Syftet med studien var att kartlägga vilka förutsättningar boendestödjare i Värmland och Dalsland har att hantera sina arbetsuppgifter utifrån kompetens och evidens. Vi använde oss av en kvantitativ metod och gruppenkäter för att kunna göra denna kartläggning. Studien riktade sig till enhetschefer inom socialpsykiatrin samt dess personal som jobbar inom boendestöd mot brukare med egen bostad. Två enkäter gjordes varav den ena riktades mot enhetscheferna och den andra mot personal. Totalt tillfrågades 23 kommuner att delta i studien och av de svarade 17 kommuner på enkäterna vilket ger en svarsfrekvens på 74 %. Svarsfrekvensen bland boendestödjarna var 63 %. Studien ger en överblick hur verksamheterna inom boendestöd i Värmland och Dalsland arbetar med kompetens och evidens. Studiens resultat visade att majoriteten av personal inom boendestöd i Värmland och Dalsland hade den utbildning som fanns att tillgå för att jobba inom socialpsykiatrin, vilket är vård- och omsorgsutbildning. För att få reda på hur det ser ut med kompetensutveckling i kommunerna slogs tre frågor samman och bildade ett index. De flesta kommuner i studien hade kompetensutvecklingsplaner och studien visade ingen skillnad mellan stora och små kommuner. Personalen hade en positiv attityd till hur genomförandeplaner används. När det gäller att arbeta med ny forskning bör det enligt studiens resultat ske en förändring då det var få som hade en positiv attityd till hur ny forskning tas in i arbetet. / The purpose of the study was to identify preconditions for housing support within competence and evidence- based work in Värmland and Dalsland. We used a quantitative method with questionnaires. The study was directed to unit managers in social psychiatry and its staff working in housing support for clients in their own homes. Two questionnaires were maid, one which was directed to unit managers and the other towards staff. A total of 23 municipalities were asked to participate in the study and of the 17 municipalities that responded to the questionnaire giving a response rate of 74%. The response among using support was 63%. The study provides an overview how competence and evidence- based work are used of housing support in Värmland and Dalsland. The results of the study show that the majority of staff in housing support in Värmland and Dalsland has the education that is available to work in social psychiatry, which is health and social care education. Most municipalities in the study has development plans, and there is no difference between large and small municipalities. The test gave a positive result showing a high reliability value. The staff had a positive attitude towards the execution plans used in work. When it comes to working with new research a change should take place according to the result of the study because the attitude was not positive how new research are used in work.

The feedback is a central component of medical education. Unfortunately, medical teachers often believe that provide adequate feedback to students. But several studies show confl icting results. The aim of this paper is to review the main concepts associated to feedback in clinical education as part of the teaching–learning process. / Revisión por pares

Orientador: Wilza Carla Spiri / Resumo: Introdução: a Liderança Transformacional (LT) é um processo em que o líder é capaz de compreender a importância do seu papel como agente de mudanças e transformação nas organizações. Conduz a equipe na realização de mudanças positivas e na forma como desempenham suas atividades. Assume responsabilidades, oferece aos liderados conhecimento e fortalecimento, conduzindo-os na motivação, empoderamento, busca de desafios, visibilidade e desenvolvimento de forma a modificar comportamentos, formando profissionais e pessoas focados para melhores resultados por meio de seus próprios exemplos e atitudes. Objetivo: compreender o significado de LT e propor um ambiente de aprendizagem por meio de uma intervenção educativa com discussão de temas sobre liderança. Método: Realizado em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa adotou-se a análise de conteúdo como estratégia metodológica, segundo o referencial de Graneheim e Ludman. A segunda etapa utilizou a pesquisa-ação como estratégia de construção coletiva de uma intervenção educativa para a reflexão sobre a prática gerencial e sua interface com a liderança transformacional. O cenário da pesquisa foi a rede de urgência e emergência de um município paulista. Os participantes foram os nove enfermeiros que ocupavam a posição de gerentes, três desses eram enfermeiros assistenciais que substituem os gerentes das unidades de Pronto Atendimento e do Pronto Socorro Municipal. Todos os participantes eram do sexo feminino, com tempo na função variando de três... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

