desenvolvimento: o III PND, o I PND-NR, o PAG, o PPA-91, o PPA-96 e o PPA-2000. Observa-se que, no período que se iniciou com o III PND, e que perdurou durante praticamente toda a década de 90, prevaleceu a falência do planejamento no Brasil e um profundo descrédito quanto ao seu potencial. Com a Constituição de 1988, ficou estabelecido o modelo de planejamento baseado nos planos plurianuais. No entanto, o primeiro PPA, o PPA-91, não pode ser considerado como instrumento para estimular o desenvolvimento, uma vez que foi criado apenas para cumprir o preceito constitucional e praticamente não foi implementado. A partir do segundo PPA, o PPA-96, percebe-se uma tentativa para a retomada do planejamento no âmbito da administração pública federal. Do primeiro PPA, de 1991, ao Avança Brasil, de 2000, que usa o modelo de gerenciamento na execução dos programas, nota-se um esforço maior para o aprimoramento na implementação e no alcance de objetivos. Na última parte do trabalho, considera-se a evolução de indicadores sócio-econômicos nas fases de implementação dos planos de desenvolvimento dos últimos 50 anos. Observa-se que a efetivação da política de desenvolvimento não só causa impactos sobre os indicadores selecionados, como também é afetada por eles. / The present study's aim is to analyze the history of Brazil's economical plan, emphasizing the development plans that came about after the II PND. For this purpose, it is divided in four parts: firstly, the plan's evolution in the country up to 1979 should be observed, describing the plans up to the II PND and the crisis that started in the 80s; in the second and third part, the study identifies, describes and analyses the development plans in the country after the II PND; and, finally, it analyzes the evolution of the economical and social indicators during the implement of the development plans. In the first stage of the research it was found that there was an intensification of the planning process in Brazil from plan Salte up to the II PND. As a result of this process, the country was able to establish its industrial production and move forward to high-tech industries. However, from the late 70s on, this governmental practice came to an end due to the public debt crisis and distrust on the government's capacity caused by the II PND's failure. In the second and third part of the research the following development plans were identified: the III PND, PND-NR, PAG, PPA-91, PPA- 96 and PPA-2000. It can be observed that in the period that began with the III PND and lasted throughout the 90s, the breakdown of Brazil’s planning and a deep lack of faith in its potential prevailed. In the 1988 Constitution it was established the planning model based on pluri-annual plans. However, the first PPA, PPA-91, can’t be considered a tool to encourage development because it was created just for the Constitution and practically wasn’t implemented. From the second PPA, PPA-96, it can be noticed that there’s an effort to resume the planning in public administration. From the first PPA, in 1991, to Avança Brasil (2000) that used the managing model for programs, the plan becomes more valued and there’s a greater effort to set and achieve goals. In the last part of the study it can be observed the evolution of the social and economical indicators in the implementing stages of the development plans in the last 50 years. It can also be observed that not only does the development policy affects the selected indicators but it is also affected by them.

A presente dissertação trata da contratação administrativa como instrumento de fomento econômico, pelo prisma da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 e legislação posterior, com o objetivo de apurar se há suporte constitucional para o fomento das áreas escolhidas pelo legislador e contempladas pelo Direito Administrativo Contratual vigente; se é legítima a utilização das contratações públicas como instrumento de fomento, finalidade que extrapola o interesse direto da Administração na aquisição do bem, na execução da obra ou na prestação do serviço; e qual o impacto dessas medidas nos procedimentos de contratações administrativas. Na primeira parte do trabalho, com o objetivo de melhor compreender a relação entre a função estatal de incentivo e os contratos administrativos, são buscadas balizas constitucionais para a atuação do Estado como agente normativo e regulador da atividade econômica, mediante o melhor entendimento da sua função de incentivo e a busca de objetivos, pessoas e/ou áreas que poderiam ser destinatárias do fomento econômico, investigando-se no que consiste a vantagem a ser buscada pela Administração em suas contratações e a sua relação com o fomento econômico. Na segunda parte do trabalho, são examinadas as principais alterações legislativas que visam à utilização das contratações administrativas como instrumentos de fomento econômico, que foram agrupadas em dois blocos. Um para exame dos benefícios concedidos às microempresas, às empresas de pequeno porte, às cooperativas e para outras formas associativas; outro para exame das preferências estabelecidas para proteção do mercado nacional e do meio ambiente e para o incentivo à inovação tecnológica. / The present work deals with the administrative signings as an economic fomentation tool, through the prism of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988 and subsequent legislation, in order to determine whether there is constitutional support for the fomentation of the areas chosen by the legislator and, contemplated by Contractual Administrative Law in force; if is legitimate the use of public contractings as a fomentation tool, purpose that goes beyond the direct interest of the Administration at the acquisition of the property, carrying out the work or providing the service; and what impact of these measures in the procedures for administrative hirings. In the first part of the work, in order to better understand the relationship between the state function of incentives and administrative signings, constitutional goals are sought for the State acting as a normative and regulating agent of economic activity through a better understanding of their function incentive and the pursuit of goals, people and / or areas to be the recipients economic fomentation, investigating on what is the advantage to be sought by management in their hirings and their relationship with economic fomentation. In the second part of the work are investigated main legislative changes aimed at the use of administrative signings as instruments of economic fomentation, which were grouped into two blocks. One for the examination of the benefits granted to micro-enterprises, to small businesses, cooperatives and other forms of association; another exam of the preferences established for the domestic market protection and the environment and to encourage technological innovation.

Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2016-09-19T20:20:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Messias Rafael Batista.pdf: 1433213 bytes, checksum: 642288444aadca47feb1d487dc2d52ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-19T20:20:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Messias Rafael Batista.pdf: 1433213 bytes, checksum: 642288444aadca47feb1d487dc2d52ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-27 / CAPES / The socioeconomic development of societies is a recurring theme of the scientific research in the end of the twentieth century in developing States. In this way, it is important to understand what are the main elements that make up the increased capacity of a State, when dealing to act as major investor to social modernization. After World War II, The genesis of the Third World and its demand for development, make historical matrices necessary to understand two elements that are fundamental in the process of social modernization of developing nations: the foreign policy and the technical improvement of bureaucracy. In this perspective, the aim ofthis paper is to analyze Brazil’s behavior in concerce its development strategy, particularly in the directions of its foreign policy and social modernization in the last ten years. Thus, seeking to understand the gap in the developing model in the 90s, and the configuration of the developing model the last decade. / O desenvolvimento socioeconômico da sociedade é tema recorrente na pesquisa cientifícia do final do século XX, em Estados em desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, torna-se importante compreender quais são os elementos principais que compoem o aumento das capacidades de um Estado, quando incubido de agir como investidor majoritário para a modernização social. A genese do Terceiro Mundo, após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, e sua demanda por desenvolvimento, motam as matrizes históricas necessárias a compreensão de dois elementos que tornaram-se fundamentais no processo de modernização social de nações em desenvolvimento: a política externa e o aperfeiçoamento técnico da burocracia. Nesta perspectiva, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar o comportamento do Brasil, no que concerce a sua estratégia de desenvolvimento, principalmente no direcionamentos de sua política externa e de modernização social nos últimos dez anos. Assim, buscando compreender o hiáto no modelo desevolvimentista na década de 1990, e a configuração do modelo neodesenvolvimentista na última década.

Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T19:31:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Messias Rafael Batista.pdf: 42152048 bytes, checksum: 1744d60d6639e56aab69c45888231428 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T19:31:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Messias Rafael Batista.pdf: 42152048 bytes, checksum: 1744d60d6639e56aab69c45888231428 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-27 / CAPES / The socioeconomic development of societies is a recurring theme of the scientific research in the end of the twentieth century in developing States. In this way, it is important to understand what are the main elements that make up the increased capacity of a State, when dealing to act as major investor to social modernization. After World War II, The genesis of the Third World and its demand for development, make historical matrices necessary to understand two elements that are fundamental in the process of social modernization of developing nations: the foreign policy and the technical improvement of bureaucracy. In this perspective, the aim ofthis paper is to analyze Brazil’s behavior in concerce its development strategy, particularly in the directions of its foreign policy and social modernization in the last ten years. Thus, seeking to understand the gap in the developing model in the 90s, and the configuration of the developing model the last decade. / O desenvolvimento socioeconômico da sociedades é tema recorrente na pesquisa cientifícia do final do século XX, em Estados em desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, torna-se importante compreender quais são os elementos principais que compoem o aumento das capacidades de um Estado, quando incubido de agir como investidor majoritário para a modernização social. A genese do Terceiro Mundo, após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, e sua demanda por desenvolvimento, motam as matrizes históricas necessárias a compreensão de dois elementos que tornaram-se fundamentais no processo de modernização social de nações em desenvolvimento: a política externa e o aperfeiçoamento técnico da burocracia. Nesta perspectiva, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar o comportamento do Brasil, no que concerce a sua estratégia de desenvolvimento, principalmente no direcionamentos de sua política externa e de modernização social nos últimos dez anos. Assim, buscando compreender o hiáto no modelo desevolvimentista na década de 1990, e a configuração do modelo neodesenvolvimentista na última década.