Alors qu’il semble acquis par la plupart des acteurs de la construction et du logement que l’évolution de la réglementation a joué un rôle non négligeable dans la hausse des prix des logements neufs au cours des années 2000 en France, cette thèse se propose d’interroger le lien entre accroissement des prix, renforcement normatif et accessibilité économique des logements neufs pour les ménages modestes. Autrement dit, ces logements à haute valeur réglementaire sont-ils devenus trop chers pour accueillir les plus modestes d’entre nous ? Dans une démarche plus empirique que théorique, notre recherche consiste en la construction d’un faisceau d’indices permettant d’éclairer cette question à partir d’exploitations statistiques, de monographies et d’entretiens avec les acteurs de la construction.Nous nous attachons à étudier les mécanismes de fixation des prix des logements neufs à la vente et à la location, leur évolution brute et en lien avec les revenus des ménages, ainsi que la comparaison avec le prix des logements anciens. Après avoir retracé l’évolution de la réglementation dans le logement, un recensement des surcoûts évalués dans la littérature fait le jour sur la faiblesse des arguments appuyant la thèse d’une hausse des prix induite par le renforcement réglementaire au cours des années 2000. C’est pourquoi nous tentons de mesurer scientifiquement l’impact de la réglementation sur les prix de revient et les prix de vente des logements en faisant notamment appel à la modélisation hédonique et à des monographies. Bien que, finalement, la réglementation ne semble pas avoir été l’un des déterminants majeurs de l’accroissement des prix des logements neufs, la question de leur accessibilité économique continue à se poser. L’étude du peuplement des logements neufs, de son évolution et du cas particulier de la représentation des ménages modestes au sein de ce parc éclaire cette question / While it appears to be common knowledge that regulatory developments in the construction sector contributed to increase prices for new housing in the 2000s in France, this thesis questions the seemingly causal link between construction regulation and housing prices, and explores its impact for low-income households. Using a more empirical than theoretical methodology, our research consists of building a body of evidence to clarify this question on the basis of statistical evaluation, monographs and interviews with stakeholders in the construction sector.In this perspective we intend to determine the pricing mechanism for new housing, whether for rent or for sale, and explore the price development against households incomes and compare their value with old housing. After setting out the successive evolutions of housing regulation, our literature review, which in particular highlights evaluated additional costs, proves that increase in housing prices is not directly related to regulation. Our research will try to scientifically measure the impact of these new regulations on prediction and purchase prices through the use of hedonic regressions. Although we argue regulation has not been one of the principal determinants of the price increases of new housing, factors affecting their affordability remains an open question. We propose to study the evolution of the new housing population, with particular attention to the low income households

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The diploma thesis focus on evaluation of co-operative housing construction as one of the way from current credit crisis of financing of housing construction. Specifies and evaluate individual types of financig of new housing construction and apply it on model example. Evaluation is based on analysis of present circumstances of housing construction and trend of mortgage loans. In this evaluation also looks at subvene of new housing construction. At the same time looks on an alternative of non-profit co-operative housing construction.

The intention of this master’s thesis is proposal development of housing in Brno-Řečkovice location. This is an area between Žilkova street and Terezy Novákové street. In currently in this area it is found terraced houses and block of flats near the north boundaries of area. Then it is found the small recreational buildings and yards. Area has development potential, because it is situated in quiescent location of Brno, but at the same time it is relatively easily accessible.Thanks of planning extension tram line. The urban concept contains especially blocks of flats, then objects with services and day-care center. The intention is create functional place with new housing capacity.