Introduction Nursing is a independent scientific discipline with one main aim: maintain and support health of population. Nursing care is performed by skilled nurse using nursing techniques. Particular nursing techniques are always modified by current state of health and needs of patient. Together with other disciplines, also nursing must refect changes of the modern age. Nursing practice and theory lead to qualitative changes by implementing of evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice in nursing is process connecting best nursing experience and expertise of nurses, which together determine the optimal care. Goals of the thesis To complete this thesis, three goals were determined. Firts goal was to find out, what was the source of particular nursing techniques performed by nurses. Second goal was to find out, if "good practise" was used when performing particular nursing techniques. Last goal was to fin out, what was the general knowedge of the "evidence based practise" phrase among nurses. Materials and methods Research investigation of the thesis was performed using the methods of qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research was perfefomed using the questionnaires distributed among general nurses working at inpatient wards. Results of research were evaluated using graphs and tables. Pearson´s chi square test was used for statistical processing. Qualitative research was executed using the direct observation method. Six different categories were set. Data were colected to record form, which was later on used for analysis of observed figures. Observation was focused on comprehensive hygienic care, divided into following categories: oral hygiene, care of hospital clothing, bathing of not self-sufficient patient, care of nails, skin and washing the hair. Results Results of the thesis allowed to clarify links between performing the hygiene care and evidence-based practise / good practise. These results can also be used as a contribution on coferences regarding this topic and as a material in teaching the nursing. Using the statistically preocessed data, hypotehsis were evaluated. H1: General nurses perform particular nuring techniques more based on habitual practise of their department than on local professional health care standards. H1 was confirmed. H2: General nurses perform particular nursing techniques more based on habitual practise of their department then on EBN. H2 was confirmed. H3: General nurses with the bachelors or masters degree have better awareness of EBN than nurses witout university degree. H3 was confirmed. Research question was asked - What is the role of EBN in particular nursing techniques? Observation study revealed that EBN is not of high importance in performing nursing hygiene care. Conclusion Thesis could highlight weaknesses in providing hygienic care and evidenced based nursing. It could also inspire all who perform their job with joy and respect and wish all the best for their patients. Last but not least, thesis could inspire all who want to provide fist-rate and safe care and leave the work with self-satisfaction.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2018. / Background ABSTRACT In the chiropractic profession, it has been an established goal to utilise evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical practice in order to empower chiropractors to develop effective treatment protocols. However, the extent to which chiropractors are utilising EBP, and the factors associated with its implementation in practice is unknown. The lack of research in this regard suggests that further studies need to be undertaken within the chiropractic profession in South Africa in order to fully understand the relationship of factors which contribute to the adoption and application of EBP by chiropractors in clinical practice. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of, attitudes towards, perceptions of and perceived barriers towards EBP by chiropractors within the eThekwini municipality. Method A pre-validated cross sectional descriptive survey was administered to chiropractors practicing within the eThekwini municipality (n = 101) by hand delivery. The questionnaire was validated by means of a focus group and pilot testing. Participants gave informed consent prior to participation. Data were analysed using using SPSS Statistics 24.0 and Statgraphics Centurion 15.1 (2006) to determine the descriptive and inferential statistics while the open- ended questions were analysed qualitatively using manifest coding. Results A response rate of 51% (n=51) was obtained. The majority of respondents were male (51%), mean age of 37.8 years, practicing for less than 19 years, working in full time practice (76.5%) between 40 and 49 hours per week (45.1%). The majority of the respondents had a positive attitude and perception towards EBP with respondents showing a willingness to improve skills (72.6%) and utilisation (52.9%) of EBP. Respondent 15 explained that “it is very important to have the skills in order to utilise EBP. Once you have the skills, utilising EBP becomes easy”. Responses highlighted that respondents are engaging with scientific literature when necessary and possess the skills necessary to utilise EBP. The majority of respondents believe that they had a strong academic foundation in their knowledge and skills related to accessing and