Te aim of the research dissertation thesis is to introduce transactional analysis as a practi- cal tool applicable for efective communication with clients in low-threshold addictology services. Te main objective is the discovery of ego-states that clients use in communication with employees, determining the representation of individual ego-states at both client and employee side. A partial goal is to observe the methods of communication with the client, which lead to the provision of services in the framework of Adult to Adult transactions. Te output usable in real life is a manual of communication between employees and clients using principles of transaction analysis. Te research group consists of 88 observed, recorded and evaluated interviews between employees and clients of the low-threshold addictology service Drop In Prevention and Treatment of Drug Addiction Center, specifcally in the Drop In Low-threshold Center. Tey were active users of illegal addictive substances who have requested some service from the spectrum of harm reduction services at the time of the research. Te thesis uses qualitative research in the form of text and word analysis used in the com- munication of clients and employees in the Drop In Low-threshold Center with the aim of capturing the usual communication...

Background: In recent years, a new generation has rapidly entered the workforce and when this happens it is assumed that some level of disruption will come along. Since Generation Z have only been in the workforce for short amount of time, there is a lack of crucial research regarding their perceived experiences. Because different generations are assumed to have different values, a prominent challenge for organizations is how to correctly lead them. In other words, leadership preferences may differ when a new generation comes into play. Problem: As of today, there is a substantial knowledge gap regarding Generation Z preferred leadership styles among entry-level jobs. This knowledge gap can cause devastating effects for future organizations. Generation Z is a force to be reckoned with and shall soon become a prevailing member of the labor market in the near future. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the Swedish Generation Z preferred leadership styles, based on lived experiences in an entry-level job and to what extent they prefer transformational, transactional or laissez-faire leadership. The findings are expected to contribute to existing and new theoretical insights regarding Gen Z leadership preferences. Method: The research was conducted through seven qualitative semi-structured, open-ended interviews, which were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results: The findings described Generation Z ideal leader based on their thoughts and lived experiences. Gen Z prefers a leader that displays individual consideration, inspires followers and acts as a role model. These characteristics traits bare close resemblance of a transformational leader compared to transactional or laissez-fair leader. Acknowledging these results could contribute to a competitive advantage for organizations during their recruitment and development phase of Gen Z employees.

Sjukvården är idag ett av de viktigaste samhällsproblemen och som dessutom ständigt möter nya utmaningar. En av utmaningarna som ledarskapet inom sjukvården måste hantera är behovet av att öka både produktivitet och effektivitet. Valet av ledarskapsstil har intresserat forskare sedan långt tillbaka men har under de senaste årtionden uppmärksammats igen i och med idén om att ledarskapet kan ha inverkan på organisationens måluppfyllelse. Det ligger i vårt intresse att undersöka ledarskapsstilar inom den svenska sjukvården och hur dess egenskaper kan användas i olika sammanhang inom organisationen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera befintliga ledarskapsstilar inom den svenska sjukvården och hur de används i olika syften.   Studien har genomförts genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Primärdata utgår från sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter från två olika sjukhus inom region Värmland, och sekundärdata baseras på vetenskapliga artiklar. I teorin beskrivs tidigare forskning om de utvalda ledarskapsstilarna, generellt men även baserat på tidigare forskning inom sjukvården. Resultatet från intervjuerna genererade tre teman: Transaktionellt ledarskap, transformativt ledarskap och tjänande ledarskap. För varje tema presenteras egenskaper representativt för var och en av ledarskapsstilarna och vad egenskaperna i sin tur har för effekt på efterföljarna. Resultatet analyserades och jämfördes med tidigare forskning. Vår slutsats är att valet av ledarskapsstil har varierande inverkan på efterföljaren och därmed kan egenskaperna för respektive ledarskapsstil användas strategiskt beroende på vilken effekt som eftersträvas. / Healthcare today is one of the most important societal problems. It´s also constantly facing new challenges. One of the challenges today is to produce productivity and efficiency, leadership is considered to be a key factor in this matter. The choice of which leadership style is the best has interested researchers for a long time but has in recent decades attracted attention again with the idea that leadership has impact on the organization’s goal completion. It is in our interest to investigate leadership styles in Swedish healthcare and how its characteristics can be used to achieve different purposes within the organization.  This survey was conducted through a qualitative interview study and the primary data is based on seven semi-structured interviews from two different hospitals in the Värmland region, while the secondary data is based on scientific articles. Our results are presented in three themes: transactionally leadership, transformative leadership and servant leadership. For each of the themes we present characteristics representative of each leadership style and what effect the properties in turn have on the successors. The result was analysed and compared with previous research. Our conclusion is that the choice of leadership style has varying effects on the successor and thus the characteristics of each leadership style can be used strategically depending on the effect one strives for.