Since the financial crisis in 2008 housing prices in the greater Stockholm region have beenrising by an average of 8 percent per year and therefor municipalities, developers andbuyers of new production housing have been able to make high profit. This has lead to astrong optimism and a high risk propensity among several parties. Since august 2017 thehousing market have turned and housing prices have declined. The reasons are believed tobe an overproduction of expensive new housing, media’s negative view on the newproduction market and tightened amortization requirements. The immediate effect was a biguncertainty regarding the market for new housing and cautious residential consumers. Thehousing developers reports low sales the first quarter of 2018 and some developers areforced to return land allocations to the municipalities.This degree project aims to describe the risk that occurs in the process of developing newhousing. It will be done through a qualitative interview study which aims to closer examinethe municipalities and developers view on the housing market, the risks that occur in thedeveloping process and their risk management strategies. The purpose of the report is alsoto identify the risks that are imposed on buyers of new housing, which is done throughinterviews with developers and new production brokers.The study shows that developers and municipalities are facing a difficult time when it comesto making agreements in today's uncertain housing market and the distrust between theparties can be derived from adverse selection. Due to the development monopoly manymunicipalities benefits a strong negotiation position. At the same time the participatingmunicipalities are in a difficult situation due to their agreement with the state and theStockholm County Council regarding 64 000 new homes by the year of 2030.The degree project emphasizes the possibility that by adjusting an existing price indexformula, land prices will be more closely linked to housing prices. The purpose of thisformula in a market fall is to allow a larger proportion of housing prices to be deducted fromthe land price for the developers and that in a market upturn the municipality will be able totake a larger cut of the higher housing prices. The ambition is that this will facilitatenegotiations between the municipality and the developer and make the developers moreresistant in a changing new production market. / Since the financial crisis in 2008 housing prices in the greater Stockholm region have beenrising by an average of 8 percent per year and therefor municipalities, developers andbuyers of new production housing have been able to make high profit. This has lead to astrong optimism and a high risk propensity among several parties. Since august 2017 thehousing market have turned and housing prices have declined. The reasons are believed tobe an overproduction of expensive new housing, media’s negative view on the newproduction market and tightened amortization requirements. The immediate effect was a biguncertainty regarding the market for new housing and cautious residential consumers. Thehousing developers reports low sales the first quarter of 2018 and some developers areforced to return land allocations to the municipalities.This degree project aims to describe the risk that occurs in the process of developing newhousing. It will be done through a qualitative interview study which aims to closer examinethe municipalities and developers view on the housing market, the risks that occur in thedeveloping process and their risk management strategies. The purpose of the report is alsoto identify the risks that are imposed on buyers of new housing, which is done throughinterviews with developers and new production brokers.The study shows that developers and municipalities are facing a difficult time when it comesto making agreements in today's uncertain housing market and the distrust between theparties can be derived from adverse selection. Due to the development monopoly manymunicipalities benefits a strong negotiation position. At the same time the participatingmunicipalities are in a difficult situation due to their agreement with the state and theStockholm County Council regarding 64 000 new homes by the year of 2030.The degree project emphasizes the possibility that by adjusting an existing price indexformula, land prices will be more closely linked to housing prices. The purpose of thisformula in a market fall is to allow a larger proportion of housing prices to be deducted fromthe land price for the developers and that in a market upturn the municipality will be able totake a larger cut of the higher housing prices. The ambition is that this will facilitatenegotiations between the municipality and the developer and make the developers moreresistant in a changing new production market.

Territorial studies urban area in Ostrava in the Vítkovice has a long industrial history. It is an area inaccessible to the public and former industrial brownfield. The thesis aims to open up this area and integrate it in the neighboring city of Ostrava. It is also suggested revitalization of the former industrial site for a new multipurpose building and construction of a new urban district with urban greenery.

<p>As a mid-size industrial city in North America, the City of Hamilton has been increasingly experiencing urban sprawl in the past six decades coupled with population growth and economic development. The study of various interdependent processes driving the evolution of urban form requires the application of simulation models that offer urban planners and policy-makers an efficient means for evaluating urban development policies. This thesis focuses on the modeling efforts towards building a microsimulation residential housing market system for the City of Hamilton. To this end, two major tasks have been conducted in this research. First, a state-of-the-art agent-based microsimulation housing market framework has been designed. Second, two model components in the microsimulation framework, namely a real estate appraisal model and a new housing development model, have been estimated. The objective of the real estate appraisal model is to assess the market values of existing dwellings based on the housing transactions in the previous period. Thre e model forms, including a traditional hedonic model, a spatial regression model, and a regression Kriging model, have been employed in estimations for comparison purposes. A series of independent variables that describe the characteristics of dwelling, location, and neighborhood are specified in the explanatory model. The comparisons among estimation results demonstrate that the spatial regression model has achieved a higher goodness-of-fit than the traditional hedonic model. In addition, we verified that spatial autocorrelation is present in the residuals of the traditional hedonic model, which is explicitly captured by the spatial regression model. In terms of model prediction accuracy, spatial models (SAR and Kriging) both achieve a certain level of improvements over the traditional hedonic model. Overall, we end up recommending that the SAR model is more appropriate to be incorporated into the microsimulation framework, as it provides the best match between predicted and observed values. The new housing development model enables the development of a dynamic housing supply module in the simulation framework by modeling the location and type decisions during the housing development process for each year. A parcel -level two-tier nested-logit model has been estimated. The model is able to deal with not only the decision to develop a specific vacant residential land parcel, but also the development type choice. In terms of the factors influencing the decision to develop, the picture revealed from the model estimation results is that land developers are more likely to start a development project in greenfields than in brownfields. As for the type choice decision during the development process, a variety of variables describing transportation accessibility, residential amenities, the characteristics of the land parcel and neighborhood are included in the model specifications.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