interpreting information, yet 47.1% reported not having received formal training in search strategies to access literature. However, most felt confident about their knowledge and skills to utilise EBP. Insufficient time (66.7%), lack of generalisability of the literature findings to their patient population (49.0%) and the inability to apply research findings to individual patients with unique characteristics (45.1%) were the three top barriers identified. Respondent 12 described: “most articles are vague or time consuming and searching for relevant, up to date and reliable articles is a difficult process that can take a lot of time” as a possible barrier to utilising EBP. Conclusion The respondents in this study had a favourable attitude towards, and perception of, EBP and its usefulness to chiropractic practice. However, like other healthcare professionals they felt that they had insufficient time to utilise EBP. This study also highlighted the importance of academic institutions providing the necessary skills required to utilise EBP. It is recommended that workshops focusing on EBP principles and training are arranged to assist practitioners in integrating EBP into practice / M

O transplante de fígado é uma modalidade terapêutica utilizada em pacientes portadores de doença hepática terminal, quando não há mais nenhum outro tratamento capaz de reverter as alterações da doença no organismo. A complexidade desta modalidade terapêutica exige a formação de uma equipe multidisciplinar para o atendimento do paciente e familiares. O enfermeiro é responsável pelo planejamento da assistência de enfermagem, no período perioperatório; entretanto, observamos a escassez de produção científica nesta área, o que nos motivou para a realização deste estudo. A prática baseada em evidências consiste no referencial teórico-metodológico adotado, e a revisão integrativa da literatura é o método de pesquisa selecionado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo buscar e avaliar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o conhecimento científico produzido, relacionado ao cuidado de enfermagem prestado ao paciente adulto submetido ao transplante de fígado, no período perioperatório. As bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Cinahl foram utilizadas para a busca dos estudos, cuja amostra foi de 20 artigos científicos. Os resultados evidenciaram que o enfermeiro atua nas diferentes fases do período perioperatório, por meio da realização de cuidados de enfermagem direcionados para o preparo do paciente visando o procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico, a prevenção e a detecção precoce de complicações pós-operatórias, e para a orientação do paciente em relação a recuperação e reabilitação dos pacientes. Além disso, o enfermeiro atua no suporte nutricional e emocional do paciente, e desempenha, ainda, um importante papel no ensino da terapêutica imunossupressora, e na conscientização dos pacientes para a adesão ao regime terapêutico. Ao finalizarmos este estudo esperamos ter fornecido subsídios para a melhoria da prática perioperatória e estimulado os enfermeiros no desenvolvimento de pesquisas relacionadas ao transplante de fígado. / Liver transplantation is a therapeutic modality applicable to patients affected by end-stage hepatic diseases when there is no other available treatment capable of reversing the alterations in the organism caused by them. The complexity of this therapeutic modality requires the establishment of a multidisciplinary team for patient and family support. The nurse is responsible for planning the nursing assistance to be given during the perioperative period; nevertheless, we observed a lack of scientific production in this field, which stimulated the accomplishment of this study. Evidence based practice consists in the theoretical and methodological basis and the integrative literature review in the selected research method adopted for this work. The present study aimed at searching and evaluating the evidences available in literature concerning the scientific knowledge produced regarding nursing care delivered during the perioperative period to adult patient submitted to liver transplantation. Lilacs, Medline and Cinahl databases were searched for studies, which resulted in a sample composed of 20 scientific papers. The results evidenced that the nurse plays an important part in the different stages of the perioperative period, delivering nursing care addressed to preparing the patient to the anesthetic-surgical procedure, prevention and early detection of postoperative complications, and to the patient education regarding his recovery and rehabilitation. In addition, the nurse acts in the nutritional and emotional support of the patient and also fulfills an important role in instructing patients about the immunosuppressive therapeutics and making them aware of the need of adhering to the therapeutics regimen. Our expectation is that this study provides resources required for the improvement of perioperative practice and stimulates the nurses to conduct researches related to liver transplantation.