The new economy is characterised by globalisation, increased competition, and rapid changes. In order to remain competitive, organisations need to be proactive and innovative to survive. This is mirrored in the South African retail industry which is developing into a dynamic industry driven by changes in technology, shifts in consumer behaviour, saturating markets, and increased competition as a result of globalisation. In light of these increased demands on organisations to be more flexible, adaptable, and competitive, new demands have subsequently been placed on leaders. The retail industry is highly labour-intensive and requires effective leadership at all levels, and Transformational Leadership (TL) has been shown to be an effective leadership style to improve various organisational outcomes. In recent years, personality has been used as a means to predict TL behaviours in leaders. One model of personality that has proved its utility in identifying leadership characteristics has been the Five Factor Model of Personality. However, not much is known about the relationship between TL and the Big Five personality factors in the retail industry. The current study utilised a quantitative research approach in which 101 leaders in a retail organisation in South Africa were assessed on TL and the Big Five personality factors, using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and the Fifteen Factor Plus Personality Questionnaire. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the statistical relationship between TL and the Big Five personality factors. Results indicated that there were no statistically significant relationships between three of the Big Five personality factors, namely extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness, and any of the TL dimensions or the composite TL score. There are two statistically significant relationships between one Big Five personality factor, namely agreeableness, and two TL dimensions, namely inspirational motivation (.196; p < .05), and individualised consideration (.200; p < .05). Only one Big Five personality factor, namely emotional stability, is statistically significantly related to all the TL dimensions as well as the composite TL score, ranging from a low of .539 (p < .01) for idealised behaviour to a high of .556 (p < .01) for the composite TL score. The study concluded that the Big Five personality factors should be used with caution to identify and develop potential TL behaviours in the diverse South African retail context. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Problem of catalog objectives in digital environment: development and trends in building library catalogs from the bibliographic point of view PhDr. Barbora Drobíková Abstract The aim of the thesis is to explore current trends in building library catalogs from the bibliographic point of view. It focuses on formulation and exploration of trends in bibliography which may influence the library catalogs in near future. The introductory part defines several basic terms. It deals with the catalog objectives and methodological and technological questions in brief. Larger chapters describe the conceptual models FRBR, FRAD and FRSAD and studies which bring these models. These studies show a new view on objectives of bibliographic and authority records, therefore on library catalogs objectives too. This part is closed by an own analysis of these models, their comparison with the object-oriented model FRBRoo including a proposal of FRAD's and FRSAD's implementation into an object-oriented form. Next chapters focus on the relation of bibliography and semantic web and especially on questions connected with a change of bibliographic paradigma and paradigma of the bibliographic control which are to occur with new semantic web technologies. The semantic web can enable new contexts of using of bibliographic data and...

Microprocessors have experienced a significant stall in single-thread performance since about 2004. Instead of significant annual performance improvements for a single core, it is easier to increase performance by providing multiple, independent cores that the application programmer has to coordinate. Exposing concurrency to the applications requires mechanisms to control it. Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) is an abstraction that provides optimistic, fine-grained concurrency control with a simple application interface, and has received significant research attentions fro 2004 - 2010, with initial publications in the mid-90s. The central thesis of my work is that detailed analysis and ISA modelling of HTM is necessary to understand actual implementation and usage challenges, and get more realistic results. Instead of overly complicating the design of HTM with features that would be extremely hard to implement right in a more detailed microarchitecture and ISA proposal, I suggest that getting a base-line HTM specification and micro-architecture right is a challenge in itself. Yet, despite the complexity, there are interesting implementation options and extensions that can provide benefits to applications using HTM–but they are not on the trajectory taken by most papers published between 2004 and 2010.

La investigación académica tiene como propósito explicar cuál es la relación entre el liderazgo y la motivación en las microempresas del sector de autopartes y accesorios en la ciudad de Cusco - Perú. Para lograr con el objetivo, se desarrolla un estudio cuantitativo correlacional y se describen los principales estilos de liderazgo y teorías de la motivación, el cual tiene como referencia al estudio realizado por los autores Specchia et al. (2021), un trabajo que muestra las correlaciones de cada tipo de liderazgo con la satisfacción laboral. Para obtener el resultado de la presente investigación se ha relacionado el liderazgo con la motivación que tienen las microempresas del sector autopartes y se busca conocer cuál es el estilo de liderazgo que prevalece en el sector de autopartes actualmente y cómo influye ello en la motivación de los colaboradores. Por último, el estudio ha concluido que existe relación considerable entre el liderazgo y la motivación, además el estilo de liderazgo transformacional y liberal presentan también relación con la variable motivación. / The purpose of the academic research is to explain the relationship between leadership and motivation in micro-enterprises in the auto parts and accessories sector in the city of Cusco - Peru. To achieve the objective, a quantitative correlational study is developed and the main leadership styles and motivation theories are described, which has as reference the study carried out by the authors Specchia et al. (2021), a study that shows the correlations of each type of leadership with job satisfaction. To obtain the result of the present investigation, leadership has been related to the motivation of micro-enterprises in the auto parts sector and it is sought to know what is the style of leadership that currently prevails in the auto parts sector and how this influences the motivation of employees. Finally, the study has concluded that there is a considerable relationship between leadership and motivation, in addition to the transformational and liberal leadership style also present a relationship with the variable motivation. / Tesis