The diploma thesis deals with village settlements in the Czech Republic. First, the term village and other related terms are defined. The village is perceived from the point of view of legislation and spatial planning. The introductory part also includes a description of the historical development and structure of the villages and mentions folk architecture. The main part of the work is focused on the current state of Czech villages. There is a general analysis covering areas such as public space, public amenities, green, transport, monuments, or new development. The analysis was applied to villages located in the administrative district of the municipality with extended powers of Kroměříž and to the municipality of Rataje. Based on the findings, it evaluates villages and outlines the possibilities for their future development.

Bostadsbristen som rådde i Sverige efter andra världskriget löstes genom ett bostadsprojekt som kom att kallas miljonprogrammet. Bostäderna som byggdes höll vid den tiden en hög standard invändigt medan utemiljön ofta bortprioriterades. Idag råder det än en gång ett stort behov av bostäder i Sverige, dock bör inte problemet lösas med samma metod som under miljonprogrammet. Syftet med arbetet är att ta fram ett förslag på hur ett område i ett mindre samhälle kan gestaltas. Målet är att besvara arbetets två frågeställningar som ska utreda hur en nybebyggelse på en tomt intill ett miljonprogramsområde skulle kunna utformas med hänsyn till platsens förutsättningar, omkringliggande bebyggelse samt upplevd trygghet och trivsel. Den metod som användes för studien är kvalitativa intervjuer, litteraturstudier och skissarbete. Ett förslag av flerbostadshus och en situationsplan för en tomt på en mindre ort har utformats med avseende på trivsel, trygghet och anpassning till kringliggande bebyggelse. Undersökningarna resulterade i åsikter kring vad som skulle prioriteras vid utformning av bostäder på tomten, men även vilka kvalitéer som önskades för övrigt i området. Dessa analyserades och kopplades till den teoretiska bakgrunden. Det analyserade resultatet applicerades sedan i studiens förslag. Studien resulterade i ett förslag som mottogs väl av beställaren, som förhoppningsvis kommer inspireras till vidare arbete med tomten.   Nyckelord: utformningsförslag, moderna planlösningar, situationsplan, flerbostadshus, nybyggnation, miljonprogrammet, trygghet, trivsel, visualisering, byggnadsutformning, bostadsanpassning, trygg miljö, bostäder, bygglovshandlingar, utemiljö. / The housing shortage from which occurred in Sweden after the second world war was solved through a housing project that later became known as The Million Homes Programme (miljonprogrammet). The houses were built with high standards according to the contemporary indoor standards, while the outside environment was often somewhat dull and non-prioritized. At this moment, Sweden is facing a similar type of housing shortage, a problem that should not be solved with the same methods used during The Million Homes Programme. The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a suggestion of a building design and a site layout plan in a small town, in collaboration with a Swedish municipality in Kronoberg county. The goal is to explore the different possibilities of how an estate owned by the municipality of Uppvidinge could be designed with multi-family houses which pays respect to safety and comfort and also is adapted to the surrounding built environment. The surrounding built environment consists of multi-family houses from The Million Homes Programme and one-family villas. The methods used for this thesis are pointed interviews, studies of prior published research and computer aided drawing. A suggestion of a building design accompanied with a site layout plan is presented in the report. The building design and the site layout plan pays respect to safety besides comfort and is also adapted to the surrounding built environment. The completed studies resulted in opinions about what should be a priority when designing multi-family houses on the site, but also what kind of qualities that were desired in the surrounding area. These results were analyzed and thence linked to the theoretical background. The analyzed result was thereafter applied in a suggestion. The study resulted in a suggestion that was well received by the client, which hopefully will be inspired for further work on site.   Key words: design plans, modern planning arrangement, site plan, apartment building, new housing estate, the million homes programme, safety, comfort, visualization, building design, housing adaptation, safe environment, residences, building permit documents, outdoor environment.