A complexidade do diagnóstico de enfermagem de Retenção Urinária (RU) requer do enfermeiro pensamento crítico bem-sucedido. Os protocolos assistenciais enfatizam o desenvolvimento de um diagnóstico de enfermagem assertivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo a luz das melhores evidências científicas, propor e validar protocolo de avaliação clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem de RU em pacientes adultos. Estudo realizado em duas fases. Na fase 1 foram realizadas duas revisões de literatura pelas normas do Instituto Joanna Briggs, uma Scoping Review baseada na pergunta \"Quais as práticas utilizadas para o diagnóstico de pacientes em retenção urinária?\" e uma Revisão Sistemática com base na pergunta \"Qual a eficácia do uso do ultrassom portátil de bexiga na avaliação da RU em pacientes adultos?\". Para as revisões foi utilizada a estratégia PICO, e as seguintes bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Web of Science, National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library e SCOPUS. Na fase 2 foi realizado um estudo descritivo, do tipo metodológico, com abordagem quantitativa de desenvolvimento e validação de protocolo. Para a construção do protocolo, foi utilizada a revisão sistemática da literatura (fase 1) e para validação do protocolo utilizou-se a técnica Delphi em duas rodadas, em que profissionais especialistas na área avaliaram o protocolo proposto com auxílio de um instrumento de avaliação. Utilizou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) para validação. Os resultados da Scoping Review foram oriundos de 23 artigos, os quais foram agrupados de acordo com a clínica do paciente em clínica cirúrgica, clínica de reabilitação e clínica obstétrica. As práticas utilizadas para o diagnóstico da RU encontradas foram o cateterismo urinário de alívio, o uso do ultrassom portátil de bexiga, o uso do ultrassom portátil de bexiga associado ao cateterismo urinário e medidas não invasivas. A revisão sistemática incluiu dez estudos os quais demonstraram que o ultrassom portátil de bexiga é um instrumento eficaz e confiável para avaliação da RU em pacientes em processo de reabilitação e pós-operatório. O protocolo foi construído nos achados da revisão e validado por peritos brasileiros e portugueses em duas rodadas com alto índice de IVC. A prática baseada em evidências contribui para a reflexão e a qualificação das práticas de enfermagem. Nesse estudo embasaram a construção de um protocolo de diagnóstico de enfermagem RU em pacientes adultos / The complexity of the Urinary Retention (UR) nursing diagnosis requires successful critical thinking nurse. The care protocols emphasize the development of an assertive nursing diagnosis. This study had as objective the light of the best scientific evidence, to propose and to validate protocol of clinical evaluation for the diagnosis of UR nursing in adult patients. This study was carried out in two phases. In Phase 1, two literature reviews were conducted by the Joanna Briggs Institute, a Scoping Review based on the question \"What are the practices used for the diagnosis of patients in urinary retention?\" and a Systematic Review based on the question \"How effective is the Use of bladder portable ultrasound in the UR evaluation in adult patients? \". For the reviews, the PICO strategy was used, and the following databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Web of Science, National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library and SCOPUS. Phase 2 shows a descriptive methodological study with a quantitative approach to protocol development and validation. For the construction of the protocol, a systematic review of the literature (Phase 1) was used, and for the validation of the protocol, the Delphi technique was used in two rounds, in which expert professionals in the area evaluated the proposed protocol with the aid of an evaluation instrument. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used for validation. The results of the Scoping Review came from 23 articles, which were grouped according to the patient\'s clinic in the surgical clinic, rehabilitation clinic and obstetric clinic. The practices used for the diagnosis of UR were: urinary catheterization of relief, use of portable bladder ultrasound, use of portable ultrasound of the bladder associated with urinary catheterization and non- invasive measures. The systematic review included ten studies which demonstrated that portable bladder ultrasound is an efficient and reliable instrument for UR assessment in patients in the rehabilitation and postoperative process. The protocol was built on the findings of the review and validated by Brazilian and Portuguese experts in two rounds with a high CVI index. Evidence-based practice contributes to the reflection and qualification of nursing practices. In this study, we based the construction of an UR nursing diagnosis protocol in adult patients