El siguiente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad estudiar la relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y el desempeño de los equipos de Dota 2 en la Liga Regional Sudamericana en el 2021, en específico, a los jugadores y equipos que participaron de las clasificatorias abiertas de la competencia. Dentro del estudio, abordaremos tres estilos de liderazgo: Transformacional, transaccional y el laissez-faire y dos tipos de desempeño: Por competencias y por resultados. Consideramos que en un Esports como es Dota 2, es importante estudiar y analizar qué relación puede tener el capitán del equipo y de qué manera esto impacta en los resultados de estos. Consideramos pertinente estudiar la industria de los Esports dado que en el Perú no hay actualmente investigaciones relacionadas y, debido al COVID-19, se ha incrementado mucho la participación y creación de nuevos equipos, nuevas competencias que son dignas de ser estudiadas a manera académica. Asimismo, el autor Renato Valladares Del Carpio, viene trabajando en la industria desde el 2018 y teníamos las herramientas suficientes para realizar el estudio. / The following research work aims to study the relationship between leadership styles and the performance of Dota 2 teams in the South American Regional League in 2021, specifically, to the players and teams that participated in the open qualifiers of the competition. Within the study, we will address three styles of leadership: Transformational, transactional and laissez-faire and two types of performance: By competencies and by results. We consider that in an Esport such as Dota 2, it is important to study and analyze what relationship the team captain has and how this impacts their results. We consider it pertinent to study the Esports industry given that there are currently no related investigations in Peru and, due to COVID-19, the participation and creation of new teams has increased a lot, new competitions that are worthy of being studied in an academic way. Likewise, the author Renato Valladares Del Carpio, has been working in the industry since 2018 and we had enough tools to carry out the study. / Tesis

Det finns flera ledarskapsarketyper, några mer välkända än andra. En ledarstil som harstuderats under lång tid är den auktoritära som i korta drag kan beskrivas som enväldig och kontrollerande. Syftet i denna kvalitativa studie är att utforska den auktoritära ledarskapsstilen och finna paralleller mellan managementlitteratur och framställningen av en fiktiv auktoritärledare. För att besvara våra frågeställningar har vi utifrån relevant managementlitteratur tagit fram en analysmodell. Med hjälp av den framtagna modellen har vi analyserat en fiktiv ledare och visat hur en tv-serie framställer den auktoritära ledarens handlingar och vilka effekter dennes agerande får hos de ledda. Vår studie visar att det finns kopplingar mellanporträtteringen av den auktoritära ledaren i managementlitteratur, och den auktoritära ledaren i fiktionen. Uppsatsens språk är svenska. / There are several leadership archetypes, some more well known than others. A leadership style which has been studied for a long time is the authoritarian. It can briefly be described as sovereign and controlling. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the authoritarian leadership style and find parallels between management literature and the portrayal of a fictitious authoritarian leader. To answer our questions we have developed a model based on relevant management literature. With the help of the developed model we have analyzed a fictitious leader. We demonstrate how a television series depicts the actions of the authoritarian leader and the effects his actions have on his subordinates. Our study shows that there are links between the portrayal of the authoritarian leader in management literature and the authoritarian leader in fiction. The language of the essay is Swedish.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters in Communication Science in the Department of Communication Science at the University of Zululand, 2017 / The growing power of shopping centres within communities has changed the economic landscape and has also attracted concerns from society. This has inspired an increasing call for shopping centres landlords to play a substantial role in community development. This study explores the relationship between shopping centres landlords and the communities in which they reside-in with regards to corporate social responsibilities. The study is based on the premise that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives are seen as mandatory by shopping centres landlords as to ask what their contributions are to achieving sustainable development and improving the lives of people living in the local communities. In this regard, the study examines the role that shopping centres landlords play in bringing development to their various communities through CSR. The focus is on three shopping centres: Empangeni Sanlam Centre, Esikhawini Mall and Richards Bay Boardwalk Inkwazi Shopping Centre within uThungulu District Municipality. Relational theory and transactional model theory are used to develop a model for shopping centres landlords to embrace CSR as a tool to community development. This study employs a survey method which was conducted among the management of the centres and residents of Empangeni, Esikhawini and Richards Bay. The results of the study indicate that CSR initiatives embarked upon by shopping centres landlords through their management team are not communicated to the local community residents. This brings a gap in communication between the landlords and the local community residents. The practical implications of this finding showed that the model proposed for this study is promising in solving communication problem hindering CSR initiatives implementation.