Introdução: As taxas de episiotomia e lacerações perineais espontâneas no parto normal apresentam grande variação entre os diferentes serviços. Esses traumas perineais e as morbidades relacionadas podem ser prevenidos ou reduzidos com a adoção de práticas baseadas em evidências científicas na assistência ao parto e no reparo perineal. Embora existam evidências científicas bem estabelecidas sobre prevenção e reparo do trauma perineal no parto, em nosso meio faltam estudos sobre a implementação destas evidências na prática. Objetivo geral: Promover as melhores práticas baseadas em evidências científicas para prevenção e reparo do trauma perineal no parto normal. Objetivos específicos: 1) Avaliar a prática corrente na prevenção e reparo do trauma perineal no parto normal; 2) Implementar as melhores práticas baseadas em evidências científicas para prevenção e reparo do trauma perineal no parto normal; 3) Avaliar o impacto da implementação dessas práticas nos desfechos maternos. Método: Estudo de intervenção quase experimental, tipo antes e depois, segundo a metodologia de implementação de evidências na prática clínica do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Foi conduzido no Hospital da Mulher Mãe Luzia, em Macapá, AP. Foram realizadas 74 entrevistas com enfermeiros e médicos obstetras e residentes de ambas as categorias e 70 entrevistas com mulheres que deram à luz nesse local. Foram também analisados dados de prontuários (n=555). Foi realizada uma intervenção educativa, por meio de um seminário para os profissionais, com a finalidade de apresentar e discutir as evidências científicas disponíveis e as melhores práticas em relação ao cuidado perineal no parto. O estudo foi realizado em três fases: pré-auditoria e auditoria de base (fase 1); implementação de boas práticas (fase 2, que corresponde à intervenção educativa); auditoria pósimplementação (fase 3). Os dados foram analisados mediante a comparação entre os resultados das fases 1 e 3, com nível de significância de 5%. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo. Resultados: Em relação aos profissionais, a comparação entre as fases 1 e 3 mostrou que houve aumento da proporção de profissionais que raramente ou nunca incentivam o puxo dirigido (55,0% versus 81,2%; p=0,009), restringem a realização da episiotomia (83,3% versus 96,9%; p=0,021) e deixam as lacerações de primeiro grau sem reparo (61,9% versus 81,2%; p=0,011). Em relação às puérperas entrevistadas, além da posição litotômica no parto ter sido apontada pela maioria das mulheres na fase 1 (77,1%), foi também a mais frequente na fase 3 (97,1%), com diferença estatística significante (p=0,028). Quanto à dor perineal após o parto (períodos de 1-2 dias, 10-12 dias e 30 dias), a frequência diminuiu no decorrer do pós-parto (94,0%, 66,7% e 63,6%, respectivamente, em cada período, na fase 1, e 79,0%, 57,1% e 38,5%, respectivamente, em cada período, na fase 3), com diferença estatisticamente para os diferentes períodos (p=0,019), mas sem diferença entre as fases 1 e 3. Os dados de prontuário das puérperas mostraram que menos mulheres tiveram a laceração perineal suturada (92,0%, na fase 1, e 82,1%, na fase 3; p=0,039) e mais profissionais utilizaram o fio ácido poliglicólico ou poliglactina 910 na mucosa (4,8%, na fase 1, e 28,1%, na fase 3; p=0,006) e na pele (10,2%, na fase 1, e 25,0%, na fase 3; p=0,033). Em relação às demais práticas e desfechos analisados, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante antes e após a intervenção educativa. Conclusão: A metodologia de implementação de práticas baseadas em evidências científicas melhorou os cuidados e os desfechos perineais, incluindo menos profissionais enfermeiros e médicos que realizam puxos dirigidos e episiotomia de rotina e mais registros nos prontuários do uso do fio de sutura ácido poliglicólico ou poliglactina 910 na mucosa e na pele. Por outro lado, a pesquisa identificou lacunas na implementação de evidências e algumas inadequações no manejo do cuidado perineal, tais como, relatos de puérperas submetidas à posição de litotomia e falta de registros nos prontuários em relação à sutura das lacerações perineais. A continuidade das auditorias e novas intervenções educativas sobre a prática baseada em evidências podem melhorar o cuidado e os resultados de saúde materna. / Introduction: Episiotomy rates and spontaneous perineal trauma in normal birth have considerable variation among different health care services. These perineal traumas and related morbidity may be prevented or restricted adopting evidence-based practices during childbirth and perineal repair. Although the well established evidence on perineal trauma prevention and repair, in Brazil there are few studies on the implementation of this evidence in practice. Objectives: Promote the best evidence-based practices for perineal trauma prevention and repair in normal birth; Assess the current practice in perineal trauma prevention and repair in normal birth; Implement the best evidence-based practices on perineal trauma prevention and repair in normal birth; Assess the impact of these implementation on maternal outcomes. Methods: Quasi-experimental intervention study before and after, according to Institute Joanna Briggs methodology implementation of evidence in clinical practice. It was conducted 74 interviews with nurses, obstetricians, residents of both categories and 70 with post-partum women who have had birth at Hospital da Mulher Mãe Luzia, in Macapá, AP, Brazil. It was also analyzed 555 patient data records. The educational intervention was a seminar for professionals, to present and discuss the best evidence-based practice available in relation to perineal care during labour and birth. The study was conducted in three stages: pre-audit and base audit (phase 1); implementation of best practices (phase 2: educational intervention); post-implementation audit (phase 3). Data were analysed comparing the results of phases 1 and 3, with significance level of 5%. The Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo approved the study. Results: Concerning professionals, the comparison between phases 1 and 3 showed an increased proportion of professionals who rarely or never encourage direct pushing (55.0% versus 81.2%; p=0.009), perform episiotomy (83.3% versus 96.9%; p=0.021) and leave first-degree lacerations without repairing (61.9% versus 81.3%; p=0.011). Concerning post-partum women, besides the lithotomy position have been most frequent referred by women in the phase 1 (77.1%), it was also the most frequent position in phase 3 (97.1%), with statistical difference (p=0.028). Related to perineal pain 1-2 days, 10-12 days and 30 days after childbirth, the frequency decreased (94.0%, 66.7% and 63.6%, respectively, in each period, in phase 1, and 79.0%, 57.1% and 38.5%, respectively, in each period in phase 3), with statistical difference considering all periods (p=0.019), but no difference between phases 1 and 3. Concerning patient data records, less women had perineal lacerations sutured (92.0%, in phase 1, and 82.1%, in phase 3; p=0.039) and more women had perineal mucosa (4.8%, in phase 1, and 28.1%, in phase 3; p=0.006) and perineal skin (10.2%, in phase 1, and 25.0%, in phase 3; p=0.033) sutured by polyglycolic acid and polyglactin 910. Concerning other analyzed practices and outcomes, no one had statistical significant difference before and after the educational intervention. Conclusion: The evidence-based practice implementation methodology improved the childbirth care and perineal outcomes, such as less nurses and obstetricians performing directed pushes and routine episiotomies, and more records about the use of polyglycolic acid and polyglactin 910 to suture perineal mucosa and skin. On the other hand, it was identified gaps in evidence implementation and some inappropriate perineal care management, such as women submitted to lithotomy position during birth and lack of records in suturing perineal tears. On-going audits and educational interventions on evidence-based practice can improve the childbirth care and maternal outcomes.

Background: Mentoring is an intervention for implementing evidence into practice, but little is known about this intervention. The overall aim of this dissertation was to examine mentoring as a knowledge translation (KT) intervention to inform clinical practice. Methods: 1) A systematic review was used to determine the effectiveness of mentoring as a KT intervention. 2) An interpretive descriptive qualitative study was conducted to explore the use of mentoring in the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario’s Best Practice Guidelines Implementation/ Knowledge Transfer Fellowship program. Findings: 1) Of 10,669 citations from 1988 to 2012, 10 studies were eligible. Findings showed that mentoring alone (n = 1 study) improved one behavioral outcome. When mentoring was used as part of a multi-faceted intervention (n = 9), there were various effects on knowledge, beliefs/attitudes, use of research evidence in clinical practice, and the impacts on healthcare professionals, patients and organizations. 2) Qualitative interviews with 6 fellows, 8 mentors and 4 program leaders revealed that mentoring involved building relationships, establishing a learning plan, and using teaching and learning activities. Mentors were described as accessible, dedicated, and having expertise; fellows were described as dedicated, self-directed, and having mixed levels of expertise. Mentoring was described as positively impacting upon mentoring relationships, fellows, mentors, and organizations. Participants reported no negative outcomes. Conclusion: Mentoring was used as a KT intervention to support the implementation of evidence into clinical practice. The systematic review and qualitative study findings informed the Mentoring for Guideline Implementation model. Mentoring involved mentees selecting more experienced mentors who provided individualized support based on mentees’ learning needs, which resulted in mutual benefits for mentees and mentors. Future research is required to validate this new mentoring model, develop an instrument to measure the mentor-mentee relationship, and evaluate the effectiveness of mentoring as a KT intervention for guideline implementation in nursing.

The aim of this study was to conduct an overview of what research says about the preventive work against juvenile delinquency, what the preventive work looks like in practice and to understand the role research has in the practical crime prevention. The study is a qualitative literature review based on scientific articles, reports, research-based literature, public documents and publications from various institutions.    Results shows a big emphasis on evidence-based practice in social work. The Crime Prevention Council and the National Board of Social Work are two institutions that conduct and distribute research to other workers, in aim to ensure an evidence-based practice. Furthermore, police and social services have different methods/programs and actions with elements of what research shows are effective ways to work preventively against juvenile delinquency. Research also emphasized that the school has great potential to work preventively, however lack a formal assignment to do so. Lastly, the collaboration between different actors is of importance in order to increase the quality of the prevention work.    The conclusions are that the prevention work against juvenile delinquency needs to be based on research, but not blindly guided by it. Schools should be given more resources in the prevention work and a continued collaboration is needed to manage the complex processes in the preventive work against juvenile delinquency. / Syftet med studien var att utföra en kunskapsöversikt för vad forskning säger om det förebyggande arbetet mot ungdomsbrottslighet, hur det förebyggande arbetet ser ut i det praktiska arbetet och att förstå rollen forskning har i det praktiska brottsförebyggande arbetet. Studien är en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt som bygger på vetenskapliga artiklar, rapporter, forskningsbaserad litteratur samt offentliga dokument och publikationer från olika institutioner.     Resultatet visar en större betoning på en evidensbaserad praktik i socialt arbete. Brottsförebyggande rådet och Socialstyrelsen är två institutioner som bedriver och sprider forskning till andra aktörer i syfte att försäkra en evidensbaserad praktik. Vidare har polisen och socialtjänsten olika metoder/program och insatser med inslag av vad forskning visar är effektiva sätt att arbeta förebyggande mot ungdomsbrottslighet. Forskning betonar även att skolan har stor potential att arbeta förebyggande, men dock saknar de ett formellt uppdrag att göra det. Avslutningsvis är samverkan mellan olika aktörer viktiga för att kunna öka kvaliteten av det förebyggande arbetet.     Slutsatserna är att det förebyggande arbetet mot ungdomsbrottslighet behöver grunda sig på forskning, men inte enbart styras utav det. Skolor borde få mer resurser i det förebyggande arbetet och en fortsatt samverkan behövs för att hantera de komplexa processerna i det förebyggande arbetet mot ungdomsbrottslighet.